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[DAY 18] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 ENVIRONMENT, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE   60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE  Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂  You can post your comments in the given format  (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

[DAY 19] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 GEOGRAPHY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE   60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE  Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂  You can post your comments in the given format  (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

[CURRENT AFFAIRS] IAS UPSC REVAMPED Current Affairs Magazine February 2025

    Archives Hello Friends, This is February 2025 of IASbaba’s REVAMPED Current Affairs Monthly Magazine. Current Affairs for UPSC Civil Services Examination is an important factor in this preparation. An effort towards making your Current Affairs for IAS UPSC Preparation qualitative. We hope you make the best use of it! This edition covers all Important current affairs issues that were in the news for the month of February 2025. Kindly leave your feedback in the comment section below on the new design and presentation of the magazine. We would love to hear from you! Download The Magazine - February 2025 Important Topics Covered In The Magazine Includes:   Article 200 Delimitation International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) Consumption, Investment and Growth Araku Valley Soil Health Card Scheme Einstein Ring And Much More..... Download The Magazine - February 2025 To get Regular Updates from IASbaba, follow- TELEGRAM Channel – https://t.me/IASbabaOfficialAccount YOUTUBE – https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChvbVdio9Wgj7Z3nQz1Q0ZQ FACEBOOK – https://www.facebook.com/iasbaba/ Also, SUBSCRIBE to the WEBSITE Below, so that you don’t miss out on important posts! Thank You IASbaba

[CURRENT AFFAIRS] IAS UPSC REVAMPED Current Affairs Magazine January 2025

    Archives Hello Friends, This is January 2025 of IASbaba’s REVAMPED Current Affairs Monthly Magazine. Current Affairs for UPSC Civil Services Examination is an important factor in this preparation. An effort towards making your Current Affairs for IAS UPSC Preparation qualitative. We hope you make the best use of it! This edition covers all Important current affairs issues that were in the news for the month of January 2025. Kindly leave your feedback in the comment section below on the new design and presentation of the magazine. We would love to hear from you! Download The Magazine - January 2025 Important Topics Covered In The Magazine Includes:   Essential Religious Practices Doctrine Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) Z-Morh Tunnel Keeling Curve Norovirus Neighbourhood First Policy (NFP) And Much More..... Download The Magazine - January 2025 To get Regular Updates from IASbaba, follow- TELEGRAM Channel – https://t.me/IASbabaOfficialAccount YOUTUBE – https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChvbVdio9Wgj7Z3nQz1Q0ZQ FACEBOOK – https://www.facebook.com/iasbaba/ Also, SUBSCRIBE to the WEBSITE Below, so that you don’t miss out on important posts! Thank You IASbaba

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 29th March 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) NATIONAL TECHNICAL TEXTILES MISSION Syllabus: Prelims  & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: National Technical Textiles Mission completes 5 years. Background: – With a view to boost technical textiles sector in the country, National Technical Textiles Mission (NTTM) was launched for a period from 2020-21 to 2025-26 with an outlay of Rs.1,480 crores. Key takeaways The National Technical Textiles Mission (NTTM) is a flagship initiative by the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India, aimed at transforming and modernizing the country’s technical textiles sector.  Technical textiles differ from traditional textiles in that they are developed to meet high-performance and specialized requirements across sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, construction, automotive, and defense. The mission was conceived with the key objective of positioning India as a global leader in technical textiles, leveraging its robust textile industry to create new economic opportunities, increase export potential, and drive technological innovation across diverse sectors. Key Components of the Mission The NTTM is structured around four primary components, each targeting a crucial aspect of the sector’s growth: Research, Innovation, and Development (R&D) Objective: Stimulate innovation by supporting research projects that develop new materials, processes, and technologies. Initiatives: Funding for R&D projects which, to date, have reached a cumulative value of around ₹509 crores spread over 168 projects. Outcome: This drives the creation of advanced, high-performance textile products that meet demanding industry standards. Promotion and Market Development Objective: Enhance the market penetration of technical textiles both within India and internationally. Initiatives: Promotion campaigns, infrastructure development, and measures to create awareness among industrial users and consumers. Outcome: Increased adoption of technical textiles in key sectors, strengthening domestic use and global market