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Jul 10, 2020 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 10th JULY 2020

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 10th July 2020 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission extended Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II and III – Govt schemes and initiatives; Welfare schemes; Food security In news: Central government has extended the deadline for distribution of free food grains under the Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission allocated to State governments till August 31. About Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission Under the Atmanirbhar Bharat Package, 5 kg of free food grains per person and 1 kg of free whole gram per family has been distributed to migrant labourers, stranded and needy families, who are not covered under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) or State scheme PDS cards. About Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY) Under this scheme, free distribution of food grains is meant to be given as additional entitlement to the beneficiaries at the rate of five kg per month for five months — July to November. Beneficiaries include Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and Priority Household (PHH) cardholders. WHO alert on airborne spread of virus Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Health issue; Role of international organizations In news: After earlier denials, the WHO now said there is evidence emerging of the airborne transmission of the coronavirus. WHO indicated that the virus may be airborne, after over 230 scientists across the world urged the global body to update its guidance. Note: From the image below, try to know the difference between Droplet Transmission and Airborne Transmission Airborne transmission is defined as the spread of an infectious agent caused by the dissemination of droplet nuclei or aerosols that remain infectious when suspended in air over long distances and time. Aerosols are less than 5 micrometers or five-thousandth of a millimetre in size. Pic: SARS-COV-2 Do you know? WHO has set up an Independent panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response – which will be headed by former New Zealand Prime Minister and former Liberian president. The panel will probe WHO’s virus response. Nepal blacks out Indian news channels Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – India and its neighbours In news: Nepal banned private Indian news channels, claiming that the channels had been telecasting content hurting its national sentiments. Only state-owned broadcaster Doordarshan will be allowed to continue beaming into Nepal. India-Nepal concerns: Tensions between India and Nepal have escalated over Nepal's claim over the Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura areas. Nepal maintains that India has claimed the disputed region by building the Darchula-Lipulekh link road despite repeated objections. India, on the other hand, said that the road falls within its territory. Nepal Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Oli has also claimed that the Indian government and his political rivals were plotting to oust him from power. Malabar exercise: May include Australia Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II and III – International relations; Defence In news: India to decide whether to include Australia in the Malabar exercises with Japan and the U.S. The decision, if taken, could bring all Quad countries together as part of the annual war games. After years of reluctance, India said it was open to Australia’s inclusion in the Malabar as an observer. About Malabar Exercise Malabar is an annual military exercise between the navies of India, Japan and the U.S. held alternately in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The annual Malabar exercise started in 1992 as a bilateral event between the navies of India and the United States. It was expanded into a trilateral format with the inclusion of Japan in 2015. Do you know? Australia’s inclusion would be seen as a possible first step towards the militarisation of the Quad coalition, something Beijing has opposed in the past. Japan and US have been keen on Australia’s inclusion and have been pushing India to consider it. Miscellaneous: Country of origin tag is must for e-commerce portals Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II and III – Govt schemes and initiatives; Economy In news: Ministry of Consumer Affairs has said that all e-commerce portals should ensure that the “country of origin” of the products being sold by them should be mentioned as part of mandatory declarations. The move is aimed to give push to ‘Made in India’ products and to help the consumers make an informed choice. (Boycott China-made goods) As per Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2011 – it is mandatory for all manufacturers to declare the package name and address of the manufacturer, common and generic name of commodity, net quantity, month and year of manufacturing, MRP and consumer care details. PM’s inaugural address at India Global Week 2020 Part of: GS Mains III – Indian Economy; Growth and Development In news: PM @India Global Week The story of global revival will have India playing a leading role, as Indians are natural reformers. He also highlighted India's efforts towards self-reliance with global inclusiveness. India Global Week 2020 theme: 'Be The Revival: India and a Better New World' (MAINS FOCUS) ELECTIONS/ GOVERNANCE Topic: General Studies 2: Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies Elections: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act Owning up to criminalisation in politics Context: A February 2020 Supreme Court judgment on criminalisation in politics will first be implemented in the Bihar elections in October 2020. Increase in the incidence of criminals in politics - An ever-present silent crisis Year Percentage of MPs with Criminal Cases pending against them 2004 24% 2009 30% 2014 34% 2019 43% Impact of Criminalisation of Politics Mockery of election outcomes Deterioration in Politics Whereby Values are compromised for winnability of candidate Politicization of Bureaucracy Bad governance leading to Corruption Dominance of Politics over civil society & business – restricts rights & freedom Institutional (legislature & executive) decline of Democracy What were the key pronouncement of Feb 2020 SC Judgement? It shall be mandatory for political parties to upload on their respective websites and print as well as electronic media, detailed information regarding individuals with pending criminal cases, who have been selected as candidates. They also have to mention reasons for such selection over people with clean background The reasons as to selection of candidates shall be with reference to the qualifications, achievements and merit of the candidate concerned, and not mere “winnability” at the polls These details shall be published within 48 hours of the selection of the candidate or not less than two weeks before the first date for filing of