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DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 10th July 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Salt-secreting Mangrove Species Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III - Biodiversity In news For the first time a reference-grade whole genome sequence of a highly salt-tolerant and salt-secreting true-mangrove species, Avicennia marina, was reported in India recently. About Avicennia marina  Avicennia marina is one of the most prominent mangroves species found in all mangrove formations in India.  It is a salt-secreting and extraordinarily salt-tolerant mangrove species that grows optimally in 75% seawater and tolerates >250% seawater. It is among the rare plant species, which can excrete 40% of the salt through the salt glands in the leaves, besides its extraordinary capacity to exclude salt entry to the roots.  What is the significance of the study? This study assumes significance as agriculture productivity globally is affected due to abiotic stress factors such as limited water availability and salinization of soil and water.  Availability of water is a significant challenge to crop production in dryland areas. Salinity is prevalent in ~900 million hectares globally and it is estimated to cause an annual loss of 27 billion USD.  The genomic resources generated in the study will pave the way for researchers to study the potential of the identified genes for developing drought and salinity tolerant varieties of important crop species of the coastal region that is significant for India. What are the mangroves? Mangroves are a unique group of species found in marshy intertidal estuarine regions and survive a high degree of salinity through several adaptive mechanisms.  Mangroves are important resources for the coastal region and are of great ecological and economic value such as:  production of woody trees provision of habitat, food, and spawning grounds for fin-fish and shellfish provision of habitat for birds and other valuable fauna protection of coastlines and accretion of sediment to form new land. They form a link between marine and terrestrial ecosystems, protect shorelines, and provide habitat for a diverse array of terrestrial organisms. According to the India State of Forest Report, 2017, India has nearly 3.3% of the world’s mangrove vegetation. News Source: PIB GIS Enabled Land Bank Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - Policies and interventions In news GIS Enabled Land Bank has been gaining popularity. The website has seen a 30% increase in page views each month since April 2021 What is the Land Bank System?  The Land Bank system has been developed by the Integration of Industrial Information System (IIS) with state GIS (Geographic Information System). IIS portal is a GIS-enabled database of industrial clusters/areas across the states. It is a one-stop repository of all industrial infrastructure-related information – connectivity, infra, natural resources & terrain, plot-level information on vacant plots, line of activity, and contact details.  Currently, the IILB has approximately 4000 industrial parks mapped On the system, more than 3,300 industrial parks across 31 states/UTs covering about 4,75,000 hectares of land have also been mapped out. The information available on the system will include drainage, forest; raw material heat maps (horticulture, agricultural, mineral layers); multilayer of connectivity. IIS has adopted a committed approach towards industrial upgrading, resource optimization, and sustainability. Who are the Various stakeholders? The initiative has been supported by the National e-Governance Division (NeGD), National Centre of Geo-Informatics (NCoG), Invest India, Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG), and Ministry of Electronics and Informational Technology. News Source: PIB India and Nepal Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - International relations In news Rail Transportation between India & Nepal got a major boost recently.  Both countries gave authorization to all cargo train operators to utilize the Indian railway network to carry all containers bound for Nepal.  Letter of Exchange (LoE) between officials of India & Nepal was also signed. After this LoE, all kinds of cargoes in all categories of wagons that can carry freight on Indian Railways network within India can also carry freight to and from Nepal Benefits of the LoE This liberalization will allow market forces to come up in the rail freight segment in Nepal. Likely to increase efficiency and cost- competitiveness, eventually benefiting the Nepalese consumers. Move will reduce transportation costs for automobiles and certain other products whose carriage takes place in special wagons. Another milestone in India’s efforts to enhance regional connectivity under the “Neighbourhood First”  policy. Do you know? The Central government on 21 September 2016 approved merger of the Rail and General budgets from 2017, ending a 92-year-old practice of a separate budget for the Railways. The decision to merge both the budgets was based on the recommendations of the committee chaired by Member of NITI Aayog, Bibek Debroy. News Source: PIB BRICS Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - International relations In news All BRICS countries have agreed to the STI-led BRICS Innovation Cooperation Action Plan (2021-24) proposed by India during the 12th Meeting of BRICS S&T Steering Committee. Indian had proposed the plan to facilitate sharing of experiences of each other’s innovation ecosystem and networking of innovators and entrepreneurs. About BRICS BRICS is an acronym for the grouping of the world’s leading emerging economies, namely Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The BRICS Leaders’ Summit is convened annually. BRICS does not exist in the form of organization, but it is an annual summit. The Chairmanship of the forum is rotated annually among the members, in accordance with the acronym B-R-I-C-S. Together, BRICS accounts for about 40% of the world’s population and about 30% of the GDP (Gross Domestic Product), making it a critical economic engine. It’s an emerging investment market and global power bloc Objectives: The BRICS seeks to deepen, broaden and intensify cooperation within the grouping and among the individual countries for more sustainable, equitable and mutually beneficial development. BRICS takes into consideration each member’s growth, development and poverty objectives to ensure relations are built on the respective country’s economic strengths and to avoid competition where possible. BRICS is emerging as a new and promising political-diplomatic entity with diverse objectives, far beyond the original objective of reforming global financial institutions. What are the components of financial architecture of the BRICS? New Development Bank NDB is headquartered in Shanghai. During the Sixth BRICS Summit in Fortaleza (2014) the leaders signed the Agreement establishing the New Development Bank (NDB). NDB’s key areas of operation are clean energy, transport infrastructure, irrigation, sustainable urban development and economic cooperation among the member countries. Contingent Reserve Arrangement Considering the increasing instances of global financial crisis, BRICS nations signed BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) in 2014 as part of Fortaleza Declaration at Sixth BRICS summit. The BRICS CRA aims to provide short-term liquidity support to the members through currency swaps to help mitigating BOP crisis situation and further strengthen financial stability. The initial total committed resources of the CRA shall be one hundred billion dollars News Source: PIB Methane in the Moons of Saturn Part of: GS Prelims and GS -III - Space In news NASA's Cassini spacecraft had detected an unusually high concentration of methane, along with carbon dioxide and dihydrogen, in the moons (Titan and Enceladus) of Saturn by flying through their plumes (in 2017). It found that Titan has methane in its atmosphere and Enceladus has a liquid ocean with erupting plumes of gas and water. An international research team has used new statistical methods to understand if methanogenesis or methane production by microbes could explain the molecular hydrogen and methane. What are the Findings of Cassini? Cassini found ice particles, salts, hydrogen and organic molecules in the plumes, tentative hints of an ocean that is similar to Earth’s oceans in composition. There is also evidence for alkaline hydrothermal vents on Enceladus’ seafloor, similar to those that support methanogens in Earth’s oceans. What are Methanogens? Most of the methane on Earth has a biological origin.  Microorganisms called methanogens are capable of generating methane as a metabolic byproduct. They do not require oxygen to live and are widely distributed in nature. They are found in swamps, dead organic matter, and even in the human gut. They are known to survive in high temperatures and simulation studies have shown that they can live in Martian conditions. Methanogens have been widely studied to understand if they can be a contributor to global warming. Possibility of Methanogens on Enceladus: Methane could be formed by the chemical breakdown of organic matter present in Enceladus’ core. Hydrothermal processes could help the formation of carbon dioxide and methane. Enceladus’ hydrothermal vents could be habitable to Earth-like microorganisms (Methanogens). Few missions have visited Saturn: Pioneer 11 and Voyagers 1 and 2 flew by; But Cassini orbited Saturn 294 times from 2004 to 2017. News Source: IE  Zika Virus Disease Part of: GS Prelims and GS II - health In news Recently, Zika Virus Disease (ZVD) was reported for the first time in Kerala. What is a Zika Virus? Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that was first identified in Uganda in 1947 in monkeys.  It was later identified in humans in 1952 in Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania. ZVD is caused by a virus transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes (AM), mainly Aedes aegypti. This is the same mosquito that transmits dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. Transmission: From mother to fetus during pregnancy, through sexual contact, transfusion of blood and blood products, and organ transplantation. Symptoms: Fever, rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise or headache.  Most people with Zika virus infection do not develop symptoms. Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause infants to be born with microcephaly (smaller than normal head size) and other congenital malformations, known as congenital Zika syndrome. Treatment: There is no vaccine or medicine for Zika.  The focus is on relieving symptoms and includes rest, rehydration and acetaminophen for fever and pain. Related Indian Government Programme/Initiatives Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme: To strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory based and IT enabled disease surveillance systems for epidemic prone diseases to monitor disease trends. National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme: The central nodal agency for prevention and control of six vector borne diseases i.e. Malaria, Dengue, Lymphatic Filariasis, Kala-azar, Japanese Encephalitis and Chikungunya in India. Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK): An initiative under the National Health Mission, has a surveillance for Microcephaly (system for monitoring birth defects). News Source: IE India Rejects OIC’s Proposal Part of: GS Prelims and GS - II -International relations In news Recently, the Ministry of External Affairs rejected the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation’s (OIC) proposal to assist a dialogue between India and Pakistan. What was OIC’s Offer? OIC offered to arrange a meeting between India and Pakistan and proposed to send a delegation to Jammu & Kashmir  Pakistan has repeatedly sought to raise the Kashmir issue at the OIC  What was India’s Response? The OIC should be watchful that their platform is not subverted by “vested interests” such as Pakistan to interfere in internal affairs of India or for anti-India propaganda through biased and one-sided resolutions. What is Organisation of Islamic Cooperation? It is the second largest intergovernmental organization after the United Nations (UN) with a membership of 57 states. It is the collective voice of the Muslim world.  It endeavours to safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony among various people of the world. India is not a member of the OIC. It was established upon a decision of the historical summit which took place in Rabat, Kingdom of Morocco in September 1969. Headquarters: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. News Source: TH (Mains Focus) GOVERNANCE/ RIGHTS Topic: GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation  GS-2: Rights and Freedoms Amendments to Cinematograph Act Key features of Draft Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill 2021  Age-based certification:  It proposes to divide the existing categories (U, U/A and A) into further age-based groups: U/A 7+, U/A 13+ and U/A 16+. Provision against piracy: At present, there are no enabling provisions in Cinematography Act to check film piracy. The draft bill includes penal provision for piracy. Validity of Certificate: It proposes to certify films for perpetuity. Currently a certificate issued by the CBFC is valid only for 10 years. Revisional powers of the Union Govt.: It empowers Union government to order a ‘re-examination’ of an already certified film if there are complaints against it. Concerns Government as Super Censor: Revisional powers of Union govt. will effectively make it supreme power over cinema exhibition in the country  Freedom of Speech: The encroachment of the central government on creative independence, in mandating what films can be produced and consumed, potentially endangering freedom of expression and weakens the scope of a mature democracy. Increasing Regulatory role of Govt.: The Cinematograph (Amendment Bill) 2021, subsequent restrictions on OTT platforms and the abolishment of the FCAT only add further fuel to the fire.  Not a broken system: The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) has a robust mechanism for film certification and there is no need to fix something that is not broken.  Public Consultation: The government has not provided enough time (only 14 days) for meaningful consultation and the proposed changes ignore suggestions of reports by two committees of experts on CBFC reform.  Conclusion The global cinematic trend seems to be moving close to meaningful, nuanced cinema and series, beyond the purview of sanitised and glamorised big Hollywood and Bollywood blockbusters. We might be taking a step or two backward now with such rules. Connecting the dots: Abolition of Film Certification Tribunal New Social Media Code JUDICIARY/ GOVERNANCE Topic: GS-2: Judiciary Judicial Appointment System Collegium System In Second Judges case, 1992, SC held that the Collegium’s (CJI and the four senior-most judges of the SC) recommendations to President for appointment of Judges to HC & SC are binding in nature. Supreme Court has re-interpreted Article 124 and 214 of the Constitution & upheld Collegium system so as to secure Independence of Judiciary & the rule of law.  SC even struck down National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) as it strongly disapproved of any role for the political executive in the appointment of judges, saying, “reciprocity and feelings of payback to the political executive” would be disastrous to the independence of the judiciary. Procedure for Various Judicial Appointments: For CJI: In practice, it has been strictly by seniority ever since the supersession controversy of the 1970s. President appoints CJI. For SC Judges: The proposal is initiated by the CJI. The CJI consults the rest of the Collegium members, as well as the senior-most judge of the court hailing from the High Court to which the recommended person belongs. The consultees must record their opinions in writing and it should form part of the file. The Collegium sends the recommendation to the Law Minister, who forwards it to the Prime Minister to advise the President (recommendations of Collegium is binding) Criticism of Collegium System Opaqueness and a lack of transparency. Scope for nepotism. There are allegations that candidates lacking in essential attributes have been appointed routinely. It is dilution of doctrine of checks & balances (for ex: In USA, President appoints Judges of Supreme Court) Conclusion There is a heavy burden on shoulders of Judges of Collegium. One can only hope and pray that they will discharge it in consonance with constitutional oath & dispel any criticism against it. About National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) NJAC was envisaged as body to replace Collegium system to make appointments to higher Judiciary It was established by 99th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2014 but was struck down by SC as unconstitutional NJAC was to consist of the following members: Chief Justice of India (Chairperson, ex officio) Two other senior judges of the Supreme Court next to the Chief Justice of India – ex officio Union Minister of Law - ex-officio Two eminent persons (to be nominated by a committee consisting of CJI, PM and the Leader of Opposition or leader of single largest opposition party in the Lok Sabha) Connecting the dots: Judiciary & AI  Women & Judiciary Language in Judiciary Judicial Administration Reform (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1 Consider the following statements regarding Organisation of Islamic Cooperation: It is the second largest intergovernmental organization after the United Nations (UN)  India is the founding member of OIC Select the correct statements 1 Only 2 Only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2 Consider the following statements regarding Methanogens They do not require oxygen to live. They are found in swamps, dead organic matter, and even in the human gut. Select the correct statements 1 Only 2 Only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3 Which of the following disease is not caused by Aedes mosquitoes? ZIka virus  Chickengunya Yellow fever Malaria  ANSWERS FOR 9th July 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 A 2 D 3 D Must Read On Arbitration: The Indian Express On School Enrolment: Indian Express

