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Apr 16, 2019 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 16th April 2019

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 16th April 2019 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Global measles cases up by 300%, says WHO Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Health issue; Role of international organization In news: According to the WHO – Measles cases rose 300% worldwide through the first three months of 2019 compared to the same period last year. Measles, which is highly contagious, can be entirely prevented through a two-dose vaccine. The reason for rise is attributed to impact of anti-vaccination stigma. Most measles-related deaths are caused by complications associated with the disease. Serious complications are more common in children under the age of 5, or adults over the age of 30. The most serious complications include blindness, encephalitis (an infection that causes brain swelling), severe diarrhoea and related dehydration, ear infections, or severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia. Severe measles is more likely among poorly nourished young children, especially those with insufficient vitamin A, or whose immune systems have been weakened by HIV/AIDS or other diseases. Important Value Additions: About Measles Measles is a deadly disease. It can lead to following complications – Pneumonia Diarrhoea Other deadly threats Measles remains a leading cause of death among young children, despite the fact that a safe and effective vaccine has been available for 40 years. Measles is an acute illness caused by a virus of the paramyxovirus family. Wildlife Sactuary in news: Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Environment and Biodiversity; Protected Areas Why in news? Tiger reserve status for Nandhaur sought. With the number of tigers steadily on the rise at Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary in Uttarakhand, the authorities feel upgrading it to a tiger reserve is necessary for the conservation of tigers at the facility. Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary is situated close to the Nandhaur river in Kumaon region of the State and spread over an area of 269.5 square km. The number of tigers at the sanctuary when it came into being in 2012 was nine which rose to 27 in 2018. The number is set to cross 32 this year. The official said the steady rise in tiger population at the sanctuary over the years and the growing trend indicate that the sanctuary with the limited resources at its disposal may not be able to efficiently handle its responsibilities for long. Do you know? Though the Wildlife Institute of India and the Forest Department are working hard with financial help from the Zoological Society of London to maintain the sanctuary as a safe habitat for tigers, the task may get difficult in the long run, the situation becomes rather delicate from the point of view of tiger conservation as the sanctuary at present does not come formally under the ambit of the National Tiger Conservation Authority. The State government can play a role in its elevation as a tiger reserve so that it gets central government funds and the expertise of national level zoological scientists to conserve the growing population of tigers at the sanctuary. Sub-sonic cruise missile ‘Nirbhay’ successfully test-fired Part of: GS Prelims III - Defence In news: India successfully test-fired its first indigenously designed and developed long-range sub-sonic cruise missile ‘Nirbhay’ from a test range in Odisha. It is capable of loitering and cruising at 0.7 Mach at altitude as low as 100 metres, covered the designated target range in 42 minutes and 23 seconds. The flight test achieved all the mission objectives, right from lift off till the final splash, boosting the confidence of all the scientists associated with the trial, sources said, adding it has an engine with rocket booster and turbofan/jet. The last successful trial of the missile was conducted on November 7, 2017. (MAINS FOCUS) NATIONAL TOPIC: General studies 2 Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity. Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act. State financing for fair and transparent poll funding Context: Indian elections are the world’s biggest exercise in democracy but also among the most expensive. India’s campaign spend is only rivalled by the American presidential race, the world’s most expensive election. In just 28 days since the announcement of the general election, the Election Commission (EC) has seized cash, drugs, alcohol, precious metals and other items worth Rs 1,800 crore. Rs 70 lakh is the legal upper limit of expenditure per candidate for Lok Sabha elections. The law prescribes that the total election expenditure shall not exceed the maximum limit prescribed under Rule 90 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961. However, simple arithmetic would show that the seized amount can fully finance up to five candidates from each of the 543 constituencies. And the amount seized is just the tip of the iceberg. The expenditure in any election is estimated to be several times the legal upper limit. Just remember – Rule 90 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961 Rs 70 lakh is the legal upper limit of expenditure per candidate The EC has identified unchecked money power as one of the biggest concerns and has been rooting for capping party and campaign expenditure to ensure a level-playing field for all parties and to check the money power visible during every elections. However, expenditure in any election is estimated to be several times the legal upper limit. Do you know? Under Section 29B of the Representation of the People Act 1951, political parties are free to accept donations from any person, except from a foreign source. Reasons: money wields the ability to disrupt political agenda and foreign money dilutes electoral integrity. Can state financing of elections ensure free and fair elections? State funding of elections has been suggested in the past in response to the high cost of elections. A few government reports have looked at state funding of elections in the past, including: Indrajit Gupta Committee on State Funding of Elections (1998) Law Commission Report on Reform of the Electoral Laws (1999) National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (2001) Second Administrative Reforms Commission (2008) State financing will establish a fair playing field for parties with less money. Absence of a level playing field reduces the effectiveness of our democracy. Corporate donations constitute the main source of election funding in India which is flooded with black money, with business and corporate donations to political parties commonly taking this form. Therefore, evolving a transparent method of funding political parties is vital to the system of free and fair elections. But the concern for transparency in political funding is at complete odds with the electoral bonds scheme notified by the government. Simply put, anybody can buy electoral bonds in the form of bearer bonds from specified branches of the State Bank of India and donate it anonymously to a political party of their choice; the party must cash the bonds within 14 days. All donations given to a party will be accounted for in the balance sheets but without exposing the donor details to the public. The anonymity provision under the scheme is antagonistic to transparency — the bonds merely enable an “on-the-books” secretive transfer. Far from reducing the large-scale corporate funding of elections, the introduction of electoral bonds does not even address this issue. Alternately, state funding of the recognised political parties and outlawing of corporate funding could be instrumental in making the electoral process fairer and more participatory. State financing as a viable alternative Thus, necessity would dictate that the task of electoral funding be given to the EC under Article 324. A fair and transparent manner to finance the political parties would require a censure of unaccounted money and direct donations by corporates and non-voters to political parties. State funding of recognised political parties is a viable alternative. A state funding scheme would be viable through the levy of an election cess on the direct taxes. A National Election Fund could be maintained by the EC, into which the proceeds from this cess may be deposited Parties would be inclined to adopt a more inclusive agenda when in government since more votes will translate into more state funding. Parties will also vie for votes in absolute numbers than merely be the first past the post. Democracy will then truly be of the people, for the people and by the people. Connecting the dots: State funding of elections is a potential solution to reduce the role of unaccounted cash in the electoral process and ensure level playing field. Comment. If corruption-free and fair elections are a pillar of democracy, the taxpayers should pay for elections because they have a real stake in corruption-free good governance. Do you agree? Substantiate. What are various electoral and political funding reforms which need to be undertaken to bring in transparency and accountability in the Indian political environment. Describe. The need for transparency in electoral funding for a level playing field in elections is a fundamental requirement. Discuss. Also suggest measures needed to address the problem of unchecked money power visible during every election. NATIONAL/GOVERNANCE TOPIC: General studies 2 Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Weathervane of democracy Context: For the first time since the general election of 1996, the reputation of the Election Commission of India (ECI) has taken a beating. Surveys showed that trust in the ECI was the highest among the major public institutions in India. However, there are now perceptions that the ECI has responded inadequately, or not at all, to violations of the Model Code of Conduct (MCC) Model Code of Conduct The MCC, like the ECI itself, is a unique Indian innovation and encapsulates an important story about democracy in India — the conduct of free and fair elections. Though just a brief set of guidelines, not law, the MCC is a powerful instrument. It comes into force when the ECI announces election dates and comprises directions to government functionaries, political parties and candidates aimed at an impartial election process. Important provisions include barring governments from making policy announcements to sway voters and restraining political actors from inciting hatred against any group, or bribing or intimidating voters. Origin of MCC The emergence of the code (during 1962 Lok Sabha elections) and its voluntary acceptance by political parties showed the commitment of the political elite to the holding of free and fair elections. However, from 1967 till 1991, as political competition intensified, political actors began to resort to corrupt electoral practices. Governments made populist announcements on the eve of elections, had pliant officials in key positions while intimidation of voters and booth capturing increased. After 1991, the ECI refined the code, making it more stringent by including a section about the misuse of powers by ruling parties and renamed it the MCC. ECI began to command a new respect and electoral malpractices declined dramatically. Though it demanded that the MCC be incorporated in the law, no such law could be passed. MCC in contemporary times Today, the MCC is at a crossroads, as is the ECI. Electoral malpractice has appeared in new forms. Voter bribery and manipulation through the media have become the techniques of unethically influencing voters in place of voter intimidation and booth capturing. These malpractices are harder to stem. The misuse of the media is difficult to trace to specific political parties and candidates. The ECI’s response to the new challenges has been inadequate, even though it has evolved a code for social media. At the same time, the misuse of money and media power has intensified since the last two elections. ECI’s capacity to respond to the older types of violations of the MCC has weakened. Political actors are regaining the confidence to flout the MCC without facing the consequences. Today, the ECI’s own commitment to the MCC (which is considered to be the weathervane of our democracy) seems to have weakened, a bad omen for our democracy. Connecting the dots: What is the model code of conduct during elections? Does Election Commission have adequate powers to enforce it? Discuss. What do you understand by the Model Code of Conduct. Discuss its significance and drawbacks. MUST READ The road to Kashmir The Hindu Embracing the Islamic world Indian Express In a post-Brexit world, India can leverage its trading relationship with EU Financial Express Think before getting machines to take moral decisions for us Livemint