nominations. The political party concerned shall then submit a report of compliance with these directions with the Election Commission within 72 hours of the selection of the said candidate. Non-compliance of these directions shall be brought to notice of SC by Election Commission on the grounds of Contempt of Court Merits of the Judgement Accountability: The political party and its leadership would for the first time have to publicly own up to criminalisation of politics Electoral Reforms: It is in line with a series of judgments aimed at preserving the purity of the election process: Asset disclosure, NOTA option, Special courts for quick disposal of cases involving elected representatives Informed Citizenry: It increases the information available for Citizens which enables him to take well thought-out decision while choosing his representative. What are the challenges w.r.t the above judgement? Enforcement Challenges: Several laws and court judgments have not helped much, the reason being lack of enforcement of laws and judgments Unclear on punishment for violations: It is also not clear what penalty would be imposed if the recent orders are not followed. It is not clear if top political leaders will be guilty or election be set aside. Menace of Fake News: Misinformation, trolling, and fanciful claims may drown out the little that citizens can do with actual information given out. Campaigns may continue to be more and more personal and even abusive Inadequate deterrence: The election & judicial system is still unable to ban people with serious criminal charges from contesting elections, due to legal and technical constraints. The judgement puts onus on voters to make better choices with newly available information. Way Ahead Effective monitoring the affidavits of candidates by Civil Society and working with ECI to ensure that information is promptly available on their websites, and widely circulating this information to voters Voters also need to be vigilant about misuse of money, gifts and other inducements during elections. Connecting the dots: Internal Democracy of the Political Parties Decline in the institution of Parliament GOVERNANCE/ SCIENCE & TECH/ POLITY Topic: General Studies 2,3: Executive and its functioning e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential Awareness in the fields of IT, Digitisation of Government Financial working Context: A case for three-phase transition to mandatory digital payments, accounting, and transactions for government proposed by the CAG under a new project and law called DATA (Digital Accountability and Transparency Act) What are the goals of DATA? The starting point is mandatory and common data standards for all entities receiving government funds in all forms of funding The endpoint is a single searchable website to ascertain total government funding by element and entity What steps are needed to make DATA a reality? Covering the distance between these needs three elements: 100 per cent end-to-end electronic data capture: All receipts and expenditure transactions including demands, assessment, and invoices should be received, processed, and paid electronically. Data governance for standards across all government entities: Data standards are rules for describing and recording data elements with precise meanings and semantics that enable integration, sharing, and interoperability. Technology architecture that must ensure that all IT government systems should conform to a prescribed open architecture framework (for instance, IndEA) while ensuring robust security and maintaining privacy. What are the advantages of DATA? Long Overdue reform: The Union budget grew from Rs 197 crore in 1947 to Rs 30 lakh crore in 2020 and total government expenditure may be higher than Rs 70 lakh crore. But the form and manner of keeping accounts have more or less remained unchanged since Independence Reduce errors Manual transactions and manual payments often lead to manually entered data at different stages in different databases on different systems which makes to unreliable & vulnerable to errors DATA ensures Business continuity (electronic records cannot be lost or misplaced like files or paper records) and an incontrovertible audit trail Enhance transparency & accountability It makes all government revenue and expenditure data electronic, machine-readable, granular, comprehensive, purpose linked, non-repudiable, reliable, accessible and searchable. It will enable legislatures to draw “assurance” that each rupee due to the government has been collected, and each rupee has been spent for the purpose it was allocated. Addresses the problem of siloed IT systems Government computerisation has often mechanised manual processes rather than “re-engineered processes”. This has created siloed IT systems with individual databases that lack modern data sharing protocols, which DATA tries to solve Addresses concerns of fiscal data Due to siloed IT systems, fiscal data was being Incomparable - as basic as salary expenditure across states Obscure – large expenditures booked under omnibus head called other Non-traceable - actual expenditure against temporary advances drawn or funds drawn on contingent bills Misclassification - grants in aid as capital expenditure and bookings under suspense heads Enables the use of cognitive intelligence tools DATA will provide with huge information which will enable tools like Big Data analytics, artificial intelligence, machine learning to use it for policy making This in turn will support the establishment of budget baselines, detecting anomalies, data-driven project costing, performance comparisons across departments. Cost efficiency Bad behaviour currently costs the RBI Rs 4,000 crore in bank agency commissions because many parts of the government do not use the RBI’s free e-kuber system Connecting the dots: Justice B.N Srikrishna Committee recommendation on Data protection (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1) ‘Rohingyas’ are Muslim refugees from eastern Sri Lanka settled in Tamil Nadu An anti-communist political group in Syria A political group fighting for autonomy in Catalonia Muslim refugees migrating from Myanmar to Bangladesh Q.2) The government-appointed committee related to preparing a data protection framework was headed by BN Srikrishna Ratan Watal Rajiv Kumar Arvind Panagariya Q.3) Exercise MALABAR is a joint military exercise between which of the following given countries? India, USA, and Indonesia India, Japan and USA Japan, India, and Sri Lanka India, USA and France Q.4) Which of the following are valid grounds to impose reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the freedom of speech and expression? Security of state Contempt of court Morality Defamation Choose the appropriate option from code given below: 1,2 and 3 1,3 and 4 2,3 and 4 1,2,3 and 4 ANSWERS FOR 9th July 2020 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 A 2 D 3 C 4 A Must Read About US withdrawal from WHO: The Hindu About Chinese app ban: Internet freedom Vs National Security: The Hindu About Parliament functioning amidst pandemic: The Indian Express