WEEKEND WITH BABA

[WEEKEND WITH BABA] Eighth Live Session – Integrated Learning Program (ILP) – 2022 (हिंदी) by Wafi Rizvi Sir today at 5 PM

Dear Students Details Regarding the Eighth Live Session The session on इंटीग्रेटेड लर्निंग प्रोग्राम (ILP) - 2022 will be taken by Wafi Rizvi sir on 10th July (Saturday) from 5 PM - 6 PM. Zoom Session Details  Topic: Weekend with Baba - Session 8 - इंटीग्रेटेड लर्निंग प्रोग्राम (ILP) - 2022 Time: Jul 10, 2021 05:00 PM Join Zoom Meeting - https://us06web.zoom.us/j/83200184689?pwd=VjNaaTFoa3FmSzNkM2w5eWJJTnhqQT09 Meeting ID: 832 0018 4689 Passcode: 269860 Note The Zoom link will be active only on the scheduled time and date. Students will be allowed to participate in the session on a 'first come first serve' basis. To Watch Previous 'Weekend With Baba' Sessions - CLICK HERE INTEGRATED LEARNING PROGRAM (ILP) 2022 - CLICK HERE इंटीग्रेटेड लर्निंग प्रोग्राम (ILP) - 2022 - CLICK HERE You can start sharing your questions/queries/doubts with #ASKBABA (related to ILP 2022  inहिंदी) in disqus comment box below and Upvoting can follow. Remember maximum upvotes will be given priority. Feel free to share your queries because many of the questions that you are having, will be the same as other candidates. Your questions might help others in clarifying their doubts. Waiting to talk to you soon! To get Regular Updates from IASbaba, follow- TELEGRAM Channel – CLICK HERE YOUTUBE  –  CLICK HERE FACEBOOK  – CLICK HERE

AIR

Ensuring Free and Fair Assembly Elections - All India Radio (AIR) IAS UPSC

ARCHIVES Search 11th April, 2021 Spotlight here: http://www.newsonair.com/Main_Audio_Bulletins_Search.aspx TOPIC: General Studies 2 Elections The Constitution has created numerous institutions to strengthen its democratic foundations. The Election Commission was established to ensure free and fair elections for elected representatives to enjoy the genuine mandate of the people. The Supreme Court of India, in a landmark judgment, had placed the Election Commission of India and its head among the most important ‘institutions of integrity’. India’s greatest pride is that it is not only the world’s largest democracy, but it has also been able to hold country-wide elections at regular intervals on an unprecedented scale, unlike many other newly independent countries But ensuring free and fair Assembly is perhaps the toughest challenge that the Election Commission of India (ECI) will face in recent history. Here are a list of measures the ECI should take towards that end: A. Make revision of rolls transparent and fair: The ECI should directly overlook the updation of electoral rolls so that biased state government employees cannot rig the rolls and indulge in foul play. For this to happen, the ECI should – Depute its own officers and those from other states to conduct random checks on the process of revising the rolls. Special camps should be organised to receive claims and objections and central armed police forces (CAPF) and police forces from other states requisitioned by the ECI should be deployed at such camps to prevent intimidation or interference by party workers. At least one such camp should be organised for an area covered by every polling station in the state. Monitor the entire process and if any foul play by a state government employee is detected, exemplary penal action should be taken against such an employee. B. Administrative Measures: The ECI should send a stern warning to state officials, right from the Chief Secretary to the Group D staff, to work impartially without any favour or bias towards any political party. Violations should be dealt with promptly and in an exemplary manner so that the message goes down the line that any aberrations on the part of officials will not be tolerated. Also, officers who are known to be close to the current ruling dispensation should be shunted off to insignificant posts or kept on ‘compulsory waiting’ where they can do no damage or will be in no position to help the party of their choice. Better still, such IAS and IPS officers should be summoned to Delhi for the required ‘detoxification’. C. Election Observers: The ECI should start sending Election Observers to the concerned states right away to oversee fair and transparent preparation of error-free electoral rolls and in order to ensure that the state administrative and police machinery works in accordance with the Constitution. The working of the state police should be strictly monitored to ensure that the men in uniform do not favour any one party and harass Opposition activists and supporters by lodging false cases against them. D. Effective Deployment Of CAPF: The central armed police forces have to be deployed much before the elections and should be given adequate powers to prevent foul play and rigging, independent of the supervision and direction of the state police. Also, it has been observed in the past that ruling party functionaries at the grassroots levels often reach out to CAPF personnel deployed to oversee conduct of elections with offers of liquor, lavish feasts and even money and material gifts. CAPF personnel are known to have been lured by such enticements in the past. The ECI has to lay down a strict code of conduct for the CAPF personnel deployed and warn them against fraternising with any local people in the areas they are deployed in. E. Prompt Grievance Redressal: The ECI should set up a grievance redressal mechanism at the state level that deals promptly with complaints of rigging or foul play. The ECI usually takes a long time to respond to complaints and by the time it does so, the elections are long over. The ECI should, thus, respond quickly to complaints of foul play and investigate such complaints fast.  The ECI should not balk from countermanding elections in polling stations from where genuine complaints of foul play are received. All these measures will ensure free and fair polls. Without them, the polls will in all likelihood be rigged and will make a mockery of democracy. F. Elections in the times of Pandemic: Besides ensuring fair polling, the EC must ensure all safety protocols are adhered to in the current round of Assembly polls. Besides the usual norms related to sanitising and social distancing, the guidelines by the Election Commission should include reduction in the limit of electors per polling booth in order to prevent overcrowding, addition of polling stations, EVMs, restricting door-to-door canvassing to groups of five persons and many more such steps. To counter the possibility of a lower voter turnout, the EC should extend the postal ballot option to senior citizens, Covid-positive patients, persons with disabilities and voters employed in essential services, along with making use of its now famous SVEEP (Systematic Voter Education for Electoral Participation) programme. It can draft a voluntary code of ethics in collaboration with social media platforms allowing direct engagement between the two over problematic posts during election session. Note: According to Article 324-329 of the Constitution, the EC is a constitutional body that has supervisory and directional control over the complete process of elections to Parliament and Legislature of every State and to the office of the President and Vice-President of India. Connecting the Dots: The Election Commission is now the Institution for Omissions. Do you agree? Critically analyse. Many Indian states are undergoing assembly elections. Analyse the role of Election Commission in organising fair and peaceful elections.

