May 21, 2016 Topper's From IASbaba

TOPPER'S STRATEGY: Agam Jain (Rank 133) CSE - 2015

  We are happy to share strategy and words of wisdom from Agam Jain (Rank 133) Agam discovered IASbaba after prelims 2015 (we started in June ,2015) and followed our 'TLP 100 day' program religiously . Writing under the name of 'harry' he never scored more than 4.5/10 , yet he took our feedback constructively to design and create his own destiny! Friends , he has shared very crucial points of view on answer writing born out of failure and success.   Agam Jain’s Strategy  (AIR 133, CSE – 2015) The exam of upsc is not just an event but a complete process. We not only study hard, we also learn the way of life. How to remain humble in worst and best of the situations, how to help others, how to balance between normal and upsc driven life? We shall be so much concentrated that even while watching scene of 'dilwale dulhaniya le jayenge', we think about Switzerland and in a second, the cold winds of Europe, tax haven position of country and maestro of tennis revolve in our mid. At the same time, we must remain so cool that people think that he/she is most calm person under their knowledge. I know the pressure. Many of you might have friends working with high salaries, friends getting married, pressure on yourself to choose better half immediately, taunts of relatives etc.  During this or any other such situation, think of the fact that you chose this line with your discretion. If you don’t get succeed (even after working hard), you aren’t responsible for anyone. Mark my word regarding the fact that we all will be employed someday. It’s just the intensity of job which bother us. And you won’t believe that the free advices of people have never done any good. Even after getting 133 rank, some people were like- IPS is not good. You should try for IAS. Then there was one who said that IAS has a lot of political interference, better go for IRS. Similarly, one suggested for IFS. One remained one IPS but because it has more visible power! There are two things which could be drawn from this. First, we can’t achieve everything which we want. We have control over our mentality but not the situations. Second, every possible condition in the world has its own drawbacks. We can’t just live happily ever after. Challenges are there and that is the life. Before any further strategy, I just want to say that remember the talisman of gandhiji (to remember the face and if your work will help him in anyway) always. It will help you for sure (like if you don’t get good food, think you will someday sabotage the malnutrition. If you don’t get good sleep, think you will keep law intact. If you don’t have warm water in winter to take bath (if only you follow this ritual), think that there are many without any water).   Basic info: College - Mangalayatan university, Aligarh (b.tech (ece), 2014 batch) Attempts - 2 (first was just for fun as just came out of college and heard that GANDHIJI has increased the number of attempts) No coaching for Gs & No test series for mains. Optional –History (coaching under s. baliyan sir)   Marks Sheet: Prelims- 121 (Paper I) +170 (Paper II CSAT) Mains: Essay-117 Gs1- 110 Gs2- 87 Gs3- 105 Gs4- 100 Opt1- 142 Opt2- 117 Total- 778 Interview- 143 Final- 921   Rank- 133   Some Strategy tips: I guess Annapurna garg (rank 68) has covered most of the tips and I am also not in favour of getting into various strategies. Read few interviews of toppers and then dare to make your own strategy. You may fail, but it’s good to fail now then in exam. Like I dared initially to make notes from history spectrum then realise that spectrum in itself is like notes and I am just wasting time. Then once I started giving a lot of time to art and culture and later realised that the questions of this topic in prelims are quite vague and it’s better to focus on something better. I never liked to expend much specially in course books and that’s why I initially started reading through internet! It gave me twofold benefits. First, I just purchased some standard books, read them again and again and didn’t fall in trap of reading everything available in market. Second, reading from internet gave the extra edge of covering many topics from different sources. Here is the small list of books which I read- History-bipin Chandra, spectrum (could read ancient and medieval from lucent. Cost benefit of reading proper books isn’t there.) Polity- laxmikanth (read at least 8 times) Geography- ncert, mrunal lectures and notes Economics- ncert, mrunal lectures and notes, sriram notes Ecology- Shankar notes Csat- none   While prelims has more of static and factual portion, mains deal with analytical part. So even if you haven’t read everything, you could do better with constant writing practice and keeping your mind open whenever you read any topic. Just write the syllabus of every paper on a sheet. Study according to the topics given in that and then mark that off the sheet. By the time you will end, you will have just 5-6 pages related to all small topics like ngo, shg, investment models,internal security etc. Remember, if people start calling you mad, you are on right path! (Just saying). Once it happened with me that I slept while studying and things were so much going in my mind that I dreamt of akbar :) . Suddenly earthquake (surface waves!) struck in fatehpur sikri and all markets were blown and eventually whole currency got devaluated. I was so much scared that day as many things were revolving (even in dreams) but nothing was concrete. After that instance, I realised that I should analytically compare everything to find the solution. Thus, after that, no matter which subject I was reading, I tried to attach with every single subject. If I was reading apprentice and skill development in economy, I attached it to guilds of ancient period and thus societal issues.   Writing practice and IASbaba: I wrote for complete year. Insights helped me a lot and gave me confidence. After prelims, I came across iasbaba. And it was its TLP 100 days plan that satisfied me and I felt that there is no need of test series now. I wrote many answers on it but the maximum I could get was 4.5 from baba (I wrote under the name of harry). There were many who got more than me. I never lost hope but one day sat down, thought for an hour and made my own strategy (sharing those points as it is).- Answer writing: write answers more than once if initial one is badly structured. don’t think about time, try to create a structure before writing. less of the intro and conclusion, but both should be better. more of the content. continuity- points coverage in chronological manner in better divisions in prioritised manner write more and effective. try to include new points and words/sentences/phrases. improve handwriting.   I must say that the quality of questions (specially later under HOT questions) which this website put were really amazing. My only request to you is that you kindly write. Don’t think that discussions over these questions could replace the quality which will come when you write. People behind this website are doing great work. I have learnt a lot from internet and this website is one among them. They are latent teachers to us. However, I will request the team that, if possible, please provide questions and other stuffs in hindi also. Even though I am from English medium, I don’t want students of my mother tongue to loose just because there isn’t enough material in market. I haven’t shared regular strategy in good faith that you have read it in other interviews/write ups. I only suggest you to attach yourself with spiritualism to certain extent. It gives a lot of inner strength. Last but not the least, I know that everybody listens to the topper and not more deserving candidates if they failed. Don’t get disappointed for upsc is just a means to reach the end of serving nations. You can opt for any other means to reach this end. After all, its just an exam and not a passport to reach heaven. Thus, ending with two images in the good hope that you will balance between them.     Contact: either ask on quora or facebook or in following comment section below (IASbaba), so that many could read them. If any personal doubt, mail me on agam612@gmail.com (kindly use it in extreme case). If anything is left out, I am ready to make another write up with iasbaba. Just let me know. However, I will hope that you won’t need help and you will encroach every limit on your own. Just few more lines to end. Credit- my complete credit to my family (best thing was they never expected anything from me), my friends from mangalayatan (I share bonding of 9-10 years with them and no one know me better than them), saka group (I sometimes felt that girls of this group want success more than me, they were more nervous and more happy during my exams and result respectively), friends of my hostel (who are more of mentor than friend).   My Daily Schedule (January- December 2015):   I went to delhi in August, 2014 and came back home after nearly 380 days in august,2015. In 2014, I covered optional and following was my Time table for 2015 and followed it inch by inch. (Following is just to give idea that how much time management is important)- Daily- IASbaba, Insights Newspaper AIR Bharat ek khoj pib It can only be neglected if there comes any test or exam on the deal to complete selective part later.. Jan 2015 1-8 polity 9-10 test prep 11 test 11-15 polity 16-17 test prep 18 test  18-21 exam 22-23 off 26 republic day 21-27 polity 28 revision 29-30 other portions of gs-2 31 history watch February 1-11 geography 12-15 sociology (can be adjusted acc to geography) 16-17 revision 18-20 ethics 21 history watch 22-28 sci tech (static part) March 1-9 ecology and remaining portion of gs-3 (except economics) 10 revision 11-19 mppsc (mp material, military science, other parts uncovered of mp syllabus), 1 day only for economics 20-31 mains April 1-7 exam 7-15 economics 16 revision 17-27 full fledged revision 28-30 filling of gaps  Daily- questions, current events, ever notes. May One chapter each day of csat. One comprehension each day. 1-7 science static. And environment 8 mppsc 8-10 gwalior 10-15 science static and environment 16-18 history 19-21 polity 22-24 economics 25-28 geography 29-31 gaps.   June 3-7 tour 24-30 science (static)-arihant book Polity-laxmikant History-spectrum, notes (grover if needed) Environment (mrunal lectures, Shankar, various lists) Test daily July 1-5 geography Economics Art and culture Others 6-15 revision 1 12- capf exam 16-25 revision 2 26-31 revision 3 August Bulk revision. Question papers on daily basis. 23rd August -Preliminary Exam (UPSC)    MAINS: 5th Sept - 12 Dec, 2015  Daily - Iasbaba & Insights Questions Optional questions topic wise Idsa (accordingly) Pib Weekly - More questions Essay -2 5-8th Sep       -  old newspaper 9-20th Sep    -  gs1 21-30th Sep  -  gs2 1Oct -12Pct    - gs 3 13-14Oct         - gs 4 18Oct              - asrb exam 18-27th Oct   -  mppsc  (State Civil Service) 28Oct -5th Nov - mppsc exam Optional - 10 Sept - 10 Nov, 2015 11 Nov- 15 Nov- gaps 15Nov - 31 Nov - revision 1 1 Dec - 8 Dec - revision 2 9Dec -12 Dec-  revision 3   For Agam Jain's Interview Transcript - Click Here Thank you :)

May 20, 2016 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs – 20th May, 2016