Jul 10, 2020 AIR

PM Gareeb Kalyan Rozgar Abhiyaan - All India Radio (AIR) IAS UPSC

ARCHIVES PM Gareeb Kalyan Rozgar Abhiyaan Search 20th June, 2020 Spotlight here: http://www.newsonair.com/Main_Audio_Bulletins_Search.aspx Topic: General Studies 2: Governance; Welfare schemes General Studies 3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment. In News: The Prime Minister’s Garib Kalyan (PMGK) package was recently unveiled amidst COVID-19 pandemic. It is a Rs 50,000 crore dedicated programme to create jobs for millions of migrant workers who returned home during the coronavirus-induced lockdown across the country. Launched by Modi over a video conference at Khagaria district’s Telihar village in Bihar The campaign will be run on a mission mode for 125 days, involving intensified and focused implementation of 25 different types of works to provide jobs to the migrant workers. Objectives Provide livelihood opportunity to returning migrants and similarly affected rural citizens Saturate villages with public infrastructure and create livelihood opportunities viz. Roads, Housing, Anganwadis, Panchayat Bhavans, various livelihood assets and Community Complexes among others The basket of a wide variety of works will ensure that each migrant worker is able to get an opportunity of employment according to his skill, in the coming 125 days. The Program will also prepare for expansion and development of livelihoods over a longer term. Features Abhiyaan focuses on durable rural infrastructure and providing modern facilities like internet in the villages Skill mapping of the rural migrant labour being done to help them work closer home 25 work areas have been identified for employment in villages, for development of various works. These 25 works or projects are related to meet the needs of the villages like rural housing for the poor, Plantations, provision of drinking water through Jal Jeevan mission, Panchayat Bhavans, community toilets, rural mandis, rural roads, other infrastructure like Cattle Sheds, Anganwadi Bhavans etc. High speed and cheap internet be provided in every rural household to help the youth and children. Hence the laying of fibre cable and provision of internet are also made a part of the Abhiyan. Farmers are being directly linked to the market and that the Government has provided an investment of Rs 1,00,000 Crore for linkages like cold storage etc. This Abhiyaan of 125 days, will work in mission mode, will involve focused implementation of 25 categories of works/ activities in 116 districts, each with a large concentration of returnee migrant workers in 6 states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand and Odisha. Public works to be undertaken during this campaign will have a resource envelope of Rs. 50,000 crores. The Abhiyaan will be a convergent effort between 12 different Ministries/Departments, namely; Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Road Transport & Highways, Mines, Drinking Water & Sanitation, Environment, Railways, Petroleum & Natural Gas, New & Renewable Energy, Border Roads, Telecom and Agriculture, to expedite implementation of 25 public infrastructure works and works relating to augmentation of livelihood opportunities. The statement did not make it clear but the new scheme may run in tandem with the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme that allows for 100 days of work for members of rural households. The rural job guarantee scheme has seen record enrolments in rural areas following the large scale migration of lakhs of workers from their places of employment in cities and towns to the rural areas after the lockdown was imposed from 25 March. Conclusion Besides agricultural activities, rural economy offers largely informal and casual works. The promotion of formal employment opportunities, hand holding of rural industries and a better supply chain eco-system will be helpful. Reverse migration due to the pandemic and lockdown and income loss has the potential to push people into poverty in the country. But economic migration has its side effects and unless we fix the jobs and income issues at the district level, it won’t stop. Connecting the Dots: Will the Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan prove to be a sustainable scheme in the long run? Discuss. India is not ready to deal with another migration crisis. Examine. Essay: The Economics of Migration