RSTV Video

India-Netherlands Relationship – The Big Picture – RSTV IAS UPSC

Archives TOPIC: General Studies 2 India and Netherlands In News: India and the Netherlands have a strong and steady relationship, nurtured by the shared values of democracy, rule of law and respect for human rights and the historic bonds of friendship between the two countries.  Indo-Dutch relations date back to more than 400 years when the Dutch East India Company began trading in India. Diplomatic relations between India and Netherlands were established in 1947. Since then, the two countries have established strong relations, based on foundation of shared democratic ideals, pluralism, and rule of law. India’s economic growth provides opportunities for Dutch innovation and technologies. We also see that apart from new companies entering the market, the existing ones are also keen on expanding. Dutch companies like Unilever, Philips, Shell and DSM have been here for a long time and are increasing their presence in India. These companies value the talents of their Indian staff too: Abhijit Bhattacharya currently is the CFO of Philips, while Sanjiv Mehta is a board member of Unilever. India and the Netherlands have been working jointly on innovative solutions to global challenges in healthcare, water and agriculture for many years. The cleaning of the Barapullah drain in Delhi is an example. Both countries have joined hands to generate safe water from sewage streams for reuse in agriculture, thereby relieving the water scarcity in the city — and making the river clean. Global sustainable challenges represent market opportunities for companies able to develop innovative solutions. India and the Netherlands can and should work together to redirect public and private investment towards the global challenges. The Virtual Summit Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Netherlands counterpart Mark Rutte held a Virtual Summit recently and reviewed the entire spectrum of bilateral engagements. It was the first high level Summit attended by Netherlands’ PM Mark Rutte after the general elections held in March 2021.  During the Summit, the two leaders exchanged views on further expanding the relationship in trade and economy, water management, agriculture sector, smart cities, science & technology, healthcare and space. The two Prime Ministers also agreed on instituting a ‘Strategic Partnership on Water’ to further deepen the Indo-Dutch cooperation in the water related sector, and upgrading the Joint Working Group on water to Ministerial-level. Netherlands’ Indo-Pacific Policy was also welcomed. Going Forward The Dutch delegation consists of businesses, knowledge institutions and government, travelling to India to scout for opportunities in the field of horticulture, healthcare, water and maritime resilience and high-tech. With the complementary talents, knowledge and resources of both countries are optimally positioned to create cross-cutting public-private-partnerships (PPPs), boost business and foster innovation-driven growth. Dutch water management companies are increasingly active in India’s ‘Clean Ganga’ project — using the Dutch system of organising water treatment as a best practice. Affordable healthcare is another field that companies from the Netherlands are keen on exploring. India is great at cost-effective innovation and that expertise is vital to ensure the sustainability of healthcare systems globally as they are under increasing pressure due to increases in healthcare costs. Collaboration is required not only to further develop our respective economies, but also to achieve the SDGs. Note: Dutch Indian Water Alliance For Leadership Initiative (DIWALI) Dutch Indian Water Alliance For Leadership Initiative (DIWALI) was established recently between India and Netherlands  Objective: To find solutions for water related challenges  The experts from both counties would explore the potential and sustainability of Dutch Solutions to resolve challenges in specific water-challenged sites in India. Scalable, sustainable, and affordable solutions shall be given importance.  Led by: Dutch consortia titled “Water for Change. Integrative and Fit-for-Purpose Water Sensitive Design Framework for Fast-Growing Livable Cities” and IIT Roorkee as the lead and other consortia members – MANIT, Bhopal; CEPT University, Ahmedabad; IIT Gandhinagar; CWRDM, Calicut. Indians in the Netherlands: The first Indian to settle in the Netherlands is likely to have been Gerrit Mosopatam, who is believed to have made the journey with Philip Baldaeus in 1666 – he is portrayed in the Rijksmuseum, in Indian clothing and a turban. Other notable visitors come under the spotlight, including philosopher and monk swami Vivekananda who came in 1896 and commented on the ‘strange appearance of the Dutch cities with canals instead of streets’. Poet Rabindranath Tagore, the first Asian to win the Nobel prize for literature, visited in 1920 and, the ambassador writes, his mainly female audience was ‘utterly spellbound’ by his readings. Connecting the Dots: Indo-Dutch cooperation in the water related sector Historical ties between India and Netherlands

Important Articles

[WEEK 8] ESSAY 15: If development is not engendered it is endangered | BRAINSTORMING ON ETHICS & ESSAY (BEE) by Sunil Oberoi Sir

Dear Students, As part of our new initiative, BRAINSTORMING ON ETHICS & ESSAY (BEE), here we have come up with the Fifteenth session. BEE is a FREE ONLINE (YOUTUBE) initiative, exclusively for Essay and Ethics curated by IASbaba’s renowned faculty member, Shri Sunil Oberoi Sir (former IAS Officer). The Fifteenth essay focuses on the theme, ''. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVGIO-spG_E&t=2s Sunil Oberoi Sir has worked on Civil Services Reforms in India with UNDP and DoPT. He was a government nominee in interview boards and Examiner in various govt. exams. He was also associated with induction training of new entrants of Civil Services and In-Service training of Senior Civil Servants. To Know More about BEE Initiative -> CLICK HERE Download the schedule: Click Here For Any Queries: Email ID: support@iasbaba.com Mobile No: 91691 91888 (Please call between 10 AM – 6 PM ONLY)   Thank You IASbaba 

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 10th JULY 2021

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click here

Motivational Articles

[MI-STORIES]MOTIVATIONAL AND INSPIRATIONAL STORIES - A Simple Gesture !