Archives   IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs – 20th May, 2016   NATIONAL   TOPIC:   General Studies 1: Role of women and women’s organization – women empowerment General Studies 3: Inclusive Growth   Behind the Gender Pay Gap India has one of the lowest female labour force participation (FLFP) rates —share of women who are employed or are seeking work as a share of the working-age female population — among emerging markets and developing countries. At around 33 per cent at the national level in 2012, India’s FLFP rate is well below the global average of around 50 per cent and East Asia average of around 63 per cent. An FLFP rate of 33 per cent implies that only 125 million of the roughly 380 million working-age Indian women are seeking work or are currently employed.   Monster Salary Index report on India’s gender pay gap The gender pay gap in India stands at 27 per cent— while men earned a median gross hourly salary of Rs 288.68, women earned only a median gross salary of Rs 207.85 per hour The highest gender pay gap was recorded in the manufacturing sector at 34.9 per cent. The lowest gender pay gap was recorded in the BFSI (banking, financial services, and insurance) and transport, logistics, communication, equally standing at 17.7 per cent each   Information technology (IT) sector: 34 per cent (has increased from around 29 per cent a year earlier) Several institutions- Prefer male employees over female employees Promote a higher number of male employees to supervisory positions Companies speak up— Gender pay gap exists because of divided work-family loyalties, as women take more time off from work to care for their families, leading to long career breaks, thus, missing out on the trends and the changed environment. Also, often women lose out through voluntary termination of service at a rate two or three times faster than men once they have attained the experienced, mid-career level— impact on the supply line for higher levels. Almost one-third of women employees showed reluctance and have not resumed work in the absence of a support system at home to take care of the child— Flexible work policies or extended leave, stays minor enablers for those who possess career aspirations in a situation where close to 78 per cent of eligible female graduates choose not to participate in the organised workforce.   Analysis done by Economist Korn Ferry— Analysed employees in 33 countries and found that on average, women earn 18 per cent less than men, which is of course higher than the 27 per cent overall industry pay gap mentioned by Monster India. Korn Ferry highlighted — that the United Arab Emirates has a reverse pay gap. Women at the same level, company and function actually earn two per cent more than their male counterparts partly because fewer women (13 per cent) participate in the labour force, and those who do tend to have higher levels of education (Indian IT sector’s gender pay gap seems highly skewed) Consider the US— For every dollar a man makes in the US, a woman earns just 78 cents for doing the same job.   Monster Salary Index (MSI) It is an initiative by Monster India in collaboration with Paycheck.in (managed by Wage Indicator Foundation) and IIM-Ahmedabad as a research partner. For employers, MSI is an online salary survey that aims to provide employers with practical information and helps them make informed decisions by analysing the salary market and optimizing employee remuneration.   Refer: THE POWER OF PARITY: ADVANCING WOMEN’S EQUALITY IN INDIA Women at Work   ECONOMICS   TOPIC:   General Studies 3 Banking & related issues   Debate on Bank Consolidation What is Bank Consolidation? To consolidate is the action of combining of assets, liabilities and other financial items of two or more entities into one. Bank Consolidation occurs when two or more banks (merge to) become one bank. What are the benefits of Bank Consolidation? Bank consolidation helps to achieve the quest to create an Indian (large) bank that will be in the league of global giants can be achieved through consolidation. There is a need for large banks. One, as no bank in the country features in the top ten banks in the country, in terms of asset size. Two, given the huge large infrastructure needs of the country, large banks are required to finance it. Larger PSBs can support the corporate sector better in overseas acquisitions, bigger banks are less susceptible to being taken over by outsiders and large synergies are available in mergers that could alleviate capital requirements. Consolidation will increase capital efficiency and the merged entity will have more leg room to raise capital. Consolidation will also improve the ability of banks to recover bad loans which are rising. (As consolidation would pave way for a common recovery programme, hence recovery will be far more focussed) Cost rationalisation - Consolidation would result in cutting down branches, particularly in urban areas where there are too many branches of different banks in a same area. Other benefits – Risk diversification, scale and specialization would increase, improves ratings.   Why Bank Consolidation is not an easy task? When bank portfolios are uniformly strained, as they are today, mergers can accentuate the strains. i.e., Merger of two or more banks which have strained balance sheets can lead to a collapse. Mergers eat up a lot of top management time — IT systems, organisation structures, risk systems, exposure limits, and product portfolios need to be aligned. Branches need to be rationalised, customers need to be informed, brands need to be reestablished and people have to be placed in jobs. At a time when PSBs need a razor focus on cleaning up credit portfolios, mergers will be very distracting and will bring the sector to a halt. One of the toughest challenges that the government will face while merging banks is from the employee unions and the employees who may fear identity loss. Forced merger challenges – Technology challenges, integrating people and business processes, cultural change—HR basically, trade union issues.   Arguments against Consolidation Experts say consolidation must not happen because there are NPAs in the system or that capital is short. Merger of two or more banks which have strained balance sheets can lead to a collapse. RBI has done an AQR (asset quality review) and it has proposed that balance sheets will get cleaned up by March 2017. Post 2017 (after balance sheets get cleaned up), on the basis of mutual consent by all stakeholders this model can be adopted. There are risks of creating giant banks – Global experience since 2008 has shown that large banks are not necessarily efficient banks. For example, four of the five biggest global banks in terms of assets are now Chinese. Few see them as paragons of financial stability. There is good reason to believe that the large Chinese banks are far weaker than what the official numbers say. The US too has seen that large banks are not necessarily efficient banks.   The way ahead: In 2010 Budget, it was announced that India will open up the banking sector for financial inclusion. Last year we saw two new banks, IDFC and Bandhan Bank. 20 more new banks, 10 small banks and 10 payments banks are yet to come up. RBI in its recent credit policy said that it would again explore the possibilities of giving differentiated banking, whole sale banks, custodian banks. It is complicated as on the one hand we say that we need more banks, different kinds of banks and on the other hand we say we need consolidation. India right now needs more banking competition rather than more banking consolidation. In other words, it needs more banks rather than fewer banks. India is right now seeing the creation of new banks that could add to variety in the domestic financial system. These new banks should make the Indian loan market more competitive. The decision to merge the large public sector banks does exactly the opposite. It will likely reduce competition—and without any major efficiency gains to the economy as a whole. The cult of size is always an attractive one. But the enthusiasm to create massive banks through mergers needs to be tempered with skepticism. The global experience since 2008 is especially important in this context. It still raises the question - “What do we need? Big banks or good banks?” Connecting the dots: India right now needs more banking competition rather than more banking consolidation. Comment. What are the possible outcomes of Bank Consolidation? What are the challenges involved in its implementation? What does India need - Big Banks or Good Banks? Critically evaluate.   MUST READ Sebi tightens P-note norms- Move to curb round-tripping, black money flows into capital market; Sebi makes dividend disclosure policy compulsory Business Standard   Getting more women on corporate boards- The government should take steps to mandate that companies have at least two women board members, and at least one of them should be an independent director, in the next two years Business Standard   Bad offshoot of Mauritius tax treaty Business Line Related Articles: Illicit Financial Flows   Making drones serve us better - The new guidelines seek to address amateurish adventurism, but the regulatory specifics need revisiting Business Line   Asia-Pacific accounts for 91% of global natural disaster deaths: UN report- By 2070, Kolkata, Mumbai, Bangkok, Dhaka, Guangzhou, and Shanghai will be the top Asian cities with maximum exposure to coastal flooding Live Mint  

May 20, 2016 60 Days Plan 2019 - Daily Prelims Test

IASbaba '60 Day Plan' - Prelims Test 2016 [Day 5]

Click here to get all the Tests- Archives Hello Friends Hope you are enjoying Daily questions. The link for Day 4 solution is active now.  Note- Once in every 10 Days, we will release a document on doubts and controversial questions. So keep pointing. :) Why we asked you to comment? Now go back to check your answers that you posted with honest effort. Edit your answers with marks. Everyday like this you can self monitor your progress for all 60 days. Accountability to self is the only way for success IASbaba '60 Day Plan' - Prelims Test 2016 [Day 5] Q.1) Consider the following statements regarding Bio-fertilizers The microorganisms in bio-fertilizers restore the soil's natural nutrient cycle and build soil organic matter. Bio-fertilizers directly increase soil fertility by adding nutrients Rhizobium is a free living nitrogen fixing bacteria Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) Only 1 d) 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) Arrange the following in increasing order of their water content. Egg Milk Meat Fish Select the correct code a) 1-4-3-2 b) 2-1-4-3 c) 1-3-4-2 d) 4-1-3-2  Q.3) Consider the following regarding India Fishery Production India fisheries is the second largest in the world Inland fish production is more than marine in India Contribution of fishery to Indian agriculture is less than its contribution towards GDP Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 only b) Only 2 c) Only 3 d) 2 and 3 only Q.4) Consider the following statements regarding ‘Vertebrates’ The majority of animal species are vertebrates Shark is an example of vertebrate Vertebrates can be identifies by the presence of notochord and gill pouches Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) 1, 2 and 3 Q.5) Consider the following w.r.t Meristematic Tissues Meristematic tissues are a group of young cells that are in a continuous state of division They are living and thin walled They have few vacuoles and are small in size Select the incorrect code a) 1, 2 and 3 b) Only 2 c) 2 and 3 d) None  Q.6) Consider the following statements regarding ‘Chronic Diseases’ Some of the common examples of chronic diseases are arthritis, cardiovascular disease, AIDS and Cancer Chronic diseases can be Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Diabetes is a type of chronic disease Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) Only 1 d) 1, 2 and 3  Q.7) Recently scientists made a historic detection of ‘Gravitational Waves’. The discovery would represent a scientific landmark, opening the door to an entirely new way to observe the cosmos and unlock secrets about the early universe and mysterious objects like black holes and neutron stars. Consider the following w.r.t Gravitational Waves Gravitational waves can be produced by Humans, Cars and Aeroplanes. The strongest gravitational waves are produced by catastrophic events such as colliding black holes, the collapse of supernovae and the remnants of gravitational radiation created by the birth of the Universe itself. Select the correct code a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) Both d) None Q.8) Consider the following regarding Light Emitting Diodes (LED) They work on the principle of electroluminescence White LED’s are used in sterilization and hygiene since it can kill harmful bacteria Blue led can be used for flat screens and date storage since it is used in compact disks to store data. Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1, 2 and 3 d) 1 and 3 Q.9) Generic Drugs have gain lot of attention in recent times due to Indo-US spate over IPR and Drug regime. Consider the following statements, to gain FDA approval, a generic drug must: Contain the same active ingredients as the innovator drug Be identical in strength, dosage form, and route of administration Be bioequivalent Meet the same batch requirements for identity, strength, purity, and quality Select the correct code a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 2 and 4 c) 1, 3 and 4 d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Q.10) The process of nitrogen-fixation by bacteria does not take place in the presence of a) Molecular form of hydrogen b) Elemental form of oxygen c) Water d) Elemental form of nitrogen Q.11) Which of these options are not a function of Ribosomes? It helps in manufacture of protein molecules It helps in manufacture of enzymes It helps in manufacture of hormones It helps in manufacture of starch molecules Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 3 and 4 d) 1 and 4 Q.12) Which of the following are homogeneous in nature? Ice Wood Soil Air Select the correct code a) 1 and 3 b) 2 and 4 c) 1 and 4 d) 3 and 4 Q.13) Consider the following statements regarding Lifi technology: Li-Fi technology uses visible light for data transfer and communication. Li-Fi uses common household LED (light emitting diodes) lightbulbs to enable data transfer, boasting speeds of up to 224 gigabits per second. On-off light signals are received as binary signals at very high speed by a receptor. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above  Q.14) Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe vomiting and diarrhoea among infants and young children. Which of the following statements are correct about rotavirus: It is the biggest cause of death of children under 5 years of age in India. India has recently launched an indigenous vaccine for rotavirus called Rotavac. Rotavac has been added in India’s Universal Immunisation Program. Select the correct code from the following: a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above  Q.15) The acoustic frequencies used in sonar systems ultrasonic waves infrasonic waves radio waves audible sound waves Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) Only 1 c) 1 and 3 d) 1 and 4  Q.16) Which of the following reactions are irreversible chemical changes: Rusting of Iron Cooking of food Fermentation of grapes Formation of ozone Select the correct code from the following: a) All of the above b) 1,2 and 3 c) 2,3 and 4 d) 1,3 and 4 Q.17) Which of the following processes are exothermic i.e. they release energy? Burning of coal Respiration Decomposition of vegetables to form compost Select the code from the following: a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above Q.18) If someone is suffering from the problem of acidity. What is the ideal thing he should take to have relief? a) Lemon juice b) Vinegar c) Baking soda solution d) Aerated soft drink Q.19) Consider the following statements: Distilled water does not conduct electricity. The pH of distilled water is seven. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.20) Copper was the first metal to be used by mankind on a large scale. What was the correct reason behind that? a) Copper is less reactive and can be easily extracted from its ore. b) Copper was the most abundant metal of the world. c) Copper had higher conductivity than iron or aluminum. d) Copper had religious significance.  Q.21) Consider the following statements regarding metal alloys: An alloy is a homogenous mixture of two or more metals. A non-metal can also be added in an alloy with base metal. An alloy has improved qualities over base metal and also prevents corrosion. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above Q.22) Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because: a) Zinc is costlier than tin. b) Zinc has a higher melting point than tin. c) Zinc is more reactive than tin. d) Zinc is less reactive than tin. Q.23) Consider the following statements: Sexual reproduction leads to higher biodiversity than asexual reproduction. The genetic material is transferred to the progeny in sexual reproduction and not in asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction results in almost identical progeny. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above Q.24) Consider the following statements regarding common eye defects: Myopia is near sightedness i.e. a person is unable to clearly see nearby objects. Myopia is corrected using concave lens of suitable power. Hypermetropia is far sightedness i.e. a person is unable to clearly see distant object. Hypermetropia is corrected using a convex lens. Which of the above statements are incorrect? a) 1 and 3 b) 2 and 4 c) None of the above d) All of the above  Q.25) Interpol has issued a Red Corner Notice (RCN) against Shahid Latif, Pakistan-based handler of Jaish-e-Mohammed terrorists who had attacked Pathankot Air Force base in January. Consider the following statements with respect to INTERPOL It is the second largest political organization after the United Nations in terms of international representation. INTERPOL is not an organ of UN INTERPOL headquarters is located in Lyon, France Select the correct option a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Q.26) The cyclonic storm ROANU has affected which of the following three states of India a) Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal b) Odisha, Kerala, Tamil Nadu c) West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka d) Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala Q.27) Consider the following Ammonia Insecticides Sulphur dioxide Which of the following does not belong to the category of inorganic compound which cause water pollution? a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) None of the above Q.28) Consider the following Fibrinogen Globulins Albumins Which of the above are the components of Plasma? a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 3 only d) All Q.29) The indigenous people Pygmies are found in which of the following deserts a) Kalahari Desert b) Arabian Desert c) Gobi Desert d) Atacama Desert Download the Solution- Click here  P.S- Attempt these questions within 20 minutes with full honesty and write your results in the comment box. Next day, come back and check your result. You can also discuss the important concepts and issues, in case of doubts (among peers) All the best IASbaba