Jul 10, 2020 RSTV Video

George Floyd Death Racism Wounds Opened – The Big Picture – RSTV IAS UPSC

George Floyd Death Racism Wounds Opened Archives TOPIC: General Studies 2 Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism. Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests In News: George Floyd who was an African-American was killed by police during an arrest (neck restraining) in Minneapolis, USA on May 25th 2020. This led to widespread protest in US against Police brutality and systemic racism. Protesters have marched in the US for a week over the death of George Floyd at the hands of a police officer. The incident once again brought to the fore concerns over the law enforcement’s bias against the African American minority, with Floyd’s death being cited as the most recent incident of racially-driven police brutality. From North America to Australasia and Europe to Africa... people have taken to the streets. Demonstrators gathered in London, Berlin and Auckland, among other cities, to protest against police brutality in solidarity with the US crowds. The Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement In 2013, after the acquittal of a civilian who fatally shot teenager Trayvon Martin in Florida the year before, the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter began trending on social media, and a movement against systemic violence against the African American community sprung up. Black Lives Matter achieved national fame in 2014 during protests against the deaths of Eric Garner and Michael Brown– the latter also being a case of fatal police shooting. Barack Obama winning the presidential election in November 2008 was a moment that was both a rupture and a healing. But it did not fundamentally change anything for the community – the execution of Troy Davis showed that nothing had changed. The Black Lives Matter movement emerged under a black president, black attorney general, and black homeland security and they couldn’t deliver. Black faces in high places succumbed to the “capitalist economy” and “militarised nation-state”. Decades back… On March 7, 1965, civil rights activists, in response to the police killing of fellow-activist Jimmie Lee Jackson the previous month, were marching from Selma in Alabama to state capital Montgomery when they were attacked by state troopers. The crackdown came to be famously known as Bloody Sunday in US civil rights annals. Undeterred, two days later, Martin Luther King Jr led another march along the same path. This time, when they encountered state troopers, the marchers took a knee. They knelt and prayed before turning back. Sociological Aspect of Racism Racism is a systematic ideology, a complex set of beliefs and practices that, on the presumed basis of biology, divides humanity into the ‘higher’ us and a lower ‘them’. Race is considered as a group with a common biological descent. Specific bodily features (colour, shape of nose, eye, lips) are permanently clumped together and human beings are classified in terms of these distinct biological clusters Further, it is believed that these shared features are inter-generationally transmitted Each race is then believed to be fundamentally and permanently different from others- differences that are innate and indestructible Despite many attempts, particularly in the 1930s to demonstrate its scientific basis, race or racial classifications have virtually no scientific foundation. Anatomy of Racism The classification of humans into different races is the starting point of all racism. Racism depends on two additional, deeply troublesome features. First is linking Biology with Behaviour A given set of biological characteristics is believed to be necessarily related to certain dispositions, traits of character and behaviour. Biological descent fixes a person’s culture and ethics. Racism thus naturalises a person’s belief, character and culture. For example, being uneducated is seen not as socio-economic deprivation but a sign of inherited low IQ. In USA, blacks are seen as predatory and savagery, which unless kept down by brute force from time to time, might explode and destroy civilisation. Second, these racial cultures and ethical systems are hierarchically arranged Racism considers that those on top are intrinsically superior to those at the bottom. Racism not only sustains a permanent group hierarchy but deeply stigmatises those designated as inferior. This sense of hierarchy provides a motive for say, whites to treat blacks in cruel ways Inferior races are either considered not worthy to live with (Ex: Anti-semitism in Nazi Germany that led to Holocost) or fit only to be controlled, subordinated and enslaves (Ex: Anti-Black racism, Caste System in India) Racism in USA Despite the civil war in US over slavery, and the civil rights movement for dignity and equality, systemic discrimination and violence against blacks persist. Even though good education helps in dismantling racism but the fact remains that much of it lies hidden within the social structure, in habits, practices and institutions. Open discrimination of blacks has been replaced by another system of hidden & systemic discrimination. There now persists a racialized criminal system – one that awards unfair advantage and privilege to whites, while inflicting unmerited and unjust disadvantages on blacks For example, in a number of southern States in America, once declared a felon, a person is disqualified from voting. In several States of USA, Blacks are 10 times more likely to go to prison than whites. In U.S., between 1976-2019, black defendants sentenced to death for killing whites numbered 291, while white defendants killing blacks were only 21. Criticisms against the recent event Civil rights movement in American history led by leaders like Martin Luther king Jr. preferred nonviolent civil disobedience methods of Mahatma Gandhi to end legalised racial discrimination, disenfranchisement and racial segregation in United States. There is popular argument that response of masses against extraordinary injustices cannot be expected as measured. But, one injustice cannot be reason for committing another injustice. Burning and looting of property is like protesting injustice by doing another. George Floyd and India Racial discrimination in United States has shown that economic development not necessarily removes forms of discrimination in the society. That’s why there in need of fresh thinking to bring social equality in India as well along with efforts of economic equality. Like United States, India has also many fault lines like religious discrimination, caste system, regionalism and linguistic issues; which often erupt into protests in India. Many people across the world expressed the solidarity with protesters including Indians tweeted with hash tag of ‘black lives matter’ and sporadic street protests outside American embassy in Kolkata. Idea of collective resistance is taking root in India as injustice anywhere is threat to justice everywhere. But it is a bit difficult in India – WHY? The ‘George Floyd’ moment is not merely about outrage over an act of injustice – keeps happening every day, or every two days in India. It is about Comprehending the urgency of aligning with the victim Realising systemic bias against the marginalised Crossing the threshold of “we” and “them” Above all, it is a moment of citizen initiative. Take the case of our very own Migrant Workers – The Paravasis India has lost that urge to consistently relate to injustice as an assault on democracy. There was no public outcry over this human tragedy and the victims themselves chose to mostly suffer in silence. They may have grumbled, or cursed under their breath, but our democracy does not seem to have encouraged them to really assert or demand their rights. Not just migrants, minorities too have been subjected to the untold misery of being excluded from the idea of the public. And more routinely, women, rural poor, Dalits and Adivasis have been objects of humiliation. The Way Forward: People cannot just flip ‘off’ the switch and forget about structural racism, discrimination and violence. It takes generations to evolve beyond that, and a commitment to do so. Hiring more Blacks, Hispanics and women into law enforcement will certainly help, but it’s not the sole fix for systematic racism in policing. A more multi-pronged approach is needed. What is different about the murder of George Floyd is how quickly the police officer, Derek Chauvin, who kneeled on his neck, was charged with third-degree murder. (The charge has since been upgraded to second degree murder. The other officers who were present but did not intervene when Mr Floyd was killed have also been charged) Whether Mr Chauvin will ultimately be convicted… we’ll see. But the swift arrest and issuing of a charge – that’s important, and unusual. The opportunity to build a better, more equitable world, lies in leveraging the numerous fluid identities of its people, resolving any discrepancies in group aspirations as they emerge on the way to achieving higher ideals. The need of the hour is to take tools of oppression and turn them into resistance. Acknowledgement that the origins of American policing (slave patrols, enforcers of Jim Crow laws) still echo today Agreement that there cannot be another murder like what happened to George Floyd Continued hiring of more officers of colour & women, including in supervisory positions Have officers live in the communities they police Consequences for bad behaviour (arrest, charging) Proper training emphasising techniques to use and not use force, when to stop using force (i.e., when a citizen is adequately subdued and no longer a threat) Police unions should take ownership of this issue Sometimes in the wake of a terrible event, such as Martin Luther King’s assassination, change can happen. We just hope that the way it did, does not get repeated again. Connecting the Dots: Do you think sudden protests in America after the death of George Floyd are right? How can it effect the social condition in India? Impact of racism on Indian diaspora in US How does India’s democracy afford to victimise large sections and manage to ensure that victims will remain docile? Discuss.

