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TLP Mains Answer Writing

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 3 Questions [2nd September,2021] – Day 169

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome to IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 3 Questions [2nd Sep,2021] – Day 169 TLP (Phase 1) just got over on 8th May (Saturday) and we are extremely thankful for your active participation to make this program a success. Well, though TLP (Phase 1) got over, ‘Picture abhi baaqi hai mere dost’. There is a surprise for you. Since prelims is bound to get delayed once again this year, its not wise to leave the writing practice just now. Hence, we are extending the TLP program  We will be posting 3 questions per day (Monday to Friday). The questions will be based on Current Affairs, so that you don’t have to invest your time separately on exclusively mains oriented topics. So, keep practicing and keep improving. To Know More about TLP  -> CLICK HERE For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. What strategic leverage can India enjoy by maintaining close ties with the Maldives? Explain. (10 Marks) मालदीव के साथ घनिष्ठ संबंध बनाकर भारत किस रणनीतिक लाभ का आनंद ले सकता है? समझाएं। 2. How can India’s soft power be leveraged in the subcontinent and to what advantage? Suggest. (10 Marks) भारत की नरम शक्ति का उपमहाद्वीप में कैसे और क्या लाभ उठाया जा सकता है? सुझाव दें। 3. What are the major issues of convergence and confrontation between India and Afghanistan? Examine. (15 Marks) भारत और अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के बीच अभिसरण और टकराव के प्रमुख मुद्दे क्या हैं? जांच करें। AWARE ( Answer Writing REdefined) Series - 7 Steps to Master Answer Writing Skills by Mohan Sir - CLICK HERE P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

TLP Mains Answer Writing

SYNOPSIS [31st August,2021] Day 167: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE SYNOPSIS [31st August,2021] Day 167: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies) 1. Panchayati Raj system in India requires second-generation reforms to secure grassroots development through democratic grassroots governance. Comment.  Approach Define in general terms what is meant by PRI.In next part mention why there is a clamour for reform with help of some examples.Then proceed to address the second part of question on second generation reforms needed for better functioning of PRIs.In conclusion make an assertion on how these set of reforms will be beneficial for an effective PRI . Introduction Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) is a system of rural local self-government in India. Local Self Government is the management of local affairs by such local bodies who have been elected by the local people.PRI was constitutionalised through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 to build democracy at the grass roots level and was entrusted with the task of rural development in the country.In its present form and structure PRI has completed 27 years of existence. However, a lot remains to be done in order to further decentralisation and strengthen democracy at the grass root level. Issues being faced by Panchayat Raj Institution The grey area is the lack of adequate funds. There is a need to enlarge the domain of panchayats to be able to raise their own funds. The interference of area MPs and MLAs in the functioning of panchayats also adversely affected their performance. The 73rd amendment only mandated the creation of local self-governing bodies, and left the decision to delegate powers, functions, and finances to the state legislatures, therein lies the failure of PRIs. The transfer of various governance functions—like the provision of education, health, sanitation, and water was not mandated. Instead the amendment listed the functions that could be transferred, and left it to the state legislature to actually devolve functions. There has been very little devolution of authority and functions in the last 26 years. Because these functions were never devolved, state executive authorities have proliferated to carry out these functions. The most common example is the terrible state water boards. The major failure of the Amendment is the lack of finances for PRIs. Local governments can either raise their own revenue through local taxes or receive intergovernmental transfers. The power to tax, even for subjects falling within the purview of PRIs, has to be specifically authorised by the state legislature. The 73rd Amendment let this be a choice open to the state legislatures—a choice that most states have not exercised. A second avenue of revenue generation is intergovernmental transfers, where state governments devolve a certain percentage of their revenue to PRIs. The constitutional amendment created provisions for State Finance Commissions to recommend the revenue share between state and local governments. However, these are merely recommendations and the state governments are not bound by them. Though finance commissions, at every level, have advocated for greater devolution of funds, there has been little action by states to devolve funds. PRIs are reluctant to take on projects that require any meaningful financial outlay, and are often unable to solve even the most basic local governance needs. PRIs also suffer from structural deficiencies i.e. no secretarial support and lower levels of technical knowledge which restricted the aggregation of bottom up planning . There is a presence of adhocism i.e. lack of clear setting of agenda in gram sabha, gram samiti meetings and no proper structure. Though women and SC/STs has got representation in PRIs through reservation mandated by 73rd amendment but there is a presence of Panch-Pati and Proxy representation in case of women and SC/STs representatives respectively. Accountability arrangements remain very weak even after 26 years of PRIs constitutional arrangement. The issue of ambiguity in the division of functions and funds has allowed concentration of powers with the states and thereby restraining the elective representatives who are more aware and sensitive to the ground level issues to take control. Second generation reforms: Effective devolution: The 2013 expert committee laid out in detail how to achieve this through the device of “activity mapping”.Devolution is necessary for any institution to be innovative and independent. It would involve clear identification of where competence, authority and accountability lie. Giving the Gram Panchayats the responsibilities of asset creation, operation, and maintenance, while involving it in the planning process through the Gram Sabha; giving the middle tiers responsibilities for human capital development; and giving higher levels of government the responsibility of policy, standards and monitoring of outcomes. Activity maps should be incorporated in the guidelines of all centrally sponsored schemes. The massive amounts of money earmarked for poverty alleviation should be sent directly to gram panchayat accounts.This will make citizens directly participate in decisions related to spending the funds and planning collectively. Financial incentivisation of the states to encourage effective devolution to the panchayats of the three Fs — functions, finances, functionaries. District planning based on grassroots inputs received from the village, intermediate and district levels through people’s participation in the gram and ward sabhas. Social audit should be made a mandatory feature. This will ensure transparency and make the process much more participatory. Empowerment of panchayat members, especially the women (so that they no more remain mere proxy for their male counterparts) through adequate training. Conclusion These above outlined steps will constitute a useful beginning for second-generation reforms to secure grassroots development through democratic grassroots governance.It has taken a generation to get to where we have and we need perhaps another generation to achieve with satisfaction the evolution in grassroots governance and development.These reforms are necessary to make Gram panchayats an effective instrument of direct democracy as envisaged in directive principles of State policy. 2. Do you think lateral entry into the civil services would ensure better governance? Critically examine.  Approach  Define what is meant by lateral entry in context of civil services.In next part mention what new qualities can the lateral entrants bring with them.Further write what are the limitations of lateral entry.In conclusion take a balanced view on need of both the systems in present context. Introduction Lateral entry means when personnel from the private sector are selected to an administrative post of the government despite them not being selected in or being part of a bureaucratic setup.Lateral entry is needed because contemporary times require highly skilled and motivated individuals at the helm of administrative affairs, without which public service delivery mechanisms do not work smoothly.But this cannot be done at altar of social equity, transparency, and accountability. Body In today’s world, administration has increasingly become complex. There are time and again suggestions from various committees like 2ARC to have lateral entry into civil service to gain from best available talent. Lateral entry is expected to improve governance by Efficient and effective delivery of services.For example Nandan Nilekani the founder of Infosys led to development of Aadhar card,  Aadhar today has eliminated ghost beneficiaries and delivered services to the needy. Certain areas like economic affairs, commerce, climate change, new and renewable energy have become significant in today’s globalised world where technical expertise from outside talent comes handy.Ex: Former PM of India Manmohan Singh was a lateral entrant who anchored  LPG reforms of 1991.  Domain Expertise: The government’s idea is to bring in domain expertise from the private sector to the Central administration which helps address the complexity of present day administration Augments the availability of manpower: The government also faces a shortage of IAS (Indian Administrative Service) officers working on deputation in the Centre, this option of lateral entrants will help address this problem. To induct competitiveness: Another objective of inducting specialists is to improve efficiency and create competition in governance delivery which is criticised for being status-quoist and conservative in its functioning. Aligned with Liberalisation Policy:  After liberalisation in 1991, markets are playing critical role in administration. In such environment, regulatory capacity of govt. is critical which depend upon the up to date knowledge of administrators, which require fresh intake from private sector. Participatory Governance: In the present times governance is becoming more participatory and multi actor endeavour, thus lateral entry provides stakeholders such as the private sector and non-profits an opportunity to participate in governance process. However, it is quite difficult to say that lateral entry will ultimately improve governance because Lack of Reservation: Groups representing SCs, STs and OBCs have protested the fact that there is no reservation in these appointments. Issue of transparency: The key to the success of lateral entry would lie in selecting the right people in a manner which is open and transparent. The selection process conducted by credible Constitutional body like UPSC partly address this problem. Incoherence in Value System: Private sector approach is profit oriented on the other hand motive of Government is public service. This is also a fundamental transition that a private sector person has to make while working in government. Internal Resistance: Lateral entry is faces resistance from serving Civil Servants who would have worked within the system for years and in line for occupying such top level posts. A lateral entry can thus be met with resistance from the existing bureaucrats Conflict of interest: The movement from private sector raises issues of potential conflict of interest. This issue requires stringent code of conduct for entrants from private sectors to ensure conflict of interest is not detrimental to public good. Lack of specific criteria: The criteria laid out in the advertisement were broad-based, and so failed to provide a narrow window to attract people of eminence or domain experts in the fields advertised for. Lack of Institutionalised Process: Lateral entry is being done on temporary and ad hoc basis. This cannot be a sustainable model of human resource management. Conclusion An efficient and effective administration is needed for a country to progress rapidly and therefore the quality of bureaucracy plays an important role in determining the overall performance of administration.In this context there is a need to enhance the skill sets of existing bureaucracy and the new entrants which are being recruited, while lateral entry should be focused for delivering specific goals which the traditional bureaucracy lacks today and this will ensure and equal competition between both the recruits.The mission Karmayogi and the selected lateral entry initiated by government of India are right steps in this direction. 3. There has been an impetus on ‘participative governance’ in recent times. What do you understand by this concept? Is governance in India truly participative? Give your views.  Approach Define what is participative governance.In next part mention benefits and instruments of participatory governance in India.Write some examples for steps taken in recent times.In conclusion write what more can be done in this regard. Introduction Participatory governance is a form of democracy in which citizens are involved in the decisions about public policy that affect their lives. It gives citizens a central role in the making of particular decisions through various means like public discussion, negotiations and voting. Participatory governance strives to create opportunities for all members of a population to make meaningful contributions to policy-making. Body Participatory development attempts to introduce a bottom-up style of development in order to remedy the government-led approach’s shortcomings, specifically by focusing on qualitative improvements in local society’s participation. Importance of people’s participation in a democracy: Good governance: People’s participation is essential for good governance and is the backbone of the democratic process. When people express their views and opinions, it becomes possible for a government to effectively execute various welfare measures listening to people’s grievances. It is significant in various policy and decision making processes undertaken by the government. Feedback mechanism: People’s participation helps the government in understanding the viewpoints of citizens and gather feedback. This helps them to make policies implementation better and plugging various loopholes regarding various welfare measures. Better policy implementation: Without people’s participation any effort made for their welfare does not give desired results. People’s participationis important, especially where policy seeks to make a behaviour change. For example, Swachh Bharat abhiyan, beti bachao beti padao etc. are made successful due to the drive to involve people at a local Accountability: People’s participation makes the government accountable to them. It creates a 2 way mechanism in which the government understands the issues of citizens better and people learn about government efforts in a better way. Thereby removing misunderstandings and making the government accountable and answerable to people. For example, RTI has increased accountability in government due to increased participation of citizens. Participatory governance in India: Universal adult franchise which has been incorporated in India from the independence itself ensures that each citizen of the country lays an important role in governance of nation by electing the government. Panchayati Raj Institutions- Gram sabhas, tribal councils, autonomous districts etc.These have been instrumental in empowering people at grassroots level to take their own decisions in development of the village and district. Social audit: These are audits done by civil society and people who are impacted by various policies and decisions of government.It makes government accountable towards people.It also decreases corruption, saves essential resources and spur political development of people. Pressure groups, NGOs : The civil society in India has played a greater role in making government privy of the issues which vulnerable groups faces and also to design an effective policy.The reforms such as amendments in Dowry act, the Sati act, The right to information act all have been effectively implemented with pressure groups movement. Media: Media has been an important pillar to raise the voice of people, make them part of governance process by asking people’s questions to the centre’s of power.The amendments in criminal laws regarding sexual offences after Nirbhaya case was mainly due to media focussing on peoples demands. Recent impetus on participatory governance in India. India has recently started a programme called MyGov to facilitate citizen-government dialogues on important governance matters.In this the government asks for suggestions on various policies to know what are demands of citizen. The digital age has empowered citizens, across all ages, to be more aware and expect more from their governments. This knowledge helps people to participate in governance. Right to Information Act has empowered people to understand the government in better fashion, bringing in transparency.Various acts of corruption have been exposed through RTI act where the coal case, Assam fodder scam and Adarsh scam are few examples. Social audits are increasingly being incorporated in legislation itself.For example MGNREGA has social audits mentioned in its act itself. The Mann ki bat module of Indian prime minister connects government directly to people which make people participate and share their views. The laws and new policies before being enacted are being released in public for elucidating views, this helps to people contribute in legislative functions. Conclusion Participatory governance truly empowers citizens and ensures good governance.The government of India has taken various measures to increase the citizens participation in decision making over the last years.But still more needs to be done in this sector as compared to western democracies Indian democracy still lacks in citizens participation.These can be done trough  Improving citizen competence through empowerment, and capacity building should be focused on. This will make citizens’ involvement truly participative. It will help tackle the issue of proxy representation as seen in case of women members of local bodies. The state machinery must have an appetite to warmly accept feedback and undertake improvement mid-way through established programmes. Mechanisms like social auditing needs to be institutionalised. TLP Synopsis Day 167 PDF

IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 1st September 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) UNSC resolution addresses ‘key concerns’ on Afghanistan: India Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-II- International Relations  Context: India-led United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 2593 addressed India’s “key concerns” on Afghanistan. Russia and China Who are among the Permanent members of UNSC abstained from The resolution. About resolution 2593  The resolution called on the Taliban to keep their commitments on preventing terror groups in Afghanistan. It urged them to assist the safe evacuations of all Afghan nationals wishing to lead the country.  It mentions individuals designated by Resolution 1267 also, which includes the Lashkar E Taiba and Jaish-e- Muhammad. About UNSC The UNSC is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations  It is charged with the maintenance of international peace and security. Powers: Establishment of peacekeeping operations, establishment of international sanctions, and the authorization of military action through Security Council resolutions. It is the only UN body with the authority to issue binding resolutions to member states. The Security Council consists of fifteen members.  Permanent members (P5): Russia, UK, France, China, and USA  These permanent members can veto any substantive Security Council resolution, including those on the admission of new member states or candidates for Secretary-General. The Security Council also has 10 non-permanent members, elected on a regional basis to serve two-year terms.  The body’s presidency rotates monthly among its 15 members. About Resolution 1267 Resolution 1267 was adopted unanimously on 15 October 1999.  The UNSC designated Osama bin Laden and associates as terrorists and established a sanctions regime to cover individuals and entities associated with Al-Qaida, Osama bin Laden and/or the Taliban wherever located. Since the US invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 which ended recently, the sanctions have been applied to individuals and organizations in all parts of the world. There was no right of appeal against listing until December 2006. Do you know? India had assumed the Presidency of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) recently. It is India’s first Presidency during its 2021-22 tenure as a non-permanent member of Security COuncil. Recently, the USA exited Afghanistan completely after 20 years of its invasion. Economy grows 20.1% in Q1 Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III Economy  Context: India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 20.1% in the first quarter of 2021-22. In the corresponding quarter a year ago, the 24.4% contraction was recorded. However, economic activity still remained well below the pre-pandemic levels, due to the second wave of COVID-19. Key takeaways Gross Value Added (GVA) in the economy (April to June) rose 18.8%, as per the National Statistical Office (NSO), from a 22.2% dip in the first quarter of 2020-21. Electricity, gas, water supply and other utility services was the only sector along with agriculture, forestry and fishing, to recover beyond the pre-pandemic levels of 2019-20. What is the difference between GDP and GVA? Gross value added (GVA) is defined as the value of output less (minus) the value of intermediate consumption.  It is used to measure the output or contribution of a particular sector.  When such GVAs from all sectors (∑ GVA) are added together along with adding taxes and reducing subsidies,  we can get the GDP (at market price).  GVA thus shows the production contribution of a particular sector and GDP shows the production contribution of  the  economy. China opens first road-rail transport link to Indian Ocean Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-II- International Relations  Context:  A new rail line providing China with access to the Indian Ocean via Myanmar was opened recently on the Chinese side of the border. The rail line will enable China to trans-ship cargo from Singapore Port via Myanmar. The rail line stretches from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, to Lincang, a prefecture-level city in China’s Yunnan Province opposite Chin Shwe Haw, a border trade town in Myanmar’s northeastern Shan State. Importance of the route The route (Check out the given map) is the first to link western China with the Indian Ocean.  It will significantly reduce the time needed to import cargo to landlocked Yunnan Province.  The route is expected to become the lifeblood of international trade for China and Myanmar, while providing a source of income for Myanmar’s military regime.  Economic cooperation zone in Chin Shwe Haw Meanwhile, measures are under way to establish a border economic cooperation zone in Chin Shwe Haw as part of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).  The planned zone will become an intermediate economic hub for Yunnan Province’s imports and exports.  Do you know?  This passage connects the logistics lines of Singapore, Myanmar and China, and is currently the most convenient land and sea channel linking the Indian Ocean with southwest China  Sweat Equity Rules: SEBI Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III - Economy  Context: Recently, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has brought into effect the SEBI (Share Based Employee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations, 2021. The regulations have widened the scope of employees who can be offered stock (equity) options. SEBI has merged the SEBI (Share Based Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014 (SBEB Regulations) and the SEBI (Issue of Sweat Equity) Regulations, 2002 (Sweat Equity Regulations). SEBI is a statutory body established in accordance with the provisions of the SEBI Act, 1992. Its basic function is to protect the interests of investors in securities and to regulate the securities market. What is Sweat Equity?  Sweat equity is a non-monetary contribution that the individuals or founders of a company make towards the company. Cash-strapped startups and business owners typically use sweat equity to fund their companies. It will be issued for providing the know-how or making available rights in the form of intellectual property rights or value additions. The maximum yearly limit that can be issued by a listed company has been prescribed at 15% of the existing paid-up equity share capital  It will be applicable for 10 years from the date of the company’s incorporation. Merger of three jumbo black holes spotted Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III - Awareness in Space  Context: A rare merging of three supermassive black holes has been spotted by a team of astrophysicists in India. Key takeaways  All three merging black holes were part of galaxies in the Toucan constellation. The discovery was made using data from the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) onboard the first Indian space observatory ASTROSAT, the European integral field optical telescope called MUSE mounted on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile and infrared images from the optical telescope (IRSF) in South Africa. What is the significance of the discovery?  Presence of a third black hole solves the final parsec problem. If two galaxies collide, their black hole will also come closer by transferring the kinetic energy to the surrounding gas.  The distance between the blackholes decreases with time until the separation is around a parsec (3.26 light-years). The two black holes are then unable to lose any further kinetic energy to get even closer and merge.  This is known as the final parsec problem. How does the presence of a third black hole solve this problem? The two black holes can come closer when another black hole or a star passes by and takes away some of their combined angular momentum.  Thus, the dual merging blackholes merge with each other in the presence of a third. What is a black hole? A black hole is an object in space that is so dense and has such strong gravity that no matter or light can escape its pull.  The boundary at the edge of a black hole is called the event horizon, which is the point of no return.  Anything that crosses the event horizon is destined to fall to the very centre of the black hole and be squished into a single point with infinite density, called the singularity. (News from PIB) INS Tabar Exercises with Moroccan Navy Part of: GS Prelims  In News:   INS Tabar, as part of her overseas deployment, made a port call at Casablanca in Morocco on 25 and 26 Aug 21. The ship participated in a Maritime Partnership Exercise with Royal Moroccan Navy ship ‘Lieutenant Colonel Arrahman’ off Casablanca port.  Evolutions like communication drills, replenishment at sea procedures and naval manoeuvres were undertaken during the exercise.  The exercise concluded with the traditional ‘Steam Past’ between the two ships to bid farewell to each other. About INS Tabar: INS Tabar (translates as "battle axe") is the third of the Talwar-class frigate of the Indian Navy. The frigate was commissioned on 19 April 2004 in Kaliningrad, Russia. INS Tabar is a well-equipped warship that has the ability to handle air/surface/sub-surface missions or defending herself operating either independently on maritime missions or supporting a larger naval task force. News Source: PIB PM to release a special commemorative coin on the occasion of 125th Birth Anniversary of Srila Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Ji on 1st September Part of: GS Prelims  In News:   Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi will release a special commemorative coin of ₹ 125 and will also address the gathering, on the occasion of the 125th Birth Anniversary of Srila Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Ji on 1st September 2021. About Srila Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Ji: Swami ji born Abhay Charan De, was an Indian spiritual teacher and the founder-acharya (preceptor) of the the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) commonly known as the "Hare Krishna movement that translated Shrimad Bhagvad Geeta and other Vedic literature in 89 languages, playing a stellar role in dissemination of Vedic literature across the world. Swamiji also established over a hundred temples and wrote several books, teaching the path of Bhakti Yoga to the world. He has been described as a charismatic leader who was successful in acquiring followers in many countries including the United States, Europe and India. His mission was to propagate throughout the world Gaudiya Vaishnavism, a school of Vaishnavite Hinduism that had been taught to him by his guru, Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati. News Source: PIB (Mains Focus) INTERNATIONAL / SECURITY GS-2: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.  