Apr 16, 2019 60 Days Plan 2019 - Daily Prelims Test

60 Days Plan: UPSC IAS Prelims 2019- Polity and Current Affairs (Day 38)

60 Days Plan: UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 - Polity and Current Affairs (Day 38) 60 Day plan has been published on the website (www.iasbaba.com - Click here). Since we have come up with the 'Quiz Format', it will not be feasible to publish it on the app. For feasibility and getting to know where you stand among your peers (we have a leaderboard which gives your marks and rank) it would be advisable to take the test on the website. All the best. make the best use of the initiative ! Before taking the Test, read the post below, ARCHIVES Hello Friends, The most beloved 60 Days for UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 has finally begun :) Once again the time has come for the battle (Prelims). And who else than your best companion in the last preparatory phase for UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 i.e 60 days plan. It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop. Hope the message given above makes sense to you all. The productive utilization of this programme demands consistency, honesty, faith and strong determination to be in the process of learning and unlearning. You might not be fully prepared to solve all the questions but the learning and unlearning through these questions will prepare you for the real battle on 2nd June 2019. You have to unlearn your repetitive mistakes, gut feeling on which you mark doubtful questions. You have to learn new things and also those concepts that you were very sure of but somehow because of traps in the option, got it wrong. You have to learn 'how to convert knowledge into marks' (Because most of the times, after ending the exam, you regret making mistakes in known concepts). Secondly, keep a long distance from following too many things at this point. It will always backfire. Once you are here, put complete faith and follow this initiative along with whatever you were doing. It is very important to consolidate your preparation with many revisions. Simply following many things will leave you in despair. You can cross check this with veterans. Everything that seems attractive is not productive. You should always go for productivity. Be wise! Let us pledge to make it a big game changer (better than last year) in the next 60 days of this plan! Importance of Self - Tracking: Learning from Last Year Last year, aspirants used to type/post their answers in the comment box on a daily basis. There were huge participation and discussion below the test post. Putting answers in the comment box has been very effective to self-track yourself after updating the score. In the end, you can cross check your performance through Disqus profile. It was highly effective in the last edition of 60 Days that propelled aspirants to monitor their performance and learn through discussion. Let you solve these questions with full honesty and write your result in the comment box. Interact with peers to know your mistakes. The importance of this initiative stands time-bound and aggressive reverse engineering to learn the concepts. Many of you must be busy with your own strategy but let us tell you honestly that in the last few months, it is very important to revise and consolidate your learning. Just reading won’t suffice. So, take out a few hours from your schedule and make it a revision exercise. How can you make the best use of it? Be honest to your effort and do not start competing with XYZ aspirants just for the sake of marks. It is more important for you to introspect and check your learning than focusing on others. Try to answer the questions in 25 minutes only. Do not get into negative feeling that I don’t have enough knowledge to answer these questions. Feel like you are taking the real exam. What would be your response then? The same will be replicated in the UPSC exam. Here, you get marks only and nothing else matters. So, make effort to know the answers to all questions. Do not cheat :P DETAILED MICRO ANALYSIS MATRIX SAMPLE- is given here. You can download this and do an assessment for yourself (the excel sheet must be modified as per this years planning. The provided excel sheet is only for reference). DOWNLOAD You can copy paste the same format/modify as per your need in Google Spreadsheet and update it on daily basis. Feedback talks about daily test results. Follow-up talks about daily target achieved from sources and the number of revisions to do/done and dates. Sources column is to ensure that aspirants do not run behind various sources and follow the same throughout. Would like to end on this quote: Either you run the day or the day runs you. Are you ready? Let's start! Important Note Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test

Apr 15, 2019 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 15th April 2019