For Previous Story -> CLICK HERE Inspirational Stories: Here is the story for this week from the new series of Inspirational and Motivational stories. One of the oldest known forms of communication is story telling. There is something primordial within us that loves stories and their tremendous impact. In this series, we aim to bring you the best of real-life stories that can inspire and motivate you. Stories always try to teach us something useful. It is one of the best ways of learning from other's mistakes and avoiding our own. Although each story has its own moral, in the comments section you can share your opinion on the moral of the story. If you are able to see something that others might have missed, you can share it for the benefit of all. Apart from just reading these awesome stories, you can also share some of the stories that have inspired you. If we find the story appropriate and useful, we will share it with all. More importantly, read these stories every week without a miss, and stay inspired.   So Here is the story for this week - A Simple Gesture !     Everybody can be great . . . because anybody can serve. You don't have to have a college degree to serve. You don't have to make your subject and verb agree to serve. You only need a heart full of grace. A soul generated by love. Martin Luther King, Jr. Mark was walking home from school one day when he noticed the boy ahead of him had tripped and dropped all of the books he was carrying, along with two sweaters, a baseball bat, a glove and a small tape recorder. Mark knelt down and helped the boy pick up the scattered articles. Since they were going the same way, he helped to carry part of the burden. As they walked Mark discovered the boy's name was Bill, that he loved video games, baseball and history, that he was having a lot of trouble with his other subjects and that he had just broken up with his girlfriend. They arrived at Bill's home first and Mark was invited in for a Coke and to watch some television. The afternoon passed pleasantly with a few laughs and some shared small talk, then Mark went home. They continued to see each other around school, had lunch together once or twice, then both graduated from junior high school. They ended up in the same high school where they had brief contacts over the years. Finally the long awaited senior year came, and three weeks before graduation, Bill asked Mark if they could talk. Bill reminded him of the day years ago when they had first met. "Do you ever wonder why I was carrying so many things home that day?" asked Bill. "You see, I cleaned out my locker because I didn't want to leave a mess for anyone else. I had stored away some of my mother's sleeping pills and I was going home to commit suicide. But after we spent some time together talking and laughing, I realized that if I had killed myself, I would have missed that time and so many others that might follow. So you see, Mark, when you picked up my books that day, you did a lot more. You saved my life."

