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IASbaba’s Think Learn Perform (TLP - Phase 1) 2022 - UPSC Mains Answer Writing General Studies Paper 2 Questions [8th February, 2022] – Day 9

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Everyone,  TLP being an integral formula for success for many toppers over the years including Rank 1 is no secret. In their ‘must to-do' list for the UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination, TLP by far occupies the first place. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the actual Mains. You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, we will post 3 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (12 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal. From this year we have integrated the TLP free answer writing page in the main website itself, unlike previous years. So all the answers should be posted under the questions for the evaluation.   Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. To Know More about TLP  -> CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. Do you think judicial overreach can be antithetical to the idea of democracy? Critically analyse. (10 Marks) क्या आपको लगता है कि न्यायिक अतिरेक लोकतंत्र के विचार के विपरीत हो सकता है? समालोचनात्मक विश्लेषण करें। 2. How are industrial disputes related to intellectual property rights settled in India? Explain the existing institutional mechanism. (10 Marks) भारत में बौद्धिक संपदा अधिकारों से संबंधित औद्योगिक विवादों का निपटारा कैसे किया जाता है? मौजूदा संस्थागत तंत्र की व्याख्या करें। 3. For economic growth, capital expenditure is a more prudent and sustainable strategy than demand stimulus, Do you agree? Substantiate your views. (15 Marks) आर्थिक विकास के लिए, पूंजीगत व्यय मांग प्रोत्साहन की तुलना में अधिक विवेकपूर्ण और टिकाऊ रणनीति है, क्या आप सहमत हैं? अपने विचारों की पुष्टि करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 8th February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 7th February 2022

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) J&K Delimitation Commission Part of: Prelims and GS-II -Polity Context: The J&K Delimitation Commission has changed the complexion of most of the 90 Assembly seats. It also reconfigured and renamed 28 new Assembly constituencies and deleted 19 Assembly segments in its interim report.  Besides, it has proposed to redraw all the five Lok Sabha seats. What is Delimitation? Delimitation is the act of redrawing boundaries of Lok Sabha and state Assembly seats.  Objective of delimitation:  To provide equal representation to equal segments of a population;  Fair division of geographical areas so that one political party doesn’t have an advantage over others in an election. Constitutional provisions: Under Article 82, the Parliament enacts a Delimitation Act after every Census.  Delimitation is carried out by an independent Delimitation Commission appointed by the President of India and works in collaboration with the Election Commission of India. Delimitation Commissions have been set up four times — 1952, 1963, 1973 and 2002  There was no delimitation after the 1981 and 1991 Censuses. Composition of the Commission: According to the Delimitation Commission Act, 2002, the Delimitation Commission will have three members:  A serving or retired judge of the Supreme Court as the chairperson,  Chief Election Commissioner or Election Commissioner nominated by the CEC  State Election Commissioner as ex-officio members. Delimitation Commission for Jammu and Kashmir The Delimitation Commission for Jammu and Kashmir was constituted by the Centre on 6th March 2021 to redraw Lok Sabha and assembly constituencies of the union territory in accordance with the provisions of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 and Delimitation Act, 2002, passed by the Centre in August 2019 along with other J&K-specific Bills. News Source: TH Sputnik Light vaccine Part of: Prelims and GS-II Health  Context: The drug regulator DCGI (Drugs Controller General of India) has granted emergency use authorisation (EUA) to Single-dose Sputnik Light COVID-19 vaccine in India. About the vaccine Sputnik Light is based on recombinant human adenovirus serotype number 26 (the first component of Sputnik V). It is the world's first registered combination vector vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19 As per the vaccine developer Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF), a one-shot vaccination regimen of Sputnik Light provides for ease of administration and helps to increase the efficacy and duration of other vaccines when used as a booster shot. Emergency Use Authorization (EUA)  It is a regulatory mechanism to allow the use of vaccines and medicines to prevent and/or reduce the impact of life- threatening diseases or conditions as caused by COVID-19. About Drugs Controller General of India  S/he is the head of department of the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSO) of the Government of India. Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation works in close collaboration with the state control administration and assist them in securing uniform enforcement of the Drug Act. Responsible for approval of licences of specified categories of drugs such as blood and blood products, IV fluids, vaccines, and sera in India. DCGI also sets standards for manufacturing, sales, import, and distribution of drugs in India. Comes under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. News Source: Livemint (News from PIB) Lakadong Turmeric Part of: Prelims and GS-III Economy  Context: West Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya, witnessed the first-of-its-kind Fly-Off Event to demonstrate the use of novel and innovative Drone technology for payload delivery. It could serve as a model of solving the 1st mile connectivity issues for Lakadong Turmeric farmers from the hinterland. Lakadong Turmeric  Lakadong Turmeric has been identified under The One District, One Product (ODOP) Initiative, as a product with excellent potential for growth and export for West Jaintia Hills. ODOP also partnered with AGNIi Mission,  AGNIi Mission is one of the nine technology missions under the Prime Minister's Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council to identify Indian innovative technologies that can play a transformative role in the end-to-end processing. Lakadong Turmeric of West Jaintia Hills is one of   the   world’s   finest turmeric varieties with the highest curcumin content of 7-9%. Meghalaya has applied for a Geographical Indication tag for Lakadong turmeric. India produces 78% of the world’s turmeric. About One District One Product Scheme The scheme comes under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry. It is aimed at promoting a competitive and staple product from a specific area to push sales and improve the standard of living of the local population. It is basically a Japanese business development concept. In India, Uttar Pradesh was the first state to launch the concept in 2018. News Source: PIB Integration of E-MANDIS into E-NAM Platform Part of: Prelims and GS-III Economy  Context: Since 31st March 2018, 415 new mandis have been integrated on National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) platform. As per the Union Budget Announcement 2020-21, additional 1000 mandis to be integrated with e-NAM platform About National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) platform e-NAM was launched in 2016 as a pan-India electronic agricultural marketing/trade portal linking APMCs across the States.  It is managed by Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC). Controlling Ministry: Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare e-NAM provides for contactless remote bidding and mobile-based any time payment for which traders do not need to either visit mandis or banks for the same. Objective of integrating the existing Mandis to “One Nation One Market” for agricultural commodities in India. It networks the existing APMC mandis to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities and has a vision: To promote uniformity in agriculture marketing by streamlining procedures across the integrated markets. Removing information asymmetry between buyers and sellers and promoting real time price discovery based on actual demand and supply. News Source: PIB (Mains Focus) INTERNATIONAL/ SECURITY GS-2: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests India- Central Asia Context: The inaugural India-Central Asia Summit, the India-Central Asia Dialogue, and the Regional Security Dialogue on Afghanistan in New Delhi — all held over the past four months — collectively indicate a renewed enthusiasm to engage the Central Asian region. What factors are pushing for India’s renewed e? Great power dynamics: The decline of American power in the broader region (due primarily to the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan) has led to a reassertion by China and Russia seeking to fill the power vacuum.  India must ensure that there is no China-led strategic gang up with Pakistan and Taliban against India in the region would severely damage Indian interests. It is therefore necessary for India to go for more proactive engagement in the region to safeguard its own interests. Non-engagement is costlier: India has limited economic and other stakes in the region, primarily due to lack of physical access. The gains from an engagement of Central Asia may be minimal but the disadvantages of non-engagement could be costly in the longer run in the context of great power dynamics. India-Russia Power Dynamics: Russia considers India to be a useful partner in the region as it not only wins back New Delhi, which is moving towards the U.S., but also subtly checkmates the rising Chinese influence in its backyard.  As for China, India’s engagement of the region and the growing warmth in India-Russia relations are not a cause for concern yet, but they could be eventually. Consolidates post-American Afghan policy: U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan has landed India in a tough spot as India has very limited space to engage Taliban 2.0. By forging better ties with Central Asia, India can devise new ways of engaging with Taliban. How can Iran play a role in India’s engagement with Central Asian region? India’s best shot at reaching the CARs is by using a hybrid model – via sea to Chabahar and then by road/rail through Iran (and Afghanistan) to the CARs.  If the re-negotiations on the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (or the Iran nuclear deal) is a success, it would bring Iran back into the Western fold and away from China (and Russia), which will be favourable to India. While Iran getting close to the West is not preferred by Russia (but preferred by India), but India would be able to use it to its advantage and join Russia in engaging the CARs. What are the challenges which India could face? China, which shares a land border with the Central Asia region, is already a major investor there. China is the region’s most important economic partner, a reality that worries Russia and sharpens India’s relative irrelevance in the region. Given the India’s diplomatic energies spent on immediate neighbourhood & on great powers, the other challenges include the lack of political will, material capability and diplomatic wherewithal to stay the course in the region. Connecting the dots: The Other QUAD (USA-India-Israel- UAE)  Shanghai Cooperation Organisation India’s Central Asian outreach ECONOMY/ GOVERNANCE GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.  