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 15th April 2019 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) India short of 6 lakh doctors, 2 million nurses: U.S. study Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Health issue; Welfare/Social issue In news: According to report by the U.S.-based Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy (CDDEP) – India has a shortage of an estimated 600,000 doctors and 2 million nurses. Lack of staff who are properly trained in administering antibiotics is preventing patients from accessing life-saving drugs. High out-of-pocket medical costs to the patient are compounded by limited government spending for health services. In India, 65% of health expenditure is out-of-pocket, and such expenditures push some 57 million people into poverty each year. Do you know? WHO recommends that out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) on health should not exceed 15-20 per cent. In India, there is one government doctor for every 10,189 people (the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends a ratio of 1:1,000), or there is a deficit of 600,000 doctors, and the nurse:patient ratio is 1:483, implying a shortage of two million nurses. Issue of EVM malfunctioning: Demand for verification of 50% of VVPAT machines Part of: GS Mains II – National issue; Accountability and Transparency issues In news: Leaders of major Opposition parties to move SC again for 50% of the Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) machines with the Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs). Opposition parties argued that the confidence of voters can be gained only through paper trail. VVPAT ensures the accuracy of the voting system. We had read recently that the SC had directed the Election Commission to increase random matching of VVPAT slips with EVMs from one polling booth to five booths in every Assembly segment to instil confidence in voters. C-295 plane deal in final stages Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Defence; Science and Tech In news: Major IAF deals pending approval C-295 transport aircraft: Negotiations for the C-295 deal have been completed. However, the deal needs clearance from the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) as there is a change from earlier parameters. C-295s to replace the ageing Avro fleet of Indian Air Force (IAF). Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for 114 fighter jets and the fresh proposal for six mid-air refuellers are pending. pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2019/04/15/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_07/d05dc3e7_2872648_101_mr.jpg Oil consuming bacteria found below ocean Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Environment and Biodiversity; pollution In news: Scientists have discovered a unique oil eating bacteria in the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the earth’s oceans. The findings may pave way for sustainable ways to clean up oils spills. Miscellaneous Animal in news: Yangtze giant softshell turtle In news: The only known female member of one of the world’s rarest turtle species has died at a zoo in southern China. The animal was one of four Yangtze giant softshell turtles known to be remaining in the world. The Suzhou zoo, where the female turtle lived, also houses a male Yangtze giant softshell turtle. The other two live in Vietnam. pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2019/04/15/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_18/38194107_2872537_1_mr.jpg World’s largest plane makes first test flight In news: The world’s largest aeroplane — with two fuselages and six Boeing 747 engines — made its first test flight on 14th April, 2019 in California. The mega jet, called Stratolaunch, carried out its maiden voyage over the Mojave desert. It is designed to carry into space, and drop, a rocket that would in turn ignite to deploy satellites. It is supposed to provide a more flexible way to deploy satellites than vertical takeoff rockets because this way all that is needed is a long runway for takeoff. Pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2019/04/15/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_18/38194107_2872540_1_mr.jpg Do you know? Stratolaunch was financed by Paul Allen, a co-founder of Microsoftas a way to get into the market for launching small satellites. But Allen died in October of last year. (MAINS FOCUS) HEALTH ISSUE TOPIC: General studies 2 Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Issues relating to poverty and hunger Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes Health of a nation: Need for a effective UHC Key pointers: World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7th April, under the sponsorship of the World Health Organization (WHO). 2019 WHD Theme: Universal Health Coverage: : everyone, everywhere Through this 2019 WHD theme, WHO sought to highlight the importance and urgency of achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has also set a target that all countries must achieve UHC by 2030. India, too, accepted that target date while signing up to the SDGs. Definition of UHC According to WHO, UHC “means that all individuals and communities receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship. It includes the full spectrum of essential, quality health services from health promotion to prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care.” Country’s performance or success of UHC depends on – How well UHC is defined and monitored? What services are to be universally provided? What level of financial protection is considered acceptable? Whether UHC will commence by offering the same set of services to the entire population and progressively expand the service package to all Or whether UHC first prioritise certain services to the poor and vulnerable sections, to ensure both access and affordability, while leaving the rest of the population for coverage at a later stage? Or whether UHC provide a basic package of services to all, with full financial protection, along with an additional set of publicly funded services to the poor and vulnerable sections. These are all possible beginnings in the path of progressive universalisation that ultimately leads to UHC for everyone. India’s UHC To meet the standard set by the WHO and the SDGs, India’s UHC should include all persons in a population, even if the service package is modest to begin with. In terms of financial protection, the WHO recommends that out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) on health should not exceed 15-20 per cent. And this requires a high level of public financing. Even countries which follow an insurance model have a high level of public funding to support several health services. Mandated contributory insurance model will not work in India which has over 90 per cent of the workforce in the informal sector. How does India measure up presently and how can we achieve the 2030 target? India’s out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) on health is currently around 63 per cent (WHO recommends 15-20%) Impoverishment due to unaffordable healthcare expenditure affects 7 per cent of our population. Healthcare induced financial distress is a leading cause of suicide among farmers. Access to health services varies widely among states and between rural and urban populations. Qualified healthcare providers are in short supply nationally and those available are maldistributed. It’s a long way before we reach the base camp of UHC, even as the ascent to the 2030 summit seems very steep. The way ahead: What should India need to do? Public financing is the lifeline of UHC. Important to raise public spending on health to at least 2.5 per cent by 2022 and 3 per cent by 2024. Primary health care has to be recognised as the foundational basis of an efficient and equitable healthcare system. Primary care needs to be the fulcrum of UHC. Emergency health services are also a high priority, to provide the link between these services and also lifesaving care on location and during transport. All such services have to be provided free of cost. Right from start, UHC has to cover several services like commonly needed surgeries and treatments that can protect life. Government funded programmes should ensure that financial barriers should not stop access to needed advanced care. As UHC evolves, the poor and near-poor must get full cost coverage while others may seek protection through employer funded schemes or privately purchased insurance. Even for them, OOPE must remain low. The health work force has to be expanded to make available multi-layered, multi-skilled teams which can deliver the needed services. Basic and specialist doctors, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, pharmacists and an array of allied health professionals need to be developed in large numbers and deployed across the country. This needs reforms in health professional education, cadre planning and incentives for rural postings. UHC has to be cashless at the point of care and health benefits under the programme have to be available for access anywhere in the country. Strengthening of primary care infrastructure and district hospitals has to be a government priority. Free provision of essential drugs and diagnostics at public healthcare facilities will have an immediate impact on OOPE. Connecting the dots: What do you understand by universal health coverage? Explain the measures taken by the government to achieve universal health coverage in India. Discuss the merits and challenges associated with ‘Universal Health Coverage’. Analyse the ways to improve India’s health profile. The idea of a ‘Universal Health Coverage’ is gaining traction across the world. Do you think India is prepared to adopt this scheme? Critically evaluate. Why India’s health achievements are very modest and has poor health indicators compared to its neighbours? Examine. Also suggest ideas to improve the status of public healthcare in India. NATIONAL/GOVERNANCE TOPIC: General studies 2 Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions. Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation ‘Politicization’ of the military Context: In recent weeks, much has been written about the likely politicisation of the army, especially after more than 150 senior military veterans, including several former service chiefs, wrote a letter to the President expressing their anguish over the ‘politicisation’ of the military. They requested him “to take all necessary steps to urgently direct all political parties that they must forthwith desist from using the military, military uniforms or symbols, and any actions by military formations or personnel, for political purposes or to further their political agendas”. Why military should be kept out of politics? The President is the supreme commander of the armed forces, not the head of any political party or alliance in power, including the Prime Minister. The forces serve the nation and not the government in power. It has no role in government decision making nor interferes with its functioning. It only advices on military matters, for which it is the sole authority. Therefore, any politicization will lead to violation of the very secular environment and the vibrant democracy. Using military activities to shop for votes will lead to political mud-slinging, to the detriment of the honour and sanctity of the special forces. The use of the armed forces as a political tool is just one side of the coin. Even more dangerous is the fact that it sends the signal to the top brass that there is nothing wrong in intermixing politics with the military. The eventual lesson they will learn is that they can interfere in the political process with impunity since the civilian leadership has already legitimised the military’s use in the political realm. Conclusion: In recent years, many senior serving officers have commented on important domestic and international issues, such as immigration and India-Pakistan relations, that until recently had been off limits for the military brass. This is an unprecedented development that needs to be reversed in order to preserve civilian supremacy over the armed forces and keep the political and military arenas distinct. Unlike the neighbouring countries, the Indian Armed Forces have practised the constitutionally mandated “civilian supremacy over the military,” even though the reciprocal dignity of the apolitical existence has not been maintained by the politicos in recent times. Therefore, the nexus between military and politics does not bode well for Indian democracy. Politicisation of the armed forces is a self defeating exercise in a democracy and political parties who attempt it, do so at their own peril. Once the armed forces are politicised they become law unto themselves. Connecting the dots: Changing the apolitical nature of the military forces is a dangerous trend and can have serious repercussions for democracy, the morale of soldiers and the security of the country. Elucidate. Discuss the need for keeping military or armed forces insulated from the effects of religion and politics. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Featured Comments and comments Up-voted by IASbaba are the “correct answers”. IASbaba App users – Team IASbaba will provide correct answers in comment section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1) Which among the following helps to clean up oil spill in open sea or ocean? Chemical dispersants Biodegradation Bioremediation Bacteria Choose the appropriate answer: 1, 2 and 4 1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 1, 2, 3 and 4 Q.2) The term ‘oil zapper’ is concerned with Remediation of oily sludge and oil spills Undersea oil exploration Genetically engineered high biofuel yielding maize variety Technology to control the accidentally caused flames from oil wells Q.3) Consider the following statements: The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench is the deepest known point in Earth's oceans. Deep ocean trenches occur most along subduction zones. Mariana Trench resulted from the Philippine Plate subducting under the Pacific Plate. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 only 1 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.4) Consider the following about Yangtze giant softshell turtles: They are extremely rare species of softshell turtle found only in China. It is listed as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.5) Consider the following statements and indentify the incorrect one – World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7th April, under the sponsorship of the World Health Organization (WHO). 2019 WHD Theme: Universal Health Coverage: : everyone, everywhere UN SDG has set a target that all countries must achieve UHC by 2030. None of the above MUST READ Necessary steps to ending poverty The Hindu From Plate to Plough: Promises to the farmers Indian Express Poll machine and the people Indian Express A self vigilance model for the Indian economy Livemint We need more tourists but not an insurge that overwhelms us Livemint