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 9th July 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Competition Commission of India (CCI)  Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Statutory Bodies In news: The Union Cabinet has approved the Memorandum on Cooperation (MoC) between Competition Commission of India (CCI) and Japan Fair Trade Commission (JFTC).  It will promote and strengthen cooperation in the matter of Competition Law and Policy and will enable CCI to emulate and learn from the experiences of its counterpart in Japan About Competition Commission of India (CCI)  It is a statutory body established in 2003 and became fully functional in 2009.  It is responsible for enforcing The Competition Act, 2002 throughout India. The Act prohibits anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position by enterprises.  The Act regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and Merger and acquisition), which causes or likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.  CCI consists of a Chairperson and 6 Members appointed by the Central Government.  Eligibility: Person should be qualified to be a judge of a High Court, or, has special knowledge of, and professional experience of not less than fifteen years in international trade, economics, commerce, law, finance.  It is the duty of the Commission to: eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition promote and sustain competition. protect the interests of consumers. ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India.  Recent Judgements of CCI Cement companies: CCI imposed a fine of ₹63.07 billion (US$910 million) on 11 cement companies for cartelisation in June 2012.  BCCI: CCI imposed a penalty of ₹522 million (US$7.6 million) on the BCCI in 2013 for misusing its dominant position. Telecos: CCI ordered a probe into the functioning of Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) following a complaint filed by Reliance Jio against the cartelization by its rivals Bharti Airtel, Vodafone India and Idea cellular. Google: The commission ordered an antitrust probe against Google for abusing its dominant position with Android to block market rivals. Agriculture Infrastructure Fund Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - Policies and interventions In news: Some modifications were approved by the Union Cabinet in Central Sector Scheme of Financing Facility under ‘Agriculture Infrastructure Fund’. The modifications in the Scheme will help to achieve a multiplier effect in generating investments while ensuring that the benefits reach small and marginal farmers.   What is Agriculture Infrastructure Fund? It is a Central Sector Scheme under Union Ministry of Agriculture to inject formal credit into farm and farm-processing based activities. It is a part of the over Rs. 20 lakh crore stimulus package announced in response to the Covid-19 crisis. Aim: To provide medium - long term debt financing facility for investment in viable projects for post-harvest management Infrastructure and community farming assets. The funds will be provided for setting up of cold stores and chains, warehousing, silos, assaying, grading and packaging units, e-marketing points linked to e-trading platforms and ripening chambers, besides PPP projects for crop aggregation sponsored by central/state/local bodies. Duration: Financial Year 2020 to 2029. Target Beneficiaries:  Farmers, PACS, Marketing Cooperative Societies, FPOs, SHGs, Joint Liability Groups (JLG), Multipurpose Cooperative Societies, Agri-entrepreneurs, Startups, and Central/State agency or Local Body sponsored Public-Private Partnership Projects.  Features: Financial Support: Rs. 1 Lakh Crore will be provided by banks and financial institutions as loans to be provided for Agriculture Infrastructure projects. Interest Subvention: Loans will have interest subvention of 3% per annum up to a limit of Rs. 2 crore. This subvention will be available for a maximum period of seven years. CGTMSE Scheme: A credit guarantee coverage will be available for eligible borrowers from the scheme under Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) scheme for a loan up to Rs. 2 crore. Management: The fund will be managed and monitored through an online Management Information System (MIS) platform. The National, State and District level monitoring committees will be set up to ensure real-time monitoring and effective feed-back. Madurai Malli Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III - Intellectual Property Rights In news: GI certified Madurai Malli and other flowers exported to USA & Dubai from Tamil Nadu. About Madurai Malli  It is the Jasmine flower, known for its strong and powerful, mysteriously attractive & seductive fragrance.  Because of its place of origin, it is known as Madurai Malli.  It is mainly cultivated in the district of Madurai and the neighboring places of Madurai like Theni, Sivaganga, Virudhunagar and Dindigul.   It was given GI recognition in 2013.  GI protection prevents producers of similar flowers in other regions from using the specific tag and helps growers in the specific region preserve their identity in the local and global market Madurai has emerged as a major market for the malligai grown in its neighbourhood, and has evolved into the ‘jasmine capital’ of India. What is Geographical Indication (GI)? It is a sign on products having a unique geographical origin and evolution over centuries with regard to its special quality or reputed attributes. It is a mark of authenticity and ensures that registered authorized users or at least those residing inside the geographic territory are allowed to use the popular product names. GI tag in India is governed by Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration & Protection) Act, 1999.  It is issued by the Geographical Indications Registry (Chennai). What are the Benefits of GI Tag? It provides legal protection to Indian Geographical Indications thus preventing unauthorized use of the registered GIs by others. It promotes economic prosperity of producers of goods produced in a geographical territory. It leads to recognition of the product in other countries thus boosting exports. ‘Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat - Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav’ Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - Policies and interventions In news: A webinar on ‘Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat - Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav’ was organized by Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of India. What is the ‘Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat’ programme? The initiative ‘Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat’ was announced by Indian Prime Minister on 31st October 2015 on the occasion of the 140th birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. It is implemented under the overall guidance of Ministry of Education. The scheme was launched to celebrate the cultural vibrancy of India while establishing a strong mechanism to inculcate nationalism and cultural awareness among the citizens of our nation It aims to enhance interaction & promote mutual understanding between people of different states/UTs through the concept of state/UT pairing.  Under it rich culture, heritage, customs and traditions of paired states will be showcased in each other’s states This cultural exchange amongst states enables people to learn about the culture of different states and regions, promoting the spirit of national integration. Multiple initiatives have been taken up under the Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat program some of which are: Award-winning books and poetry, popular folk songs have been translated from one language to the language of the partner state Culinary events have been organised to learn culinary practices of partner states Homestay for visitors coming from partner states Rajya Darshan for Tourists Accepting the traditional attire of other states and Union Territories Exchange of information like traditional agricultural practices with partner states The scheme thus bolsters sentimental bonds among the people of different states and build the feeling of ‘One Nation’ among all the citizens of the country What is Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav? It is a series of events to be organised by the Government of India to commemorate the 75th Anniversary of India’s Independence. It will be celebrated as a Jan-Utsav in the spirit of Jan-Bhagidari. It is based on five pillars i.e. Freedom Struggle, Ideas at 75, Achievements at 75, Actions at 75 and Resolves at 75 as guiding force for moving forward keeping dreams and duties as inspiration. The Azadi Amrit Mahotsav means elixir of inspirations of the warriors of freedom struggle and also elixir of new ideas and pledges and nectar of Aatmanirbharta. Kappa and Lambda- Newest Sars-CoV-2 Variants Part of: GS Prelims and GS II - health In news Kappa and Lambda variants have been labelled as Variants of Interest (VoI) by WHO. This means that the genetic changes involved are predicted or known to affect transmissibility, disease severity, or immune escape. It is also an acknowledgement of the fact that the variant has caused significant community transmission in multiple countries and population groups What are the concerns for India? Kappa was first detected in India.  More than 3,500 of the close to 30,000 cumulative samples submitted by India to the GISAID initiative are of this variant. GISAID is a public platform started by the WHO in 2008 for countries to share genome sequences What is Lambda? Lambda is the newest VoI identified by the WHO. It was first identified in Peru in December 2020. It is the dominant variant in the South American country with 81% samples found to be carrying it. LV has at least seven significant mutations in the spike protein (the Delta variant has three) The LV has greater infectivity than the Alpha and Gamma variants (known to have originated in the UK and Brazil respectively). India has not yet reported any case of LV A study also reported decreased effectiveness of the Chinese Sinovac vaccine (Coronavac) against the Lambda variant. What is a Variant of Concern? A variant for which there is evidence of an increase in transmissibility, more severe disease (e.g., increased hospitalizations or deaths), significant reduction in neutralization by antibodies generated during previous infection or vaccination, reduced effectiveness of treatments or vaccines, or diagnostic detection failures. There are four – Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta – which have been designated as “variants of concern”, and are considered a bigger threat. These were all recently named after letters of the Greek alphabet to avoid linkage with the country of their origin that had been happening until then. ICDS Survey in Jharkhand Part of: GS Prelims and GS - II - Issues related to children In news: According to a recent survey, more than 55% did not receive Supplementary Nutrition under Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) in Jharkhand even once in the first six months of 2021. Vulnerability of Jharkhand As per National Family Health Survey-4 data, every second child in the state is stunted and underweight and every third child is affected by stunting and every 10th child is affected from severe wasting and around 70% children are anemic. What is Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)? It is centrally sponsored scheme launched in 1975. Implemented by: Ministry of Women and Child Development.  