Jul 10, 2020 Important Articles

IMPORTANT UPDATE: LAST DAY TO REGISTER FOR SUPER 300 – SCHOLARSHIP TEST for ILP CONNECT+ 2021 (TEST-TOMORROW @ 11-12)

Hello Everyone, This post is a reminder to all the students, that the Scholarship Test for Super 300 ILP Connect is going to be conducted tomorrow @11-12pm. Those who want to take the test should register for ILP Basic or ILP Plus by tonight. So what is Super 300? Super 300 is a Scholarship Test. Based on the performance in the Test, FREE UPGRADATION will happen to ILP Connect+ for the TOP 300 Students. What is the Syllabus for Super 300? An OBJECTIVE TEST will be conducted on 11th July 2020 Timings: 11 AM - 12 Noon (1-hour test) Duration of the Test: 1 hour The Test will consist of 100 MCQ’s: 70 MCQ’s from Current Affairs ( Current Affairs from January 2020 – June 2020 (6 months) 30 MCQ’s from CSAT Syllabus (Aptitude and Logical Reasoning) P.S: The Test will be available BOTH in English and हिंदी How to Register for SUPER 300? To Register for Super 300 and take the test, you MUST have enrolled either for ILP BASIC or ILP PLUS by 9th July 2020. Those who have joined ILP Basic or Plus or Connect, please refer to the recent post on ILP 2021 Platform- Click Here TO REGISTER FOR ‘SUPER 300’ -> CLICK HERE The last date to register for SUPER 300 is 10th July. Can I join ILP Connect+ without taking the Super 300 Test? Yes, But the Seats are limited for ILP Connect+. In fact, we are glad to inform you that the open quota of 500 seats which we had kept, has been filled. However, after the announcement was made, many candidates requested to increase the seats so that they can also enroll for personal mentorship. Keeping these requests in mind we have decided that we will be increasing 200 seats that will be offered on a First Come First serve basis ONLY. The number of mentors havebeen increased to impart quality guidance so that you can prepare efficiently and do not drift away from the path. To Know More about ILP Programme/AIPTS 2021 Programme ENGLISH & हिंदी -> CLICK HERE For ILP (Basic/Plus/Connect+) PAYMENT -> CLICK HERE For any Queries related to ILP or All India Prelims Test Series (AIPTS) 2021- Mentorship in Local Language: We have realized the importance of mother tongue in teaching. Hence, from now on guidance at IASbaba will be provided in the mother tongue as well. Even if you are appearing for the exam in English, you can ask your queries in the language you are comfortable with. Also, mentorship in Integrated Learning Program (ILP) – 2021 will also be provided in the same languages. You can call on the following numbers for your preparation related queries and any queries related to counseling. Note: All these Mentors can also speak in English. Timing of Call- 10am-5pm (except for Sunday’s) English– 9986193413/9899291288/9035077800 Hindi– 9911778098/8800572565 Kannada– 9886454655/9035077800/9899291288 Telugu– 6366456458/9899291288 Tamil– 8882979568 Malayalam– 9552274019 Marathi– 9920774550 Thank You IASbaba

Jul 10, 2020 INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020

[Day 27] INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN(IRP – हिंदी & ENGLISH) 2020 – PRELIMS & MAINS – [10th July, 2020]

For Previous IRP (हिंदी & English ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome to [Day 27] INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN(IRP – हिंदी & ENGLISH) 2020 – PRELIMS & MAINS – [10th July, 2020] UPSC Static Quiz - 2020 : IASbaba's Daily Static Quiz - POLITY [Day 27] UPSC Quiz - 2020 : IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs Quiz [Day 27] IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2 – ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 1 Questions[10th July,2020] – Day 27 [Day 27] IASBABA का इंटीग्रेटेड रिवीज़न प्लान (IRP) 2020 - [10th July, 2020] The Intention behind this Initiative: IRP 2020 – Road Map for the next 100 Days! We will make sure, in the next 4 months not a single day is wasted. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE विस्तृत विवरण के लिए नीचे क्लिक करें -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Thank You IASbaba

Jul 10, 2020 INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020

[Day 27] IASBABA का इंटीग्रेटेड रिवीज़न प्लान (IRP) 2020 - [10th July, 2020]