Infrastructure: Energy, Ports Etc. Creation of better Power distribution network Context: Launched in July 2021, the Revamped Distribution Sector Reform Scheme (RDSS) is the latest of many central government grant-based programmes towards electricity distribution network investments.  Others include urban loss reduction schemes such as the Accelerated Power Development Programme and rural connections and network expansion focussed schemes such as SAUBHAGYA.  Key Aspects of Revamped Distribution Sector Reform Scheme (RDSS) RDSS’s outlay of Rs 3 lakh crore for five years can enable financially-strained electricity distribution companies to get government support. Half of the outlay is for better feeder and transformer metering and pre-paid smart consumer metering.  The remaining half, 60 per cent of which will be funded by central government grants, will be spent on power loss reduction and strengthening networks. Concerns of RDSS Complex processes and conditions for fund disbursal.  Only 60 per cent of the total Rs 2.5 lakh crore grants allocated in past schemes were disbursed.  Lack of public review and regulatory oversight in states The prescriptive approach of the scheme design impedes effective implementation.  For example, RDSS emphasises loss reduction investments over system strengthening.  However, high losses are typically connected to sustained poor quality service which, in turn, is affected by inadequate investment in system strengthening.  Way Ahead for RDSS Scheme Strengthen rural networks to meet growing demand Rural electrification (4.9 crore poor households electrified in last decade), increased use of appliances like refrigerators and mixers and the needs of rural enterprises will need more network investment.  Without this, the risk of power outages is high.  The RDSS system’s strengthening plans can focus on this challenge. Strengthen Agricultural Feeders About 25 per cent of electricity sales is to highly subsidised agricultural consumers who also receive erratic, poor quality supply.  Under the national KUSUM scheme, day-time, low-cost supply can be provided to a large number of farmers by installing megawatt scale solar plants, which supply eight hours of quality power directly to dedicated agricultural feeders. For this to work, separate feeders for agricultural consumers are needed.  RDSS prioritises investments and grants towards dedicated agricultural feeders to accelerate feeder solarisation.  States must leverage this grant support to provide reliable supply and reduce subsidy requirements. Metering of distribution feeders.  Despite efforts, unmetered consumers and non-functional meters at the consumer and feeder level persist.  Without functioning meters, accurate energy accounting and loss monitoring is a challenge. Therefore, all feeders must be equipped with meters capable of communicating readings without manual intervention.  States should leverage RDSS’s emphasis on automatic meter reading for this. To realise benefits, the state regulator must stipulate a framework to evaluate cost reduction and performance improvement due to smart meters and protect consumers from undue tariff impacts due to such investments. Charging Infrastructure Discoms can avail 60 per cent of grants under RDSS for network investments required to address the demand of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. This can accelerate a shift away from petrol and diesel fuels. Conclusion Central government agencies should be flexible in the monitoring, tracking and fund disbursal mechanisms. Without these efforts, despite its potential, RDSS will likely be important but limited in its impact, like its predecessors. Connecting the dots: Saubhagya Scheme Decarbonisation of India’s Power Sector Paris Climate Accord (ORF: Expert Speak) Jan 18: Setting a path to green, resilient and inclusive development - https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/setting-a-path-to-green-resilient-and-inclusive-development/  TOPIC: GS-3: Climate Change Green, resilient and inclusive development Context: The decade following the 2009 global financial crisis was characterised by growing structural weaknesses in developing countries, which have been further aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change, worsening poverty and inequality.  These weaknesses include slowing investment, productivity, employment, and poverty reduction; rising debt; and accelerating destruction of natural capital.  The pandemic has already pushed over 100 million more people into extreme poverty and worsened inequality.  The effects of climate change are expected to push an estimated additional 130 million people into extreme poverty by 2030. COVID-19 and climate change have starkly exposed the interdependence between people, the planet, and the economy. All economic activities depend upon ecosystem services, so depleting the natural assets that create these services, eventually worsens economic performance. Recovery Packages A business-as-usual recovery package that neglects these interlinkages would not adequately address the complex challenges that confront the world nor its structural weaknesses and would likely result in a lost decade of development.  