May 20, 2016 Topper's From IASbaba

TOPPER’S STRATEGY: P.D.Nitya (Rank 213) CSE – 2015

Dear Friends, We are happy to share strategy and words of wisdom from PD Nitya - ranked 213. Friends,as  you know her as one of our students in TLP program. http://iasbaba.com/2015/10/final-list-super-100-10-tlp-mains-2015/ She wrote as DURGA :) Indeed :) Having seen all facets of IAS preparation from attending top notch coaching centres in Delhi to finding IASBaba HOT questions of TLP most useful Nitya is a rounded individual who can calibrate things as they stand. Here is her experience and strategy through a set of questions : 1)  How did you come across the idea of writing UPSC Civil Services Examination? Since childhood I always wanted to do something different which none in my family has ever attempted and civil services being the toughest exam of India naturally attracted me. Also, i strongly believe that if right people are placed in the system then many problems can be resolved and civils is a great opportunity to do so. 2) Can you share a bit about your background? I come from a middle class family living in Bhilai, Chhattisgarh. My father is in railway contracting business, mother is a housewife and brother is an officer in Indian Navy.I did my Chemical engineering from NIT Raipur then worked for 2 years in ACC limited (Cement). In 2014 I resigned from my job and devoted my full time to upsc preparation. 3) How do you corelate your graduation degree, work experience and entry into civil services? My graduation in Chemical engineering deeply involves study industrial applications, problems of manufacturing sectors, cost optimization and ofcourse environment sustainability. Working in a core sector (Cement industry) and that too in a remote location (Chandrapur, Mah), gave me the opportunity to understand the ground realities better. My workplace was challenging as we were the first batch of female production managers to ever work inside the cement plant so naturally we were expected to be mentally tough. The conditions of Vidarbha region was also an eye opener like how the cotton farming there ruined the farmers with increasing debt. All these factors motivated and helped me in the preparation of civil services. The importance of governance and its reach is even more significant for the poor and rather being idealist, pragmatic solutions for problems were needed. 4) Now that Paper-2 of Prelims is qualifying. What is your approach for Prelims Paper-1? The changed pattern for Prelims has given more weightage to paper 1. I first started with revising all the basics (static portion) like history, geography, polity, art and culture from sources one has already read. Apart from NCERTs. CCRT helped to cover art and culture portion. Also, revision of newspaper and important current events is a must. Nowadays many sources can be found that compile current events monthly, this can be a lot of help. For environment and economy following current affairs helps but its basics should also be revised regularly as questions in prelims tests basic understanding of the topic rather than asking big figures or statistics. I also undertook tests periodically to judge my preparation. Its good to solve as many MCQs as possible as it helps to develop confidence and to self analyse the grey areas of preparation. 5) How was IASbaba helpful in your preparation? I followed IASbaba extensively during my mains preparation. The TLP series categorized paper wise as per mains pattern really helped to cover most of the topics. I am truly indebted to you guys for making the preparation easy :) 6) Do you agree that smart work is the key to crack this examination rather than cramming all the books available in the market and slogging for hours? Yes, ofcourse, smart work is the need of the hour. As the syllabus of the examination is vast, its important that one should first understand the demand of the examination. Cramming all the data is of no use as UPSC is not so particular about your knowledge of data or that perfect definition written word by word from a renowned book. UPSC only wants to check your level of understanding. Even if you read only one book but have understood the topics well, you can fair well in the examination. So, put on hard work to understand the things and try to remember it by correlating with other aspects by developing a holistic approach. 7) GS-2 and GS-3 Mains is mostly Current Affairs? What was your approach for these two papers? What would you suggest to 2016 aspirants? For GS2 and GS3 read extensively The Hindu or The Indian Express (thats what I followed). If possible prepare your own notes and revise the events that happened. Since it is a very dynamic segment, one can retain much information by regularly writing answers. As IASbaba covers questions based on current events, practicing those questions actually boosts the memory power. In short, I would suggest read newspapers regularly and attempt questions based on it. 8) You used to write regularly on TLP-2015. How useful was it? How is it different from other mains answer writing  I used to write TLP series questions in my own separate notebook. It helped me in two ways, improved my writing answers and reduced time of thinking in mains examination as the topics were already familiar. In 2014 I took test series from a coaching in delhi, but it was of no use as the questions didn’t cover the current affairs part and the weekly tests doesn’t help in improving writing succinct answers. IASbaba’s TLP and HOT question initiative on daily basis is way too better in quality and outcome wise because of its quality, reviews and and timely feedback 9) We started IASbaba so as to reach the rural aspirants across the country who cannot afford good coaching and still get a rank? Do you think we are on the right path in achieving that? Yes, you people are doing a great job. The coaching people are mostly misleading as this is the examination that demands hard work from the candidate herself. Ironically, in 2014 when I joined full time coaching in Delhi, I couldn’t clear my mains, but in 2015 when I fully prepared by myself following IASbaba and other websites, I secured AIR 213. So, I think you are certainly on the right path :) My Marks-

May 19, 2016 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs – 19th May, 2016