Apr 15, 2019 PIB

Press Information Bureau (PIB) IAS UPSC – 7th April to 14th April - 2019

Press Information Bureau (PIB) IAS UPSC – 7th April to 14th April - 2019 ARCHIVES GS-1 100th anniversary of one of the goriest episodes in human history and the darkest chapter of the British rule in India, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (Topic: Modern Indian History) On this day, soldiers of the British Indian Army, on the orders of Colonel Reginald Dyer, massacred peaceful and unarmed celebrators, including women and children, on the occasion of the Punjabi New Year (Baisakhi). This massacre is remembered as one of the deadliest attacks on peaceful civilians in the world. 1919 Rowlatt Act The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, popularly known as the Rowlatt Act, was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in Delhi on 10 March 1919. The Act passed by the British Government was intended to give themselves greater power over the people. Rowlatt Act allowed the British to arrest and jail anyone they wished without trial, if they were thought to be plotting against the British. The Viceroy Government also had the power to silence the press. The Rowlatt Act sparked a large amount of anger with the leaders and common people of India. This however did not greatly affect the British as they were still able to keep control over the people. To try and put an end to this, Gandhi and the other leaders called for a Hartal ( a time of fasting and suspension of work) to show the British the Indians’ discontent with their rule. In the Punjab the protest movement was very strong, and two renowned leaders Dr Satya Pal and Dr Saifuddin Kithlew were arrested on 10th April, 1919. In order to protest against the arrest, public had held meeting on 13th April at Jallianwala Bagh in a small park. The meeting was attended by many women and children as well, and is considered to be a peaceful meeting. After the Jallianwala Bagh massacre The perpetrator of the massacre, General Dyer, was honored and rewarded by the British public and this removed all illusions about benign British rule in the country. It also marked the start of a liberation struggle like no other under Mahatma Gandhi. Rabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood in protest against Jallianwala Bagh incident. The insults and sufferings faced by the people of Punjab trickled through the gagged silence, reached every corner of India, and the universal agony of indignation roused in the hearts of people throughout the country. This event caused many moderate Indians to abandon their loyalty to the British and become nationalists distrustful of the British. The massacre stirred nationalist feelings across India and had a profound effect on one of the movement’s leaders, Mohandas Gandhi. After the Amritsar Massacre he became convinced that India should accept nothing less than full independence. To achieve this end, Gandhi began organizing his first campaign of mass civil disobedience against Britain’s oppressive rule. Solve: Jallianwala Bagh’s importance lies in what preceded it and in what followed. Elucidate. Battle of Kangla Tongbi (Topic: Modern World History) The Battle of Kangla Tongbi, considered one of the fiercest battles of World War II, was fought by Ordnance personnel of 221 Advance Ordnance Depot (AOD). Japanese forces had planned a three-pronged offensive to capture Imphal and the surrounding areas. In their attempt to extend their line of communication to Imphal, the 33rd Japanese Division cut in behind the 17th Indian Division at Tiddim (Mynmar) and establishing themselves firmly on the main Kohima – Manipur highway, started advancing towards Kangla Tongbi. Here at Kangla Tongbi, a small but determined detachment of 221 AOD put up stiff resistance against the advancing Japanese forces. The position of 221 AOD was not at all sound from a tactical point of view. It was exposed to the enemy from all sides and had to rely on its own combatant manpower for its defence. Major Boyd, the Deputy Chief of Ordnance Officer (DCOO) was made in charge of the operations for defence of the Depot. A Suicide squad comprising of Major Boyd, Havildar/ Clerk Store Basant Singh, Conductor Panken and other personnel from the Depot was created. On 06 Apr 1944, orders were received to evacuate 4,000 tons of ammunition, armaments and other warlike stores. On the night of 6/7 Apr 1944, the Japanese mounted a heavy attack on the Depot, rushing downhill into a deep nallah which was used as a covered approach to the Depot. A very well camouflaged bunker had been sited by the Depot on this approach. The Bren Gun Section in this bunker having spotted an enemy section within range, opened fire. This shook the enemy and forced the Japanese to withdraw leaving many dead. GS-2 Supreme Court’s order dated 10 April 2019 on 36 Rafale Procurement Case (Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary) The Court has decided to look into the documents (some of which could not have been placed in public domain as Central govt. stated them as classified) also while deciding the Review Petitions. The Review Petitions are pending and are yet to be heard. It is reiterated that the petitioners are using documents with the intention to present a selective and incomplete picture of internal secret deliberations on a matter relating to National Security and Defence. The documents presented by the petitioners are failing to bring out how the issues were addressed and resolved and necessary approvals of the competent authorities taken. These are selective and incomplete presentation of the facts and records by the petitioners. Government had provided the requisite information as desired by the Hon’ble Supreme Court to the Court and also to the petitioners as per directions of the Court and in the manner prescribed by the Court. Government also provided all records and files as required by CAG. The main concern of the Government is relating to availability of sensitive and classified information concerning National Security in the public domain. Ministry of Rural Development presents Recommendations for Fostering Higher Inclusive Growth to the Finance Commission (Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation) Aim: To foster higher inclusive growth, equity, efficiency and transparency Topics in the presentation: The changing structure of rural economy Gram Panchayat led data driven and accountable development approach Governance reforms for better outcomes Other specific proposals for rural development Made a case for additional resources for Rural India on the account of: Higher/New State Share – PMGSY, PMAY (G) Extra Budgetary borrowing – PMAY Gramin Finance Commission transfer Massive rise in loans to SHGs – Rs.81,077 cr. Increasing incomes through livelihood thrust – farm ponds, wells, animal sheds/resources Larger effective transfer due to governance reforms – IT/DBT – Decline in leakages Other specific proposals of Rural Development like maintenance of roads, transfer of certain schemes, and Human Resource Reforms Made a case of Government’s Reforms and conversant Growth Panchayat Development: Governance Reform and Convergent Gram Panchayat Development Plans as necessary pre-condition for fund transfers Capacity building of Panchayats (along with women SHGs), use of technology, data driven financial management reforms, and geo-tagging as necessary conditions Comprehensive HR as part of recommendations Earmarking for road maintenance Transferring DRDSs to States Prelims oriented Notes President of the Republic of Maldives: His Excellency Mr. Ibrahim Mohamed Solih BOLD KURUKSHETRA: The 12th edition of joint military exercise between India and Singapore ECI Advisory to media – Refrain from telecasting/publishing programmes w.r.t prediction of results in any form during the prohibited period ECI invokes powers under Article 324: To prohibit display/exhibit any biopic/publicity material during Model Code of Conduct period (including cinematograph of any biopic or publicity material in the nature of biography/hagiography sub-serving the purposes of any political entity or any individual entity connected to it.) World Homoeopathy Day: 8th April; The World Homoeopathy Day is observed to commemorate the birth anniversary of the founder of Homoeopathy, Dr. Christian Fredrich Samuel Hahnemann. Also known as the Father of Homeopathy Father of Human Pharmacology Father of Nano Medicine Father of Infinite Dilution concept in Chemistry Homeopathy is a medical system based on the belief that the body can cure itself. Those