recognition. Export Promotion Objective: Boost the export potential of India’s technical textiles by developing dedicated export strategies. Initiatives: Formation of an export council, participation in international trade fairs, and creating export-oriented policies tailored for this subsector. Outcome: Enhanced competitiveness and broader global reach for Indian manufacturers. Education, Training, and Skill Development Objective: Build a robust talent pool equipped with the specialized skills required for the technical textiles industry. Initiatives: Establishing training programs, internships, and academic programs in collaboration with top institutes and industries. Outcome: Empowering up to 50,000 individuals, ensuring that the workforce is ready to drive and sustain innovation in the field. Source: PIB PARLIAMENTARY PANEL ON CBI Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: A Parliamentary standing committee has recommended that a separate or a new law be enacted to grant CBI the power to investigate cases without needing consent from the state governments. Background: – The department-related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and Justice in its demand for grants report noted that eight states have withdrawn general consent for CBI investigation. Key takeaways The Committee notes that eight states have withdrawn general consent for CBI investigations limiting severely its ability to investigate corruption and organized crime.  To address this problem, the Committee feels a separate/new law granting CBI wider investigative powers without state consent for cases affecting national security and integrity may be enacted by taking views also from State Governments.  The eight states are Kerala, Punjab, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Telangana, Meghalaya, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. All of them are ruled by parties that are not part of the Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance.  Under Section 6 of the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) act , CBI needs the permission of state governments to investigate cases within those provinces, except in cases where orders are issued from the Supreme Court, high courts or Lokpal. The Parliamentary committee has also asked DOPT to introduced lateral entry for different units within CBI, after the agency informed about not receiving sufficient and suitable nominations of officers from state police, forces which has traditionally been a major source of induction.  The committee said that shortage of suitable nominations for deputation to CBI was a serious concern ,as it affected the operational efficiency. About CBI The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is India’s premier investigative agency, functioning under the jurisdiction of the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT), Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions. Established: 1941 as the Special Police Establishment (SPE). Renamed as CBI: 1963 by a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Legal Framework: Works under the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act, 1946. Director: Appointed by a committee comprising the Prime Minister, Chief Justice of India, and Leader of Opposition (LoP). The process of appointment was established by the Supreme Court’s Vineet Narain judgement (1997), and the changes made to The Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act, 1946 by The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013. Functions of CBI: Anti-Corruption Cases: Investigates corruption cases involving central government employees and PSUs. Economic Offenses: Handles bank frauds, financial scams, money laundering, cybercrime, etc. Special Crimes: Investigates serious crimes such as terrorism, organized crime, and drug trafficking. Suo Moto Jurisdiction: Can investigate only within Union Territories. In states, it requires the consent of the concerned State Government. High-Profile Cases: Can take over cases at the request of states or by Supreme Court/High Courts’ directives. Source: Hindustan Times GREEN GRABBING Syllabus: Prelims – ENVIRONMENT Context: Asian Development Bank (ADB) funded Solar park in Assam is accused of green grabbing. Background: On March 26, the protestors belonging to various political formulations representing tribal bodies rallied against the Assam government’s plans to divert 18,000 bighas (2,396.5 ha) of tribal land to a solar power project supported by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Key takeaways Green Grabbing is a term used to describe the appropriation of land and natural resources by external entities—be they governments, corporations, or NGOs—in the name of environmental protection, conservation, or sustainable development.  