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DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 21st February 2022

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Permanent Indus Commission Part of: Prelims and GS-II International relations  Context: A 10-member Indian delegation will visit Pakistan for the annual meeting of the Permanent Indus Commission. For the first time, three women officers will also be part of the Indian delegation. Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) was signed by India and Pakistan in 1960.  Under the treaty, India has full use of the three “eastern” rivers (Beas, Ravi, Sutlej), while Pakistan has control over the three “western” rivers (Indus, Chenab, Jhelum), although India is given rights to use these partially as well for certain purposes.  Permanent Indus Commission (PIC) PIC is a bilateral commission consisting of officials from India and Pakistan. Objective: To implement and manage the goals, objectives and outlines of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) which was signed in kuSeptember 1960 with World Bank standing guarantee for any dispute resolution. News Source: TH Synthetic biology Part of: Prelims and GS-III  Science and technology  Context: The 70-page ‘compilation’ document was recently released by the central government. The government is working on a national policy on synthetic biology which is an emerging science that deals with engineering life forms for a wide range of applications from making designer medicines to foods. Key takeaways  The document lays out the state of synthetic biology internationally with respect to research and development and the involvement of the private sector, globally, in dealing with synthetic biology. As part of the 12th Five-Year Plan, India had set up a task force on systems biology and synthetic biology research in 2011. This body underlined the potential benefits from synthetic biotechnology in biofuels, bioremediation, biosensors, food and health. It also strongly recommended for this technology. However, Parliament is yet to clear the Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India Bill, 2013, that could have included framework for synthetic biology.  Synthetic biology Synthetic biology refers to the science of using genetic sequencing, editing, and modification to create unnatural organisms or organic molecules that can function in living systems. It enables scientists to design and synthesise new sequences of DNA from scratch. It is also seen as one of the top 10 breakthrough technologies as part of the “new industrial revolution” that are “most likely to change the world”. Regulation of both the benefits and risks is important. The current laws and regulations framework often fail to fully adapt to the evolving possibilities of synthetic biology. Instances of application: use of gene editing systems such as CRISPR that allow defective genes in animals, plants and even people to be silenced, or changed, and control biological outcomes. News Source: TH Active Galactic Nuclei Part of: Prelims and GS-III Space  Context: A roughly dough-nut-shaped cloud of cosmic dust and gas covering a huge black hole at the center of a galaxy Messier 77, which is similar in size to the Milky Way, was recently observed. The observation is providing scientists with new clarity about the universe's most energetic objects. Key takeaways  Their recent observations lend support to predictions made three decades ago about “active galactic nuclei”. It also provided strong support for the “unified model” of active galactic nuclei.  This model holds that all active galactic nuclei are basically the same but that some have different properties. Active galactic nuclei These are places at the centres of many large galaxies that have tremendous luminosity which sometimes outshine all of a galaxy's billions of stars combined and produce the universe's most energetic outbursts. The energy arises from gas violently falling into a supermassive black hole that is surrounded by a cloud of tiny particles of rock and soot along with mostly hydrogen gas. Black holes Black holes are extraordinarily dense objects possessing gravitational pulls so powerful even light cannot escape them.  Supermassive black holes, which reside at the centre of many galaxies, including Milky Way, are the largest of them. Messier 77 Messier 77, also called NGC 1068 or the Squid Galaxy, is located 47 million light years (9.5 trillion km) from the Earth in the constellation Cetus.  Its supermassive black hole has a mass roughly 10 million times greater than our sun. News Source: TH (News from PIB) Lavender Cultivation as a part of Purple Revolution Part of: Prelims and Mains GS-2: Government policies and intervention In News: ‘Lavender Cultivation’ under CSIR-IIIM’s Aroma Mission to be started in Ramban as a part of Purple Revolution. Aroma Mission The Aroma Mission is envisaged to bring transformative change in the aroma sector through desired interventions in the areas of agriculture, processing and product development for fuelling the growth of aroma industry and rural employment. Objectives:  To promote the cultivation of aromatic crops for essential oils. To enable Indian farmers and the aroma industry to become global leaders. To provide benefits to the farmers in achieving higher profits, utilization of waste lands and protection of their crops from wild and grazing animals. Provided employment to women farmers Nodal Agencies: CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow. Aromatic Plants include  Lavender Damask rose Mushk bala, etc. Projects include Lavender oil which sells for at least Rs. 10,000 per litre Lavender water, which separates from lavender oil, is used to make incense sticks. Hydrosol, which is formed after distillation from the flowers, is used to make soaps and room fresheners. Coverage: The project assured benefits to the growers of Vidarbha, Bundelkhand, Gujarat, Marathwada, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and other states where farmers are exposed to frequent episodes of weather extremes and account for maximum suicides. Outcomes: Bring about 5500 ha of additional area under captive cultivation aromatic cash crops particularly targeting rain-fed /degraded land across the country Provide technical and infrastructural support for distillation and values-addition to farmers/growers all over the country Enabling effective buy-back mechanisms to assure remunerative prices to the farmers/growers Value-addition to essential oils and aroma ingredients for their integration in global trade and economy’ Update:  During Phase-I CSIR helped cultivation on 6000 hectares of land and covered 46 Aspirational districts across the country. More than 44,000 persons have been trained and several crores of farmers’ revenue generated.  In the second Phase of Aroma Mission, it is proposed to engage over 45,000 skilled human resources with the aim of benefitting more than 75,000 farming families across the country. News Source: PIB FPOs to Play Key Role in Making India Millet Hub of the World Part of: Prelims and Mains GS-2: Government policies and intervention Context: The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution sponsored by India and supported by over 70 nations declaring 2023 as the ‘International Year of Millets’, aimed at raising awareness about the health benefits of the grain and its suitability for cultivation under changing climatic conditions. About Millets Millets are coarse grains and a repository of protein, fibre, vitamins and minerals.  They include jowar (sorghum), ragi (finger millet), korra (foxtail millet), arke (kodo millet), sama (little millet), bajra (pearl millet), chena/barr (proso millet) and sanwa (barnyard millet). Millets were one of the oldest foods known to humans. But they were discarded in favour of wheat and rice with urbanization and industrialization India is their largest global producer, with a 41% market share, and a compound annual growth rate of 4.5% is projected for the global millet market in the coming decade.  What are their nutritional benefits? Millets are extremely nutritious and good for health and they also need less water and can stored for years, as they have a long shelf life. Millets make for a perfect healthy meal. They are loaded with high amount of starch and proteins, which can be beneficial, if added to the daily diet. These little grains are a powerhouse of nutrition, which help in improving heart health and can effectively reduce coronary blockage. It is enriched with the goodness of magnesium, which can effectively reduce blood pressure and risk of stroke and heart attacks. Millets are a rich source of magnesium, which help in stimulating the level of insulin, thereby increasing the efficiency of glucose receptors in the body, which further helps in maintaining a healthy balance of sugar level in the body. Rich in fibre, millets make for a healthy cereal, which can help in digestion and can relieve bowel issues. Millets are loaded with the components such as curcumin, ellagic acid, Quercetin and catechins, which further help in removing foreign agents and free radicals and balance the enzymatic reactions in the body. These can naturally detoxify the blood. What are the advantages with Millets? 1. Climate Resilience Being hardy crops, they can withstand extreme temperatures, floods and droughts.  They also help mitigate the effects of climate change through their low carbon footprint of 3,218-kg CO2 equivalent per hectare, as compared to wheat and rice, with 3,968kg and 3,401kg, respectively, on the same measure. 2. Restoration of ecosystems and sustainability:  Land degradation has been a major problem in India, causing massive economic losses year after year. Drought-tolerant crops, like millets, with low dependence on chemical inputs would put far less pressure on ecosystems. The inter-cropping of millets with other crops is especially beneficial because the fibrous roots of millet plants help in improving soil quality, keep water run-off in check and aid soil conservation in erosion-prone areas, thereby restoring natural ecosystems. 3. Biofuel and Ethanol Blending In June 2021, government set a target of achieving 20% ethanol blending with petrol by 2025. Most bio-ethanol in India is produced using sugar molasses and maize.  However, a study conducted among farmers in Madhya Pradesh showed that bio-ethanol can be created using sorghum (jowar) and pearl millet (bajra), and that this fuel could bring down carbon emissions by about half. Estimates also suggest that millets can deliver greater returns than maize, while using 40% less energy in processing. Millets also offer a significant cost advantage over maize as a feedstock for bio-ethanol production. 4. A cultural connection:  The cultivation of millets is deep-rooted in Indian culture.  Organizations like Deccan Development Society have formed women’s collectives in Telangana and are promoting millets through a culture-centric approach.  