who practice it use tiny amounts of natural substances, like plants and minerals. They believe these stimulate the healing process. It’s an alternative medicinal practice that uses the smallest possible amount of an active ingredient in order to help treat or cure a disease, even if this same ingredient can contribute to an illness in the first place. Another way to put this concept: “like cures like”! This practice helps stimulate the immune system and the body’s natural ability to heal – that which a substance is capable of causing, it is also capable of curing. Personality in News: Dr B.R. Ambedkar 14th April: His Birthday celebrated as Ambedkar Jayanti Known as the Chief Architect of the Constitution of India Dr. Ambedkar was an outstanding leader of our freedom struggle and a staunch crusader for the rights of the downtrodden and traditionally disadvantaged sections of our society. A scholar, educationist, legal luminary, social reformer and political leader, Dr. Ambedkar’s philosophy and life are an inspirational profile of courage and conviction. Dr. Ambedkar envisioned a society where the weaker sections, the historically deprived, peasants, labourers, and especially women, get equal rights and respect. He was an ardent advocate of resolving all issues through democratic, peaceful, non-violent and harmonious means. The path shown by him strengthens the spirit of fraternity, compassion and equity. Mahaparinirvan Diwas: Death Anniversary of Ambedkar Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against social discrimination towards the untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the rights of women and labour. He was independent India’s first law and justice minister, the principal architect of the Constitution of India, and a founding father of the Republic of India. His autobiography: Waiting for a Visa His books: Annihilation of Caste – It strongly criticised Hindu orthodox religious leaders and the caste system in general, and included “a rebuke of Gandhi” on the subject. Who Were the Shudras? – Ambedkar tried to explain the formation of untouchables. He saw Shudras and Ati Shudras who form the lowest caste in the ritual hierarchy of the caste system, as separate from Untouchables. Ambedkar and Untouchability While practising law in the Bombay High Court, he tried to promote education to untouchables and uplift them. His first organised attempt was his establishment of the central institution Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha, intended to promote education and socio-economic improvement, as well as the welfare of “outcastes”, at the time referred to as depressed classes. For the defence of Dalit rights, he started five periodicals – Mooknayak (the leader of the dumb, 1920) Bahishkrit Bharat (Ostracized India, 1924) Samta (Equality, 1928) Janata (The People, 1930) Prabuddha Bharat (Enlightened India, 1956) Manusmriti Dahan Din: In a conference in late 1927, Ambedkar publicly condemned the classic Hindu text, the Manusmriti (Laws of Manu), for ideologically justifying caste discrimination and “untouchability”, and he ceremonially burned copies of the ancient text. On 25 December 1927, he led thousands of followers to burn copies of Manusmrti. Thus, annually 25 December is celebrated as Manusmriti Dahan Din (Manusmriti Burning Day) by Ambedkarites and Dalits. Kalaram Temple movement: About 15,000 volunteers assembled at Kalaram Temple satygraha making one of the greatest processions of Nashik. The procession was headed by a military band, a batch of scouts, women and men walked in discipline, order and determination to see the god for the first time. When they reached to gate, the gates were closed by Brahmin authorities. Poona Pact: In 1932, British announced the formation of a separate electorate for “Depressed Classes” in the Communal Award. Gandhi fiercely opposed a separate electorate for untouchables, saying he feared that such an arrangement would divide the Hindu community. Gandhi protested by fasting while imprisoned in the Yerwada Central Jail of Poona. Following the fast, Congress politicians and activists such as Madan Mohan Malaviya and Palwankar Baloo organised joint meetings with Ambedkar and his supporters at Yerwada. On 25 September 1932, the agreement known as Poona Pact was signed between Ambedkar (on behalf of the depressed classes among Hindus) and Madan Mohan Malaviya (on behalf of the other Hindus). The agreement gave reserved seats for the depressed classes in the Provisional legislatures, within the general electorate. Due to the pact, the depressed class received 148 seats in the legislature, instead of the 71 as allocated in the Communal Award earlier proposed by British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald. The text uses the term “Depressed Classes” to denote Untouchables among Hindus who were later called Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes under India Act 1935, and the later Indian Constitution of 1950. In the Poona Pact, a unified electorate was in principle formed, but primary and secondary elections allowed Untouchables in practice to choose their own candidates. Solve: “In our country, democracy is not a natural sentiment that people are born with. It is an idea that has to be cultivated in an essentially unequal society.” This statement by Dr. B R Ambedkar resonates as much with the India of present as it did with India of 70 years back. Critically comment. Quotes The Vice President of India, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu On Voting Vote is a pious responsibility and everyone should exercise it to improve quality of the polity, strengthen democracy and build glorious future for individuals and nation. One should not let the moment pass: Pause and ponder, assess and act. It is a moment that gives you the right to “assess and assert”, as Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyayji had said. Citizens should exercise this precious right to make their opinion count and elect the representatives who have the 4 positive characteristics or 4Cs: character, calibre, competence and conduct they wish to see in these public representatives. Citizens must discard those candidates whose claim to fame is only based on what I call the negative 4Cs – Cash, Caste, Community and Criminality. India can legitimately be proud of the fact that it adopted universal adult suffrage right from the founding of the Republic in 1950. As Shri Alladi Krishnaswamy Ayyar, Member of the Constituent Assembly said, “More than any other provision in the Constitution, I should think the boldest step taken by this Assembly is in the matter of universal adult suffrage with a belief in the common man and his power to shape the future of the country”. That is the faith our Constitution makers reposed in each one of us. It is that trust in the wisdom of the people and their ability to shape the future of our country that drives our electoral processes. We, the people, have an opportunity to realize that dream. We have to exercise the right to vote, the right to choose and the right to shape the quality of our polity. On financial inclusion and inclusive development Time has come for a systemic reform of the Indian banking sector (in light of mounting Non-Performing Assets (NPAs)) Banks must maintain strict discipline in lending and must never compromise on due diligence We must spare no effort in bringing financial fugitives to speedy and exemplary justice Banks must also at all times adhere strictly to the principles of business ethics and good corporate governance. ‘Ethical considerations should form an important part of risk-taking activities. The welfare of customers and other stakeholders in good times and bad should be a major concern in any business proposition’, the Vice President said quoting Mahatma Gandhi who said that “Commerce without morality” was one of the seven deadly sins. Banks are no longer just about strong lockers and a good interest rate on deposits. They have transcended their conventional mandates and are now at the forefront of India's development story Banks can make use of technology and data analytics to identify the early warning signals of loan defaulting and evolve robust mechanisms to identify the hidden NPAs. Banks must focus on nurturing internal skills for credit assessment and undertake forensic audits to understand the intent of the borrower. India must enter into more treaties for exchange of information and intelligence on financial fraud and bank accounts and work with international agencies in bringing defaulters to justice.