GS-2: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests It’s time to build BRICS better Context: The 13th BRICS summit (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) is set to be held on September 9 in digital format under India’s chairmanship.  India held the chair in 2012 and 2016 too.  Importance of BRICS: It represents 42% of the world’s population, 30% of the land area, 24% of global GDP and 16% of international trade. Successes of BRICS It tried to serve as a bridge between the Global North and Global South.  It actively championed for multipolarity in world (against dominance of US) It developed a common perspective on a wide range of global and regional issues (Ex: Climate Change & Trade)  It established the New Development Bank. It created a financial stability net in the form of Contingency Reserve Arrangement. It is on the verge of setting up a Vaccine Research and Development Virtual Centre. Challenges of the grouping India aligning with US and Russia-China coming together in geopolitics. India-China relations at the lowest since China’s aggression in Ladakh in 2020. Serious internal challenges preoccupying both Brazil and South Africa (Political instability). Inadequate trade and investment ties among its member states and China’s centrality & dominance of intra-BRICS trade flows. BRICS countries have not done enough to assist the Global South to win their optimal support for their agenda.  As the current chair, India has outlined four priorities Though not a new goal, India wants BRICS to pursue reform of multilateral institutions ranging from the UN, World Bank, IMF, WTO and WHO.  Combat terrorism by crafting the BRICS Counter Terrorism Action Plan containing specific measures to fight radicalisation, terrorist financing and misuse of the Internet by terrorist groups Promoting technological and digital solutions for the Sustainable Development Goals  Expanding people-to-people cooperation among BRICS countries in the post-COVID era where travel restrictions are lifted. Conclusion The idea of BRICS – a common pursuit of shared interests by the five emerging economies from four continents – is fundamentally sound and relevant.  The governments have invested huge political capital in pushing the BRICS experiment forward. Therefore, the strains in the grouping needs to be addressed to keep alive the relevance of it. Connecting the dots: Takeaway from 12th BRICS Summit Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Reclaiming SAARC from the ashes of 2020 DISASTER MANAGEMENT/ GOVERNANCE GS-3: Disaster and disaster management.  GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Mumbai Climate Action Plan Context: The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) is drafting a Mumbai Climate Action Plan (MCAP) in a bid to tackle climate challenges. It recently launched a website for the same. Do You Know? Mumbai joined C40 Cities group in December 2020.  There are 97 cities across the world connected in C40 Cities, who are pushed to develop and implement climate action plans to address climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emission significantly. What is the Mumbai Climate Action Plan? Amid warnings of climate change leading to extreme weather events in the city, the civic body has started preparing the Mumbai Climate Action Plan (MCAP).  It will look at climate resilience with mitigation and adaptation strategies by focusing on six areas —  Sustainable waste management Urban greening and biodiversity Urban flooding and water resource management Building energy efficiency Air quality Sustainable mobility The plan is expected to be ready by November ahead of the United Nations Climate Change (COP26) conference. Why does Mumbai need a climate action plan? As per a study conducted by the World Resource Institute (WRI) India on Mumbai’s vulnerability assessment, the city will face two major climate challenges— Rise in temperature  Extreme rain events which will lead to flooding. IPCC has warned that at least 12 Indian coastal cities including Mumbai will face sea rise of 0.1 metres to 0.3 metres in next three decades due to climate change. In February 2020, a report from McKinsey India stated that by 2050, Mumbai will see a 25% increase in the intensity of flash floods and a 0.5 metre rise in sea level, which will affect two to three million people living within 1-km from the coastline. Since 2007, the city has seen a constant rise in temperature mainly due to concretization, lack of green cover and housing density. The average rise in temperature is up to 1 degree Celsius in these 14 years. City has witnessed increase in the number of extremely heavy rainfall events. Mumbai has seen, on an average, six heavy (64.5 – 115.5 mm), five very heavy (115.6 – 204.4 mm) and four extremely heavy (> 204.5 mm) rain events per year. Mumbai’s climate action plan will help set a vision and implement strategies to fight these climate challenges with mitigation and adaptation steps What is the greenhouse gas emission of the city? The data show that Mumbai’s greenhouse gas emission was 34.3 million tonnes in 2019. 71% came from the energy sector which is mainly based on coal.  24% is from transport,  Remaining 5% from solid waste management. As per the data, 95 per cent of Mumbai’s electricity is coal-based and needs to be shifted to renewable energy to bring down emissions. How does BMC plan to tackle the climate challenges? To minimise the impact of climate change, the MCAP will focus on reduction of greenhouse gas emission by sectors, and consumption patterns, for the near term (2030), medium term (2040) and long-term (2050). To better adapt to increasing climate risks so as to make “climate resilient Mumbai”, following steps will be taken Vulnerability assessment Increasing community resilience capacities in vulnerable neighborhoods Building climate resilient infrastructure  Nurturing robust natural systems Connecting the dots: Urban Floods: Time for a ‘sponge cities’ mission in India South Asian Flash Flood Guidance System Floods in Europe: Let’s make room for the river (AIR Spotlight) Spotlight 27 (Aug): THE LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN AFGHANISTAN AND INDIA'S EVACUATION EFFORTS. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chP8fIZuAPo INTERNATIONAL/ SECURITY GS-2: India and its neighbourhood. GS-2: Impact of politics of other countries on India Afghanistan and India's Evacuation Efforts Context: External affairs minister S Jaishankar called its operation to evacuate its citizens from war-torn Afghanistan as ‘Operation Devi Shakti’ and saluted the efforts of Indian Air Force and Air India. The latest developments in Afghanistan: Amid a massive evacuation effort by western troops, a suspected suicide bomb exploded outside Kabul airport in Afghanistan on Thursday, killing at least 13 people including children, civilians and US service members. Thousands of people have been gathering outside the Kabul airport in recent days with western troops racing to evacuate foreigners and Afghans to get out of the war-torn country by an Aug 31 deadline after the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan. About India’s evacuation effort: India has so far evacuated nearly 620 people, including 500 of its nationals, on flights from Kabul, Dushanbe and Doha.  Nearly 200 people – including diplomats, officials and security personnel posted at the Indian embassy and some Indian nationals – were flown out of Kabul within two days of the Taliban marching into the Afghan capital on August 15. The evacuation flights have involved the C-130 and C-17 aircraft of the IAF and Air India’s aircraft. However, flights by military aircraft from the Afghan capital to India have had to take longer routes through Iranian airspace in order to avoid flying over Pakistan. India is carrying out the evacuation missions in coordination with the US and several other countries. India’s priorities in the circumstances: India’s priorities in the Afghan crisis and evacuation effort have been as follow: Evacuation of Indian nationals, safety of our diplomatic personnel. Assistance to Afghan nationals in distress. Providing leadership - Neighbourhood First. International coordination and humanitarian efforts.  UNSC Special Session chaired by India on Afghanistan. Upcoming UNHRC Session in Geneva.  UN 1988 Sanctions Committee chaired by India. Can you answer this question now? Discuss the role India played in evacuating the Indians in Afghanistan amidst the crisis. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1) Consider the following statements:  The dual merging blackholes cannot merge with each other in the presence of a third blackhole If two galaxies collide, their black hole will also come closer by transferring the kinetic energy to the surrounding gas.  A black hole is an object in space that has zero density and has such strong gravity that no matter or light can escape its pull. Which of the above statement is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 only 1 and 3 only 1,2 and 3 Q.2) Resolution 1267 deals with which of the following?  Reducing greenhouse gas emissions Eradication of poverty Eliminating TB from South Asian countries  Designating terrorists Q.3) Consider the following statements about a new rail line opened by China that gives it access to the Indian Ocean: The rail line will enable China to trans-ship cargo from Singapore Port via Myanmar. It will significantly reduce the time needed to import cargo to landlocked Yunnan Province. Which of the above statement is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 ANSWERS FOR 31st August 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 A 2 D 3 A Must Read On managing Natural resources: A model in Meghalaya: The Hindu On Palm Oil Production: The Tribune On Samagra Shiksha 2.0: Indian Express

Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series for UPSC

[Day 94]: UPSC PRELIMS 2021- Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series

Highlights/Features of Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series:  It is a FREE initiative! Program Duration - 120 Days (31st May, 2021 to 27th September, 2021). 1. Dedicated Portal for Focused Preparation There will be a separate dedicated portal to help you stay focused and keep your preparation streamlined for the next 120 Days. The Registration link for the dedicated portal is given at the end of the post. 2. 120 Days Integrated (Prelims + Mains) Time Table This year’s RaRe Series will include Integrated Revision Plan (IRP) where we will be syncing your mains and prelims syllabus together over next 120 Days. The Revision Plan is designed by integrating IASbaba's famous flagship initiatives - 60 Day Plan and TLP Mains Answer Writing. 3. Daily RaRe Series (RRS) Videos on High Probable Topics (Monday - Friday) In video discussions, special focus is given to topics which have high probability to appear in UPSC Prelims Question Paper. Each session will be of 20 mins to 30 mins, which would cover rapid revision of 10 high probable topics (both static and current affairs) important for Prelims Exam this year according to the schedule. 4. Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday - Friday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 10 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule and in the RaRe videos. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Note: Should be integrated with the 60 Days Plan 2021. This will expose you to diverse questions from the same topics. 5. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday - Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday. Note: Current Affairs questions covered in the 60 Days Plan and Daily Quiz Monthly Compilations should be covered retrospectively. 6. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday - Friday) CSAT has been an achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. 7. Daily Mains Answer Writing (Monday - Friday) GS Mains will be covered along with Prelims in an integrated manner. Daily three Mains questions will be covered syllabus-wise according to the topics mentioned in the schedule. In total, it covers 250+ Mains Questions along with synopsis. 8. Brainstorming on Ethics & Essay (BEE) (Saturday & Sunday) Each week, Sunil Oberoi Sir (Retd. IAS) will take 3 sessions, two for Essay and one for Ethics. The two sessions earmarked for Essay will have a topic-based discussion where he will discuss the approach to write issue-based and philosophical essays. The topics will be picked from previous year question papers of UPSC and TLP initiative of IASbaba. 9. Full Mocks 3 GS Paper 1 Full Mocks will be provided along the lines of UPSC Prelims. 3 CSAT Paper 2 Full Mocks will be provided so that you are not overwhelmed during the D-Day. 10. Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes Right material plays important role in clearing the exam and Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes will have Prelims specific subject-wise refined notes. The main objective is to help students revise most important topics and that too within a very short limited time frame. Day-94 of RaRe Series - Click here To Register - Click here For complete details of the RaRe Series -  Click here