It is an umbrella scheme under which Six Schemes operate Anganwadi Services Scheme: Programme for early childhood care and development. Beneficiaries: Children in the age group of 0-6 years, pregnant women and lactating mothers It provides a package of six services namely supplementary nutrition, pre-school non-formal education, nutrition & health education, immunization, health check-up and referral services. Supplementary Nutrition includes Take Home Ration (THR), Hot Cooked Meal and morning snacks Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana: It is a centrally sponsored conditional cash transfer  Rs.5,000/- is paid in three installments directly to the Bank/Post Office Account of Pregnant Women and Lactating Mother in DBT (Direct Benefit Transfer) Mode upon fulfilling certain conditions National Creche Scheme: It provides day care facilities to children of age group of 6 months to 6 years of working women. The facilities are provided for seven and half hours a day for 26 days in a month. Children are provided with supplementary nutrition, early childcare education, and health and sleeping facilities. Scheme for Adolescent Girls: It aims at out of school girls in the age group 11-14, to empower and improve their social status through nutrition, life skills and home skills. The scheme has nutritional and non nutritional components which include nutrition; iron and folic acid supplementation; health check up and referral service; skill training; life skill education, home management etc,; counselling/ guidance on accessing public services. Child Protection Scheme: It aims to contribute to the improvement and well-being of children in difficult circumstances, as well as, reduction of vulnerabilities to situations and actions that lead to abuse, neglect, exploitation, abandonment and separation of children from parents. POSHAN Abhiyaan: It targets to reduce the level of stunting, under-nutrition, anemia and low birth weight babies by reducing mal-nutrition/undernutrition, anemia among young children as also, focus on adolescent girls, pregnant women and lactating mothers. What are the Objectives of ICDS? To improve the nutritional and health status of children in the age-group 0-6 years. To lay the foundation for proper psychological, physical and social development of the child. To reduce the incidence of mortality, morbidity, malnutrition and school dropout. To achieve effective coordination of policy and implementation amongst the various departments to promote child development. To enhance the capability of the mother to look after the normal health and nutritional needs of the child. To facilitate, educate and empower Adolescent Girls (AGs) so as to enable them to become self-reliant and aware citizens. (Mains Focus) GOVERNANCE/ SECURITY Topic: GS-2: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive; Issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Tracking Fugitives Everywhere Context: The number of cases where coordinated efforts are made to pursue fugitives – domestically or internationally – are hardly documented.  If the number of Red Corner Notices issued are of any indication, only about 750 such criminals are wanted by Indian agencies. The number of Blue Corner Notices issued is about 300. Issues Lack of Domestic Tracking System: Theoretically there exists a system of tracking criminals worldwide – through Interpol Notices and the sharing of immigration databases of different countries – but there is no coordinated system or database for tracking criminals or wanted persons domestically. Criminals remain underground exploiting Indian Police system: In the absence of such domestic tracking system, it is relatively easy for criminals from one police station/jurisdiction to melt into the population in any other area, almost undetected. Way Ahead Nationwide Database: The creation of a nationwide database of wanted persons, which could be accessible for police agencies, the public and others (like passport and immigration authorities). The Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems and the National Intelligence Grid are efforts in the right direction, but more integration is desirable. National Notice System: A nation-wide system of ‘Wanted Persons Notices’, similar to Interpol Notices, is required, to help track fugitives domestically.  Dedicated Units: Countries like the U.S. have functional inter-State extradition and fugitive tracking systems; India needs to set up such dedicated ‘fugitive tracking units’. Greater Coordination: There needs to be enhanced integration between immigration agencies, State police agencies, Interpol-New Delhi, the External Affairs Ministry and Home Ministry and central investigation agencies. Intelligence agencies also need to pool in. Bilateral Agreements for Sharing Database: India can plug its loophole by sharing its ‘wanted’ database or providing access to it to foreign embassies on a reciprocal basis or through treaties or arrangements. All this will help detect possible plans of criminals to abscond abroad. Specialised set up for International Collaboration: The entire gamut of activities pertaining to fugitives, from investigation to extradition, needs to be incorporated into a specialised set-up with an Integrated International Cooperation Division (IICD) at the top.  The IICD should have linkages with proposed fugitive tracking units at the State level. This would ensure that requisite expertise and forward-and-backward linkages are created. Conclusion  Making systems watertight would deter criminals from hoodwinking the law. Connecting the dots: Prakash Singh Reforms  Police reforms and Custodial deaths Issues faced by Police HEALTH/ GOVERNANCE Topic: GS-2: India and its neighborhood- relations.  GS-2: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests India Out campaign in Maldives Context: The Indian High Commission in the Maldives has sought government action and greater security following what it calls “recurring articles and social media posts attacking the dignity of the High Commission” and diplomats posted in the country.  ‘India Out’ campaign in Maldives had started sometime last year as on-ground protests in the Maldives and later widely spread across social media platforms under the same hashtag. It is not related to people-to-people conflict (Indian diaspora) but is discontent on close relationship between Maldivian government & India. What factors have led to such anti-India sentiments in Maldives? 1. Domestic Politics  The anti-India sentiment didn’t just sprout overnight last year, but is nearly a decade old and can be traced back to when Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayoom became president in 2013.  He used anti-India sentiments for his political mobilization and started tilting China. India-Maldives relations deteriorated during Yameen’s rule from 2013-18. Ibrahim Mohamed Solih who became President in 2018 has restored Maldives close ties with India. 2. Controversy over India’s helicopter gift Two Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopters (ALF) that were given by India to the Maldives in 2010 and in 2015,  Both of these were used for ocean search-and-rescue operations, maritime weather surveillance and for airlifting patients between islands. Yameen’s party PPM tried to portray that by gifting these helicopters, India was creating military presence in the country because they were military choppers.  This twisting of situation by political party further whipped up anti-India sentiments as Madives Citizens considered it as affront to their Sovereignty. However, Ibrahim Mohamed Solih after he assumed office in 2018 extended the stay and use of these choppers in the country.  3.Opaqueness in India-Maldives relationship A recurring complaint in Social Media is the lack of transparency in agreements being signed between the Ibrahim Solih government and India. Most of the ‘India Out’ campaign wouldn’t have arisen had these bilateral agreements been publicly discussed in the Maldives Parliament.  But the ruling government and the defence ministry saying that these agreements are confidential has further led to suspicions fuelling India Out Campaign 4. Perception of interference in Domestic Affairs India being a big neighbour, there are unsubstantiated perceptions & allegations on Indian Diplomats stationed in Maldives interfering in Domestic affairs.  Such misinformation is also one of the factor for anti-India campaigns Conclusion The mobilising of ordinary citizens through the ‘India Out’ campaign doesn’t bode well for India. So India has to work on perception management in the Maldives and need to earn the good will of the people. Connecting the dots: India’s Strategic Comfort with Maldives Recent agreements signed between India and Maldives   (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1 Consider the following statements regarding Competition Commission of India (CCI)  It is a statutory body established by Law of  Parliament The chairperson and other members are appointed by the President of India Select the correct statements 1 Only 2 Only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2 Consider the following statements regarding Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) It is implemented by Ministry of Health.  It was launched in 2001. Select the correct statements 1 Only 2 Only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3 Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat’ programme was announced on the 140th birth anniversary of which of the following Freedom fighter? Mahatma Gandhi Jawaharlal Nehru Maulana Abul kalam Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel ANSWERS FOR 9th July 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 D 2 C 3 A Must Read On death of Father Stan Swamy arrested on UAPA charges: The Hindu On Sustained Economic Recovery: Hindustan Times On Collegium System: Indian Express