Targeting socioeconomic, climate change and biodiversity challenges in isolation is likely to be less effective than a coordinated response to their interacting effects.  A continuation of current growth patterns would not address structural economic weaknesses and would erode natural capital and increase risks that affect long run growth.  As the depletion of forests, oceans, and other natural assets worsen, the cost of inaction is becoming more expensive than the cost of climate action and it is the poor and vulnerable who are most disadvantaged by it. The Answer lies in – The GRID approach The solution is to adopt a Green, Resilient and Inclusive Development (GRID) approach that pursues poverty reduction and shared prosperity with a long-term sustainability lens. This approach sets a recovery path that  Maintains a line of sight to long-term development goals Recognizes the interconnections between people, the planet, and the economy Tackles risks in an integrated way A green recovery will not just be beneficial for combating climate change but also offer the best economic returns for government spending and yield development outcomes. The GRID approach is novel in two respects. First, the GRID approach pays particular attention to their interrelationships and thus, on the cross-sectoral nature of critical development policies.  Second, achieving GRID implies simultaneously and systematically addressing sustainability, resilience and inclusiveness.  GRID is a balanced approach focused on development and sustainability and tailored to each country’s needs and its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) objectives. Such a path will achieve lasting economic growth that is shared across the population, providing a robust recovery and restoring momentum on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Recovering from COVID-19 with GRID Looking ahead, setting a path to GRID will require urgent investments at scale in all forms of capital (human, physical, natural, and social) to address structural weaknesses and promote growth.  Most urgently, a fast and fair vaccine rollout is critical to an L-shaped recovery. Vaccine access and deployment presents challenges unprecedented in scale, speed and specificities, which will require strong coordination. Special attention is needed on human capital development to rebuild skills and recover pandemic related losses, especially amongst marginalised groups. While the pandemic has amplified the challenges of providing education for all, it has also highlighted how disruptive and transformational technologies can be leveraged in addition to traditional in person learning to help education services withstand the unique pressures of this time. Women must be at the center of the GRID agenda as powerful agents of change. Education for girls, together with family planning, reproductive and sexual health, and economic opportunities for women will accelerate the green, resilient and inclusive dimensions of development. Technology and innovation will play an essential role in promoting low carbon growth. Recovery packages are an opportunity to prioritise investments in the infrastructure needed to develop and roll out transformative technologies. Securing green finance at scale will be essential for the GRID agenda. The low carbon transition may offer an opportunity for investors, especially as the returns to green investments begin to exceed investments in more conventional technological choices. Necessity and urgency of systemic investments and transformations Transformational actions will be needed in key systems — for example, energy, agriculture, food, water, land, cities, transport and manufacturing — that drive the economy and account for over 90 percent of greenhouse gas emissions.  Such a transition, by addressing economic distortions, will promote greater economic efficiency and reduce adverse productivity and health impacts, leading to better development outcomes. Domestic resource mobilisation can also be increased by enhancing tax progressivity, applying wealth taxation, and eliminating tax avoidance. There is also a need for greater selectivity and efficiency in spending. But the fruits of the transition may not be evenly distributed and will require a range of social and labour market policies that address adverse impacts, safeguard the vulnerable and deliver a just transition.  The GRID approach, therefore, supports a transition to a low carbon economy while considering countries’ energy needs and providing targeted support for the poorest. Significant reforms of fiscal systems will be needed to mobilise domestic resources and finance the transition. Taxes on externalities are a large and unused source of potential revenue, which can create incentives for the private sector to invest in more sustainable activities. Domestic resource mobilisation can also be increased by enhancing tax progressivity, applying wealth taxation, and eliminating tax avoidance. There is also a need for greater selectivity and efficiency in spending. A strong private sector involvement will be needed. The scale of investment needed far exceeds the possibilities of the public sector. Reforms are needed to remove constraints to private investment in appropriate sectors and technologies.  Thus, at the country level, a strong partnership and dialogue between the public and private sector is urgently needed.  