Archives   IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs – 19th May, 2016   NATIONAL   TOPIC:   General Studies 3 Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues  Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector or Services relating to Health   Right to Die with Dignity Passive Euthanasia: To forgo treatment or life-prolonging medical support Supreme Court had (in the Aruna Shanbaug case) rejected the euthanasia petition filed by journalist Pinki Virani but established the legal framework for allowing passive euthanasia Active euthanasia: Entails the doctor administering drugs to end the patient’s life Medical Treatment of Terminally-Ill Patients (Protection of Patients and Medical Practitioners) Bill regarding passive euthanasia— Legal Perspective— Euthanasia is difficult to regulate Exertion of moral pressure on the patient to exercise it with malicious intention—major loophole Clause 9- “relatives, medical personnel and the like can apply to the relevant high court for “withholding or withdrawing medical treatment of... a competent patient who has not taken an informed decision” As long as the individual is competent, it must not be left to anyone else to judge the merit of their understanding in something as fundamental as their life—has the potential for misuse and is antithetical to an individual’s fundamental rights, and should therefore, be removed Eg: Recently promulgated laws which penalise children for not looking after their parents was inconsistent with this ruling which seeks to legalise passive euthanasia However, the evolution of democratic thought and the limits of state power cannot override understanding of an individual’s right to decide on their life. BUT— It should be a private affair and the decision should be respected only when there exists no hope of recovery and is suffering greatly, or is in a vegetative state and kept alive by medical apparatus Issue of public good—In the case of Aruna Shanbag, one hospital bed was reserved for her for 42 years, which could have been used by thousands of patients, all legitimately claiming the right to live A hospital bed is meant for patients who have a reasonable chance for recovery. For the rest, there are palliative care homes, hospices and residences. No person should be allowed to use taxpayers' funds on the one hand, and on the other deny hospital beds to more deserving patients   Campaign for the Right to Die with Dignity in India The campaign for the right to die with dignity in India actually begins with Minoo (Minocher) Masani (1905-1998) who formed the Society for the Right to Die with Dignity (SRDD) during the 1960s. Put in his own money to premier the screening of the film, ‘Whose life is it anyway?’ which deals with the above-mentioned subject Brought out the first draft of the Living Will (Icchha Maran) in this country   Aruna Shanbag (1 June 1948 – 18 May 2015) case: Aruna was a junior nurse working at KEM Hospital, when in 1973 she was sexually assaulted by a ward boy. She slipped into a coma and remained in a persistent vegetative state for 42 years thereafter. SC— “If the doctors treating Aruna Shanbaug and the dean of the KEM Hospital, together acting in the best interest of the patient, feel that life sustaining treatments should continue, their decision should be respected. If the doctors treating Aruna Shanbaug and the dean of the KEM Hospital, together acting in the best interest of the patient, feel that withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatments is the appropriate course of action, they should be allowed to do so, and their actions should not be considered unlawful.” Humanisation and decriminalisation of the attempt to suicide Justice VA Mohta, former chief justice of Orissa High Court once remarked, “Suicide is a criminal offence only when the person attempting it does not succeed.” Law Commission of India (in its Report No 210 delivered on 17 October, 2008) stated that there is an urgent need for “Humanisation and decriminalisation of the attempt to suicide” Dr. Christian Barnard, on a doctor’s role: “It is not true that we become doctors in order to prolong life, We become doctors in order to improve the quality of life, to give the patient a more enjoyable life . . . And the same is true when we are dealing with terminally ill patients: what we should ask ourselves is whether there is still any quality of life left. The doctor who is unconcerned about the quality of life is inhumane; and the real enemy is not death but inhumanity.”   Article 21 of the Indian Constitution does make the right to life a fundamental right, it also allows for death subject to judicial process Order a soldier to the battlefield, even if it means death Allows a court to condemn to death a convicted criminal Thus, the right to live is not an unlimited or an absolute right—is subject to legal caveats and conventions.   Historically in India—opting to die is often an act of honour, of salvation Cultural practices like santhara among the Jain community—practised with the full knowledge and often consent of the entire community Hinduism- Hindu saints are known to take sanyas and even opt for Samadhi. even the vanaprastha stage advocated by Hinduism allows for a person to leave the material world and wander into the forest, where he is no longer distracted by the world of attachments. How the person eventually dies, remains unknown. It is another practice that is both voluntary and immensely venerated. The Living Will Allows a person to state in advance that he should not be put on life support systems should the need ever arise Based on the simple logic that any person has the right to decide whether he wants to be operated upon or not, even to be treated or not. The living will can even specify the types of treatment that the patient would be willing to permit for himself. The patient is fully within his rights to refuse the treatment, even if this refusal can result in death.   Mahatma Gandhi— "A man who is suffering from an incurable disease and is living thanks to the service rendered to him by others without himself doing anything useful in return has the right to end his life. To fast unto death would be much better for him than to drown himself, for it tests his firmness and leaves room for him to change his mind." “A calf, having been maimed, lay in agony in the ashram and despite all possible treatment and nursing, the surgeon declared the case to be past help and hope. The animal's suffering was very acute. In the circumstances, I felt that humanity demanded that the agony should be ended by ending life itself. The matter was placed before the whole ashram. Finally, in all humility but with the cleanest of convictions I got in my presence a doctor to administer the calf a quietus by means of a poison injection, and the whole thing was over in less than two minutes.   Would I apply to human beings the principle that I have enunciated in connection with the calf? Would I like it to be applied in my own case? My reply is yes. Just as a surgeon does not commit himsa when he wields his knife on his patient's body for the latter's benefit, similarly one may find it necessary under certain imperative circumstances to go a step further and sever life from the body in the interest of the sufferer." How other countries dealt with 'Right to Die'— A. One of the first countries that decided to promote the cause euthanasia was Switzerland Penalizes assistance in suicide out of selfish motives—If no ulterior are given, no offence is done. Most developed countries accept the legal sanctity of an Advance Directive, or the Living Will or both. But they have yet to be given legal status in India. However, the Supreme Court is currently hearing petitions which seek to give the Living Will a legal status in this country. Netherland- The legislation passed regulates the ending of life on explicit request by the individual (voluntary euthanasia) as well as accompanied suicide. Belgium- permits and regulates the ending of life by physicians on request by the individual who wishes to end life USA- The first state to introduce such a law was the State of Oregon- regulates physician-assisted suicide for terminally ill patients who have a life-expectancy of not more than 6 months Other champions for assisted suicide- the State of Washington, the State of Vermont, California, the State of Montana, New Mexico Connecting the Dots: What are the moral dilemmas raised by ‘Euthanasia’? How does Hindu philosophy place atman, karma and dharma in the context of Euthanasia? Elaborate   ECONOMY TOPIC:  General Studies 3 Economic Development – Indian Economy and Issues relating to growth and development – Different indicators used to measure growth   Social Progress Index: A work in progress (We have tried to cover this article comprehensively) Genesis of measuring growth: It was in early 1930s a need was felt to capture all economic transactions by individuals, companies, and the government in a single measure. It was essential for this measure to reflect an increase in it in good times and a decrease in adverse conditions. Towards this end, today we have many different methods of measurements such as – Gross Domestic Product (GDP) GINI coefficient HDI (Human Development Index) GNH (Gross National Happiness) Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals Social Progress Index (SPI)   Gross Domestic Product (GDP) In January 1934, Simon Kuznets prepared a report titled ‘National Income, 1929-32’ and presented it to the U.S. government. It laid the foundation of how we judge the economic success of countries today. In it was elucidated the concept and measurement of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP since then has been used to measure the economic performance of a nation, and has been shaping the debate on the performance of countries for the past 80 years or so. Today, almost every country maintains GDP statistics. What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and what is the difference between GDP and GNP (Gross Nation Product)? GDP GNP Stands for: Gross Domestic Product Gross National Product Definition: An estimated value of the total worth of a country’s production and services, within its boundary, by its nationals and foreigners, calculated over the course on one year. An estimated value of the total worth of production and services, by citizens of a country, on its land or on foreign land, calculated over the course on one year. Formula for Calculation GDP = consumption + investment + (government spending) + (exports − imports). GNP = GDP + NR (Net income inflow from assets abroad or Net Income Receipts) - NP (Net payment outflow to foreign assets). Application To see the strength of a country’s local economy. To see how the nationals of a country are doing economically. Layman Usage Total value of products & Services produced within the territorial boundary of a country. GDP is essentially about where production takes place. Total value of Goods and Services produced by all nationals of a country (whether within or outside the country). GNP is about who produces.   GDP is a better measure than GNP Analysts say that GDP is a better measure than GNP and is accepted by all the major industrial countries. The reason is that GDP is domestic production where employment is created; inflation is moderated; tax revenues are more and so on. GNP also has its advantages and India is a big beneficiary of it – remittances from abroad; acquisition of foreign companies; invest abroad to tap on foreign opportunities etc. But the consensus is that former is of greater value than the latter.   Growing debate: What are the relative merits and demerits of GDP and has it outgrown its utility? Is there a need for alternative measures? Merits of GDP – GDP growth over time enables central banks and policymakers to evaluate whether the economy is in recession or inflation. In that sense it is still required. GDP has also held significance as a universal metric over the years, to measure the economic performance of a nation. However, with rapid globalization and technology-oriented integration among countries, this metric has become outdated and does not accurately take into consideration other aspects like the wellbeing of the residents of a country. Weaknesses/demerits of GDP – GDP excludes voluntary market transactions: GDP fails to account for productive non-market activities, like a mother taking care of her child, a homemaker doing household chores, a homeowner doing maintenance of his house, leisure (paid vacation, holidays, leave time), improvement in product quality, etc. GDP also ignores important factors like environment, happiness, community, fairness and justice. But these are important aspects of development. Thus, there is a need for alternative measures which can take into consideration other key factors like hunger and malnutrition, safety parameters, literacy rate and tolerance. Big Question: What are the alternative measures other than GDP? Can they track the apparent progress of countries by considering all the key factors? Can they find a composite measure of well-being to date? There are many recent approaches which go beyond GDP and incorporate most of the above factors (like environment, happiness, hunger and malnutrition, safety parameters, literacy rate and tolerance etc) into the measurement of the well-being within the society. Some of these include GINI coefficient, HDI (Human Development Index), and GNH (Gross National Happiness). GINI coeffiecient It was introduced in 1912 by Corrado Gini and adopted by World Bank It measures the income inequality among a country’s citizens But it fails to measure social benefits or interventions that reduce the gap or inequality between rich and poor GNH (Gross National Happiness) GNH was introduced in the 1970s by the king of Bhutan GNH measures the happiness levels of the citizens in a country But it ignores other important elements like gender equality, quality education and good infrastructure HDI (Human Development Index) HDI was devised and launched in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq It is computed and published by the United Nations Development Programme and overcomes most of the shortcomings of the Gini coefficient and GNH. However, HDI, as a measure, falls short in its capture of the unequal distribution of wealth within the country and the level of infrastructural development. Many prospects of a healthy society, such as environmental sustainability and personal rights, are not included in HDI. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) After HDI, Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals were also built along various dimensions based on the work done in understanding human development. Conclusion: From the above different measurement approaches we can conclude that they are not successful in tracking the apparent progress of countries. These are some of the limitations of the approaches in finding a composite measure of well-being to date.   SPI as complementary index: The way ahead The next stage in the measurement of well-being went into creating what is termed as the Social Progress Index (SPI). It goes beyond the traditional measure of GDP and has most parameters that are required to fulfil SDGs. About Social Progress Index (SPI) The Social Progress Index measures the extent to which countries provide for the social and environmental needs of their citizens. Fifty-four indicators in the areas of basic human needs, foundations of wellbeing, and opportunity to progress show the relative performance of nations. SPI is based on three fundamental pillars: basic needs for survival; access to the building blocks to improve living conditions, and access to opportunity to pursue goals and ambitions.   What is the difference between GDP and SPI? SPI focuses on outcomes rather than inputs that are used in GDP. For example, the quality of life and longevity are measured instead of spending on health care, and people’s experience of discrimination is looked at instead of focusing on whether there is a law against discrimination. SPI takes into consideration not just GDP but also inclusive, sustainable growth that will lead to a significant improvement in people’s lives. SPI can best be described as a complementary index to GDP and can be used along with GDP to achieve social progress.   Findings of SPI 2015 If the world is considered as one country, it would score 61.00 on the SPI on a population-weighted basis. India ranks 101 with a social progress score of 53.06 among 133 countries, according to SPI 2015. One significant find is that all countries doing well in GDP/capita are not always the ones at the top of SPI. For example, New Zealand has GDP per capita almost half that of the top performing nations, according to GDP per capita figures, but performs better than most nations on SPI. The U.S., which has significantly higher GDP than New Zealand, ranks lower than New Zealand on SPI. West Asian economies like Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia have high GDP per capita, but secure significantly inferior positions in SPI. Will SPI replace GDP? As said earlier, SPI takes into consideration not just GDP but also inclusive, sustainable growth that will lead to a significant improvement in people’s lives. It can best be described as a complementary index to GDP and can be used along with GDP to achieve social progress. In conclusion, SPI can bring substantial betterment in the policy discourse on development. With the move to getting it introduced at a sub-national level, the index is expected to help development practitioners and other stakeholders in analysing well-being in a better manner. SPI, to be introduced in India soon — this can lead to a better understanding of well-being and prosperity within the country.   MUST READ Rebooting ties with Iran Hindu Related Articles: India Iran relations   Tamil Nadu’s direct cash transfers Hindu Related Articles: Time for expansion of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT)   Maharashtra: New crop pattern for drought-hit districts- The centre has set a target of 8 per cent growth over the next five year plan (2012-17) for plantation and horticulture in Maharashtra. Indian Express   Bank on the brink- Clean up the sector, create five large, structurally unconstrained government-promoted banks Indian Express Related Articles: Banks Board Bureau(BBB): Old wine in a new bottle?   Discipline yourself-A review of fiscal responsibility legislation is in order. True test of compliance is during an economic slowdown. Indian Express Related Articles: FRBM act: Reality check and to review the fiscal consolidation path   Framework for abolition of Plan, non-Plan classification soon- Centre likely to switch to a more globally relevant system of classifying spending as revenue expenditure and capital expenditure Business Standard   Govt moots Bill for protection of third gender's rights- Circulates draft law which is based on DMK MP Tiruchi Siva's private member's Bill passed by RS Business Standard