Such crop sensitization has filtered into urban settings too. In 2018, the #LetsMilletCampaign in Bengaluru saw the use of millets in dishes such as risotto and pizza by restaurateurs.  5. Helps address Sustainable DGs:  Millets can play a role in India’s sustainability policy interventions. Contemporary research developments have shed light on the influence of millets on energy optimization, climate resilience and ecosystem restoration.  Millet farming has led to women’s empowerment, too. The Odisha Millet Mission, for example, saw 7.2 million women emerge as ‘agri-preneurs’. What are the concerns with Millets growth? A rise in incomes and urbanization has reduced the demand for millets Inadequate government policies. Unjust pricing for farmers due to intermediaries. Lack of input subsidies and price incentives. Procurement and subsidised supply of rice & wheat through the PDS has made farmers shift from millets to these crops. Millets being used for various purposes other than for consumption.  News Source: PIB Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Part of: GS-1: Modern Indian History; Important personalities In News:  Born on 19th February, 1630 at Shivneri Fort in District Pune; born to Shahaji Bhonsle, a Maratha general who held the jagirs of Pune and Supe under the Bijapur Sultanate and Jijabai, a pious woman whose religious qualities had a profound influence on him. 1645: Got control of the Torna Fort which was under Bijapur. Also, acquired the Kondana Fort. Both these forts were under Adil Shah of Bijapur. Battle of Pratapgarh in 1659: Shivaji’s forces vanquished the Bijapur Sultanate’s army Aurangzeb sent Raja jai Singh of Amber, who besieged Purander fort →  Treaty of Purander, 1665 Shivaji surrendered 23 / 35 forts to Mughals and said to be loyal to Mughal empire It was agreed that Shivaji would meet Aurangzeb at Agra. Shivaji also agreed to send his son Sambhaji as well. At Agra in 1666, when Shivaji went to meet the Mughal emperor, the Maratha warrior felt he was insulted by Aurangzeb and stormed out of the court. He was arrested and kept prisoner. The clever escape of Shivaji and his son from imprisonment in disguise out of Agra is a legendary tale even today. In 1674, Shivaji recaptured all his lost territory & crowned himself at Raigarh assuming the title of Chhtrapati, Shakakarta, Kshatriya Kulavantas and Haindava Dharmodhhaarak. 3 April 1680 at Raigad: Death Shivaji: Considered a master of the guerrilla warfare Kanhoji Angre, his admiral, is called the ‘Father of Indian Navy’. Battles Battle of Pratapgad, 1659: Fought at the fort of Pratapgad near the town of Satara, Maharashtra, between the forces of the Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and the Adilshahi general Afzal Khan. Battle of Pavan Khind, 1660: Fought at a mountain pass in the vicinity of fort Vishalgad, near the city of Kolhapur, Maharashtra, between the Maratha Sardar Baji Prabhu Deshpande and Siddi Masud of Adilshahi. Sacking of Surat, 1664: Fought near the city of Surat, Gujarat, between Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and Inayat Khan, a Mughal captain. Battle of Sinhagad, 1670: Fought on the fort of Sinhagad near the city of Pune, Maharashtra between Tanaji Malusare, a commander of Maratha ruler Shivaji Maharaj and Udaybhan Rathod, fortkeeper under Jai Singh I who was a Mughal Army Chief. Battle of Kalyan, 1682-83: Bahadur Khan of the Mughal Empire defeated the Maratha army and took over Kalyan. Battle of Sangamner, 1679: Fought between the Mughal Empire and Maratha Empire. This was the last battle in which the Maratha King Shivaji fought. MISCELLANEOUS International Mother Language Day: 21st February every year, to promote awareness of linguistic and cultural diversity and to promote multilingualism. The theme of 2022 is: “Using technology for multilingual learning: Challenges and opportunities” Host for 2023 International Olympic Committee Session: India Devi Ahiliyabai Holker The hereditary noble Queen of the Maratha Empire, India. Khanderao Holkar, Ahilyabai's husband, was killed at the Battle of Kumher in 1754.  Her father-in-law, Malhar Rao Holkar, died twelve years later, after which she took over the affairs of the Holkar fief a year later. She attempted to defend her homeland against looting invaders and personally led armies into battle. Ahilyabai was a great pioneer and builder of Hindu temples and built hundreds of temples and Dharmashalas throughout India. Her greatest achievement was to rebuild the Kashi Vishwanath Temple in 1776, which was dedicated to Shiva; the presiding deity of the city of Varanasi, one of the holiest Hindu sites of pilgrimage that had been plundered, desecrated, demolished & converted into Gyanvapi Mosque on the orders of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in 1669. Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Award: for Best Private Sector Organization/Public Sector Undertaking in promoting the well-being and welfare of women. Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure  Context: The Government of India has undertaken multiple initiatives to promote the manufacturing and adoption of electric vehicles in the country. With the considerable expansion in the public EV charging infrastructure, the electric vehicles have started penetrating the Indian market. Efforts by government results in 2.5 times increase in charging stations in 9 mega cities in last four months Additional installation of 678 public EV charging stations between October 2021 to January 2022 in these 9 cities Currently 9 cities account for about 940 of India's 1640 public EV chargers 22,000 EV charging stations to be set up by Oil Marketing Companies across the country in prominent cities and highways (Mains Focus) INTERNATIONAL / ECONOMY GS-2: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests CEPA between India and the UAE Context: On February 18, 2022, India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) inked a trade pact, Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) during a virtual summit led by Indian PM and Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi. What is the India-UAE CEPA about?  The Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement is a bilateral trade pact that will cover over a period of time 90% of India’s exports.  This will include leather, processed agriculture and dairy products, handicrafts, gems and jewellery, furniture, pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, engineering products and nearly the entire spectrum of items produced by the Indian economy.  Apart from the goods sector, it will also include the services sector. The services sector is expected to boom by $15 billion in the coming five years. The deal has strong anti-dumping measures integrated into it which will prevent any country from dumping its products into the Indian market by using the route of the UAE.  The document has very strong rules of origin clauses that will disallow any country to export goods to India taking advantage of relaxed tariff on the Indian side. It India wants 40% value addition into a product from a third country before it could be exported to India through UAE. How will the trade pact benefit India-UAE economic ties?  India-UAE economic ties are marked by the flow of remittances from the oil rich Gulf country to India.  The country hosts at least 3 million Indians who work in diverse sectors of the economy of the Emirates and provides it with vital manpower support at all levels.  In 2019, India received $83 billion from the Gulf region. The figure was marginally affected in 2020 when large number of Indian workers returned home because of pandemic related economic distress. The India-UAE economic relation at present is shaped by the remittances that remain much greater than the $60 billion bilateral trade.  The remittances are expected to rise with full economic recovery of the UAE’s post-pandemic economy. The FTA will also increase remittances as Indian investments in UAE will bring Indian employees into the Gulf country. Why did PM Modi refer to the western Quad?  The western Quad consisting of Israel, India, UAE and the United States has been a regional factor ever since it was convened in October 2021 which was followed by a ministerial meeting of the four countries.  The western quad is marked by the diplomatic breakthroughs between Israel and the UAE which recently hosted Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett.  It is understood that UAE as part of its post pandemic recovery plans is planning to revitalise its trade links with the region from the Mediterranean coast to Turkey on one hand and India and South Asia on the other.  USA and the UAE are among the biggest trading partners of India, and Israel is among the top technology support providers for India. All four are connected by currents of security and trade.  What will be the immediate outputs of the FTA?   The FTA will allow goods from UAE, especially the famed dates of UAE to enter India.  Most of the Indian exports similarly will benefit from the “zero tariff” that UAE is expected to grant.  This move will allow increased visibility of Indian products in the UAE. The reduction in tariff for Indian jewellery and gems will allow it to enter the UAE in greater volume.  How is the CEPA different from other such trade agreements India is negotiating with countries like Australia?  Most of the other agreements are expected to be “early harvest agreements” or interim agreements till both sides conclude the final agreement in a comprehensive manner.  The India-UAE FTA however is comprehensive in nature to highlight the vast scope of items that will come under it.  Early harvest agreements are expected to include goods and products. But the CEPA will have a greater spread of both goods as well as services.  When will the agreement come into effect?  Though the signing of the agreement took place on February 18, it is not likely to come into force immediately as UAE has not yet completed the necessary official procedures on its end.  This process will take 60 days at least and India has expressed hope that CEPA will be in the phase of implementation after May 1.  Connecting the dots: Western QUAD  QUAD (India-Australia-Japan-USA) AUKUS POLITY/ GOVERNANCE GS-2: Judiciary Sealed Cover Jurisprudence Context: Recently, Kerala High Court’s verdict upheld the transmission ban on Malayalam news channel MediaOne, imposed by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, after the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) denied the channel security clearance.  The High Court’s decision was based entirely on assessment of documents presented by the MHA in a sealed cover, “the contents of which were not shared” with the news channel. What is sealed cover jurisprudence?   It is a practice used by the Supreme Court and sometimes lower courts, of asking for or accepting information from government agencies in sealed envelopes that can only be accessed by judges.  