And further developing and implementing green financial sector regulation, such as reporting standards and green taxonomies, can help harness investors’ increasing appetite for sustainable investments, which offer both measurable impacts on the environment and society. Multilateral development banks (MDBs) and Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) must focus on catalytic and transformational investments in priority areas to develop green, inclusive and resilient project pipelines that support economic growth, and job and income generation. Conclusion Countries face a historic opportunity to establish a better way forward. Despite the damage wrought by the pandemic, the exceptional crisis response offers a unique opportunity for a “reset” that addresses past policy deficiencies and chronic investment gaps.  Can you answer the following questions? By investing now to build a green, resilient and inclusive economy, countries can turn the challenges of COVID-19 and climate change into opportunities for a more prosperous and stable future. Discuss. Interdependence between climate change and Covid-19 – comment. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Q.1 Consider the following statements: Delimitation is carried out by an independent Delimitation Commission appointed by the President of India. The Commission works in collaboration with the Election Commission of India. Which of the above is or are correct?  1 only  2 only  Both 1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.2 The drug regulator DCGI (Drugs Controller General of India) has granted emergency use authorisation (EUA) to Single-dose Sputnik Light COVID-19 vaccine in India. Consider the following statements:  Sputnik Light is based on recombinant human adenovirus serotype number 26. It is the world's first registered combination vector vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19 Which of the above is or are correct?  1 only  2 only  Both 1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.3 One District One Product Scheme comes under Which of the following Ministry?  Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Commerce & Industry Ministry of Tribal Affairs Ministry of Rural development ANSWERS FOR 7th Feb 2022 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 C 2 C 3 B Must Read On 5G Economic pay-off: The Hindu On health data retention plan: The Hindu

UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 7th February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here

IASbaba’s Think Learn Perform (TLP - Phase 1) 2022 - UPSC Mains Answer Writing General Studies Paper 2 Questions [7th February, 2022] – Day 8

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Everyone,  TLP being an integral formula for success for many toppers over the years including Rank 1 is no secret. In their ‘must to-do' list for the UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination, TLP by far occupies the first place. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the actual Mains. You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, we will post 3 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (12 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal. From this year we have integrated the TLP free answer writing page in the main website itself, unlike previous years. So all the answers should be posted under the questions for the evaluation.   Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. To Know More about TLP  -> CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. Do you think federalism resonates well with the idea of a welfare state? Critically comment. (10 Marks) क्या आपको लगता है कि संघवाद कल्याणकारी राज्य के विचार से अच्छी तरह मेल खाता है? समालोचनात्मक टिप्पणी करें। 2. How is a state budget different from the national budget? Explain with the help of suitable examples. (10 Marks) राज्य का बजट राष्ट्रीय बजट से किस प्रकार भिन्न है? उपयुक्त उदाहरणों की सहायता से स्पष्ट कीजिए। 3. The construction sector can be an excellent driver to rebuild the economy and create jobs. Substantiate. (15 Marks) निर्माण क्षेत्र अर्थव्यवस्था के पुनर्निर्माण और रोजगार सृजित करने के लिए एक उत्कृष्ट चालक हो सकता है। पुष्टि करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 7th February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

SYNOPSIS [4th February,2022] Day 5: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE SYNOPSIS [4th February,2022] Day 5: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies) 1. Do you think morality can always be upheld by a public servant? What if moral behavior is inconsistent with the law? Comment.  Approach- Candidates need to write about the morality and it’s interrelation with laws. Explain how difficult is to uphold the morality and how morality can be inconsistent with law. Conclude with how morality can be developed with changing behaviour and enriching moral conscious.  Introduction- Morality stems from individual’s conscience and values of a society, therefore, what morality means to one, may not be to other. Whereas, laws are the rules and regulations which has sanction of the state and enforceability on its back. Law of the land is regulations where an individual has to submit himself to the will of the state or society. Body Upholding morality always by public servants: Moral resilience in public service is often tested due to prevailing work culture, political interference. It is difficult to keep up the strong moral values of love and compassion.  Shift from moral values impacts the administration process and Welfarism of the most deprived section of society.  Truthfulness is very much important as it is directly related to a person’s moral character. Many times public servant is corrupt he is not being truthful to himself so his integrity comes under question which is a moral trait. Public servant had to defend violence behaviour and insanity by armed forces police in the larger public national interest but it may be against the moral character of officer. For example Suppose DM of tribal area planning to build a road through jungle and that’s the only option available. Its above moral attitude against tribal people sentiment but at the same time knows roads significance pursue to displace the tribes.  