[Day 40]: UPSC PRELIMS 2021- Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series

Highlights/Features of Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series:  It is a FREE initiative! Program Duration - 120 Days (31st May, 2021 to 27th September, 2021). 1. Dedicated Portal for Focused Preparation There will be a separate dedicated portal to help you stay focused and keep your preparation streamlined for the next 120 Days. The Registration link for the dedicated portal is given at the end of the post. 2. 120 Days Integrated (Prelims + Mains) Time Table This year’s RaRe Series will include Integrated Revision Plan (IRP) where we will be syncing your mains and prelims syllabus together over next 120 Days. The Revision Plan is designed by integrating IASbaba's famous flagship initiatives - 60 Day Plan and TLP Mains Answer Writing. 3. Daily RaRe Series (RRS) Videos on High Probable Topics (Monday - Friday) In video discussions, special focus is given to topics which have high probability to appear in UPSC Prelims Question Paper. Each session will be of 20 mins to 30 mins, which would cover rapid revision of 10 high probable topics (both static and current affairs) important for Prelims Exam this year according to the schedule. 4. Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday - Friday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 10 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule and in the RaRe videos. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Note: Should be integrated with the 60 Days Plan 2021. This will expose you to diverse questions from the same topics. 5. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday - Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday. Note: Current Affairs questions covered in the 60 Days Plan and Daily Quiz Monthly Compilations should be covered retrospectively. 6. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday - Friday) CSAT has been an achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. 7. Daily Mains Answer Writing (Monday - Friday) GS Mains will be covered along with Prelims in an integrated manner. Daily three Mains questions will be covered syllabus-wise according to the topics mentioned in the schedule. In total, it covers 250+ Mains Questions along with synopsis. 8. Brainstorming on Ethics & Essay (BEE) (Saturday & Sunday) Each week, Sunil Oberoi Sir (Retd. IAS) will take 3 sessions, two for Essay and one for Ethics. The two sessions earmarked for Essay will have a topic-based discussion where he will discuss the approach to write issue-based and philosophical essays. The topics will be picked from previous year question papers of UPSC and TLP initiative of IASbaba. 9. Full Mocks 3 GS Paper 1 Full Mocks will be provided along the lines of UPSC Prelims. 3 CSAT Paper 2 Full Mocks will be provided so that you are not overwhelmed during the D-Day. 10. Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes Right material plays important role in clearing the exam and Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes will have Prelims specific subject-wise refined notes. The main objective is to help students revise most important topics and that too within a very short limited time frame. Day-40 of RaRe Series - Click here To Register - Click here For complete details of the RaRe Series -  Click here