While a specific law does not define the doctrine of sealed cover, the Supreme Court derives its power to use it from Rule 7 of order XIII of the Supreme Court Rules and Section 123 of the Indian Evidence Act of 1872.  It is stated under the said rule that if the Chief Justice or court directs certain information to be kept under sealed cover, no party would be allowed access to the contents of such information.  It also mentions that information can be kept confidential if its publication is not considered to be in the interest of the public.  As for the Evidence Act, official unpublished documents relating to state affairs are protected and a public officer cannot be compelled to disclose such documents.  Other instances where information may be sought in secrecy or confidence is when its publication impedes an ongoing investigation, such as details which are part of the police’s case diary; or breaches the privacy of an individual.  When has it been done in the past?   Sealed cover jurisprudence has been frequently employed by courts in the recent past.  In the case pertaining to the controversial Rafale fighter jet deal, a Bench headed by Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi in 2018, had asked the Centre to submit details related to deal’s decision making and pricing in a sealed cover.  This was done as the Centre had contended that such details were subject to the Official Secrets Act and Secrecy clauses in the deal.  In the matters related to the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam, the supreme court mandated coordinator of the NRC, Prateek Hajela, was asked by the apex court to submit period reports in sealed cover, which could neither be accessed by the government nor the petitioners.  In the case where CBI’s former director Alok Verma and the national agency’s former special director Rakesh Asthana had made counter allegations of corruption against one another, the Supreme Court had asked the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) to submit its preliminary report in a sealed cover.  In the 2014 BCCI reforms case, the probe committee of the cricket body had submitted its report to the Supreme Court in a sealed envelope, asking it not to make public the names of nine cricketers who were suspected of a match and spot fixing scam.  In the Bhima Koregaon case, in which activists were arrested under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act, the Supreme Court had relied on information submitted by the Maharashtra police in a sealed cover. The police had stated that this information could not be disclosed to the accused as it would impede the ongoing investigation.  Information submitted by state agencies in a sealed cover was also relied upon in the 2G and coal scam cases, the Ramjanmabhoomi case, the high-profile case pertaining to the death of judge BH Loya, as well as the 2019 case pertaining to the release of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s biopic around the national elections.  What is the criticism and what do the courts say?   Critics of this practice contend that it is not favorable to the principles of transparency and accountability of the Indian justice system, standing in contrast to the idea of an open court, where decisions can be subjected to public scrutiny .  It is also said to enlarge the scope for arbitrariness in court decisions, as judges are supposed to lay down reasoning for their decisions, but this cannot be done when they are based upon information submitted confidentially.  It is considered as the violation of rights to fair adjudication whereby the applicant does not get to know the contents of the sealed cover. Basing the verdict on sealed or secret documents went against “the basic principles of natural justice”. The said principle mandates that in any process of adjudication, especially one that involves fundamental rights, evidence “must be shared with both parties to the dispute.” What is further contested is whether the state should be granted such a privilege to submit information in secrecy, when existing provisions like in-camera hearings already provide sufficient protection to sensitive information.  Besides, it is argued that not providing access to such documents to the accused parties obstructs their passage to a fair trial and adjudication.  In the 2019 judgment in the case of P Gopalakrishnan V. The State of Kerala, the Supreme Court had said that disclosure of documents to the accused is constitutionally mandated, even if the investigation is ongoing and said documents may lead to breakthrough in the investigation.  In the INX Media case in 2019, while granting bail to Congress leader P. Chidambaram, a Bench of the Supreme Court had criticised the Delhi High Court for basing its decision to deny bail on documents submitted by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) in a sealed cover.  Connecting the dots: Judicial Activism vs Judicial Overreach Indianisation of Judiciary Language in Judiciary  Judicial Administration Reform Judiciary & AI All India Judicial Service (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Q.1 Consider the following statements: Messier 77 is located 47 million light years (9.5 trillion km) from the Earth in the constellation Cetus.  Active galactic nuclei are places at the centres of many large galaxies that have tremendous luminosity which sometimes outshine all of a galaxy's billions of stars combined. Which of the above is or are correct?  