May 19, 2016 60 Days Plan 2019 - Daily Prelims Test

IASbaba '60 Day Plan' - Prelims Test 2016 [Day 4]

Click here to get all the Tests- Archives Hello Friends Hope you are enjoying Daily questions. The link for Day 3 solution is active now.  Why we asked you to comment? Now go back to check your answers that you posted with honest effort. Edit your answers with marks. Everyday like this you can self monitor your progress for all 60 days. Accountability to self is the only way for success IASbaba '60 Day Plan' - Prelims Test 2016 [Day 4] Q.1) Consider the following International Day for Older Person (IDOP) is celebrated every year on 1st October The recent theme of IDOP was ‘Leaving No One Behind: Promoting a Society for All’ 2015, marks the golden jubilee of IDOP Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) Only 1 c) 1, 2 and 3 d) Only 3  Q.2) Consider the following regarding ‘Trident Juncture’ and select the correct code? It is the largest military exercise launched by NATO It is a trilateral exercise of India, Indonesia and Japan It is a bilateral military exercise between Srilanka and India It is a trilateral military exercise of NATO, EU and USA Q.3) Mission Indradhanush aims to cover which of the following diseases? Measles AIDS Cancer Polio TB Whooping Cough Select the correct code a) 1, 3, 4 and 5 b) 3, 4, 5 and 6 c) 1, 4, 5 and 6 d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Q.4) Consider the following about Nobel Prize, 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics has been given for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been given for the discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasite. Nobel Prize in Medicine has been given for mechanistic studies of DNA repair. Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) Only 2 c) Only 1 d) 1, 2 and 3 Q.5) Consider the following statements regarding ‘Compost’ Organic ingredients intended for composting can alternatively be used to generate biogas through aerobic digestion Compost is used to control soil erosion and sediment run off. Select the correct code a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) Both d) None Q.6) Consider the following regarding ‘Biochar’ It is made up of biomass by a process called combustion It is an unstable solid formed by charcoal It helps in increasing acidity of the soil when the PH of the soil is high Select the correct code a) 1 and 2 b) 1, 2 and 3 c) Only 3 d) None Q.7) Consider the statements regarding the use of ‘Antibiotics’ Flu or cold can be treated by using antibiotics Antibiotic resistance is caused when body becomes resistant to antibiotics Antibiotic resistance is caused by genetic mutation and by acquiring resistance from another bacterium Select the correct code a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 2 and 3 c) Only 3 d) 1 and 2 Q.8) National Tribal Advisory Council to be set up is to be chaired by? President of India Prime Minister of India Ministry of Tribal Affairs Prime Minister Office (PMO) Q.9) Which of the following are correct about ‘Karewas’ Karewas are the lacustarine deposits found only in Kashmir valley and bhadarwa valley of Jammu, in India. It is suitable for growing one of the world’s best qualities of saffron. The soil is peaty and contains a lot of carbon content. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above Q.10) Which of the following statements are correct about crop rotation? Growing of different crops on a piece of land in a pre-planned succession is called crop rotation. The availability of moisture and irrigation facilities decide the choice of crops to be grown. Ideally staple grain crops are rotated with leguminous crops. Select the correct code from above: a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above Q.11) Which of the following statements correctly explains the process of ‘Ratooning’? It is a method of harvesting a crop which leaves the roots and the lower parts of the plant uncut to give stubble crop. It is a method of preparing field by burning the stubs of harvested crops in the field, to provide nutrition to the soil. It is method of using burrowing animals to make the field porous before harvesting of crop. None of the above. Q.12) Arrange the following rock systems of our country as classified by the Geological Survey of India from oldest to recent: The Purana Rock System The Dravidian Rock System The Archaean Rock System The Aryan Rock System Select the correct code from the following: a) 2, 3, 1, 4 b) 2, 3, 4, 1 c) 3, 1, 2, 4 d) 3, 1, 4, 2 Q.13) Which amongst the following rivers has the largest drainage basin in India? Indus Brahmaputra Krishna Godavari Q.14) Consider the following statements:  Easterly jet stream over India is seasonal and exists only during summer. Westerly jets are helpful in pushing western disturbances towards India, causing winter rainfall. Westerly jets are bifurcated by the Tibetan plateau during summers with one stream flowing over northern India. Which of the above statements are correct? a) All of the above b) 1 and 2 c) 2 and 3 d) 1 and 3 Q.15) Consider the following statements:  The deviation of actual rainfall of a place from its average rainfall is called variability. The highest variability is found at places where average rainfall is lowest. Variability of rainfall is measured in percentage. Which of the above statements are correct about variability of rainfall? a) 1 only b) 1 and 3 c) 2 and 3 d) All of the above Q.16) Which of the following statements are correct about black soils of India? They have a volcanic origin. They cover the largest reporting area of the country. They are deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter. They have clayey texture and have high water holding capacity. Select the correct code from the following: a) 1 and 4 b) 1,2 and 3 c) 1,3 and 4 d) All of the above Q.17) Consider the following statements about the texture of soil: The size of soil particles defines the texture of soil. A soil having mixture of substantial amount of sand, silt and clay is called loam. Soil texture decides the water holding capacity of the soil. Finer the soil texture, the better it is for agriculture. Which of the above statements are incorrect? a) 1,2 and 3 b) 1 and 4 c) 4 only d) None of the above Q.18) Soil salinity has emerged a major problem affecting the fertility of soil in India. Almost 2.5% of country’s reporting area is adversely affected by alkali formations. Which of the following statements are correct about saline soils? Salinity is naturally found in arid and semi-arid areas where rate of evaporation is higher than rate of precipitation. Saline soils develop in highly irrigated area as more salt comes up due to capillary action of soil. Salinity can be cured by adding gypsum to the soil. Select the correct code from the following: a) 1 and 3 b) 1 and 2 c) 2 and 3 d) All of the above Q.19) Consider the following statements: Kerala has no east flowing rivers. Madhya Pradesh has no west flowing rivers. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.20) Which one of the following rivers do not originate in India?  Ravi Beas Sutluj Chenab Q.21) Consider the following statements regarding equatorial climate: Very heavy down pour, normally for a short duration in a year. Convectional rainfall characterised by lightning and thunder. There is a very high diurnal temperature range in equatorial regions. Select the correct answer a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) None of the above Q.22) The recent advent of yellow fever in some parts of Africa was in news recently. Consider the following statements with respect to “Yellow fever” The disease is transmitted by the bite of a Mosquito. It is curable. The disease is characterised by high fever and Jaundice. Select the correct answer a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1,2 and 3 Q.23) Recently ISRO test fired Prithvi 2 missile from a test range at Chandipur in Odisha. Conisder the following statements with respect to Prithvi 2 missile It is a surface to air missile It has a strike range of 2000 km It is the first missile developed under integrated missile development programme. It has a single stage liquid fuelled propellant Select the correct answer a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 3 and 4 only d) 1 and 3 only Q.24) PM referred to “Pragjyotishpur” at the inaugural address of south Asian games. Which of the following city today refers to “Pragjyotishpur” in ancient India? Dibrugarh Thimpu Dispur Guwahathi Q.25) “ARYA” and “Farmers first” to revamp agricultural produce in India are proposed initiatives by Indian agricultural research institute Ministry of agriculture in collaboration with ICRISAT Indian council of agricultural research Ministry of agriculture in collaboration with FAO Download the Solution- Click here  P.S- Attempt these questions within 20 minutes with full honesty and write your results in the comment box. Next day, come back and check your result. You can also discuss the important concepts and issues, in case of doubts (among peers) All the best IASbaba

May 19, 2016 AIR

All India Radio - Atrocities Against Women in Kerala

ARCHIVESAtrocities Against Women in KeralaA Dalit girl was recently raped and murdered in what is known as the most developed state of India, Kerala. The incident has bought the callousness of police in dealing with gender violence. The article deals with the issue associated with the violence against women and some preventive measures that should be taken to avoid such future incidents.Kerala, which ranks highest in the Human development indices, has achieved numerous strides in all aspect of human development. Even the UN came forward in declaring Kerala as the most developed region in India. Despite all such positive notes that we hear about the state, the recent rape and murder is a black mark not only on the establishments but to the very commitment of our founding fathers to ensure equal rights to women in par with men.The crime which happened on a broad day light in the house of a victim is literally shocking. The fact that the girl’s family had approached the police for last couple of months regarding the physiological abuse that they are undergoing and the complete police inaction against the offenders has only shown the lack of sensitization in acting against the offenders.Prevalence of patriarchal mindset among the people, lack of sensitization, general lawlessness, inefficient functioning of police, a sense of antagonism against Dalits has all added to the problem and poor, hapless families are bearing the brunt of such incidents.Even though the government has started one stop centre to address all the issues associated with the women who have undergone some form of sexual violence is poorly or functioning inadequately.The presence of Violence and disrespecting the women in a society is only a manifestation of prevalence of patriarchy and narrow mindedness. Women are making their mark equally in all spheres of life. Nevertheless the situation has improved many folds compared to pre colonial era, discrete incidents like these in Kerala is only a reminder of the job of assuring women a life of dignity and respect.Schools and parents have a huge role to play in delving in to ideas of respecting and sensitizing women issues. There is a need to understand that the development merely does not mean growth and GDP numbers but also a creation of a healthy society free of prejudices and inequality. A lot needs to be done on part in reforming the police force and also to increase the number of women in police, so that the male dominated force can be more sensible when it comes to dealing with gender abuse.