For Previous IRP (Hindi & English ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE हाल ही में UPSC द्वारा COVID-19 को देखते हुए प्रारंभिक परीक्षा-2020 के लिए नई तिथि 4 अक्टूबर, 2020 की घोषणा की गयी है। ऐसे में इन 100 दिनों का सदुपयोग सही दिशा में करना अति महत्त्वपूर्ण हो गया है। इसको देखते हुए IASBABA टीम द्वारा इष्टतम लाभ प्राप्त करने के लिए 10 जून 2020 से इंटीग्रेटेड रिवीज़न प्लान-2020 लांच किया गया है, जिससे एक बार पुनः परीक्षा से संबंधित संपूर्ण पाठ्यक्रम का समुचित रिवीज़न किया जा सके। इंटीग्रेटेड रिवीज़न प्लान (IRP) 2020 के महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य: IRP 2020 एक निःशुल्क पहल है, जिसे आपको अगले 100 दिनों के लिए केंद्रित रखने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है! कार्यक्रम 10 जून 2020 से आरंभ होगा। यह सप्ताह में 6 दिन चलेगा। रविवार को अवकाश होगा - आप इस समय का उपयोग रिवीज़न और वैकल्पिक विषय के लिए कर सकते हैं। इसमें आपकी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा और मुख्य परीक्षा दोनों की तैयारी शामिल हैं। प्रतिदिन आधार पर - प्रारंभिक परीक्षा - 5 करंट अफेयर्स संबंधी बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न, 10 स्टेटिक भाग जैसे इतिहास, भूगोल, राजव्यवस्था, अर्थशास्त्र एवं पर्यावरण आदि संबंधी बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न होंगे। प्रतिदिन आधार पर - मुख्य परीक्षा - TLP - 3 प्रश्न मुख्य परीक्षा संबंधी GS1, GS2, GS3 को कवर करते हुए पोस्ट किया जाएगा। इन 3 प्रश्नों में से 2 स्टेटिक भाग से और 1 करंट अफेयर्स से होंगे। GS 4 (नीतिशास्त्र) और निबंध पर विशेष जोर - प्रत्येक सप्ताह (शुक्रवार को) 3 प्रश्न पोस्ट किए जाएंगे। इसमें 2 नैतिकता सिद्धांत एवं 1 प्रश्न केस स्टडी पर आधारित होंगे। प्रत्येक शनिवार को 4 निबंध दिए जाएंगे (इसमें 2 सामान्य थीम आधारित और 2 दार्शनिक विषय पर आधारित होंगे) हिंदी माध्यम में प्रश्न शाम 5 बजे (5 PM) अपलोड किए जाएंगे। पहल के बारे में अधिक जानने के लिए -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” IASbaba's Daily Static Quiz - POLITY Q.1) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश सहित उच्चतम न्यायालय के न्यायाधीशों की अधिकतम संख्या तीस होगी। चौथे न्यायाधीशों के मामले (Fourth Judges Case) में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने पहली बार निर्णय दिया कि भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश को उच्चतम न्यायालय के चार वरिष्ठतम न्यायाधीशों से मिलकर गठित कॉलेजियम से परामर्श करना चाहिए। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही नहीं है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.2) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: 84 वें संवैधानिक संशोधन अधिनियम के अनुसार, सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के वरिष्ठतम न्यायाधीश को भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश के रूप में नियुक्त किया जाता है। सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के एक न्यायाधीश 5 वर्ष तक पद पर रह सकते हैं या जब तक वह पैंसठ वर्ष की आयु प्राप्त नहीं कर लेते हैं, जो भी पहले हो। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.3) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें कोई भी व्यक्ति जिसने सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के रूप में पदभार संभाला है, भारत के भीतर उच्च न्यायालय और उच्चतम न्यायालय को छोड़कर, वह किसी भी न्यायालय में कोई पदभार ग्रहण नहीं करेगा। जब भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश अपने कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने में असमर्थ होते हैं, तो कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के अगले वरिष्ठतम न्यायाधीश द्वारा किया जाएगा। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.4) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: जब सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के किसी भी सत्र को आयोजित करने या जारी रखने के लिए स्थायी न्यायाधीशों के कोरम की कमी होती है, तो राष्ट्रपति एक अस्थायी अवधि के लिए सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के तदर्थ न्यायाधीश के रूप में एक उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश को नामित करता है। राष्ट्रपति की पूर्व सहमति से भारत का मुख्य न्यायाधीश उच्चतम न्यायालय के सेवानिवृत्त न्यायाधीश से अस्थायी अवधि के लिए उच्चतम न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के रूप में कार्य करने का अनुरोध कर सकता है। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही नहीं है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.5) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: संविधान यह कहता है कि कानून द्वारा संसद (राष्ट्रपति की पूर्व स्वीकृति के साथ) अन्य स्थान या स्थानों को सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की सीट के रूप में नियुक्त कर सकती है। भारतीय क्षेत्र में, आपराधिक मामलों के केस में उच्च न्यायालय के किसी भी निर्णय, डिक्री या अंतिम आदेश के लिए सर्वोच्च न्यायालय में अपील दायर की जा सकती है, लेकिन सिविल मामलों में नहीं। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.6) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: राष्ट्रीय आपातकाल के दौरान राज्य के विषयों पर संसद द्वारा बनाए गए कानून आपातकाल की समाप्ति के छह महीने बाद निष्क्रिय हो जाते हैं। राष्ट्रीय आपातकाल के दौरान किसी राज्य की विधायिका की विधायी शक्ति निलंबित नहीं की जाती है, यह संसद की अतिव्यापी शक्ति (overriding power) के अधीन हो जाती है। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.7) अनुच्छेद 358 और 359 मौलिक अधिकारों पर राष्ट्रीय आपातकाल के प्रभाव का वर्णन करता है। इस संबंध में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सही नहीं है? अनुच्छेद 358 केवल अनुच्छेद 19 द्वारा गारंटीकृत मौलिक अधिकारों के निलंबन से संबंधित है। अनुच्छेद 358 आपातकाल घोषित होते ही राष्ट्रपति को अनुच्छेद 19 के तहत मौलिक अधिकारों को निलंबित करने का अधिकार देता है। राष्ट्रीय आपातकाल के दौरान की गई विधायी और कार्यकारी कार्रवाइयों को आपातकाल समाप्ति के बाद भी चुनौती नहीं दी जा सकती है। अनुच्छेद 359 बाह्य आपातकाल और आंतरिक आपातकाल दोनों के मामले में संचालित होता है Q.8) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के एक न्यायाधीश राष्ट्रपति को पत्र लिखकर अपने कार्यालय से इस्तीफ़ा दे सकते हैं। सर्वोच्च न्यायालय न्यायिक समीक्षा की शक्ति का प्रयोग करके, संसद द्वारा पारित किसी भी असंवैधानिक संशोधनों से संविधान की रक्षा करता है। उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.9) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: उच्च न्यायालय किसी भी व्यक्ति, प्राधिकरण और सरकार को अपने प्रादेशिक क्षेत्राधिकार (territorial jurisdiction) में ही रिट जारी कर सकता है। अनुच्छेद 32 के तहत उच्च न्यायालय का रिट क्षेत्राधिकार अनन्य (exclusive) नहीं है लेकिन अनुच्छेद 226 के तहत सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के रिट क्षेत्राधिकार के साथ समवर्ती (concurrent) है। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही नहीं है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.10) निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा प्रावधान, भारत के सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की स्वायत्तता की रक्षा करता है? भारत के राष्ट्रपति संसद के परामर्श से सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति करते हैं। सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश राष्ट्रपति के प्रसादपर्यंत अपने पद पर आसीन रहते हैं। न्यायाधीशों का वेतन भारत के समेकित कोष पर भारित किया जाता है, जिसके लिए विधायिका को मतदान नहीं करना पड़ता है। नीचे दिए गए कूट से सही उत्तर चुनें: केवल 1 केवल 1 और 2 केवल 3 1, 2 और 3 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs Quiz Q.1) नीचे दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा / से विदेशी अंशदान (विनियमन) अधिनियम (FCRA) के संबंध में सही है? यह भारतीय रिजर्व बैंक द्वारा कार्यान्वित, वित्तीय विधान (financial legislation) से संबंधित कानून है। अधिनियम के तहत, विदेशों से धन प्राप्त करने वाले गैर सरकारी संगठनों को प्रत्येक पांच वर्ष में स्वयं को पंजीकृत करने की आवश्यकता होती है। सही उत्तर चुनें: केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.2) प्रधानमंत्री आवास योजना (शहरी) मिशन के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: यह योजना वर्ष 2022 तक शहरी क्षेत्रों में सभी को आवास प्रदान करने के लिए है। इसका उद्देश्य प्रत्येक परिवार को पानी के कनेक्शन, शौचालय की सुविधा, 24 * 7 बिजली की आपूर्ति और पहुंच के साथ एक पक्का घर प्रदान करना है। PMAY (U) ने परिवार की महिला मुखिया के लिए इस मिशन के तहत घर का मालिक या सह-मालिक होने का अनिवार्य प्रावधान किया है। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? 1 और 3 केवल 3 1 और 2 1, 2 और 3 Q.3) संयुक्त राष्ट्र के छह मुख्य अंगों में से कौन से अंग हैं? अंतर्राष्ट्रीय न्यायालय (International Court of Justice) अंतरराष्ट्रीय अपराध न्यायालय (International Criminal Court) आर्थिक और सामाजिक परिषद (Economic and Social Council) न्यास परिषद (Trusteeship Council) सही उत्तर चुनें: 1 और 2 3 और 4 1, 3 और 4 1, 2, 3 और 4 Q.4) संयुक्त राष्ट्र के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें अंतर्राष्ट्रीय न्यायालय और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय आपराधिक न्यायालय संयुक्त राष्ट्र के दो विवाद समाधान तंत्र हैं। संयुक्त राष्ट्र के सभी सदस्य राष्ट्र, यूनेस्को के भी सदस्य हैं। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 दोनों 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.5) अफॉर्डेबल रेंटल हाउसिंग कॉम्प्लेक्स (Affordable Rental Housing Complexes -ARHCs) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सही नहीं है, जिसे हाल ही में लॉन्च किया गया था? आवास और शहरी मामलों के मंत्रालय ने ARHCs का शुभारंभ किया है। ARHCs प्रधानमंत्री आवास योजना-शहरी (PMAY-U) के अंतर्गत एक उप-योजना है। ARHCs के लिए लाभार्थी EWS/ LIG श्रेणियों से शहरी प्रवासी / गरीब होंगे। इनमें से कोई भी नहीं उत्तर डाउनलोड करने के लिए नीचे क्लिक करें - Click Here