At such times it is necessary for public servant to uphold there moral values to work in true public interest. Ethics and morality should come from the soul, only then our society will emerge as a powerful entity. Moral behaviour inconsistent with the law: Various laws have been made to curb the evil of immorality but their weak enforcement has acted as a hindrance in it for example Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, code of conduct rules, Lokpal.  However, laws deal with only external affairs of humans while morality deals with both external and internal affairs. Hence Laws cannot be used to regulate internal affairs of man even when they are immoral e.g. immoral acts like rude attitudes of people towards others, selfishness, telling lie etc. Are not regulated by law. Individual behaviour can’t be controlled every time. There are situations where we have stringent laws but still, we observe a lack of morality in many parts of life and area.  Where there are laws but still society lacks morality: We have well-defined tax laws, but there are less compliance and tax avoidance by using lope holes in tax laws, which is immoral. There are harsh punishments for rape by laws, but every minute a girl is being raped in the world. Similarly, we have laws for theft but it is happening every now and then.  In spite of constitutional provisions, we still see cases of untouchability as the full moral conscience of the people has not been aroused in favour of such laws.  Conclusion The only check against the breach of morality is social condemnation or individual conscience. Moral actions are a matter of choice of inner conscience of the individual; laws are a matter of compulsion. Law cannot be made on each and every aspect of life. More than law behavioural change is the key to a moral society, as rightly said by BR Ambedkar, “No law can protect us if it’s not avowed by the moral conscience of the society at large”. 2. What do you understand by journalistic ethics? Explain with the help of suitable examples.  Approach Students are expected to write about what is journalistic ethics and also to write about journalistic ethics values with suitable examples.  Introduction If the foundations of journalism ethics are tracked far enough, one finds that they are based on various international agreements and declarations, such as the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights and regulations of international law. The UNESCO declaration regarding mass media (1978) and the Paris Declaration (1983), which were backed by numerous journalist associations, defined the ethical guidelines more accurately in questions related to media and journalism. Body Journalistic ethics: Journalistic ethics are basically a set of principles, standards, guidelines and code of conduct prepared for professional journalists. It deals with conduct, character and behaviour of a journalist and how he/she works before, during and after the news gathering and dissemination process. Maintaining journalistic ethics with few principles and values: Truth and Accuracy: Journalists cannot always guarantee ‘truth’, but getting the facts right is the cardinal principle of journalism. We should always strive for accuracy, give all the relevant facts we have and ensure that they have been checked. When we cannot corroborate information we should say so. For example avoiding Yellow journalism and paid news. Objectivity: The absence of objective journalism leads to the false presentation of truth in a society which affects the perception and opinions of people.  As observed in the case of Cambridge analytica case, the biased news coverage on social media platform affected the Presidential elections in the U.S. Independence: Due to corporate control of media and profit making attitude now days it observed that media acts less ethically & immorally on many instances.  Humanity: Journalists should do no harm. What we publish or broadcast may be hurtful, but we should be aware of the impact of our words and images on the lives of others. For example avoiding reporting based on communal angle and creating misleading headlines as done in pandemic by few channels on tabligi Jamaat issue. Responsibility and Accountability: A sure sign of professionalism and responsible journalism is the ability to hold ourselves accountable. For example recent TRP manipulation by few TV channels in 2020.  The chase for sensationalism and higher TRP rates as observed in the coverage of 26/11 terrorist attacks in India risked the internal security of the nation. The sensationalism-driven reporting compromised the identities of rape victims and survivors despite SC guidelines. Fairness and Impartiality: Most stories have at least two sides. While there is no obligation to present every side in every piece, stories should be balanced and add context. For example avoiding engaging in one-sided media trials as recently done in SSR case, lobbying for personal gains, blackmailing, manipulating news stories, engaging in malicious and defamatory reporting, running propaganda and disinformation campaigns. Conclusion Journalistic ethics is more than a gut feeling of right and wrong. It encompasses a broad set of standards that are under constant review, and you, as a practitioner, must take the ethical responsibilities of the profession seriously at all times, in that way you will bring honour to journalism and see to it that you have helped to maintain the integrity of its practice for future generations. 