1 only  2 only  Both 1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.2 Consider the following statements regarding Synthetic biology: Synthetic biology refers to the science of using genetic sequencing, editing, and modification to create unnatural organisms or organic molecules that can function in living systems. It enables scientists to design and synthesise new sequences of DNA from scratch. Which of the above is or are correct?  1 only  2 only  Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3 Which of the following is not the tributary of the Indus River? Shyok Gilgit Zaskar Luni ANSWERS FOR 21st Feb 2022 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 C 2 C 3 D Must Read On the NSE fiasco and protecting small investors: The Hindu On Tapping technology for multilingual learning: The Hindu On significance of India-EU partnership: Indian Express

UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 22nd February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here

[INTERVIEW INITIATIVE] Think, Rethink and Perform (TRP) [DAY 7] 2021 for UPSC/IAS Personality Test!

ARCHIVES (of TRP) - > CLICK HERE Those who have appeared for UPSC Mains 2021, fill up the Google form given below. Students who fill the form will be added to a telegram group so that there can be healthy discussions with other students who will be appearing for the Interview/Personality Test. Also, Mohan sir, Bureaucrats and Ex-Bureaucrats will be interacting one on one with all the students who will be appearing for the same. REGISTER HERE – CLICK HERE Interview Discussion: Think, Rethink and Perform; (TRP)- Day 7 Set 1: Ask these questions to yourself; contemplate and come out with a concrete answer (not to be discussed on this forum). Invest at least 30 minutes on this set of questions.  What frustrates you as an Indian? Why?   Do you have a plan to change that? How will you do it?  Aren’t you a part of the problems that frustrate you? Think about it.  Set 2: Analyse the following issue:  Think about the broader macroeconomic environment in the country. Now, can you speak for a couple of minutes on the overall trends? You can think in terms of the following questions: How is the growth scenario shaping up? If we are witnessing recovery, what are the factors causing it? What is the state of inflation? How is if affecting the policies of the government and RBI for post pandemic recovery? How is the RBI using its monetary tools to strike a balance between credit growth and inflation?  What is the state of financial markets?  How are the banks performing? Are NPAs going to be a challenge? The idea behind these questions is to make you understand and prepare the broad framework for answering questions that the UPSC board may pose. Unless you have a fair knowledge of these concepts, you will fumble in answering the questions. Take this as an opportunity to prepare for the questions related to Economics.  We expect you to discuss the above question (Set 2) in the comments below and come out with a balanced view of the issues. Thank YouIASbaba

IASbaba’s Think Learn Perform (TLP - Phase 1) 2022 - UPSC Mains Answer Writing General Studies Paper 2 Questions [22nd February, 2022] – Day 23

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Everyone,  TLP being an integral formula for success for many toppers over the years including Rank 1 is no secret. In their ‘must to-do' list for the UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination, TLP by far occupies the first place. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the actual Mains. You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, we will post 3 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (12 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal. From this year we have integrated the TLP free answer writing page in the main website itself, unlike previous years. So all the answers should be posted under the questions for the evaluation. Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. To Know More about TLP  -> CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. With the help of suitable examples, explain the significance of parliamentary committees for the effective functioning of the legislature. (10 Marks) उपयुक्त उदाहरणों की सहायता से विधायिका के प्रभावी कार्यकरण के लिए संसदीय समितियों के महत्व की व्याख्या कीजिए। 2. Compare and contrast the emergency provisions of the Indian constitution vis a vis that of Canada. (10 Marks) भारतीय संविधान के आपातकालीन प्रावधानों की कनाडा के संविधान के साथ करें। 3. What are the recent initiatives announced by the government to address the challenge of NPAs in the banking sector? Explain. (15 Marks) बैंकिंग क्षेत्र में एनपीए की चुनौती से निपटने के लिए सरकार द्वारा हाल ही में घोषित पहल क्या हैं? समझाएं। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 22nd February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