While environmental policies and projects are essential for stewarding natural resources, the process of green grabbing often masks deeper issues of power imbalance and the disenfranchisement of local communities. Green grabbing is essentially a subset of the broader phenomenon of land grabbing. However, unlike traditional land grabs driven mainly by agricultural or industrial interests, green grabbing is justified using environmental objectives. Key Drivers and Mechanisms Environmental Rationale as a Pretext – Often, green grabbing takes place under the guise of: Biodiversity Conservation: Declaring areas as protected to conserve flora and fauna, which can lead to the exclusion of indigenous populations and local stakeholders. Climate Change Mitigation Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Projects that promote ecotourism or “green” economic development may acquire land to create tourist attractions. Institutional and Policy Dynamics – Green grabbing is embedded in a complex network of policies, international negotiations, and financial mechanisms. Key mechanisms include: Carbon Markets: By placing a monetary value on carbon sequestration, governments and corporations can invest in forest projects in ways that might disenfranchise local communities. Public-Private Partnerships: Collaborations between state agencies and private firms sometimes redefine land ownership or usage rights, leading to shifts in control under the banner of environmental improvement. Legal Reforms: Changes in land-use laws or regulations can formalize processes that allow for the simplification of resource appropriation for “green” projects. Socio-Economic Impacts Displacement of Local Communities – When land is reclassified for environmental conservation or commercial green initiatives, indigenous communities gets displaced. Loss of Traditional Rights: Communities that have managed and lived on these lands for generations may see their rights revoked or significantly restricted. Economic Marginalization: New regulatory frameworks or ownership models favor external investors or government agencies, which can disrupt local economies and traditional practices. Social Conflict: The ensuing struggle over land rights often triggers conflicts between local populations and external actors, exacerbating social and economic inequities . Source: Down To Earth BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITES Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – ENVIRONMENT  Context: The Tamil Nadu government has officially declared the Kasampatty (Veera Kovil) sacred grove in Dindigul district as a Biodiversity Heritage Site (BHS), making it the second such site in the state after Arittapatti in Madurai. Background: – The Veera Kovil sacred grove has long been revered by local communities, who worship the deity ‘Veeranan’ at the temple within the grove. Beyond its spiritual significance, the grove plays a key role in climate regulation and biodiversity conservation. Key takeaways  A Biodiversity Heritage Site is a well-defined area—terrestrial, coastal, inland water, or marine—that meets one or more of the following criteria: Species Richness and Endemism: The area contains a large number of species, including many rare, threatened, or endemic species. Evolutionary Significance: It may host species or genetic traits that are unique, serving as reservoirs of evolutionary history. Cultural and Traditional Value: Many BHS are interwoven with cultural traditions and historical practices, where local communities have passed down traditional knowledge in managing ecological resources. Ecological Fragility: These sites often comprise ecosystems that are particularly sensitive to natural disturbances and external pressures. The concept of BHS is designed not to restrict traditional practices but to enhance conservation efforts and empower local communities by recognizing and supporting their role in stewardship of natural resources . Biodiversity Heritage Sites are notified by State Governments under Section 37 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. Examples of Biodiversity Heritage Sites in India: Nallur Tamarind Grove, Karnataka – One of the first BHS, with centuries-old tamarind trees. Gundia Region, Karnataka – Rich in endemic species of Western Ghats. Majuli Island, Assam – World’s largest river island with unique flora and fauna. Glory of Allapalli, Maharashtra – A conserved natural forest with diverse species. Arittapatti, Tamil Nadu – Notified in 2022, rich in biodiversity and historical significance. Source: The News Minute PARKER SOLAR PROBE Syllabus: Prelims – SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY  Context: NASA’s Parker Solar Probe has successfully completed its second close flyby of the sun. Background: – The spacecraft swooped within 6.1 million kilometers of the sun’s surface at a whopping speed of 692,000 kilometers per hour. Key takeaways The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) is a groundbreaking NASA mission designed to revolutionize our understanding of the Sun by venturing closer to it than any spacecraft before.  Launched in 2018, the probe is part of NASA’s Living With a Star program and is built and managed by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Mission Objectives Mapping the Corona and Solar Wind: Parker’s primary objective is to investigate the physical processes in the solar corona. By entering the Sun’s outer atmosphere, the probe collects data on the temperature, magnetic fields, and plasma characteristics that drive the solar wind. Understanding Particle Acceleration: Studying how particles are accelerated to speeds of up to half the speed of light enhances the understanding of space weather—a phenomenon that can impact satellites, power grids, and communications on Earth. Unraveling the Mysteries of Solar Activity: By getting closer than ever to the Sun, scientists hope to answer longstanding questions about the mystery of coronal heating (why the corona is significantly hotter than the Sun’s surface) and the mechanisms behind solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Key Technical Details Orbit and Proximity: Utilizing multiple gravity assists from