TLP Mains Answer Writing

SYNOPSIS [30th August,2021] Day 166: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE SYNOPSIS [30th August,2021] Day 166: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)   1. How do lack of inter ministerial coordination and sluggish information sharing impede governance? Analyse.  Approach  Mention in general terms what is meant by coordination and inter ministerial coordination particularly in introduction .In next part mention what are the issues which arise due to lack of coordination and then give some solutions to complement the problems.At last end on the positive nite with recent reforms under taken in governance. Introduction: Coordination is the mechanism through which policies, strategies, plans, peoples, systems, and tools are brought together to achieve a particular goal. Government services are often cross-sectional, interlinked and complementary particularly in the areas of agriculture, education, trade, and mining. Thus lack of inter ministerial coordination may create policy logjams or different set of rules for same service.For examples: The different policy directions from ministry of Health and family welfare and ministry of AYUSH for symptomatic and preventive care of COVID-19. Body Governance is a collaborative effort that requires interconnectedness between the government and various institutions of civil society, as well as within the various departments of the government. Absence of the latter has plagued administration for a long time. The penchant of departments to work in silos, and the absence of a holistic outlook has led to failure in regularly sharing information between different arms of the government. This can cause the following problems: Delay in decision making leading to a reactive rather than proactive government. For example cross border attacks despite credible information warning but as the information is not shared proactively between agencies and other departments of ministries often this leads to delayed response to security threats as seen in the case of 26/11 Mumbai attacks . Duplication of effort (multiple department and govt schemes working on same lines, For example: Ministry of health is responsible for overall health in the country but it it has to depend on petroleum minimise for actions related to controlling price of drugs Further recently there was issues between regulation of foreign rights and ministry of social justice on the issues of rights of communities .  These government initiatives are costly where the blame of problem is put on another department. Such attitude leads to loss of faith in governance and ineffective policy management for benefits of people.For example : Approval for neutrino observatory at Theni was long delayed due to lack of environmental clearances from ministry of environment. Wastage of resources (multiple agencies, middle heavy bureaucracy) .For example: For many years lakhs of tons of food was being wasted in the godowns of food corporation of India but on the other hand government said it didn’t have resources to feed the needy. Failure to institutionalise expertise (Investigative agencies deal with different crimes and doesn’t share info, opposition to National Counter Terrorism Centre etc) Capacity building efforts are often duplicated and/or inconsistently applied across ministries. One state employee may receive two or three similar training while another employee receives none.This was highlighted by the second ARC report. Delay in delivery: There is overlapping of procedures like clearances, approvals etc. which takes time and delays delivery of services. Confusion regarding jurisdiction is considered an important bottleneck in enforcement agencies.For example: The inland water transportation has been unutilised potential as for years this project is lacking the inter state and ministerial coordination, similar issue is with mission Gange. Information sharing mechanisms, that ensure two way communication as a matter of routine rather than the norm are required. This will greatly help governance as  It will ensure more transparency as information will be accessible from any point. it will bring more participative governance where every advice from various ministry would be looked after. sharing of information reduces delay in implementation of projects. it will reduce red tapism and corruption. it will lead to more effective implementation of government initiatives  it will ensure a sense of team work and co-operation among ministries Problems today are multidimensional in nature (Eg swach bharat has MoRD, MoWR and MoUD involved) that require collaboration to succeed. Recommendations to solve the problems: Establish an online software system with multiple entries from different ministries: The first option of establishing an interactive online IT system is innovative to this context. The system would connect both the technical and high-level decision-makers at the capital and provinces of a particular ministry with their counterparts from another ministry. Such a system would also harmonise the efforts of different departments within one ministry by allowing policymakers to develop policies jointly through interactive tools. This system would accumulate all necessary and relevant documents, guidelines and procedures for the effective operation of government affairs. The system would automatically send emails and text message reminders about upcoming events and deadlines for completing a particular task. The system would be a coordination and cooperation hub across government ministries. All current initiatives and past programmes would be listed in the system to avoid future duplication. Establish a coordinating ministry tasked solely with managing inter-ministerial relations: The second option of establishing a coordinating ministry is also promising since the government body would coordinate plans, policies, programmes, and activities between the ministries. This new organization would monitor the work of all ministries. Singapore has an experience of having a separate ministry dedicated to coordination and it could serve as the model for policy design. Establish a regulatory framework to promote inter-ministerial coordination in the existing context: The third option is to establish a regulatory framework designed to enhance coordination among government bodies. A legislative regulation to improve coordination would be drafted and passed, and all ministries would be tasked with its implementation for coordination purposes. This regulation would target the areas where lapses or duplications occur and would encourage ministries to work together. Conclusion Poor coordination is a major obstacle to the effective administration of government services. Therefore the recent steps taken by the present government to give emphasis to digital governance with various apps like Umang, m aadhar bringing various services at the finger tip of the citizens.The Parivesh portal through which faster approval can be taken regarding environmental clearances with specific sms and timings.All these steps have increased India’s ranking in ease of doing business as well as governance index. 2. The governance mantra in contemporary free market economy is that the government has no business to be in business. In a politico-economic milieu like this, how are labour rights protected? Are there proactive and powerful pressure groups for the furtherance of labour interests in India? Discuss.  Approach  Define what is free market and contextualise to the demand of question that is labour rights and pressure groups.In next part write how the changing economy is affecting labours and why there is a need for pressure groups in such times.In next part mention recent achievements of Indian labour groups.In conclusion write what is the current scenario and what type of labour groups can fulfil the vacuum. Introduction: A free market economy is a type of economy that promotes the production and sale of goods and services, with little to no control or involvement from any central government agency. The economic system is primarily based on supply and demand. Order and power in a free market are decentralised, with individuals making all of their own voluntary economic choices.But often this could lead to ignorance towards the labour rights as the balance gets tilled toward capital in market economy.This makes it essential to have well organised and institutionalised labour pressure groups which will promote and lobby for labour rights. Body Features of Free market In a free market economy, firms and households act in their own self-interest to determine how resources get allocated, what goods get produced, and who buys the goods. A free market economy is functions in an opposite manner as a command economy works, where the central government gets to keep the profits and choose how to use them. The government’s role in the economy is limited (e.g. to preventing monopolies, allowing fair and equal access to markets for all, protecting the nation and its markets through military means). As India’s Prime Minister has said recently, Government’s job is that of a facilitator to create new opportunities and in the government system, the fewer the laws the less suffocated businesses feel. A free market protects the rights of workers by allowing the workers to decide what’s best for themselves.  But in this extreme focus on business may lead to harm towards worker’s rights, including right to protest, fare wages, lack of social security.Further when government is taking a step back then there arises a need for a body which will promote labour rights and their concerns.Thus this function in India is performed by various trade unions. Objectives and Need of pressure groups. Wages and salaries-Wages and salaries and the most important subjects of Trade Unions. In the organised industry, wages and benefits are determined through processes such as collective bargaining, wage boards, conciliation, and adjudication. Working of all these processes deserves systematic inquiry. Union power and objective facts hopefully influence the wage scene through these forums. Working conditions-Another major objective of the Trade Unions is to insure the safety of workers. While working every worker must be provided with basic facilities like. Drinking water, minimum working hours, paid holidays, social security, safety equipments, lights and others. Personnel policies-Any personal policy of the employer with respect to promotion, transfer and training may be challenge by Trade Unions if arbitrary. Discipline-Trade Unions also protect the workers from arbitrary discipline action taken by management against any worker. No worker should be victimised by management in the form of arbitrary transfer or suspension. Welfare-The main objective of the Trade Union is to work for the welfare of the workers. This includes welfare of the family members or children of the worker. Employee and Employer Relations-for an industrial peace there must be harmony between employer and employee. But due to superior power of the management sometimes conflict arises in this situation Trade Union represent the whole group of workers and continue negotiations with management. Negotiating Machinery-Trade Unions may also put proposals before management, as this policy is based on the principle of Give and Take• Trade Unions protect the interest of workers through collective bargaining. Safeguarding Organisational Health and the Interest of the Industry- Trade Unions also help in achieving employee satisfaction. Trade unions also help in better industrial relation by creating procedure to resolve the industrial dispute. Alone workers feel weak. Trade Union provides him a platform to join others to achieve social objectives. Recent examples where powerful pressure groups were able to influence the decisions of government: In midst of lock down there were strikes by defence factory unions against the move for corporatisation of the PSUs.This led to fear of job losses which led to a strike.Thus the strike accomplished a negotiated settlement on the workers receiving their dues. India declined to join the RCEP trade agreement due to fear in MSME and diary sectors.This opposition was led by Bhartiya Mazdoir sangh, Bhartiya Kisan union and All India Trade union Congress.Thus India backed out at the last stage as it might have harmed the informal sector heavily. All India bank association has been organising workers movement against rapid privatisation and consequent job losses in banking sector. Similarly BAMCEF was a powerful pressure group in 1980s to provide relief to all the group C and D workers. Conclusion The current times where there is rapid transformation of economy from physical to digital medium, industry 4.0 and government policies such as labour codes to make investment and trade more friction free, there will be need for labour pressure groups to innovate and reinvent themselves into the modern tech savvy pressure groups who can talk the language of common people, act on social media and provide empirical evidence on labour issues rather than emotional appeals.This labour pressure groups are an important part of modern economy to promote workers welfare as mentioned in directive principles of state policy of Indian constitution. 3. What are the impediments that affect quick decision making in the government? Analyse the root cause of this conundrum. Can you suggest some measures to expedite decision making?  Approach  Define what is governance and add the context of the question on decision making.In next part mention the issues which are hampering decisions and what steps needs to be taken for removing these obstacles.In conclusion mention the recent steps taken by government and end on positive note. Introduction “Governance” means: the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented).  So, in order to deliver Good Governance to people, Quick decision making is an essential factor to be considered. The lack of quick decision making can lead to loss of resources, critical opportunities, escalation in project costs and hamper the innovative spirits of young minds. Body Impediments that affect quick decision making in the government: Lack of Data for making decisions: Information plays vital role in decision making. A decision is made in the interest of self, organisation or society. For this the effect of a decision on various stakeholders must be known to optimise the benefit and for the decision to have integrity and be objective and inclusive. Eg. Hydro power project in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh got clearance initially but was cancelled later. The environment assessment did not consider the impact of the project on the vulnerable black-necked crane as the bird was not mentioned in people biodiversity register of the region Issue of finance: Decision can’t be made in free hand, if there is a insufficiency of funds. Even if there are sufficient funds, either there is a delay in their release or misuse of funds.  Further if the funds pass trough a long chain of middlemen then there are chances of leakages at various points.This was highlighted by Ex prime minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi when he said that when government spends 1 rupee only 15 paise reaches to the intended beneficiaries. Further a developing nation like India need to make allocation to different sectors in rational manner due to resource constraints. Bureaucracy  Bureaucracy in India suffer from issues like Red tapism, corruption and lethargy which delay the decision making process. Further the colonial attitude of many officers treat citizens as subjects which hampers effective decision making. Accountability Accountability might act as a deterrent, as acknowledged by ARC reports. The fear of consequences might lead to inactivity from decision makers.  Participative governance  Conflicting aspirations and demands of various section of society. Delay in arriving at a consensus due to engrained difference among various community and failure of government to arrive at a compromise. Restrictive Legislations: Many have raised the concern that Government laws like RTI stifles decision making as it makes the officials stay cautious and averse to take risk. It prevents bureaucrats from taking bold decisions because of the fear of getting questioned and public criticism. This results in policy paralysis. Others factors : Pressure groups like tribal NGOs opposing projects Insufficient Devolution of powers Eg. Panchayats  Political interests of various parties and individuals, litigations and stays, resources scarcity and population pressure are some of the other reasons which also leads to delays. Measures to expedite decision making:As recommended by ARC reports, measures like : Rewards and prizes should be instated for good performance and bad performance.The recent step to compulsory retire the inefficient officers is in right direction. Performance reviews to be conducted and their use in deciding promotions etc. The new Karmayogi portal will work in this direction. Govt initiative like mygov.in and PRAGATi portal should be extensively used this incentivise people participation and also quick decisions by bringing state government and centre government on single platforms. Usage of Big Data in Decision making saves lot of time and cost, and further it can lead to targeted delivery of services which in turn can increase funds for other social services. Fixing timeline of projects e.g Bogibeel bridge in Assam was completed in its desired time. Strengthen the Panchayati Raj bodies especially Gramsabha to ensure equitable and inclusive growth. Encouraging the Single window system of approvals helps in streamlining the decisions and projects and cuts time. Promoting Social audits and EIA.The social audits build an accountability mechanism. Cutting red tapism and codification of procedures can help in enhancing accountability in decision making. Even though RTI does results into cautiousness. Officials should see it less as a fear factor and more as a motivating factor. Conclusion India needs to accelerate its development. For which Faster decision making is going to be crucial for the socio-economic upliftment of people and in providing Good governance.Recent measures taken by government with reorganisation of ministries and bringing technocrats for specific roles will help in this direction.Further the various indices developed by NITI aayog promotes cooperative competition to perform well.This has fast tracked decisions making l   TLP Synopsis Day 166 PDF