SYNOPSIS [18th February,2022] Day 19: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE SYNOPSIS [18th February,2022] Day 19: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies) 1. Attitude is a little thing that makes a big difference. Elucidate.  Approach- Candidates need to write about the attitude and then elucidate how attitude matters though being little things or mental construct it makes big difference.  Introduction Attitude can be defined as  learned tendency to evaluate things in a certain way. This can include evaluations of people, issues, objects, or events. It also involves a set of emotions, beliefs, and behaviours toward a particular object, person, thing, or event. Attitudes are often the result of experience or upbringing, and they can have a powerful influence over behaviour.  Body Having a appropriate attitude makes one confident about herself and this in long term not only helps an individual but to all those who are associated with her. Example- Mahatma Gandhi held a strong negative attitude towards violence, this helped us gain independence without any violence thereby saving lives and making strong foundation for Indian constitution.  One may have high IQ and a sharp logical mind but without the right attitude, both are rendered useless.   Example- A bureaucrat posted in riot-sensitive area may be very good in management and thinking logically. But she can take precautionary measures and keep things in control only when she has a positive attitude towards all the religions. A person with positive attitude sees even failure as possibility of having something better. Positive attitude towards difficult situations makes one resilient. Example- 12 boys along with their coach could stay in Thai cave for days without food just because they had positive attitude towards life. An attitude based on values and beliefswill act according to the values. For example in India touching feet of elders is guided by attitude of giving respect to them. To Protect self-esteem or that justify actions that make people feel guilty.  For example, children might defend themselves against the feelings of humiliation they have experienced adopt a defensive attitude.  Conclusion Life will always happen to one as it happens to everybody but one’s attitude will determine how far one gets in life. Thus right attitude can lead to big things to showing zero tolerance toward corruption, pro-poor, welfare for weaker sections, listening to public grievances.  2. Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character. Do you agree? Substantiate with the help of suitable examples.  Approach Students are expected to write about the character and attitude also highlight how weakness of attitude has reflection on character. Substantiate the arguments with suitable examples.  Introduction Attitude refers to the way you think about a situation and the way you approach it. Character, though, is what makes you act the way you do. Attitude and character are two words that appear similar in sense . Attitude is influenced and driven by our temperament, character and personality. Character could be described as, you when no one is looking, or the sum of your habits.  Body Your attitude towards life and your response to a certain situation builds up your character.  Weakness in attitude or in other words having a negative attitude weakens your character. Similarly negative attitude lead to negative behaviour.  For example, if a person have a negative attitude towards women, he will discriminate women in all fronts of life. One will have to focus on self and learn about virtues and how they correspond to  life. This is how you can have a strong attitude which will ultimately help you to build a strong character. Civil servants are the face of any government. Their attitude towards the citizenry becomes a reflection of the state. A positive attitude is considered to be an essential characteristic of a civil servant who is often required to function under extreme stress. It helps for example improving his/her problem-solving abilities and improving his/her decision-making skills.  One must be humble when he has won a match. And if you lose it, then you must smile and congratulate your opponent and be more motivated and determined for the next match. This type of positivity in your attitude will help you to build a strong character. Selfish attitude will guide individual’s action in same manner. For example cricketer who put his self interest and profit above the nation, will take money to loose the game.  Attitude is one of the main factors that trigger emotions, decision-making, thinking and behaviour in an individual which leads to character building.  For example Only if the citizens of a country have a positive attitude towards cleanliness, campaigns such as Swatch Bharat Mission (Clean India Mission) will succeed.  Logic or rational attitudes develop a rational character. For example rational person will not act superstitiously and will always try to find rational behind any act. Will not believe unscientific things.  Conclusion Attitude plays a vital role in Shaping Mind-set and Personality character of an Individual. It is thus been rightly said ” Attitude is a Little thing that makes a big difference.” Attitude forms a vital component of an individual’s character by manifesting itself  in form of thought, behaviour and emotion. 3. Two things define you: your patience when you have nothing and your attitude when you have everything. Comment. Approach- Candidates need to comment on how two things define a man: his patience when he has nothing and his attitude when he has everything. Introduction: The real question of life includes questions such as “Who are you?” How are you defined and how do you define yourself? t’s hard to know in the quiet times. It is only when things get rough that we really find out who we are and of what we are made. The quote given above singles out two specific situations for consideration.  