Venus, the Parker Solar Probe’s elliptical orbit gradually reduces its perihelion (closest approach), allowing it to pass as near as approximately 6.1 million kilometers from the solar surface. This proximity is a record among human-made objects. Speed Records: At its closest approaches, the probe reaches staggering speeds of up to 692,000 kilometers per hour, making it the fastest human-made object in history. This record-breaking speed is essential for minimizing the time spent in the harshest sections of the corona while still gathering critical data. Source: Space Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.) The term Green Grabbing refers to: (A) A method of organic farming to enhance green cover. (B) The use of renewable energy for industrial growth. (C) The appropriation of land and natural resources in the name of environmental conservation. (D) A strategy used to reforest degraded land.   Q2.) Which of the following is not a Biodiversity Heritage Site (BHS) in India? (A) Majuli Island, Assam (B) Arittapatti, Tamil Nadu (C) Valley of Flowers, Uttarakhand (D) Nallur Tamarind Grove, Karnataka   Q3.) The Parker Solar Probe, launched by NASA, is primarily designed to study: (A) The possibility of human settlement on Mars (B) The Earth’s magnetic field and its effects (C) The Sun’s corona and solar wind (D) The asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’  Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR  28TH March  – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – b Q.2) – a Q.3) – b

[DAY 17] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 HISTORY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE   60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE  Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂  You can post your comments in the given format  (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

[DAY 16] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 HISTORY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE   60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE  Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂  You can post your comments in the given format  (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 27th March 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) INDIA’S BIOECONOMY Syllabus: Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: A new government report has pegged the value of India’s bioeconomy in 2024 at more than $165 billion, accounting for over 4.2% of the country’s GDP. Background: – The India BioEconomy Report, released by the Department of Biotechnology, says there is ample opportunity for this sector to grow to about $300 billion by 2030, and to $1 trillion by 2047. Key takeaways Bioeconomy refers to the industrial use of biological resources (plants, animals, and microorganisms), and the replication of natural biological processes in the production of goods and services. Bioresources like plants or microorganisms are renewable, relatively cheap, and locally available, while natural processes are more sustainable and eco-friendly. An example is the use of ethanol, produced through fermentation of crops like sugarcane or corn by microorganisms, as an alternative to fossil fuels. Modern biology offers sustainable alternatives to clothes, plastics, construction materials, medicines, and a variety of chemicals. Even in traditional areas of healthcare and agriculture, there is a push for biotechnology. Development of biomedicines, which are derived from bioresources rather than chemicals, and synthetic biology involving the growth of specially-designed microorganisms with desired traits are areas in which biotechnology is playing an increasing role. Growing footprint The report shows that the value of India’s bioeconomy nearly doubled in the last five years, from around $86 billion in 2020 to $165 billion in 2024. The number of companies operating in the bioeconomy has gone up by almost 90% in the last three years, from 5,365 in 2021 to 10,075 in 2024. This number is projected to double again by 2030, employing close to 35 million people, according to the report. Nearly half the value of the bioeconomy (roughly $78 billion) was generated in the industrial sector, for the development and use of biofuels and bioplastics, among other things. The pharma sector accounted for another 35% of the total value, with vaccines the major contributor. But the fastest growing segment in 2024 was research and IT, which includes biotech software development, clinical trials, and bioinformatics that helps in areas such as drug research. The report showed that only five states — Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh — accounted for more than two-thirds of the value generated in the bioeconomy. The entire eastern and northeastern region generated less than 6% of the total value. Maintaining the high growth rates of the past five years in the future will not be easy, the report said. While the 4.2% share in the overall GDP was comparable to figures in the United States and China, the bioeconomy of countries like Spain and Italy accounts for more than 20% of their GDP. BioE3 Policy (2024) – The BioE3 (Biotechnology for Economy, Environment, and Employment) policy aims to: Establish India as a global bio-manufacturing hub with a focus on bio-based chemicals, enzymes, precision biotherapeutics, functional foods, and climate-resilient agriculture. Strengthen research and development through collaboration between universities, research