AIR

PM's Visit to Bangladesh - All India Radio (AIR) IAS UPSC

ARCHIVES Search 29th March, 2021 Spotlight here: http://www.newsonair.com/Main_Audio_Bulletins_Search.aspx TOPIC: General Studies 2 India and its neighbourhood In News: PM Modi’s first foreign visit after the COVID-19 pandemic to Bangladesh is a reiteration of his government’s focus on the neighbourhood. As Bangladesh celebrates two momentous events — 50 years of its independence, and the centenary of Bangabandhu — PM Modi’s visit to Dhaka, assumes great significance. The visit is not just an acknowledgement of the sacrifices made by the people in both countries to gain freedom, but also a commitment to advance the visionary worldview of Bangabandhu. India and Bangladesh have historically enjoyed a good relationship. Bangladesh was formerly East Pakistan. It became a part of Pakistan when the Britain divided the subcontinent into a Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan in 1947. But in 1971, Bangladesh fought for its independence from Pakistan and with the help of Indian military intervention, it became a separate country. Underlining theme and significance of the visit Analysing the relationship between the two countries in the light of the boundary accord and the spirit of cooperation and collaboration clearly highlights that India’s attitude towards Bangladesh does not stop at respect and friendship for its eastern neighbour, but also touches on other crucial aspects such as better connectivity, energy, cross-border trade, health and education. Bangladesh was among the first countries to receive Indian COVID-19 vaccines under the “Vaccine Maitri” mission. Connectivity is the core principle of PM Modi’s outreach to Bangladesh. It will energise people-to-people contact. India restored four out of the six pre-1965 cross-border rail links with Bangladesh and the remaining two shall be completed soon. The development of three other rail links is also on the anvil. The two countries are planning to double air connectivity to 120 flights a week, which has, unfortunately, been delayed due to the complications arising out of the pandemic. India and Bangladesh are also working on shared waterways for promoting trade and transport, which has seen India assisting in the dredging and deepening of over 450 km of riverways in Bangladesh. Cooperation in the power & energy sectors: The countries are also cooperating in the power and energy sectors. India is focusing on enhancing investments and creating capacity as well as infrastructure for strengthening sub-regional cooperation in power and energy connectivity. Such an effort will also help in optimum utilisation of resources in the two nations and boost trade and travel. The agreements in the oil and gas sector, road transport, medical and education, port development, space programme, artificial intelligence, civil nuclear cooperation are going to add new dimensions to the Indo-Bangla ties. Boosting Regional cooperation: PM Modi’s efforts are focused on encouraging and facilitating travel between the neighbours which will not only boost business and commerce, but will also have a spillover effect on education, medical treatment and tourism. The active collaboration and cooperation between India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan under the BBIN Group is yet another initiative of PM Modi in boosting regional cooperation. Cross-border connectivity and economic linkages will play a crucial role as the world, along with India and Bangladesh, comes together to chart out a roadmap to deal with the death and devastation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. MoUs Signed recently India and Bangladesh recently signed 5 MoUs in the fields of Disaster Management, trade, NCC, ICT and setting up of sports facilities recently.  Foundation stone was laid for infrastructure development for power evacuation facilities from the Rooppur Nuclear power plant. The Bangladesh leg of the Banagabandhu-Bapu Digital Exhibition was inaugurated by the two Prime Ministers. It will be taken to other parts of the world including the UN. Both the leaders also unveiled the foundation stone for the construction of a memorial at Ashuganj honoring the martyrs of Indian armed forces in the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh. India gifted 109 life support ambulances to Bangladesh and also 1.2 million doses of the Covishield vaccine. Three border haats were also opened along the India-Bangladesh border. A direct passenger train named ‘Mitali Express’ will run between Dhaka and New Jalpaiguri. Indian Prime Minister invited 50 young entrepreneurs from Bangladesh to connect with India’s start up ecosystem 1000 Subarno Jayanti Scholarships were announced for the Bangladeshi students to study in India at the Undergraduate and postgraduate levels. A Bangabandhu Chair will be established at Delhi University to facilitate Bangladesh studies. Both countries agreed to start a new area of cooperation in the Civil nuclear and space sectors. Following places were visited by Indian Prime Minister on his Bangladesh visit: Birthplace of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at Tungipara.  Jeshoreshwari temple in Satkhira.  Harimandir in Orakandi and addressed the representatives of the Matua community. The Protest and Violence that followed A group of Muslim worshippers held a protest on 26 March after Friday prayers at a mosque in the city. Soon, clashes erupted and police used tear gas and batons to disperse the crowd. Protests then spread to other parts of the country and a hardline Islamist group, Hefazat-e-Islam, called for a nationwide shut down on 28 March to protest the attacks on those who held rallies against Mr Modi's visit. Dhaka and the eastern district of Brahmanbaria witnessed some of the worst violence. Buses, a train, a Hindu temple and several properties were damaged. The protests were led by Islamists, students of madrassas (religious schools) and left-wing groups opposed to Mr Modi's visit to Bangladesh. They accused him of pursuing anti-Muslim policies. But why? Recent Elections & NRC:  In recent election campaigns in the border states of West Bengal and Assam, Mr Modi and other senior BJP leaders have often raised the issue of alleged unauthorised immigration from Bangladesh. Bangladeshi officials have denied the accusation. In a 2019 election rally, Home Minister Amit Shah described illegal immigrants as "termites", adding that the BJP government would "pick up infiltrators one by one and throw them into the Bay of Bengal". Mr Shah's comments drew sharp criticism from rights groups and triggered anger in Bangladesh too. But the repeated references to unauthorised Muslim immigrants from Bangladesh, especially during polarising election campaigns, have caused resentment in Dhaka. Ms Hasina's government, which is seen as pro-India by the opposition, is facing domestic pressure. In 2019, Mr Modi's government passed a contentious citizenship law that would give asylum to religious minorities fleeing persecution from Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh. By definition, that does not include Muslims.The Citizenship Amendment Act was seen as anti-Muslim and it drew widespread criticism from India's opposition parties and rights groups. Ms Hasina went on the defensive and denied that minorities were fleeing Bangladesh due to religious persecution. Hindus constitute around 8% of Bangladesh's population of more than 160 million. At one point Bangladesh even cancelled a few high-profile ministerial visits to India following domestic criticism of the citizenship law and a proposed National Register of Citizens (NRC). The final NRC in Assam has left out nearly two million, including Hindus and Muslims, who ostensibly lacked sufficient documentation to prove that they were not unauthorised immigrants from Bangladesh. Hindu hardliners want the Muslims who have not made it to the list to be deported to Bangladesh. Border Issues: Another thorn in the bilateral relationship is the killing of Bangladeshi civilians along the border by Indian security forces. Rights groups allege that more than 300 people have been killed since 2011 and the shootings have triggered widespread anger in Bangladesh.Indian officials say most of those killed are smugglers from criminal gangs. But Bangladesh maintains that many of the victims were civilians. Activists point out that despite repeated assurances from Delhi, the killings have not stopped. Connecting the dots: India-Bangladesh shares a healthy relationship which encourages competition as well as complimentary behaviour. Analyse. Issues related to water resources between India and Bangadesh.