Apr 15, 2019 Important Articles

Integrated Learning Programme (ILP) OFFLINE -2020 Offline Classroom Programme- ADMISSION OPEN

We are happy to announce the commencement of admissions for IASbaba’s Offline Classroom Programme 2020- the Integrated Learning Programme (ILP) Offline for CSE 2020. ILP (Offline) is a comprehensive classroom programme designed to meet all your preparation needs starting from prelims, through mains till interview in an integrated manner! In a first 6 OFFLINE (ILP , C2C) students including our first offline student – SUTHAR RAJ RAMESHCHANDRA (he was the first student to register). Working as a full-time scientist at ISRO and clearing UPSC is no small feat. He was our offline weekend batch student. At IASbaba we have a single guideline before starting any initiative “Can we at IASbaba, do the best in comparison to any existing system, can we redefine the way things are delivered” Yes, if we are doing a classroom programme, then we would want it to be the best! Most structured and at the same time the one which can bring any ordinary person to UPSC standards in the shortest time. This was the motto with which we started our classes 3 years back. And you can see where IASbaba is today! Every Online and Offline programme of IASBaba is meticulously designed to suit the requirements of UPSC. Why is the 60 Day Programme so famous and most trusted? The answer is its QUALITY and its relevance to UPSC Questions and standard. Integrated Learning Programme (ILP) ONLINE– Today it is the number 1 Online Programme that provides the best guidance for not only Prelims but Mains as well. Quality and affordability are it’s USP. Our Classroom programme, which is the best programme in terms of quality and the largest offline programme in Bangalore is known for imparting individual attention to students. This is the most structured offline classes- starting from classes on day 1 to answer writing in month 3. Further, testimony to the above has been 60 Day Program, TLP program ILP Program which has now become the biggest online environment for UPSC learning. 200+ selections in the span of just three years (2016, 2017, 2018) including Ranks 4, 5, 6 and 9 in TOP 10. Our Hit Ratio in Mains and Prelims- 2017, which is close to 85 % and 70% respectively – How IASbaba was helpful in Mains 2017 and 68+in UPSC Civil Services Prelims 2017-How IASbaba Helped One to Get MAINS Call! Our Hit Ratio in Mains and Prelims- 2018, How IASbaba was helpful in Mains 2018 and 60+ in UPSC Prelims 2018 82+ UPSC CSE 2018 TOPPER’S from IASbaba What makes ILP (Offline) so special? Well! The answer to this question are many. But before we answer that question, let us tell you something about the values we believe in. Quality of guidance, sincerity in efforts and innovation in pedagogy are our core values. We strive hard to integrate these values in our packet of offerings to the student community, something that is clearly visible in our initiatives like ILP, AIPTS, C2C, TLP, DNA and so on. As a result of the success of these flagship initiatives, we started getting requests from many aspirants to move into the offline domain with similar quality, sincerity and innovation. In our effort to meet these demands, we came up with the offline classroom programme. The last three years of this programme have attracted students from different parts of the country (from 22 States) and the number of enrolments have been increasing year by year. This program is meant for those who have completed 0% of syllabus yet determined to succeed in the first attempt itself. Our flagship program ILP OFFLINE is designed to help freshers learn from first principles and build strong basics. This approach helped our students solve several confusing/ambiguous questions of Prelims 2017, 2018. We believe in smart work. Our classes and materials guide aspirants to get the best results with minimal time and effort. Regarding the quality and importance of the ILP- OFFLINE CLASSROOM 2019 programme, you can hear it from the students themselves. Features of IASbaba’s Offline Classes: Integration of Online Programme with Offline Classes – Offline Classes will be complemented by ILP online program which would contain Babapedia (Current Affairs), Value Added Notes (VAN), Test Series. Duration of the programme will be 15 months. The classes will be conducted keeping all the 3 Stages of the examination (Prelims, Mains, Interview) in mind. All GS papers will be covered before Prelims. Prelims (GS + CSAT) and Mains Tests are incorporated in the programme. The tests will be designed keeping a fresher’s preparation in mind. Accordingly, there will be a gradual increase in the difficulty level of the test. In tune with the demand of UPSC, there will be weekly Current Affairs Classes/Discussions and Test. We have the best mentors for the programme who will guide you throughout with the best possible support. Library Facility with WIFI and AC. This is where you get to interact with veterans many of them who are rank holders and accelerate your preparation. (It will be separately charged) High Calibre Faculty: IAS rank holders, IIT, IIM and RV College alumni who are extremely talented, experienced, dynamic, friendly and accessible who will be providing vastly superior inputs. Unique Pedagogy: End to end integrated preparation with tests, discussions and quizzes modelled in the programme. Module wise completion of syllabus: Highly focussed and minute module planning with an aim to prepare your syllabus in an integrated manner by the end of January 2020. Weekday and weekend batches: Freshers, experienced candidates and working professionals alike can take advantage from the options of weekend and weekend batches. Online support: IASbaba is the only institute to sync offline and online programmes in the most systematic manner. Series of Interactive Lectures: Eminent personalities from various fields and previous year toppers invited to take value add sessions on important issues to enrich your preparation. Extracurricular activities: Throughout the year to make the classroom a vibrant and energetic place. Eligibility criterion to Join Offline Classes We do not have “X” criterion of the syllabus that needs to be completed and ‘X’ books to be read to join our programme. An aspirant with Basic English and Aptitude is all we are looking forward to. A FRESHER who has the passion, zeal and perseverance to clear the exam in his/her 1st attempt, one who is honest and dedicated to put in that extra effort can join our Offline Programme. There are many students who are in their final year of graduation who joined the weekend batch and are ready to ace. We believe in the practical transformation of an individual who has no skill and want to assist/impart the required skill in the process. If you have sorted all your queries, you can directly register/pay through the payment link GIVEN below PAYMENT LINK If any queries, you can visit our office/call on given numbers and also fill the registration form and wait for our call. REGISTRATION FORM How our Offline Classes differs from others? Since we invite Freshers, the programme starts with strategy classes to make you understand the process of UPSC The first few classes will enable you with the proper understanding of Prelims and Mains. We are not selective in the selection of students to boast about the results later. Rather, we want to be part of the real transformation of a person from ‘Nil-UPSC’ to ‘Nail-UPSC’. The cohort group of students encompass a variety of backgrounds and experience to share with. Few of them are experienced/veterans, have joined the programme keeping aside their ego and ready to learn with a fresher as a fresher to get their basics right. Such a group of students act as a catalyst for others to be competitive ILP 2020 will be integrated with Offline classes. Subjects will be covered through short modules followed by regular tests in the end. This will provide double exercise and benefit to offline students, one through conceptual learning in class and the other through the online setup. There will be regular tests for Prelims and Mains both as per the plan. By the end of this programme: You will understand the importance and meaning of smart work. How to analyse an issue and present your answer in line with the demand of the question Write UPSC level answers in a mere 3 months into the course. Take a stand on diversified opinion & issues which will help you in your Interview In short, you will come to know, on what it takes to be in the coveted list of successful candidates! There is no wishful thinking or claims of ranks in future. We believe that the right work in the right direction will definitely be rewarded. This year’s (2018) result, stands testimony with over 82+ Ranks. We welcome you to come to Bengaluru, talk to our students about the classes and get their feedback before joining. You can also visit different institutes, compare the programs offered, material provided and make an informed choice. With each passing year, we are improving and innovating to meet or rather surpass the expectations of UPSC. We are committed to the extent that we are ready to put in double your efforts to make you succeed in the civil services examination. The classes shall start in the first week of July only at our Bengaluru centre. Just like the previous year, we are limiting the intake this time also in order to maintain the quality that we have always strived for. The admissions for the limited seats are already open and you can visit any of the following centres for admissions or related enquiries: Vijayanagar Centre: 1737/ 37, MRCR Layout, Vijayanagar Service Road, Vijaynagar, Bengaluru-5660040 Chandra Layout Centre: No. 1443/1444, Above Carzspa, 80 Ft. Main Road, Ganapathi Circle, Chandra Layout, Bengaluru- 560040 You can also reach us on offline@iasbaba.com and 9035077800/7353177800. Office Timings: 10 am - 6 pm So what are you waiting for? Come and take the big step with the institution that redefined IAS preparation! IASbaba All the best!