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 1st September 2021

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

TLP Mains Answer Writing

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 3 Questions [1st September,2021] – Day 168

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome to IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 3 Questions [1st Sep,2021] – Day 168 TLP (Phase 1) just got over on 8th May (Saturday) and we are extremely thankful for your active participation to make this program a success. Well, though TLP (Phase 1) got over, ‘Picture abhi baaqi hai mere dost’. There is a surprise for you. Since prelims is bound to get delayed once again this year, its not wise to leave the writing practice just now. Hence, we are extending the TLP program  We will be posting 3 questions per day (Monday to Friday). The questions will be based on Current Affairs, so that you don’t have to invest your time separately on exclusively mains oriented topics. So, keep practicing and keep improving. To Know More about TLP  -> CLICK HERE For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. In an age of rapid technological advancements, the role of bureaucracy must be reinvented. Comment. (10 Marks) तकनीकी प्रगति के युग में, नौकरशाही की भूमिका नवीनीकरण अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण है। टिप्पणी करें। 2. What are the ways to ensure accountability of civil servants? How does accountability help in reducing corruption? (10 Marks) सिविल सेवकों की जवाबदेही सुनिश्चित करने के तरीके क्या हैं? भ्रष्टाचार को कम करने में जवाबदेही कैसे मदद करती है? 3. What role do civil servants play in strengthening democracy? Illustrate. (15 Marks) लोकतंत्र को मजबूत करने में सिविल सेवकों की क्या भूमिका है? उदाहरण देकर स्पष्ट करें। AWARE ( Answer Writing REdefined) Series - 7 Steps to Master Answer Writing Skills by Mohan Sir - CLICK HERE P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Important Articles

[FREE WORKSHOP] Know Everything about cracking UPSC/IAS 2022 in Bangalore on 5th September at 11 AM.

Hello Everyone, As a new session is going to start, a number of students are going to embark on their UPSC journey. The biggest problem which freshers face in the beginning, is how to start their preparation? There are so many sources, topper’s strategies, online guidance, and whatnot. Hence, in order to provide a streamlined approach, we are going to conduct a FREE WORKSHOP on the 5th of September, 2021 (SUNDAY) at 11 am. Many students have already been benefitted from this workshop in previous years. You can check the feedback of our previous workshop through the following link: Delhi Workshop- Feedback! | IASbaba Agenda of Workshop Interaction with the Real Heroes!! How to crack UPSC in First Attempt? How to tackle Current Affairs? How to approach Answer Writing? Interaction with REAL HEROES When we want to excel in a certain field, we have our role models. We look up to them and try to be like them, as our dream is their reality. The field of Civil Services is no different. We are honored that two stalwarts of the field have obliged us by agreeing to have an open discussion with the aspirants. They will be discussing about their vast experience in the system, the perks of the service, and its problems too. You will be able to ask your queries regarding Civil Services and about the attitude that a civil servant should have. The two eminent guests who will be sharing their life experiences with you are – Mr Sunil Oberoi Sir – Retd. IAS Sunil Oberoi Sir has worked on Civil Services Reforms in India with UNDP and DoPT. He was a government nominee in interview boards and Examiner in various govt. exams. He was also associated with induction training of new entrants of Civil Services and In-Service training of Senior Civil Servants. Mr Raghavendra H Auradkar – Ex. Commissioner of Police, Bangalore He is an IPS officer of the 1987 Batch, Karnataka cadre. He has served at different positions in the state and is famous for the ‘Auradkar’ Committee for Police Reforms. How to crack UPSC in First Attempt? In this session, we will be discussing about the approach towards UPSC. How should you plan and integrate your prelims and mains preparation? How to tackle Current Affairs and make notes? Current Affairs is an important aspect of preparation. It is also the biggest puzzle as even after several attempts students don’t get a knack of it. This session will be on the strategy for Current Affairs and how you can integrate your Static portions with Current Affairs. How to approach Answer Writing? Many candidates are not able to qualify the mains written exam despite having a very good understanding of the concepts. The main reason for their failure is their inability to articulate their thoughts and write an answer according to the demand of the question. In this session, we will explain the approach towards answer writing and how you can improve your score in the mains exam. The workshop can be a game-changer for you, so it's not a thing that you would want to miss. Workshop Details Date and Time - 5th September (SUNDAY) at 11 AM Venue of the Workshop: TLP CENTRE - Second floor, 80ft Main Road, Ganapathi Circle, Vijayanagar, Chandra Layout, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560040 Admission Centre - First Floor, No. 38, 3rd Cross, 1st Phase, 2nd Stage, 60 Feet Mains Road, Chandralayout, Bengaluru-560040. Please Register here for the Workshop - CLICK HERE To know more about Baba's Foundation Course 2022 OFFLINE in BANGALORE - CLICK HERE  For More Details/Queries Email us at: support@iasbaba.com Mobile No: 91691 91888 (Please call between 10 am – 6 pm ONLY)   Thank You  IASbaba

IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 31st August 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) National Small Industry Day Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III- Economy Context: Every year on August 30, the country celebrates National Small Industry Day.  India is home to more than 6.3 crore MSMEs and contributes 45% of the total exports. Some of the key reforms introduced by Ministry of MSME are: Revision of MSME definition:  The Government revised the MSME classification by inserting composite criteria of both investment and annual turnover.  Udyam Registration: Udyam is an online and simplified procedure of filing of registration which enables MSMEs to obtain registration without any documentation and fees. Ministry of MSME has also commenced integration of Udyam Registration portal with GeM so that MSEs can participate in Government procurement easily. Champions Portal: The platform facilitates a single window solution for all needs of MSMEs. It is an ICT based technology system aimed at making the smaller units big by solving their grievances, encouraging, supporting, helping and handholding throughout the business lifecycle.  National SC-ST Hub (NSSH): It has been launched to promote entrepreneurship culture in the SC-ST community and cater to the challenge of market linkages, finance facilitations, capacity building etc. It helps fulfill the 4% procurement target mentioned in the Public Procurement Policy order, 2018. Self-Reliant India (SRI) Fund: The scheme is expected to facilitate equity financing of Rs.50,000 crore in the MSME Sector. The infusion of equity will also facilitate MSMEs to scale-up their business & growth and provide an opportunity to get MSMEs listed in stock exchanges. Procurement Policy: For providing marketing support to MSEs, all Central Ministries/Government Departments and Central PSUs are required to procure 25% of their annual requirements of goods and services from MSEs including 4% from MSEs owned by SC/ST and 3% from MSEs owned by women entrepreneurs under the Public Procurement Policy.  Establishment of Enterprise Development Centers (EDCs): With a view to provide Information related to MSMEs at one place, Enterprise Development Centres (EDCs)have been conceptualized. Till date Ministry of MSME has set up 102 EDCs across India. The aim of these centers is to build a network of entrepreneurial leaders by providing professional mentoring and handholding support services to existing as well as aspiring MSMEs with special focus on rural enterprises on continuous basis. Rights to free movement and residence Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-II- Fundamental Rights Context: The Supreme Court has held that the power of the State to pass an externment order (direction restricting certain people entry to specified areas) should be exercised only in “exceptional cases”. Key Takeaways The judgment was based on an appeal filed by a journalist, Rahmat Khan, who received an externment order passed by the Maharashtra police. He was banned from entering Amravati City or Amravati rural district for a year. The court said externment orders have their use in maintaining law and order. However, they cannot be employed as retaliatory measure.  A person cannot be denied his fundamental right to reside anywhere in the country or to move freely throughout the country on flimsy grounds Do You know? Article 19(1)(d) of the Indian Constitution entitles every citizen to move freely throughout the territory of the country. This right is protected against only state action and not private individuals. Moreover, it is available only to the citizens and to shareholders of a company but not to foreigners or legal persons like companies or corporations, etc. According to Article 19(1)(e) of the Constitution, every citizen of India has the right "to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India." The object of the clause is to remove internal barriers within India or any of its parts. Restrictions on these fundamental rights can only be imposed on two grounds that are mentioned in the Article 19(5) of the constitution -the interests of the general public and the protection of interests of any scheduled tribe. N. Korea may have restarted N-reactor: IAEA  Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-II- International Organisations Context: IAEA has reported that Nuclear-armed North Korea appears to have restarted its plutonium-producing reprocessing reactor indicating that North Korea is expanding its banned weapons programme. The development on the 5-megawatt reactor in Yongbyon — North Korea’s main nuclear complex — comes with nuclear talks between North Korea and US at a standstill. IAEA inspectors were kicked out of North Korea in 2009, and the agency has since monitored it from outside. About International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) It is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.  The IAEA was established as an autonomous organisation on 29 July 1957.  Though established independently of the United Nations through its own international treaty, the IAEA Statute, the IAEA reports to both the United Nations General Assembly and UN Security Council. The IAEA has its headquarters in Vienna, Austria.  India joined IAEA in 1957. In 2005, it was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their work for a safe and peaceful world. Leaded petrol eradicated - UNEP  Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-III - Environment Context: There is now no country in the world that uses leaded petrol for cars and lorries, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) has announced. Key Takeaways Lead started being added to petrol in the early 1920s in order to improve engine performance. Leaded Petrol has contaminated air, soil and water for almost a century. It can cause heart disease, cancer and stroke, and has been linked to problems with brain development in children. The UN's environmental body UNEP has worked with governments, private companies and civic groups to end the use of leaded petrol since 2002. Most high-income countries had banned the fuel by the 1980s, but it was only in July that Algeria -  the last country to use the fuel — exhausted its supplies. Ending the use of leaded petrol will prevent more than one million premature deaths each year from heart disease, strokes and cancer, and it will protect children whose IQs are damaged by exposure to lead About United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) The UNEP is a leading global environmental authority established on 5th June 1972 in the aftermath of Stockholm Conference (Declaration on the Human Environment). Functions: It sets the global environmental agenda, promotes the sustainable development within the United Nations system, and serves as an authoritative advocate for global environment protection. Major Reports: Emission Gap Report, Global Environment Outlook, Frontiers, Invest into Healthy Planet. Major Campaigns: Beat Pollution, UN75, World Environment Day, Wild for Life. Headquarters: Nairobi, Kenya. The UNEP engages in developing global conventions on the environment and related issues. It hosts the secretariats of various conventions such as: Minamata Convention on Mercury United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Basel Convention- Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes Stockholm Convention - on Persistent Organic Pollutants Rotterdam Convention – on Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade Vienna Convention - Protection of the Ozone Layer Montreal Protocol – on reducing substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Convention on Migratory Species West Nile Virus Infections Part of: GS Prelims and Mains GS-II- Health Context: Recently, Russia warned of a possible increase in West Nile Virus (WNV) Infections this autumn as mild temperatures and heavy precipitation create favourable conditions for the mosquitos that carry it. About It is a member of the flavivirus genus and belongs to the Japanese encephalitis antigenic complex of the family Flaviviridae. WNV was first isolated in a woman in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937. It was identified in birds in the Nile delta region in 1953. Before 1997, WNV was not considered pathogenic for birds. Human infections attributable to WNV have been reported in many countries for over 50 year. WNV is commonly found in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, North America and West Asia. WNV is an infectious disease spread by infected mosquitoes. It spreads from birds to humans with the bite of an infected Culex mosquito. It can lead to a fatal neurological disease in humans. Symptoms: Those infected usually have no symptoms or mild symptoms. The symptoms include a fever, headache, body aches, skin rash, and swollen lymph glands. They can last a few days to several weeks, and usually go away on their own. If West Nile virus enters the brain, it can be life-threatening. It may cause inflammation of the brain, called encephalitis, or inflammation of the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, called meningitis. Treatment: There are no specific vaccines or treatments for human WNV disease. The best way to avoid WNV is to prevent mosquito bites. (News from PIB) Groundwater Mapping Part of: GS Prelims  Context: Government says, mapping groundwater sources by CSIR will help utilise groundwater for drinking purposes and supplement “Har Ghar Nal Se Jal” Mission In News:   Latest state-of-the-art technology is being employed by Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) for mapping ground water sources in arid regions and thus help utilize ground water for drinking to supplement “Har Ghar Nal Se Jal” scheme. In just two years of the Jal Jeevan Mission, more than four and a half crore families have started getting water from taps. Govt. of India has entrusted the responsibility to CSIR-NGRI for mapping ground water sources in arid regions. The entire work will be completed by 2025 with more than 1.5 lakh square kilometers of area with an estimated cost of Rs. 141 Crores.  About CSIR initiative: CSIR, along with National Geophysical Research Institute NGRI, have undertaken High Resolution Aquifer Mapping & Management in Arid Regions of North Western India to augment the groundwater resources.  The ultimate aim of this project is to map the potential sites for groundwater withdrawal and conservation and results will be used to meet the broader objectives of aquifer mapping, rejuvenation and management of groundwater resources in the arid areas. The Heli-borne geophysical mapping technique of CSIR-NGRI provides a high-resolution 3D image of the sub-surface up to a depth of 500 meters below the ground. This technique is cost-effective, precise and is useful to map large areas (districts/states) within a short time to map the vast extent of groundwater resources in arid regions of our country.  Water issue in the North Western India: Arid areas in the north western India spread over parts of states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana and Punjab cover nearly 12% of the total geographical area of the country and is home to more than 8 crore people. With an annual rainfall in the range of less than 100 to 400 mm, this area faces acute shortage of water throughout the year and it is proposed to take up high resolution aquifer mapping and management to augment the groundwater resources. News Source: PIB (Mains Focus) POLITY/ GOVERNANCE GS-2: Fundamental Rights GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Delhi High Court on Right to be Forgotten Context: The Delhi High Court, in a recent case, upheld the view that the “Right to Privacy” includes the “Right to be Forgotten” and the “Right to be Left Alone”. What are these rights? Right to be forgotten or the right to erasure, is the right to have personal information removed from the Internet and other directories. Right to be left alone - The State or the society will not interfere in the individual choices of a person so long as they do not cause harm to others. State intrusion is allowed only if necessitated by a just, reasonable, and fair law What is the High Court Case all about? A Bengali actor had filed a petition in the High Court to remove her audition/demo videos of the web series that were circulating on the internet. The videos are being portrayed in a manner that infringes her privacy. Even though the project fell through, she had not permitted the producer of the videos to publish them. Similarly, Ashutosh Kaushik who won reality TV shows Bigg Boss in 2008 and MTV Roadies 5.0 approached the Delhi High Court with a plea saying that his videos, photographs and articles etc. be removed from the internet citing his “Right to be Forgotten”. What are the Court’s remarks? The Court has already held that “right to privacy” includes the right to be forgotten and the right to be left alone as “inherent aspects”. The court held that explicit videos that are being circulated have a clear and immediate impact on the reputation of the person seen in the videos. The court thus called for protection of the plaintiff from invasion of her privacy on account of such publication/transmission of the videos. Do You Know? The Right to be Forgotten falls under the purview of an individual’s right to privacy, which is governed by the Personal Data Protection Bill that is yet to be passed by Parliament. In K.S.Puttaswamy Case of 2017, the Right to Privacy was declared a fundamental right by the Supreme Court. It held that the right to privacy is protected as an intrinsic part of the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution. Connecting the dots: Personal Data Protection Bill China’s New Data Privacy Laws & its impact  Data and A New Global Order WOMEN ISSUES/ GOVERNANCE GS-1: Issues relating to Women GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Marital rape: an indignity to women Context: Based on the allegations of wife, charges were framed on husband by a trial court under  Section 376 (rape),  Section 377 (carnal intercourse against the order of nature)  Section 498A (cruelty towards wife by husband or his relatives) of the Indian Penal Code (IPC).  The Chhattisgarh High Court upheld charges under Sections 498A and 377 but discharged the husband under Section 376  Reason: Exception 2 to Section 375 (the definition of rape), sexual intercourse by a man with his own wife (provided she is over the age of 18) would not amount to the offence of rape.  Issues Inconsistent provisions Other sexual offences make no such exemption for marriage. Thus, a husband may be tried for offences such as sexual harassment, molestation, voyeurism, and forcible disrobing in the same way as any other man. A husband may be charged and tried for non-consensual penetrative sexual interactions other than penile-vaginal penetration with his wife under Section 377 (before Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India, 2018, consent was not relevant to Section 377, but it is now). Patriarchal beliefs The marital rape exception is an insult to the constitutional goals of individual autonomy, dignity and of gender equality enshrined in fundamental rights such as Article 21 (the right to life) and Article 14 (the right to equality). Non recognition of marital rape means that women’s husband is her sexual master and his right to rape her is legally protected. Presently, marriage signifies perpetual sexual consent by women. This reinforces Patriarchal belief and violates individual autonomy of woman. In Joseph Shine v. Union of India (2018), SC held that the offence of adultery was unconstitutional because it was founded on the principle that a woman is her husband’s property after marriage. Similar principle is not applied while recognising marital rape. Arguments for providing exemption to marital rape Recognising it destroy the institution of marriage. This was the government’s defence in Independent Thought v. Union of India (2017) Since marriage is a sexual relationship, determining the validity of marital rape allegations would be difficult.  Conclusion In 2017, the Supreme Court, in Independent Thought, said that husbands who raped their minor wives could no longer hide behind exemptions provided in Section 375 of IPC. It is high time adult women are afforded the same protection and dignity in marriage. Connecting the dots: Women Issues Women Employment Women Friendly Cities Women with disabilities (AIR Spotlight) Spotlight 29 (Aug): Discussion on PM Man Ki Baat https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIZZRe1e5L8&list=PLcDghvQhYD9IOCPeVG4pQvLDCuTCit_D8&index=4 GOVERNANCE GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Discussion on PM Man Ki Baat Prime Minister Narendra Modi addresses the nation on the 80th edition of Mann Ki Baat.  The prime minister touched upon a host of topics, including India's rich spiritual tradition and the boost the sporting culture has received after its performance in the Tokyo Olympics, in the address and also paid glowing tributes to hockey legend Dhyan Chand, saying he conquered the world of hockey for the country. During Sunday's 'Mann ki Baat', Modi also added that the advancements accomplished in the space sector in the country have caught people's imagination and expressed confidence that a large number of satellites in the coming days will be those on which youngsters from universities, labs and other sectors would have worked upon. key takeaways from Modi's address- Olympics and sports: August 29th is celebrated as National Sports Day in India and also marks the birth anniversary of legendary Major Dhyan Chand. PM Modi said the passion for sports in the youth of the country at the present times is the greatest tribute to Major Dhyan Chand further adding that Indians managed to win a medal in Olympics in the game of Hockey after 4 decades and Major Dhyan Chand will be extremely proud of this young generation, who are working hard to ensure a medal for the country and are putting their best foot forward at the international games. "Irrespective of the number of medals won, no citizen of India enjoys victory until a medal is won in hockey. And this time, in the Olympics, the medal that was won for hockey came our way after four decades," PM said. Janmashtami and Iscon Extending greetings for Krishna Janmashtami, Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday urged the countrymen to carry forward the great traditions of the nation. Start-up Stating that the toy industry has a huge market of around Rs 6 to 7 lakh crore in the world, the prime minister said that the country's youth have resolved to make an impact of Indian toys globally and that youth today is focussing on improving the processes, variety and technology in toy-making and experimenting with new things. Swachh Bharat Lauding the ongoing Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in the country, he lauded Indore city's progress and talked about the city's decision to maintain a 'Water Plus City'. Sanskrit Urging the citizens to cherish and preserve Sanskrit, he said the language helps nurture knowledge and strengthens national unity as Sanskrit helps nurture knowledge and also national unity, strengthens it.  (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1) Consider the following statement about Article 19(1)(d) It entitles every citizen to move freely throughout the territory of the country. This right is protected against only state action and not private individuals. It is available to both citizens and legal persons like companies or corporations. Which of the above statement is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1,2 and 3 Q.2) Consider the following statement about International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) It was established by resolution of United Nations General Assembly and reports to UN Security Council The IAEA has its headquarters in New York  In 2005, it was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their work for a safe and peaceful world. India joined IAEA in 2008 after signing Nuclear deal with USA. Which of the above statement is/are incorrect? 1 and 2 only 2 and 4 only 1,2 and 3 only 1,2 and 4 only Q.3) Consider the following statements about United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) It sets the global environmental agenda, promotes the sustainable development within the United Nations system, and serves as an authoritative advocate for global environment protection It was established in the aftermath of Rio Summit of 1992 Which of the above statement is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 ANSWERS FOR 30th August 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 C 2 C 3 C Must Read On National Monetisation Pipeline: The Hindu On India’s commitment to green future: The Hindu On Taliban overtures to India: Indian Express

Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series for UPSC

[Day 93]: UPSC PRELIMS 2021- Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series

Highlights/Features of Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series:  It is a FREE initiative! Program Duration - 120 Days (31st May, 2021 to 27th September, 2021). 1. Dedicated Portal for Focused Preparation There will be a separate dedicated portal to help you stay focused and keep your preparation streamlined for the next 120 Days. The Registration link for the dedicated portal is given at the end of the post. 2. 120 Days Integrated (Prelims + Mains) Time Table This year’s RaRe Series will include Integrated Revision Plan (IRP) where we will be syncing your mains and prelims syllabus together over next 120 Days. The Revision Plan is designed by integrating IASbaba's famous flagship initiatives - 60 Day Plan and TLP Mains Answer Writing. 3. Daily RaRe Series (RRS) Videos on High Probable Topics (Monday - Friday) In video discussions, special focus is given to topics which have high probability to appear in UPSC Prelims Question Paper. Each session will be of 20 mins to 30 mins, which would cover rapid revision of 10 high probable topics (both static and current affairs) important for Prelims Exam this year according to the schedule. 4. Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday - Friday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 10 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule and in the RaRe videos. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Note: Should be integrated with the 60 Days Plan 2021. This will expose you to diverse questions from the same topics. 5. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday - Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday. Note: Current Affairs questions covered in the 60 Days Plan and Daily Quiz Monthly Compilations should be covered retrospectively. 6. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday - Friday) CSAT has been an achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. 7. Daily Mains Answer Writing (Monday - Friday) GS Mains will be covered along with Prelims in an integrated manner. Daily three Mains questions will be covered syllabus-wise according to the topics mentioned in the schedule. In total, it covers 250+ Mains Questions along with synopsis. 8. Brainstorming on Ethics & Essay (BEE) (Saturday & Sunday) Each week, Sunil Oberoi Sir (Retd. IAS) will take 3 sessions, two for Essay and one for Ethics. The two sessions earmarked for Essay will have a topic-based discussion where he will discuss the approach to write issue-based and philosophical essays. The topics will be picked from previous year question papers of UPSC and TLP initiative of IASbaba. 9. Full Mocks 3 GS Paper 1 Full Mocks will be provided along the lines of UPSC Prelims. 3 CSAT Paper 2 Full Mocks will be provided so that you are not overwhelmed during the D-Day. 10. Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes Right material plays important role in clearing the exam and Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes will have Prelims specific subject-wise refined notes. The main objective is to help students revise most important topics and that too within a very short limited time frame. Day-93 of RaRe Series - Click here To Register - Click here For complete details of the RaRe Series -  Click here

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