May 18, 2016 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs – 18th May, 2016

Archives   IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs – 18th May, 2016   NATIONAL   TOPIC:  General studies 2 Local Government & related issues Mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these Vulnerable Sections.    Backing ‘demos’ and ‘kratia’—Power of the people Supreme Court (2013)— Had directed that the smallest units of local governance use their powers and take a decision on whether the Vedanta Group’s $1.7 billion bauxite mining project in Odisha’s Niyamgiri Hills should go forward All 12 gram sabhas rejected the project, forcing the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) to withdraw permission for mining. The State government launched a fresh bid to overturn this by approaching the Supreme Court again in early 2016 (through its Odisha Mining Corporation)— Promises of a good deal as well as instances of everything possible to scare the Adivasis into submission through regular harassment (including imprisonment and killing of tribal members) by armed police forces The verdict (earlier) was not just a victory for the Dongria Kondh tribal group that had fought a long and hard battle against the project, but as a validation of the gram sabha’s powers under the FRA— among the first instances when the power of a community to provide or withhold consent for a development project was recognised. The Adivasis have stood firm in the face of this repression, and the Supreme Court’s recent decision is a vindication of their campaign.   Recent Cases— March 16, 2016—Five Adivasi villages in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, unanimously vetoed the plans of South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), a subsidiary of India’s public sector coal mining giant Coal India Limited (CIL), to mine their forests. These villages were Pelma, Jarridih, Sakta, Urba and Maduadumar. March 23, 2016— The Kamanda gram sabha of Kalta G.P in Koida Tehsil of Sundargarh district in Odisha unanimously decided not to give its land for the Rungta Mines proposed by the Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation of Odisha Limited (IDCO).   May 4, 2016— The National Green Tribunal directed that before clearance can be given the Kashang hydroelectric project (to be built by the State-owned body Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd. or HPPCL), the proposal be placed for approval before the Lippa village gram sabha in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The 1,200 residents of Lippa have been waging a seven-year struggle against the project as it would lead to submergence of their pine nut trees due to construction of the hydel project— deprive the local farmers of their livelihood Unsatisfied—Spirit behind the 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Constitution The amendments were made to move towards more direct democracy in villages and cities, which remained largely as a dream even after two decades of its acceptance (hardly been implemented). The development decisions have consistently maintained a top-down approach and have left the citizens devoid of financial and legal powers to find solutions to the issues. Exceptions— where communities have taken power into their own hands Instances of tribal self-rule in central India; The partial measures of State governments like Nagaland with its ‘communitisation’ law, Providing greater powers over departmental budgets to village councils; and Kerala with its experiment in people planning Forest Rights Act of 2006— The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, is a key piece of forest legislation passed in India on December 2006. The law recognizes the rights of forest-dwelling communities to land and other resources, denied to them over decades as a result of the continuance of colonial forest laws in India. The Act basically does two things: Grants legal recognition to the rights of traditional forest dwelling communities, partially correcting the injustice caused by the forest laws— to govern, use, and conserve forests they have traditionally managed and used Makes a beginning towards giving communities and the public a voice in forest and wildlife conservation Rights granted under the Act? Title rights –e. ownership – to land that is being fared by tribals or forest dwellers as on 13 December 2005, subject to a maximum of 4 hectares; ownership is only for land that is actually being cultivated by the concerned family as on that date, meaning that no new lands are granted. Use rights – to minor forest produce (also including ownership), to grazing areas, to pastoralist routes. Relief and development rights – to rehabilitation in case of illegal eviction or forced displacement and to basic amenities, subject to restrictions for forest protection Forest management rights – to protect forests and wildlife Right to intellectual property and traditional knowledge related to biodiversity and cultural diversity Rights of displaced communities Way Ahead: The principle of ‘free and prior informed consent’ (FPIC)—enshrined in international agreements was reiterated most strongly in the recent UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. India has not yet brought this into its legislative framework, other than in partial forms such as the circular under the Forest Rights Act and the long-forgotten PESA Need to press for FPIC to be incorporated as a central tenet of all development and welfare planning; with widespread being a necessary step forward (owing to rampant dilution of hard-fought rights of freedom of speech and dissent, access to information, and decentralised decision-making) Deeper democratic reforms need to be incorporated in the developmental strategy as this would help ordinary people get political, economic, and legal powers through grass-roots collectives that enable them to take decisions affecting their lives. Such direct or radical democracy needs to be the fulcrum on which more representative institutions at larger scales would operate, downwardly accountable through various mechanisms. The alternative pathways of human well-being need to be brought into the mainstream, including forms of economic activity that are: Ecologically sustainable, Directly in the control of people rather than the state or corporations, More locally self-reliant Less dependent on fragile global webs of exchange Connecting the Dots: Tribal rights can’t be pushed aside in the name of development. What do you understand by ‘tribal rights’? From where do these rights come? Why they need to be protected? Elaborate.   Read: Empowerment of the Gram Sabhas    NATIONAL   TOPIC:  General studies 2: Geography - Key natural resources across the world (including India), exploitation of natural resources; tertiary sector industries – Transport (Waterways) General Studies 3: Economic Development – Transport and marketing; market supply chain management; Infrastructure: Waterways; Tourism Environment and Ecology, Bio diversity - Conservation, environmental degradation, environmental impact assessment, Environment versus Development   National Waterways Act (NWA), 2016 In March 2016, the National Waterways Act, 2016, came into being. The Act was introduced to – Make provisions for existing national waterways and to provide for the declaration of certain inland waterways to be national waterways. Provide for the regulation and development of the said waterways for the purposes of shipping and navigation and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. Accordingly, the Union government plans to turn 111 rivers across India into national waterways. Intent of the government through this plan: Government says developing the waterways is our top priority India currently has five inland waterways while only three are operational. India’s Waterways has been a neglected sector due to lack of focus and policy measures. India is in the last position in the world in this sector. In China 47 per cent of passenger and goods traffic is through water, in Korea and Japan it is 43-44 per cent and in Europe it is over 40 per cent. In India it is just 3.3 per cent, out of which inland waterways account for a mere 0.3 per cent. Waterways have the potential to revolutionise transport. It could contribute at least two per cent to the country’s GDP. Waterways are cheaper than rail and road, less polluting and result in fewer accidents. Government is also planning to introduce sea-planes, water buses, hovercrafts and floating hotels to connect coastal towns to boost waterway tourism.   Concerns expressed over the government’s plans: Opposition parties have expressed concerns over the Union government’s plans to turn 111 rivers across India into national waterways through National Waterways Act, 2016. 3 Concerns: the law's impact on the already drying rivers the law's impact on the rights of people and the power of the states to regulate the economy along the banks of these rivers Other concerns: Environmental issues and livelihood concerns that may crop up at a later stage With rivers drying up, artificially maintaining water levels in river canals will be challenging on many stretches The operations of a navigable river would alter the economics and ecology of the riverine system inalienably. It sets up competing demands on the stressed water levels with existing users, particularly farmers who need water for irrigation and drinking water demands.   What does making a navigable waterway require? It requires constant and steady water flow at a set minimal limit depending on the tonnage of weight to be shipped. This has to be managed artificially. The river has to operate like a canal. "This will involve the construction of locking barrages to hold water for vessel movement, concretisation and building of embankments to create port terminals, and regular (high-intensity) capital dredging of river sediment deposition along channel bottoms and margins." Requires huge private investments and participation: for funding such large scale operations What does the Environment Ministry say? The environment ministry says – It will support the Waterways plan and while dealing with "clearance issue", it will consider a “case-to-case basis" for clearances. Environmental feasibility of each stretch will be taken up only after detailed project reports are ready. Environment ministry to give piece-meal clearances to parts of a larger integrated project. Tough task ahead: Environment ministry is yet to conduct a river-to-river study. The environment ministry should also consider the impact of thermal power and hydropower plants or mining on particular river basins in a holistic manner. The reports and recommendations of the Environment Ministry have often been heavily critiqued and never binding on the government.   Environment versus Development - Has government overlooked environmental issues? All the above concerns and trade-offs have been treated by the government as a "clearance issue" that would be dealt with on a "project" basis. The law and policy for inland waterways end up treating the question of environmental and economic sustainability just as governments have previously dealt with questions over exploitation of natural resources- an issue to be overcome when the time arises. Case I: Hydropower projects in the Himalayas Early "potential" studies claimed more than 75,000 Mw was to be unlocked through several hundred dams. The idea, however, failed. Very little of that has materialised over the previous few decades with issues related to environment, livelihood and corruption, playing a central role in limiting the progress. Most of the hydropower projects that have come up for clearances have secured environment approvals only to face resistance and legal challenges later. Case II: Coal block auctions and allocations Supreme Court judgement gave the NDA opportunity to account for environmental concerns while auctioning and apportioning the blocks anew. That did not happen. Instead, maximising the revenue potential became the focus and now many blocks are caught yet again in issues of rights and environment. Will it be Case III? Will the inland waterways mega-project could go the same way? Connecting the Dots What are the socio-economic and environmental challenges associated with development of government’s proposed new national waterways? Suggest some suitable measures to address these challenges. Government has planned to turn 111 rivers across India into national waterways. However, it won't be smooth sailing for government's waterways plan. Elucidate.   MUST READ Losing the neighbourhood – Nepal, Sri Lanka, Maldives Hindu   The ghosts of Sykes-Picot Pact – Syrian War Hindu   Supreme Court’s judgment on criminal defamation is the latest illustration of a syndrome- Our punitive impulses are an expression of deep institutional failure. Indian Express Related Articles: Upholding Criminal Defamation   Parthasarathi Shome: Compassionate & palliative care- There is a wide gap between demand and supply in India Business Standard Related Articles: Significance of Palliative Care   Forget population, target quality of life- India's total fertility rate is rapidly declining, having gone down to 2.3 in 2013 (Sample Registration System) from 4.5 in 1985 (henceforth, all World Bank figures) Business Standard   The deliberative Indian- Beyond economic policy tussles, there are other examples of excessively durable deliberation and indecision Live Mint   Science ministry calls for research on energy efficient buildings- In an attempt to aid the Smart Cities mission, the ministry is looking to begin a programme to support R&D in the area of habitat energy efficiency Live Mint   The judiciary is shifting the balance of power-It is increasingly becoming the first port of call for solving all problems Live Mint Related Articles: India’s overburdened and understaffed Judiciary Supreme Court: Not a court of everyday appeals  