3. What do you understand by the term ‘k shaped recovery’? Explain. Discuss the recent context in which it was used.  Approach Candidates are expected to write about K shaped recovery in economic perspective. Explain phenomenon in the recent context how it was used to refer the post pandemic economic recovery.  Introduction It is clear that India’s economic recovery is two-speed, also called K-shaped by many economists. The two speeds refer to a higher speed enjoyed by the relatively affluent income class, or those industries which have benefited from the pandemic, lockdown, and work-from-home restrictions. Body K shaped recovery: A K-shaped recovery occurs when, following a recession, different parts of the economy recover at different rates, times, or magnitudes. This is in contrast to an even, uniform recovery across sectors, industries, or groups of people. This type of recovery is called K-shaped because the path of different parts of the economy when charted together may diverge, resembling the two arms of the Roman letter “K.” In the present socio economic context: A K-shaped recovery exhibits wealth inequality, greater corporate monopolies, a continuing racial wealth gap, long-term unemployment for low-income workers, and accelerating technological adoption. A report by CRISIL indicates that in the year 2021, two-wheeler sales are set to decline by 3%-6% year-over-year on top of a lower base in the year 2020. On the other hand, premium cars and premium motorcycles have been resistant to the pandemic slowdown. For example Education, for example, is inherently K-shaped in many places and this has become even more skewed due to Covid-19. The taxation policy of the Government insists on maintaining indirect taxes on fuel and consumer products while lowering corporate taxes. While inflation soars, the incomes of the middle and lower-middle-class have at best remained constant leading to a sustained loss in disposable income. Over five million people lost their jobs in October, according to a Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) report. Unemployment coupled with the high food and fuel prices push families into poverty. The recovery in the stock market and other such financial assets over the past year has been phenomenal but only less than 5% of India directly benefited from the said recovery. The disproportional benefit of the asset price inflation favouring the upper-middle-class further displays the inherent K-shape of the recovery. To the extent that Covid has triggered an effective income transfer from the poor to the rich, this will be demand-impeding because the poor have a higher marginal propensity to consume (i.e. they tend to spend-instead of saving) a much higher proportion of their income. If Covid-19 reduces competition or increases the inequality of incomes and opportunities, it could impinge on trend growth in developing economies by hurting productivity and tightening political economy constraints. Conclusion In the absence of policy interventions, India will continue on the path of a K-shaped recovery where large corporates with low debt will prosper at the cost of small and medium sectors. The government will also have to sharpen its focus on capital spending to contain damage to potential growth. TLP Synopsis Day 5 PDF

UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 5th February 2022

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here

Motivational Articles

Creative Guidance – The Path is Beautiful – Inspirational Educative Articles

The Path is Beautiful: After conquering your mind, the second biggest challenge in meditation is going beyond your body. Your body presents a different challenge from that of your mind. While your mind is extremely disturbing and noisy, your body is very subtle and quiet. Even to recognize the constant sensations of your body is difficult. Since you have always lived with your body, you have gotten used to the uncomfortable nature of your body. Although your body is in a state of constant disturbance, you are perfectly ok with it. The whole challenge in finding the empty zone of the body is to pay attention to the subtlest of changes happening in the body. This is where your understanding of meditation comes in handy. If your objective is to reach get to the highest understanding of your Self, then you simply cannot settle with the comfortable body. You even have to question the idea of sitting, the idea of closing your eyes, and the idea of breathing. Always remember that the ultimate experience you are looking for is “Nothingness”. As long as there is something to watch, your journey is not complete. Watching the sensations of the body takes a bit of practice, but once you get the hang of it, a beautiful and marvelous path opens up. The closer you are able to get to your True Self, the less becomes the influence of your body. When the influence of the body reduces, the pain, suffering, fear, worry, and everything connected to the body also reduces. This is the most magical thing about a spiritual journey. Although Self knowledge is the ultimate experience you are searching for, as you take each step, you are getting rid of some of your baggage of life. The spiritual path is beautiful in the beginning, the middle, and the end. “This article is a part of the creative endeavor of Nirvana Foundation and IASBABA.”

Important Articles

[REGISTER NOW] IASbaba’s INTERVIEW MENTORSHIP PROGRAM (IMP) for UPSC 2021 Personality Test!