Two things define you: your patience when you have nothing and your attitude when you have everything Two things define you. The first is how patient you can be when you have nothing. When you have nothing, you will, obviously, have quite a few needs.  How patiently can you wait for that which you need? Can you, or do you get agitated and make a fuss? The second situation in the quote is what your attitude is when you have everything. When you have everything, you need nothing, and by extension, no one.  This is a test of how you treat people when you don’t have any need to be kind or helpful. Will you be nice, or will you be an obnoxious (something)? These two situations help mark the boundaries within which you reside. We have all had situations where we had a great need. That was a test of who you were at that point in time. The same for the times when we had all we needed (for that moment, and in that aspect of our lives. By keeping track of how we respond in trying situations, we can better judge where we need to improve ourselves. Remember, tests, even the ones at school, aren’t there to tell you that you are a failure. They exist to test you and find out what you know. If you use tests as they were intended and measure your progress and probe for weaknesses, you can continue to grow and become better at whatever the test is measuring. Without tests, we would never know. How patient is you? How kind are you? Both in the easy times and in the trying times. How else can you measure yourself? How would you define yourself? How would you measure that aspect of your life?  Once you have been tested, all you have to do is figure out what went right and what needs improvement.  Conclusion: Testing in your mind is one tool, but you will need real tests from time to time, as you can get some unexpected results. You may find under stress; you don’t behave exactly as you thought you might. Emotions can do that to a person. Even if you don’t do anything with the information, life is always testing you. You might want to take advantage of this information and plan your next step. We all have things we want to improve, or at least know that we should improve. Why not give it a try? TLP Synopsis Day 19 PDF

UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 21st February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here

IASbaba’s Think Learn Perform (TLP - Phase 1) 2022 - UPSC Mains Answer Writing General Studies Paper 3 Questions [21st February, 2022] – Day 22

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Everyone,  TLP being an integral formula for success for many toppers over the years including Rank 1 is no secret. In their ‘must to-do' list for the UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination, TLP by far occupies the first place. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the actual Mains. You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, we will post 3 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (12 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal. From this year we have integrated the TLP free answer writing page in the main website itself, unlike previous years. So all the answers should be posted under the questions for the evaluation. Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. To Know More about TLP  -> CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. How did the Indo-China war of 1962 shape India’s defense and foreign policy in the coming years? Explain. (10 Marks) 1962 के भारत-चीन युद्ध ने आने वाले वर्षों में भारत की रक्षा और विदेश नीति को कैसे आकार दिया? समझाएं। 2. Explain the factors that created instability in Punjab in the 1980s. How did the government respond? Discuss. (10 Marks) 1980 के दशक में पंजाब में अस्थिरता पैदा करने वाले कारकों की व्याख्या कीजिए। सरकार इससे कैसे निपटी? चर्चा करें। 3. What do you understand by the phenomenon of feminisation of agriculture? What are its implications? Analyse. (15 Marks) कृषि के नारीकरण की परिघटना से आप क्या समझते हैं? इसके निहितार्थ क्या हैं? विश्लेषण करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 21st February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

Motivational Articles

Creative Guidance – Ocean and the Wave – Inspirational Educative Articles

Ocean and the Wave: Noise is the language of the mind and silence is the language of the Self. There is only one language that the Self recognizes; it is the language of silence and stillness. The Self has no need to communicate, and no need to say anything, because it is forever separate from the processes of life. You might think that your Self is attached to your body, but that attachment is purely imaginary. You will realize this when you reach deeper states of meditation. You will see that all your attachments were simply a part of your imaginary mind. The Self is never involved in the concept of attachment: How can the ocean be attached to the wave? The ocean doesn't need waves in order to exist, but the waves cannot exist without the ocean. Likewise, your body and mind need your conscious Self, but the Self does not need any support from your body and mind. The Self is eternally independent, eternally awake, alive and blissful. The Sanskrit word for the Self is “Satchidananda” meaning “Truth, Consciousness and Bliss.” The Self merely uses the mediums of body and mind as an expression of life. Your body and mind are nothing but paint brushes of existence, used by the Self to create its artistic masterpiece - Life. “This article is a part of the creative endeavor of Nirvana Foundation and IASBABA.”