Apr 15, 2019 60 Days Plan 2019 - Daily Prelims Test

60 Days Plan: UPSC IAS Prelims 2019- Polity and Current Affairs (Day 37)

60 Days Plan: UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 - Polity and Current Affairs (Day 37) 60 Day plan has been published on the website (www.iasbaba.com - Click here). Since we have come up with the 'Quiz Format', it will not be feasible to publish it on the app. For feasibility and getting to know where you stand among your peers (we have a leaderboard which gives your marks and rank) it would be advisable to take the test on the website. All the best. make the best use of the initiative ! Before taking the Test, read the post below, ARCHIVES Hello Friends, The most beloved 60 Days for UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 has finally begun :) Once again the time has come for the battle (Prelims). And who else than your best companion in the last preparatory phase for UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 i.e 60 days plan. It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop. Hope the message given above makes sense to you all. The productive utilization of this programme demands consistency, honesty, faith and strong determination to be in the process of learning and unlearning. You might not be fully prepared to solve all the questions but the learning and unlearning through these questions will prepare you for the real battle on 2nd June 2019. You have to unlearn your repetitive mistakes, gut feeling on which you mark doubtful questions. You have to learn new things and also those concepts that you were very sure of but somehow because of traps in the option, got it wrong. You have to learn 'how to convert knowledge into marks' (Because most of the times, after ending the exam, you regret making mistakes in known concepts). Secondly, keep a long distance from following too many things at this point. It will always backfire. Once you are here, put complete faith and follow this initiative along with whatever you were doing. It is very important to consolidate your preparation with many revisions. Simply following many things will leave you in despair. You can cross check this with veterans. Everything that seems attractive is not productive. You should always go for productivity. Be wise! Let us pledge to make it a big game changer (better than last year) in the next 60 days of this plan! Importance of Self - Tracking: Learning from Last Year Last year, aspirants used to type/post their answers in the comment box on a daily basis. There were huge participation and discussion below the test post. Putting answers in the comment box has been very effective to self-track yourself after updating the score. In the end, you can cross check your performance through Disqus profile. It was highly effective in the last edition of 60 Days that propelled aspirants to monitor their performance and learn through discussion. Let you solve these questions with full honesty and write your result in the comment box. Interact with peers to know your mistakes. The importance of this initiative stands time-bound and aggressive reverse engineering to learn the concepts. Many of you must be busy with your own strategy but let us tell you honestly that in the last few months, it is very important to revise and consolidate your learning. Just reading won’t suffice. So, take out a few hours from your schedule and make it a revision exercise. How can you make the best use of it? Be honest to your effort and do not start competing with XYZ aspirants just for the sake of marks. It is more important for you to introspect and check your learning than focusing on others. Try to answer the questions in 25 minutes only. Do not get into negative feeling that I don’t have enough knowledge to answer these questions. Feel like you are taking the real exam. What would be your response then? The same will be replicated in the UPSC exam. Here, you get marks only and nothing else matters. So, make effort to know the answers to all questions. Do not cheat :P DETAILED MICRO ANALYSIS MATRIX SAMPLE- is given here. You can download this and do an assessment for yourself (the excel sheet must be modified as per this years planning. The provided excel sheet is only for reference). DOWNLOAD You can copy paste the same format/modify as per your need in Google Spreadsheet and update it on daily basis. Feedback talks about daily test results. Follow-up talks about daily target achieved from sources and the number of revisions to do/done and dates. Sources column is to ensure that aspirants do not run behind various sources and follow the same throughout. Would like to end on this quote: Either you run the day or the day runs you. Are you ready? Let's start! Important Note Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test

Apr 14, 2019 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 13th April 2019