Jul 10, 2020 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz - 2020 : IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs Quiz [Day 27]

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. This is a part of our recently launched, NEW INITIATIVE IASbaba’s INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020 – Road Map for the next 100 Days! FREE INITIATIVE! We will make sure, in the next 4 months not a single day is wasted. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

Jul 10, 2020 Daily Static Quiz

UPSC Static Quiz - 2020 : IASbaba's Daily Static Quiz - POLITY [Day 27]

For Previous Static Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE DAILY STATIC QUIZ will cover all the topics of Static/Core subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. This is a part of our recently launched, NEW INITIATIVE IASbaba’s INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020 – Road Map for the next 100 Days! FREE INITIATIVE! We will make sure, in the next 4 months not a single day is wasted. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Important Note After completing the 10 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken and solutions. Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) To take the Test - Click Here

Jul 10, 2020 TLP Mains 2020

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2 - ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing - General Studies Paper 1 Questions[10th July,2020] - Day 27

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome toIASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2- ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing - General Studies 1 Questions[10th July, 2020] - Day 27 This is a part of our recently launched, NEW INITIATIVE IASbaba’s INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020 – Road Map for the next 100 Days! FREE INITIATIVE! We will make sure, in the next 4 months not a single day is wasted. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. We are giving 3 Mains Questions on Daily basis (unlike our regular TLP which has 5 questions) so that every student can actively participate and keep your preparation focused. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. The prevalence of caste politics in India is an indicator of retrograde political attitude. Do you agree? Critically comment. भारत में जाति की राजनीति का प्रचलन प्रतिगामी राजनीतिक रवैये का सूचक है। क्या आप सहमत हैं? समालोचनात्मक टिप्पणी करें। 2. What role have social influence and persuasion played in containing the spread of COVID-19? Illustrate. COVID-19 के प्रसार को रोकने में सामाजिक प्रभाव और अनुनय की क्या भूमिका रही है? उदाहरण देकर स्पष्ट करें। 3. What purpose does the merger of government owned banks and PSUs serve? Discuss. सरकार के स्वामित्व वाले बैंकों और सार्वजनिक उपक्रमों के विलय का क्या उद्देश्य है? चर्चा करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm everyday. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each others answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Jul 9, 2020 AIR

Key outcomes of 40th GST Council Meeting - All India Radio (AIR) IAS UPSC

ARCHIVES Key outcomes of 40th GST Council Meeting Search 12th June, 2020 Spotlight here: http://www.newsonair.com/Main_Audio_Bulletins_Search.aspx Topic: General Studies 3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment. Government Budgeting In News: Federal indirect tax body, the Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council, held its 40th meeting by videoconference at a time central and state governments are facing severe cash crunch caused by the lockdown necessitated by the covid-19 pandemic. The meeting is also the first since the lockdown was imposed on 25 March. The Government is faced with a tough balancing act, as on one hand it needs robust GST collections to help meet its regular and extraordinary expenses during the pandemic, while on the other hand, businesses are looking for relief to help them tide the major disruptions, loss of revenue and uncertainties. Key Takeaways – Reduction in late fee for past returns: As a measure to clean up pendency in return filing, the late fee for non-furnishing form GSTR-3B for the tax period July 2017 to January 2020 has been reduced/waived. No late fees will be levied on registered entities with nil GST return filing between July 2017 and January 2020. For people who have a tax liability, the maximum late fee for non-filing of GSTR-3B returns for period July 2017 to January has been capped at Rs 500. The reduced rate of late fee would apply for all the GSTR-3B returns furnished between July 1 and September 30. Further relief for small taxpayers for March and April tax periods: For small taxpayers (aggregate turnover up to Rs 5 crore), the rate of interest for late furnishing of returns beyond specified dates (staggered up to July 6) reduced to 9 percent per annum from 18 percent till September 30. For subsequent tax periods (May, June and July): Small taxpayers provided relief by waiver of late fees and interest if the returns in form GSTR-3B, for the supplies effected in May, June and July, are furnished by September. One-time extension for seeking revocation of cancellation of registration: Taxpayers, who could not get their cancelled GST registrations restored in time, can file an application for revocation of cancellation of registration up to September 30. This applies to all cases where registrations have been cancelled till June 12. The Council also deferred the decision of raising rates on textiles, fertilisers and footwear to correct the inverted duty structure. States unanimously agreed on the principal of correcting the inverted duty structure but also said that the it is not the right time to raise rates when the idea is to revive demand in the economy. Source: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/gst-council-meet-fm-gives-relief-to-small-taxpayers/articleshow/76338650.cms The next Council Meeting: The Council also decided to meet again in mid-July, to look into the issue of raising funds to meet the compensation requirements of states. The Council in will deliberate on the idea whether Centre can borrow funds from the market to pay off states dues. Conclusion Removal of late fees for past returns is a big relief for those who are already facing severe cash crunch and this decision will be widely welcomed by small businesses. As the COVID scenario remains precarious, businesses need to closely review their functions and focus on adopting business continuity tools and technology. This way they can use this time to prepare for more pain, some of which may still come. However, there is no picture was given on how the future looks in terms of expectations of revenue collections. Note: About GST Council The GST Council is a constitutional body established under Article 279A of Indian Constitution It makes recommendations to the Union and State Government on issues related to Goods and Service Tax (GST). The GST Council is chaired by the Union Finance Minister. Must Read: GST- Critical analysis of its working Connecting the Dots: Have the GST collection measured up to expectations? Discuss. How can the gap between fund availability and fund requirement be bridged?

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