May 18, 2016 Important Articles

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May 18, 2016 PIB

IASbaba Press Information Bureau (PIB)- 9th May to 15th May, 2016

ARCHIVES   GS-2 New Division for Centre-State Relations in MEA (Topic: Functions and responsibilities of Union and the States, Coordination with Union and States) About- Ministry of External Affairs has set up a new division – “States Division” - in the Ministry in October 2014   Aim- To coordinate with States and Union Territories for further facilitation of their efforts to promote their exports and tourism and attract more overseas investments and expertise Division headed by- Joint Secretary, assisted by two Deputy Secretary level officers and supported by a section. Functions of the States Division- To coordinate facilitation of efforts of states in promoting their exports, tourism and attract more overseas investment and expertise. To coordinate facilitation of efforts in these areas between our Mission/Post(s) and State/Union Territories Governments as well as foreign diplomatic and trade missions in India. To assist States and Union Territories by sharing with them, where required, the Ministry's experience and expertise through training and capacity building in areas relating to external linkages relating to trade, investment, cultural and other such areas.   India–South Korea Pact for Development of Ports (Topic: (Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests) About- MoU was signed between the Ministry of Shipping of the Republic of India and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries of the Republic of Korea on Cooperation in Port related Industry Aim-           Cooperation for strengthening administrative Technical and human resources through exchanges To promote mutual benefits in the fields of port development and operation. MoU envisages- Cooperation in areas including sharing of technology and experiences in port development and operation and joint participation in port-related construction Building and engineering projects of mutual interest amongst others, by both the countries   India and WHO sign a landmark agreement for Global promotion of Traditional Systems of Medicine (Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests) About- Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India and the World Health Organization (WHO) have signed an historic Project Collaboration Agreement (PCA). Aim- Cooperation on promoting the quality, safety and effectiveness of service provision in traditional and complementary medicine PCA- It is titled as ‘Co-operation on promoting the quality, safety and effectiveness of service provision in traditional and complementary medicine between WHO and AYUSH, India, 2016-2020’ Aims to- Support WHO in the development and implementation of the ‘WHO Traditional and Complementary Medicine Strategy: 2014-2023’ and will contribute to the global promotion of traditional Indian Systems of Medicine. PCA for the period 2016-2020 will deliver for the first time WHO benchmark document for training in Yoga, and WHO benchmarks for practice in Ayurveda, Unani and Panchakarma Contribute significantly to the strengthening of national capacities in ensuring the quality, safety and effectiveness of traditional medicine including in establishing regulatory frameworks for traditional medicine products and practice and promote their integration in national healthcare systems.   Inter-Governmental Agreement between India and Mauritius on cooperation in cooperatives and related fields (Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests) About- Union Cabinet chaired by PM has given its approval for signing of an Inter-Governmental Agreement between India and Mauritius on cooperation in cooperatives and related fields. Duration- Five years after which it will be automatically extended for another five years. Aim- Provides for promoting cooperation through short and medium term programmes within the framework of the joint activities mentioned in the Agreement. Background- Government of Mauritius has shown keen Interest to develop Institutional Mechanism between Cooperative Development Fund (CDF) set up by it and National Cooperative Union of India (NCUI) so as to benefit from NCUI's experience in Cooperative Development. A joint meeting was held in September, 2012 in Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare followed by Ministerial level meeting after a year (in September, 2013) for discussing the possibility of signing an MoU between the two countries for- Exchange of legislation governing cooperatives Exchange of information and technicalities pertaining to the cooperative sector Establishment of institutional linkages and deputation of experts under ITEC programme   MoU between Securities and Exchange Board of India and Financial Services Regulatory Authority, Abu Dhabi for Mutual Co--operation and Technical Assistance (Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests) MoU promotes- Development of economic links and cooperation between the two signatories Help create conditions for development of securities markets in the two countries Contribute towards strengthening the information sharing framework between the two regulators   India and Mauritius sign the Protocol for amendment of the Convention for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and Capital Gains  (Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests) Key features of the Protocol are as under- Source-based taxation of capital gains on shares: India gets taxation rights on capital gains arising from alienation of shares acquired on or after 1st April, 2017 in a company resident in India with effect from financial year 2017-18, while simultaneously protection to investments in shares acquired before 1st April, 2017 has also been provided. In respect of such capital gains arising during the transition period from 1st April, 2017 to 31st March, 2019, the tax rate will be limited to 50% of the domestic tax rate of India, subject to the fulfillment of the conditions in the Limitation of Benefits Article. Taxation in India at full domestic tax rate will take place from financial year 2019-20 onwards. Limitation of Benefits (LOB) Benefit of 50% reduction in tax rate during the transition period from 1st April, 2017 to 31st March, 2019 shall be subject to LOB Article, whereby a resident of Mauritius (including a shell / conduit company) will not be entitled to benefits of 50% reduction in tax rate, if it fails the main purpose test and bonafide business test. A resident is deemed to be a shell/ conduit company, if its total expenditure on operations in Mauritius is less than Rs. 2,700,000 (Mauritian Rupees 1,500,000) in the immediately preceding 12 months. Source-based taxation of interest income of banks  Interest arising in India to Mauritian resident banks will be subject to withholding tax in India at the rate of 7.5% in respect of debt claims or loans made after 31st March, 2017. Interest income of Mauritian resident banks in respect of debt-claims existing on or before 31st March, 2017 shall be exempt from tax in India. Protocol provides for Updation of Exchange of Information Article as per international standard Provision for assistance in collection of taxes, source-based taxation of other income, amongst other changes.  Importance- Protocol will tackle the long pending issues of treaty abuse and round tripping of funds attributed to the India-Mauritius treaty, curb revenue loss, prevent double non-taxation, streamline the flow of investment and stimulate the flow of exchange of information between India and Mauritius. Improve transparency in tax matters and will help curb tax evasion and tax avoidance.   Quality Check of Imported Food Items (Topic: Quality check of food items)    Steps taken by FSSAI for quality control measure for imported food products which are Standards have been developed and regulations framed in different categories of food products and machinery created for their enforcement. Pre-arrival Documents Scrutiny (PADS) has been implemented in online Food Clearance System (FICS) from 02.02.2016 which is currently operational in all non-single window ports namely Chennai, Kolkatta and Tuticorin. Integrated Declaration form has been developed by Customs on the basis of inputs given by FSSAI. FSSAI has developed its Risk based import prioritization system and is in touch with Customs, Department of Revenue for its integration with their system. Reason for taking such steps- Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has informed that on the basis of International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN) alert received, the matter was taken up by the FSSAI with various State Governments. As per data available in the Food Import Clearance System (FICS), no import of plastic/synthetic rice has been noticed during last three years. State Governments have also informed that no incidence of imported plastic rice has been reported in their respective states. Instances of use of calcium carbide for ripening of fruits have been brought to the notice of the FSSAI through Action Taken Reports from the Food Safety Departments of the States/UTs. Regulation of Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restriction to Sales) Regulations, 2011 prohibits use of Calcium Carbide in ripening of fruits. Health hazards reported due to use of Calcium Carbide in ripening of fruits include carcinogenic effect, neurological disorders and stomach disorders.   Steps taken for checking the use of such practices include- All State/UT Governments have been well informed about the harmful effects of calcium carbide as well as the methodology for detection of Acetylene in godowns and storage chambers. All Commissioners of Food Safety have informed about the permitted concentration of ethylene for ripening of fruits Increase  public awareness  regarding “consuming fruits ripened artificially by Calcium Carbide may pose health problems’   Economic and Social Development through Sports’ (Topic: Government schemes and policies for development of youth’s) About- Ministry of Youth Affairs and the Sports Authority of India are implementing a number of schemes aiming at mass participation in sports and achieving excellence in sports for development of youth in the country. Major schemes implemented- Rashtriya Yuva Sashaktikaran Karyakaram, National Service Scheme, Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Scheme of Assistance to National Assistance Federations, National Sports Development Fund, Scheme of Human Resource Development in Sports, Scheme of Special Cash Awards for Winners of medals in international sports events and their coaches, Scheme of Pension to Meritorious Sportspersons, Scheme of National Sports Awards-> Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, Arjuna Awards, Dronacharya Awards, Dhyanchand Awards Scheme of Sports & Games for Persons with Disabilities. New scheme, Khelo India- National Program for Development of Sports, which comprises of 3 major components, namely- Annual Competitions + Talent Search + Sports Infrastructure   Major schemes being implemented by Sports Authority of India (SAI) are- National Sports Talent Contest (NSTC) + Army Boys Sports Companies (ABSC) + Special Area Games (SAG) + SAI Training Centres (STC) + Centres of Excellence (COX) and SAI National Sports Academies Outcome of 2nd meeting of All India Council of Sports (AICS)- Suggested that Indian Olympic Association (IOA) and National Sports Federations (NSFs) should arrange for medical insurance scheme for its national medal winners and international sportspersons. It was decided in the meeting of AICS to take up the proposal with IOA and NSFs to provide medical insurance coverage to all national medal winners and international sportspersons. No proposal at present on the part of the Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports for providing medical insurance to national/international level sportspersons of the country, as sportspersons undergoing training at coaching camps organized at   Future of Work in India and Young People’s Aspirations (Topic: Youth development) About- Ministry of Labour and Employment, V.V. Giri National Labour Institute and International Labour Organization are organizing an event on “The Future of Work in India and Young People’s Aspiration”. Focus on-                   India’s youth and their aspirations in the world of work. Highlight both challenges in the labour market and how youth can be an agent of change Youth opportunity- World of work is undergoing a major process of change, there are several forces transforming it, from the onward march of technology and the impact of climate change to the changing character of production and employment, and demographics to name a few. At the same time, the youth of India are facing an exciting period of change and new opportunities. With higher levels of education, access to information and awareness of the world around them, young people across the country are seeking to make the transition from school to work and contribute to the country’s development through employment and entrepreneurship. It is necessary to understand and to respond effectively to new challenges in the world of work in order to be able to advance social justice.   Cabinet approves National Intellectual Property Rights Policy (Topic: National Intellectual Property Rights Policy) About- Union Cabinet approved the National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy that will lay the future roadmap for intellectual property in India. Policy recognises- Abundance of creative and innovative energies that flow in India, and the need to tap into and channelize these energies towards a better and brighter future for all. Aim- To create and exploit synergies between all forms of intellectual property (IP) concerned statutes and agencies. Sets in place an institutional mechanism for implementation, monitoring and review To incorporate and adapt global best practices to the Indian scenario Policy shall weave in the strengths of-> Government + Research and development organizations + Educational institutions + Corporate entities including MSMEs + Start-ups and other stakeholders in the creation of an innovation-conducive environment Stimulates creativity and innovation across sectors, as also facilitates a stable, transparent and service-oriented IPR administration in the country. Broad contours of the National IPR Policy are as follows- Vision Statement- An India where creativity and innovation are stimulated by Intellectual Property for the benefit of all An India where intellectual property promotes advancement in science and technology, arts and culture, traditional knowledge and biodiversity resources An India where knowledge is the main driver of development, and knowledge owned is transformed into knowledge shared. Mission Statement: Stimulate a dynamic, vibrant and balanced intellectual property rights system in India to foster creativity and innovation and thereby, promote entrepreneurship and enhance socio-economic and cultural development Focus on enhancing access to healthcare, food security and environmental protection, among other sectors of vital social, economic and technological importance. Objectives: IPR Awareness: Outreach and Promotion - To create public awareness about the economic, social and cultural benefits of IPRs among all sections of society. Generation of IPRs - To stimulate the generation of IPRs Legal and Legislative Framework - To have strong and effective IPR laws, which balances the interests of rights owners with larger public interest Administration and Management - To modernize and strengthen service-oriented IPR administration Commercialization of IPRs - Get value for IPRs through commercialization. Enforcement and Adjudication - To strengthen the enforcement and adjudicatory mechanisms for combating IPR infringements. Human Capital Development - To strengthen and expand human resources, institutions and capacities for teaching, training, research and skill building in IPRs. National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy will endeavour for a “Creative India; Innovative India”   GS-3 General Framework Agreement on Renewable Energy Cooperation (About- Renewable energy) About- Union Cabinet chaired by PM was apprised of a General Framework Agreement (GFA) on Renewable Energy Cooperation between India and United Arab Emirates (UAE). GFA signed on- 11th February this year during the state visit of Crown Prince of UAE Objective of GFA- To establish the basis for a framework through which-> Extensive projects + Investments + Other forms of commercial endeavours + Cooperation in research and development in renewable and clean energy + Knowledge sharing platforms could be enacted on the basis of mutual benefit + Quality and reciprocity between the Parties. Cooperation between-> India and UAE in the field of new and renewable energy technologies. Provide opportunity for-> Exploring potential renewable energy projects for investments Continue cooperating in-> International Solar Alliance Exploring avenues of cooperation in-> Research + Development in renewable Developing-> Knowledge sharing mechanisms through which to build upon the human capital of the Parties Exploring establishing-> Joint fund between the Parties to facilitate investment forms of cooperation as mutually agreed by the Parties.   