institutions, start-ups, and industries. Promote sustainability by replacing hydrocarbon-based materials with bio-based alternatives. Encourage innovation and private sector participation in biotechnology advancements. Way Forward Regulatory Reforms – Addressing concerns over GM crops and streamlining approval processes. Regional Development – Encouraging bioeconomy growth in underdeveloped regions. Public-Private Collaboration – Boosting investment in research, production, and commercialization of bio-based products. Source: Indian Express STAR IN THE MAKING Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Context: The Webb Space Telescope has captured a plume of gas and dust streaming from a star in the making. Background: – The outflow is about 625 light-years from Earth in one of the closest star-forming regions of our Milky Way galaxy, according to NASA. Formation of stars The process of star formation is an extraordinary sequence of events that occurs within massive clouds of gas and dust scattered throughout galaxies, often referred to as molecular clouds or stellar nurseries. Formation of Molecular Clouds Initial Conditions: Star formation begins in regions of dense and cold interstellar gas and dust. These molecular clouds are primarily composed of hydrogen (Hâ‚‚) with traces of helium and heavier elements. Triggering Mechanisms: External events like supernova explosions, galactic collisions, or shockwaves can compress the molecular cloud, initiating the process. Gravitational Collapse Instability: Regions within the cloud become denser over time, leading to local instabilities. Formation of Dense Cores: As gravity overwhelms internal pressure, parts of the cloud collapse into compact, dense clumps known as protostellar cores. Protostar Stage Heating and Rotation: During the collapse, gravitational potential energy converts into heat, increasing the core’s temperature. Conservation of angular momentum causes the core to rotate and form a rotationally flattened disk around it. Accretion Disk: Material from the surrounding envelope spirals inward onto the protostar through the accretion disk, fueling its growth. Ignition of Nuclear Fusion Core Temperature and Pressure: When the protostar’s core temperature rises to approximately 10 million Kelvin, nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium begins. This marks the birth of a star. Radiative Pressure: The energy generated from fusion creates outward radiative pressure, balancing the inward pull of gravity and halting further collapse. Main Sequence Stage Equilibrium: The star enters the main sequence phase, where it remains in hydrostatic equilibrium for millions to billions of years. During this time, it burns hydrogen in its core, producing energy. Factors Influencing Star Formation Mass of the Star: The amount of material available determines whether the star becomes a low-mass star (like the Sun) or a high-mass star (more massive stars may end their lives as black holes or supernovae). Environmental Conditions: The metallicity (presence of elements heavier than helium) and external forces influence the efficiency of star formation. End States – the lifecycle of a star depends on its initial mass: Low-Mass Stars (e.g., red dwarfs): End as white dwarfs. Medium-Mass Stars (e.g., Sun-like stars): Become red giants before shedding their outer layers as planetary nebulae, leaving behind a white dwarf. High-Mass Stars: Explode as supernovae and may form neutron stars or black holes. Source: AP News RANA SANGA Syllabus: Prelims  – HISTORY Context: Rajasthan Chief Minister Bhajanlal Sharma strongly criticised Samajwadi Party MP Ramji Lal Suman for calling Mewar ruler Rana Sanga a “traitor” and demanded that the Akhilesh Yadav-led party take action against him. Background: Rana Sanga was the Rana of Mewar from 1508 to 1528 CE. He controlled parts of present-day Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh with his capital at Chittor. Key takeaways Rana Sanga, also known as Maharana Sangram Singh, was a legendary Rajput ruler of Mewar from the Sisodia dynasty. Born in 1482 to Rana Raimal of Mewar. Ascended the throne of Mewar in 1508 after a succession struggle. Faced internal challenges but emerged as a strong and capable ruler. Military Achievements and Battles Expansion of Mewar Consolidated Rajput power by forming alliances with Rajput clans. Defeated Malwa Sultan Mahmud Khalji II, expanding his territory. Fought against Gujarat Sultan Muzaffar Shah II and Lodhi rulers of Delhi. Battle of Khatoli (1518) – Defeated Ibrahim Lodi, capturing key territories in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. Battle of Dholpur (1519) – Once again defeated Ibrahim Lodi, increasing his influence in North India. Battle of Khanwa (1527) –  The most famous battle of his career, fought against Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire. Rana Sanga led a massive Rajput confederacy but was defeated due to Babur’s use of gunpowder, artillery, and superior tactics. The defeat marked the beginning of Mughal dominance in India. After the defeat at Khanwa, he attempted to regroup but was allegedly poisoned by his own nobles in 1528, who feared another battle with the Mughals. Source: The Hindu INDIAN OCEAN RIM ASSOCIATION (IORA) Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: India is set to chair the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) starting November  2025. Background: – As IORA chair for the next two years, India will have three priorities: creating funding opportunities to enlarge IORA’s budget; integrating technology for data management and policy analysis, and creating maritime-ready courses with academic and research institutions using collaborations. Key takeaways  The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is an intergovernmental organization established in 1997 to foster regional cooperation and sustainable development among countries bordering the Indian Ocean. It plays a pivotal role in addressing shared challenges and opportunities in the region. Key Features Member States: IORA consists of 23 member countries, including India, Australia, South Africa, Indonesia, and the United Arab Emirates, among others. It also has 12 dialogue partners, such as the USA, China, and the European Union. Headquarters: The IORA Secretariat is located in Ebene, Mauritius. IORA’s apex body is the Council of Foreign Ministers (COM) which meets annually. Objectives: Promote sustainable growth and balanced development in the region. Enhance regional cooperation in areas like trade, investment, and social development. Address challenges such as maritime security, disaster risk management, and climate change. IORA focuses on six priority areas: Maritime Safety and Security: Ensuring safe and secure maritime trade routes. Trade and Investment Facilitation: Promoting economic integration and trade partnerships. Fisheries Management: Sustainable use of marine resources. Disaster Risk Management: Enhancing regional resilience to natural disasters. Academic and Science Cooperation: Encouraging research and innovation. Tourism and Cultural Exchanges: Promoting regional tourism and cultural understanding. Source: The Hindu NON-PERFORMING ASSETS (NPA) Syllabus: Prelims – ECONOMY Context: Non-performing assets of banks at multi-year low, says Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman Background: – FM reveals that the gross NPAs (Non-Performing Assets) of scheduled commercial banks have reached a multi-year low of 2.5% in September 2024. Public sector banks have also reported their highest-ever net profit of ₹1.41 lakh crores in the previous financial year, with expectations for even greater growth in the coming year.  Key takeaways Non-Performing Assets (NPA) refer to loans and advances that cease to generate income for banks because the borrower fails to repay principal or interest for a specified period. Definition of NPA (As per RBI) – A loan is classified as an NPA if interest or principal remains overdue for more than 90 days in the case of: Term loans – When interest or principal is unpaid for over 90 days. Overdraft & Cash Credit – If outstanding balance remains over the sanctioned limit for 90+ days. Agricultural loans – If the principal/interest remains unpaid for two crop seasons (short-term) or one season (long-term). Categories of NPAs Substandard Assets – Loans that remain NPA for less than 12 months. Doubtful Assets – Loans that remain NPA for more than 12 months. Loss Assets – Loans that are unrecoverable, though officially not written off. Causes of NPAs Internal Factors Poor credit appraisal by banks. Mismanagement of funds by borrowers. Wilful default by corporate borrowers. Lack of proper monitoring and follow-ups. External Factors Economic slowdown affecting businesses. Policy bottlenecks leading to delays in projects. Global financial crises reducing export earnings. Natural calamities impacting agricultural loans. Impact of NPAs on Economy Reduces Bank Profitability – Banks earn lower interest income. Affects Credit Availability – Banks hesitate to lend, slowing economic growth. Erodes Investor Confidence – Weak balance sheets discourage investment. Burden on Taxpayers – Government may need to recapitalize public sector banks. Measures to Tackle NPAs Legislative & Regulatory Measures SARFAESI Act (2002) – Allows banks to recover loans by auctioning assets. Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016 – Fast-tracks resolution of stressed assets. RBI’s Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) Framework – Imposes restrictions on weak banks. Institutional Mechanisms Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARCs) – Buy NPAs from banks and manage recovery. Bad Bank (NARCL, 2021) – Aims to take over NPAs and resolve them efficiently. Bank-Level Reforms Strengthening credit appraisal & risk management. Encouraging loan restructuring and one-time settlement schemes. Source: Business Today Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.) Which Sultan of Delhi did Rana Sanga defeat in the Battle of Khatoli (1518)? a) Alauddin Khilji b) Ibrahim Lodi c) Balban d) Sher Shah Suri   Q2.) Which of the following is NOT a member of IORA? a) India b) China c) Australia d) South Africa   Q3.) Which of the following is a key reason for rising NPAs in India? a) Economic slowdown b) Poor credit appraisal by banks c) Wilful defaults by corporate borrowers d) All of the above Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’  Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR  26th March  – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – c Q.2) – c Q.3) – b