Dear Friends, Courage is the strength shown by a person in the case of adversity. We can’t have a better word to define the candidates who appeared for the mains exam this year but were courageous. With all the threats of pandemics, having the courage to concentrate on your goal and appearing for the exam itself deserve a pat on the back. So, you all are already a winner. However, the process is not over, and you are very close to achieving success. So, this is not the time for you to slack off. Just boot up and move forward for the next step of your journey – The Personal Interview or the Personality Test. This brings us to the question that ‘What does it take to improve your personality for the interview conducted by UPSC?’ Is it even possible to change one’s personality over a short duration of time? After all, one’s persona is an aggregate of his/her upbringing and life! Can it be transformed in a matter of weeks to perform well in the interview? We have been asked the question year after year by hundreds of students. We understand that to improve one’s chances of qualifying the civil services exam, it is critical to perform well in the personality test. However, the students get into a different kind of mindset right after the main exam is over. They think that a huge burden is over and they get in the zone of complacency. The idea that now is the time to rest is very dangerous as you have to run faster right before the finish line. This is where many students diminish their chances of success. And the time to sharpen your personality is lost. While we accept that it is difficult to change the personality traits of candidates in a matter of weeks or days, we also believe that with the help of certain tools and techniques, it is possible to dramatically increase one’s chance in the civil services personality test. What you need is the polishing of the rough edges of your personality. It is important that you prepare in a comprehensive manner, taking into account each component of the personality test. Polishing of rough edges does not mean that you need to fake your personality traits but to enhance the good traits so that examiners can acknowledge that. Before you start your journey, please understand that your personality is composed of many aspects – your confidence, knowledge, way of talking, ability to handle pressure, being precise in your response, even your way of seating, and so on. While preparing for the personality test, it is critical that you focus on each of these components. We are happy that we have an initiative that places you in the right spot with respect to your preparation. IASbaba’s Interview Mentorship Programme (IMP) is the most comprehensive initiative for the personality test. The program has helped many previous year rankers to qualify for the Civil Services Exam. We have designed IMP in such a way that it is not just a ritual that has to be done by the aspirants but personal attention will be given to each and every candidate and guidance will be provided according to the individual needs of the candidates. Following the feedback of the toppers is a testimony of that. IMP is built on the following pillars: DAF Sessions: Dedicated sessions by previous year toppers, Ex Bureaucrats, Mohan Sir to help you with the detailed application form, with particular focus on the selection of services, cadre preference, hobbies, achievements, extracurricular activities, etc.Panel Mocks: ###/bexpert panel of retired and serving civil servants, subject matter experts, and other distinguished personalities from varied fields to give you a near real feel of the interview board, complemented with detailed feedback and recordings.One to One Mocks & Mentorship with Mohan Sir: A wonderful opportunity to get a detailed assessment of your answers and preparation by none other than Mohan Sir, who is hugely popular among interview candidates for his succinct and precise analysis and boosting the interview scores by a significant margin and helped a lot of them achieve a 190+ Score. One on one discussion with Mohan sir is the most important aspect of the IMP as Sir identifies the issues in your preparation and guides you to fill those loopholes.DAF Questionnaire: Detailed discussion on your DAF with particular stress on probable questions and focus areas. The DAF discussion helps you analyze your DAF and expect probable questions in the interview and be prepared to face such questions. The mentor will help you generate a question bank covering your native place and state, educational background, work experience, hobbies, accomplishments, etc.Current Affairs: Current issues are the most important domain from which Panel members ask the questions. You must have studied Current Affairs for your mains and prelims however, the orientation of questions in the interview is different. In order to tackle this, highly focussed sessions will be conducted to give you an analytical perspective on important current affair topics to prepare you for facing questions by the interview board. Schedule for Special Current Affairs Session – ###a href="https://iasbaba.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Schedule.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DOWNLOADOpen Mocks: ###/bunique technique developed by IASbaba that can do wonders for your confidence. In this process, Mock interviews are conducted in front of other candidates. Observing others giving their interview helps you understand the common mistakes to be avoided in front of the board. Open mocks help you develop the right attitude to be carried to the interview.Think, Rethink and Perform (TRP): A biweekly initiative meant to serve as the regular dose of self-assessment through probing questions on your personality, along with analytical questions on current affairs to keep you on toes for your preparation. To Know more about TRP – ###a href="https://iasbaba.com/2022/02/interview-initiative-think-rethink-and-perform-trp-for-upsc-ias-2021-personality-test/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CLICK HERE We believe that IMP with its ingredients can dramatically enhance your chances. The trick is to start early and start strongly. Our team is working really hard to make IMP your best companion. Please join us to start a challenging yet exciting journey towards success. Those who are interested in the IMP Programme, please fill out the Registration Form below: REGISTRATION FORM – CLICK HERE IMPORTANT NOTE: Students, who have filled the Registration Form, can use the DISCUSSION ROOMS at Bengaluru, Delhi and Lucknow Centres. The Discussion Rooms will be specially reserved for interview purposes. Also, to make the discussion more streamlined, a mentor will oversee the discussions. For further queries with regard to the interview, you can mail us at imp@iasbaba.com or call us on 8549000077. All the Best IASbaba Team