Strengthening the security on borders with Pakistan, China and Bangladesh (About- Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organised crime with terrorism) About- Government has adopted multi-pronged strategy to strengthen the security on borders with Pakistan, China and Bangladesh Inter-alia includes- Area domination Round the clock surveillance & patrolling on the borders Establishment of Border Out Posts (BoPs) Construction of border roads Upgradation of intelligence set up and closes interaction with local Force multipliers High-Tech surveillance equipment to enhance the surveillance of border Deployment of technological solutions on pilot project has been approved Cross Border Terrorism-   India and Pakistan- Continued cross border terrorism against India emanating from-> Territory under Pakistan’s control remains a core concern for the country. India has repeatedly called upon Pakistan-> To abide by its commitment made and repeated on several occasions at the highest level for not allowing territory under its control for aiding and abetting in any manner terrorism directed against India. It has also been stressed that Pakistan should take determined action-> To dismantle terrorist infrastructure on the territory under its control.   India and Bangladesh- India and Bangladesh have-> various institutional mechanisms in the area of security cooperation. Regular interaction between-> Border Guarding Forces of the two Countries. Cross border issues have been taken up at-> various bilateral levels. Government of Bangladesh has assured that-> no anti-India activities would be allowed in its soil and has followed a policy of zero tolerance towards terrorism and extremism.   India and China- India and China have, on several occasions, reiterated their resolute opposition to terrorism in all its forum and manifestations. India-China cooperation in counter terrorism includes-> Exchange of views + Information on terrorism affecting the two countries.   Environment Minister launches Web-Based Application on Integrated Waste Management System  (Topic: Waste management) About- Government has launched a web-based application on Integrated Waste Management System (IWMS) – www.iwms.nic.in for better management of waste. Aim- Provide an opportunity to-> All the industries dealing in hazardous waste, to apply online. To enhance transparency in the working of-> Ministry and other Centre/State level regulatory bodies To reduce time taken for-> Processing applications + Seeking various types of permissions under the recently notified waste management regulations. To being a single window access-> Application is expected to expedite the way the permission is granted and way the analysis could be done not only for authorization and consents, but also for import/export permission under the rules. Key benefits of the web-based application include Availability of State-wise and national database on generation of various types of waste and number of waste generating/ processing industrial units in the country at one place. Help the authorities further to identify the problem areas and plan accordingly. Will bring more transparency in the functioning of the Ministry and other State Authorities. Conversion of the current legacy paper house to a green office i.e. a virtual office moving ahead with all its relevant required data on its own private cloud. Single Window Access - Bridging the gap between industries and other waste generators + Recyclers + Operators of disposal facilities + State Pollution Control Board (SPCBs)/Pollution Control Committees (PCCSs) + Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) + Municipalities and the concerned ministries for environmentally sound waste management of such wastes. Quick decision on applications by the authorities; earlier, it was arduous and time-taking, due to need of physical movement of the papers Better coordination and availability of information with the User Agencies (entrepreneurs/industries), Central and State authorities that will further help in achieving the objectives of ‘Ease of Doing Businesses’ and Make in India’, significantly. Encapsulation of all the information from state bodies and provide consolidated information at one place, which will help the Central and State authorities for effective monitoring. Phase- II (upgraded version) of the (IWMS) is expected to encompass generation of annual report from the annual return filed by the industries and other stakeholders for various type of waste generated in the country. Upgraded version will provide customized GIS based information on waste management in the country. GIS maps will be generated and integrated with underlying information to provide an excellent visual outlook to the available data.   Conservation of natural resources (Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment) National Mineral Policy (NMP), 2008 states that- Augmentation of reserve base through improvement in mining methods Beneficiation and utilisation of low grade ore Recovery of associated minerals All mining shall be undertaken within the parameters of a comprehensive Sustainable Development Framework which, inter-alia includes guiding principles for a miner to leave the mining area in a better ecological condition after mining and for optimum utilization of the country’s natural mineral resources IBM carries out periodical inspections of mines to monitor conservation of minerals, systematic and scientific mining and protection of environment in the leasehold areas of minerals other than minor minerals, coal and atomic minerals.   Environment Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 on 14th September, 2006 under the provisions of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986-   It is to- Regulate the grant of environment clearance for various projects including mining projects. Impact on environment due to mining project is assessed by an EIA study. Based on the same, Environmental Management Plan is prepared which is considered and the Environment Clearance is granted stipulating conditions to regulate impact on environment due to the project. Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980- Stipulates appropriate mitigation measures, such as, creation and maintenance of compensatory afforestation, realization of Net Present Value of the diverted forest land, implementation of wildlife conservation plan (wherever required), phased reclamation of mined out area, demarcation of boundary of mining lease etc. Safeguards are in place to ensure that approvals under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 for diversion of forest land for mining are accorded only after ascertaining that the area of forest land to be diverted is bare minimum and its diversion for non-forest purpose/mining is unavoidable. Government has not set up/ does not propose to set up any constitutional mechanism for conservation of natural resources in the country.   Approval of National Hydrology Project for Flood Forecasts  (Topic: Disaster management) About- Govt. has approved the National Hydrology Project under Central Sector Scheme as an Externally Aided Project with support from the World Bank NHP National Hydrology Project (NHP) envisages establishing a system for timely and reliable water resources data acquisition, storage, collation and management. Facilitate informed decision making through Decision Support Systems (DSS) for water resources assessment, flood management, reservoir operations, drought management, etc. Under the Project, it is proposed to build capacity of the State and Central sector organizations in water resources management through the use of Information Systems and adoption of State-of-the-art technologies like Remote Sensing. Phase-wise break­ up of the project- Stage-1: For duration of 4 years Stage-2: For duration of 4 years It is a people and farmer centric programme as information on water will help in predicting water availability and help farmers to plan their crops and other farm related activities Government has Identified Three Areas for use of Information Technology (IT) in Fisheries (Topic: Science and technology- developments and their applications effects in everyday life) About- Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare has identified three areas for use of Information Technology (IT) in fisheries. Three areas namely – Dissemination of information to marine fishers on Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) Weather assessment, forecasting & forewarning and Real time monitoring and tracking of fishing vessels. INCIOS- Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) presently provides the "Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) Advisories" using satellite data and Geographic Information System (GIS). Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) advisories are disseminated through Electronic Display Boards installed at fishing harbours/fish landing centers/ fishing hamlets/fishermen cooperative societies, local cable TV networks, radio, INCOIS web site, email, Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS), mobile applications viz. Fisher Friend Mobile Application (FFMA) etc. Dissemination of fishery related information is also being done through web based media networks like mKRISHI, NeGPA and other web portals including social media. Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Development of Marine Fisheries, Infrastructure and Post Harvest Operations provides financial assistance for supply of safety kit consisting of GPS, Communication equipment, echo-sounder and search and rescue beacon to fishermen.   Schemes to Improve the Condition of Cooperative Milk Federations and to Promote Milk Production in the Country (Topic: Food processing industry in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management) Aim- To improve the condition of cooperative milk federations and to promote milk production in the country Following schemes implemented- National Dairy Plan (Phase-I) Implemented through- National Dairy Development Board Objectives of Phase I- To help increase the productivity of milch animals and thereby increase milk production to meet the rapidly growing demand for milk. To help provide rural milk producers with greater access to the organized milk-processing sector. Nation Programme for Bovine Breeding and Dairy Development- Merger four existing schemes- Intensive Dairy Development Programme (IDDP) + Strengthening Infrastructure for Quality & Clean Milk Production (SIQ&CMP) + Assistance to Cooperatives and National Project for Cattle & Buffalo Breeding. Objective- To enhance productivity of milch animals and create dairy infrastructure for improved procurement, processing and marketing of milk. Provision for rehabilitation assistance to improve the condition of sick milk cooperatives Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme- Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme (DEDS) is implemented from September, 2010 through National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) across the country. Aim- To generate self-employment opportunities in the dairy sector, covering activities such as enhancement of milk production, procurement, preservation, transportation, processing and marketing of milk by providing back ended capital subsidy at 25% of the project cost to the General Category (@33.33% of the project cost to SC/ST category) farmers/beneficiaries for bankable projects through NABARD subject to the norms of the scheme Steps to curb the menace of Black Money (About-Money laundering and its prevention)   About- Government has taken various decisions and steps to curb the menace of black money both within and outside the country in last two years. Some of the major decisions and actions taken- Sustained steps taken for curbing black money-  A new Black Money Acthas been enacted with strict penalty provisions. Special Investigation Team has been constituted which is chaired by ex-Supreme Court Judge Justice M.B. Shah A new Income Disclosure Scheme is formulated for domestic black money Enhanced enforcement measures have resulted in un-earthing of tax evasionof approximately Rs 50,000 Crore of indirect taxes and undisclosed income of Rs 21,000 Crore (Prov.) Value of goods seizedon account of smuggling activities has increased to Rs 3,963 Crore in the last two years (32% increase over corresponding two previous years) Prosecutionhas been launched in 1466 cases as against 1169 cases in the previous two years (25% increase)   Amendments made in Prevention of Money-laundering Act, 2002, via Finance Act, 2015- Definition of proceeds of crime under PMLA has been amended to enable attachment and confiscation of equivalent asset in India where the asset located abroad cannot be forfeited. Section 8(8) has been inserted in PMLA providing for restoring confiscated property or part thereof, on the directions of Special Court to claimants with a legitimate interest in the property, who may have suffered a quantifiable loss as a result of the offences of money laundering. Section 132 of Customs Act which deals with offence relating to false declaration / documents in the transaction of any business relating to Customs has been made predicate offence under PMLA to curb trade based money laundering Offence of wilful attempt to evade any tax, penalty or interest referred to in section 51 of the Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Act, 2015 has been made a scheduled offence under PMLA.    Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), 1999 has been amended vide Finance Act, 2015. Amendments provide for seizure and confiscation of value equivalent, situated in India, in case any person is found to have acquired any foreign exchange, foreign security or immovable property, situated outside India, in contravention of Section 4 of FEMA Pact with other countries regarding money laundering and terror funding (About- Money laundering and its prevention) About- Financial Intelligence Unit - India (FIU-IND) has signed MoU with 30 counterpart FIUs of other countries. FIU-IND- Also a member of Egmont Group of FIUs, an international organization with a membership of 151 FIUs Aim- Sharing the information pertaining to money laundering and terror funding. Participation with other countries to control money laundering- India is also a member of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), an intergovernmental body which makes recommendations relating to combating money laundering, terrorist financing and serious tax offences. India participates in various regional/global meetings to put India’s position with regard to steps taken to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.