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 26th March 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) VIKRAMSHILA UNIVERSITY Syllabus: Prelims – HISTORY Context: A decade after Nalanda University came up in the foothills of Rajgir, work is on to revive another ancient centre of learning in Bihar — Vikramshila. Background: – The ASI has been developing the ancient Vikramshila University site since December to boost tourism, while the Bihar government recently allocated 202.14 acres in Antichak, Bhagalpur, for the proposed Central University. Despite the Centre’s 2015 approval and a ₹500 crore sanction, the project had stalled due to land allocation delays. Key takeaways Vikramshila University was an ancient center of learning established during the Pala Empire in medieval India. It was renowned for its focus on Buddhist education, particularly the Vajrayana sect of Mahayana Buddhism. Key Facts: Founded by: Dharmapala (c. 8th–9th century), a ruler of the Pala Dynasty. Location: Present-day Bhagalpur, Bihar. Notable Scholars: Atisha Dipankara Srijnana – A key Buddhist scholar who spread Vajrayana Buddhism to Tibet. It had a rigorous selection process for scholars and focused on Buddhist philosophy, logic, grammar, and metaphysics. Supported by Pala rulers, who were great patrons of Buddhism. Destroyed by: Bakhtiyar Khilji in 1203 CE, during the Turkish invasions, along with Nalanda and Odantapuri universities. Comparison with Nalanda While Nalanda university flourished from the Gupta Period (320-550 AD) to the 12th Century, Vikramshila thrived during the Pala Period (8th to 12th century).  While Nalanda got more international fame for teaching varied disciplines, Vikramshila was the only university that specialised in tantric and occult studies. In fact, during Dharmapala’s reign, Vikramshila reigned supreme and is known to have controlled Nalanda’s affairs as well. At its peak, subjects such as theology, philosophy, grammar, metaphysics and logic were taught at Vikramshila. But the most important branch of learning were the tantras because Vikramshila flourished in the days of tantricism, when occult sciences and magic were subjects of study both in Buddhism as well as Hinduism. While Nalanda is the older of the two universities, at one point, the two centres of learning, who had a common patron in King Dharmapala, exchanged knowledge and even teachers, who were called Acharyas. Source: Indian Express NATIONAL ORGAN AND TISSUE TRANSPLANT ORGANISATION Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: The Union Government has expressed “serious concern” over hospitals not sharing data on organ transplantation activities with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Background: – In a communication sent to Health Secretaries of all States/Union Territories, the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO), which functions under the Directorate General of Health Services, called for urgent intervention of the competent authority to check the non-compliance of the transplant hospitals in updating the organ transplantation data which was undermining the purpose of the National Transplant Registry. Key takeaways The National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO) is India’s apex body responsible for overseeing organ donation, procurement, and transplantation. It functions under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW). Headquarters: New Delhi Governing Law: Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act (THOTA), 1994 (amended in 2011) Objectives of NOTTO: Promote organ donation awareness in India Ensure equitable distribution of organs Maintain a national registry of organ donors and recipients Coordinate organ and tissue transplant activities across India Set guidelines for organ transplantation and procurement Structure of NOTTO: – It operates at three levels: National Level – NOTTO (New Delhi) Manages the National Organ and Tissue Donation and Transplant Registry Coordinates inter-state organ allocation Promotes national policies and awareness Regional Level – ROTTOs (Regional Organ and Tissue Transplant Organizations) 5 ROTTOs covering North, South, East, West, and Northeast India Coordinate between NOTTO and SOTTOs State Level – SOTTOs (State Organ and Tissue Transplant Organizations) Implement organ donation and transplant programs at the state level Register hospitals and maintain state donor lists Types of Organ Donations Regulated by NOTTO: Living Donor Transplantation: A living person donates an organ (e.g., kidney, liver segment). Deceased Donor Transplantation: Organs retrieved from brain-dead patients. Source: The Hindu PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – ECONOMY Context: The Reserve Bank issued revised guidelines on Priority Sector Lending (PSL) to facilitate better targeting of bank credit to the priority sectors of the economy. The new guidelines will come into effect from April 1, 2025, the RBI said. Background: The major changes include the enhancement of several loan limits, including housing loans for enhanced PSL coverage, and the broadening of the purposes based on which loans may be classified under ‘renewable energy.’ There is also a revision of the overall PSL target for urban cooperative banks (UCBs) to 60% of Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC) or Credit Equivalent of Off-Balance Sheet Exposures (CEOBSE), whichever is higher. The revised norms also expand the list of eligible borrowers under the category of Weaker Sections. Key takeaways Priority Sector Lending (PSL) is a policy initiative by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) aimed at ensuring that certain sectors of the economy receive adequate credit. These sectors are considered crucial for economic development and include agriculture, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), education, housing, renewable energy, and weaker sections of society. Key Features of PSL Targets: Banks are required to allocate a specific percentage of their Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC) or Credit Equivalent of Off-Balance Sheet Exposures (CEOBSE) to priority sectors. For example, commercial banks must allocate 40% of their ANBC to PSL. Categories: PSL covers various categories such as: Agriculture: Loans for farmers, agricultural infrastructure, and allied activities. MSMEs: Credit for small businesses and startups. Export Credit: Loans to exporters. Education: Loans for students pursuing higher education. Housing: Loans for affordable housing projects. Renewable Energy: Financing for solar, wind, and other clean energy projects. Weaker Sections: Loans for economically disadvantaged groups. Monitoring and Penalties: Banks are monitored for compliance, and penalties are imposed for failing to meet PSL targets. Source: Money Control FINANCIAL ACTION TASK FORCE (FATF) Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Private Sector Collaborative Forum (PSCF) 2025 will be held from 25th -27th March, 2025, in Mumbai. Background: – The forum is being hosted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, reaffirming India’s responsible leadership in global efforts to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. Key takeaways  The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an intergovernmental organization established to combat money laundering (ML), terrorist financing (TF), and other financial crimes at the global level. Established: 1989 (G7 Summit) to combat money laundering (ML). Headquarters: Paris, France. Membership: 39 countries (including India) + 2 regional organizations (EU, GCC). India became a member in 2010. Key Functions of FATF Sets International Standards to combatant money laundering and terror financing Monitors Compliance: Conducts Mutual Evaluations (peer reviews) of member countries. Rates countries as Compliant (C), Largely Compliant (LC), Partially Compliant (PC), or Non-Compliant (NC). Identifies High-Risk Jurisdictions: Grey List: Countries with strategic deficiencies (e.g., Pakistan, Syria). Black List: Non-cooperative nations (e.g., North Korea, Iran). Issues reports on cryptocurrencies, hawala, and NGOs misused for terror funding. FATF maintains two types of lists to monitor countries with weak AML/CFT laws: Grey List (Increased Monitoring List) Countries placed here have deficiencies in AML/CFT measures but are cooperating with FATF. These nations face economic scrutiny & restrictions from international financial institutions. Example: Pakistan was on the Grey List (2018–2022). Black List (High-Risk Jurisdictions) Countries that fail to curb money laundering & terror financing. Severe economic sanctions & restrictions are imposed. Current Blacklisted Countries: North Korea, Iran, Myanmar. Source: PIB BLUE FLAG TAG Syllabus: Prelims – ENVIRONMENT Context: Rushikonda Beach in Visakhapatnam wins back Blue Flag tag. Background: – The Blue Flag tag was temporarily withdrawn by the Denmark-based Foundation for Environment Education (FEE) after it received complaints of poor maintenance of amenities at Rushikonda. Key takeaways The Blue Flag Certification is an internationally recognized eco-label awarded to beaches, marinas, and sustainable boating tourism operators that meet high environmental, educational, safety, and accessibility standards. It is managed by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE), a Denmark-based non-profit organization. Validity: One year (renewable based on compliance) Criteria for Blue Flag Certification: To receive the Blue Flag Tag, a beach/marina must comply with 33 criteria under four categories: Environmental Education & Information Displaying Blue Flag information Conducting environmental awareness activities Water Quality No industrial or sewage discharge Regular water testing Environmental Management Waste disposal & recycling systems Prohibiting activities harming ecosystems Safety & Services Availability of lifeguards, first-aid stations, and clean toilets Accessibility for differently-abled visitors Source: New Indian Express Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.) Consider the following statements regarding the Blue Flag Certification: It is awarded by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The certification is valid for a period of five years. India’s BEAMS program is linked to Blue Flag Certification. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3   Q2.) In the context of Priority Sector Lending (PSL), which of the following is NOT classified as a priority sector by the RBI? (a) Agriculture (b) Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) (c) Real Estate Development (d) Renewable Energy   Q3.) Which of the following countries are currently on the FATF Blacklist ? (a) Pakistan and Afghanistan (b) Iran and North Korea (c) Russia and Syria (d) Venezuela Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’  Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR  24th March  – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – b Q.2) – b Q.3) – a

[DAY 15] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 HISTORY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE   60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE  Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂  You can post your comments in the given format  (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here