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 13th April 2019 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Manufacturing crashes to a 20-month low Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Indian Economy and issues related to it; Growth and Development In news: Industrial growth slowed in February to 0.1% owing to an across-the-board slowdown, while consumer inflation quickened in March. Growth in the Index of Industrial Production slowed in February. Within the Index, mining and quarrying saw growth slowing. Manufacturing saw a contraction of 0.31% in February from a 1.05% growth in January. Election Commission bans release of biopics Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Indian Polity and Governance In news: Election Commission banned the release of the biopic (a film on PM Narendra Modi) EC ruled that any poster or publicity material concerning any such certified content, which either depicts a candidate for the furtherance of electoral prospect, directly or indirectly, shall not be put to display in print media, without the prescribed instructions of pre-certification in the area where model code of conduct (MCC) is in operation. Do you know? Any cinematograph material, certified by the appropriate authority, if there exists such a violation or on receipt of complains in this regard, shall be examined by a committee duly constituted by the commission, which will then suggest appropriate action. The committee would be headed by a retired Justice of the Supreme Court or retired Chief Justice of any High Court. What the constitution says? Under Article 324 of the constitution, superintendence, directions and control of elections are bestowed upon the commission and it is its main duty to take necessary measures to create a level playing field and provide a conducive electoral environment to all the stakeholders. According to the commission, Political contents such as biopic pose a serious threat to the level playing field, as they may create an impression of the truthfulness of such content being shown through television, cinema, internet-based entertainment programmes or the social media. Plea to remove dual control of Assam Rifles Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II and III – Governance issues; Defence or Security issues In news: The Delhi High Court has sought response from Cabinet Secretary, Government of India, on a petition seeking directions to bring the Assam Rifles out of the dual control of the Union Home Ministry and the Defence Ministry (MoD). Do you know? The Assam Rifles (AR) is a Central Para Military Force (CPMF) along with two other forces — Special Frontier Force and Coast Guard. However, only the Assam Rifles functions under the administrative control of the Union Home Ministry. ‘Display information on 7 common antibiotics’ Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Issues related to health; Social/Welfare issue In news: Pic: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/2tuxdh/article26823574.ece/ALTERNATES/FREE_960/Drug The Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) has asked manufacturers of several common antibiotics to place safety warning on above listed drugs, after reports of adverse drug reactions. The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) that collects and evaluates reports of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) has reported that people using common antibiotic Ofloxacin are at greater risk of developing Stevens-Johnson Syndrome. The PvPI has therefore suggested India’s drug regulatory body Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) to take necessary steps to incorporate the adverse drug reactions in the prescribing leaflet of these drugs marketed in the country. Do you know? Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is a rare and fatal disorder of skin and another potentially life-threatening dermatologic disorder called toxic epidermal necrolysis. India earlier depended on foreign agencies to learn about adverse drug reactions. The PvPI programme was started in 2010 to make a robust mechanism for patient safety. The PvPI programme is run by the government with the objective of ensuring the consumers and doctors know about the adverse drug reaction well on time. The information of adverse drug reactions on drugs is important given the India faces a problem of misuse of antibiotics. About Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO): It is the national regulatory body for Indian pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Within the CDSCO, the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) regulates pharmaceutical and medical devices, under the gamut of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. The DCGI is advised by the Drug Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) and the Drug Consultative Committee (DCC). It is divided into zonal offices which do pre-licensing and post-licensing inspections, post-market surveillance, and recalls when needed. PM Modi to get Russia’s highest civilian award In news: Russia announced that President Vladimir Putin will confer its highest civilian award, the ‘Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First’, on Prime Minister Narendra Modi for his work on bilateral ties. The order was presented to the Prime Minister of India for his distinguished contribution to the development of a privileged strategic partnership between Russia and India and friendly ties between the Russian and Indian peoples. (MAINS FOCUS) SOCIAL/WELFARE ISSUE TOPIC: General studies 1 and 2 Population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources; poverty and hunger Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes Necessary Steps to End Poverty Context: India is uniquely placed to drive global poverty reduction. It is home to the largest number of poor people in the world, as well as the largest number of people who have recently escaped poverty. Despite there had been a focus on poverty since 50 years ago, we are unable to eradicate it. This is because the approach of public policy to the problem has been to initiate schemes which could serve as no more than a palliative, as suggested by the very term 'poverty alleviation’ commonly used in the discourse of this time. These schemes failed to go to the root of poverty, which is capability deprivation that leaves an individual unable to earn sufficient income through work or entrepreneurship. Income poverty is a manifestation of the deprivation, and focusing exclusively on the income shortfall schemes guaranteeing income to the poor through budgetary transfers, such as Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi, or Nyuntam Aay Yojana, can address only the symptom. Concerns: There are some concerns with existing programmes: Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-Kisan): It promised to pay farm households below a threshold Rs. 6,000 a year. An income-support scheme for any one section of the population is grossly inequitable. Agricultural labourers and urban pavement dwellers are as equally deserving of support as poor farmers. While it is the case that at present agricultural subsidies go to farmers alone, these are intended as production subsidies and so channeled due to the criticality of food production to all. On the other hand, a welfare programme cannot, ethically speaking, exclude those equally placed. Nyuntam Aay Yoiana (NYAY): It envisages an annual transfer 12 times greater to the poorest 20% households. While this scheme is not discriminatory, it is severely challenged by the issue of beneficiary identification in real time. And moreover at 13% of Budget outlay, NYAY would amount to more than twice the combined expenditure on health and education and more than capital expenditure in the same budget, they being the items of public expenditure that most impact poverty in the long run. There is an opportunity cost to be acknowledged of an income-support scheme of this magnitude being implemented while there exists a severe deficit of social and physical infrastructure in the country. The way ahead: Poverty Eradication Poverty should be seen as capability deprivation. Health, education and physical infrastructure are central to the capabilities of individuals, and the extents of their presence in a society determine whether the poor will remain so or exit in poverty permanently. The scale at which these inputs would be required to endow all Indians with the requisite capabilities makes it more than likely that we would have to rely on public provision. Focus should be on UBS than UBI In light of a pitch that has been made for the implementation in India of a publicly-funded universal basic income (UBI) scheme, we can say that from the perspective of eliminating poverty, universal basic services (UBS) from public sources are needed, though not necessarily financed through the budget. There is indirect evidence that the provision of health, education and public services matters more for poverty than the Central government's poverty alleviation schemes in place for almost half a century. For example: Per capita income levels and poverty vary across India's States. A discernible pattern is that the southern and western regions of India have lower poverty than the northern, central and eastern ones. This, very likely, is related to higher human development attainment in the former. This indicator is based on the health and education status of a population apart from per capita income, bringing us back to the relevance of income generation to poverty. As the Central government is common across regions, differences in the human development index must arise from policies implemented at the State level. This further implies that a nationwide income support scheme that channels funds from a common pool to households in the poorer States would be tantamount to rewarding lower effort by their governments. Conclusion: The original case for a UBI came from European economists. Europe is perhaps saturated with publicly provided UBS. This is not the case in India, where the task of creating the wherewithal for providing public services has not even been seriously initiated. There is a crucial role for services, of both producer and consumer variety, in eliminating the capability deprivation that is poverty. As these services cannot always be purchased in the market, income support alone cannot be sufficient to eliminate poverty. It is in recognition of the role of services in enabling people to lead a productive and dignified life that the idea of multi-dimensionality has taken hold in the thinking on poverty globally. There are no short cuts to ending poverty, but ending it soon is not insurmountable either. Connecting the dots: In terms of poverty eradication, what are the challenges faced by India? Elucidate Poverty is a disease which engulfs prosperity if not diagnosed and treated properly. Explain. NATIONAL/GOVERNANCE TOPIC: General studies 2 and 3 Important aspects of governance Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions. Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Issues related to Internal Security Udhampur-Baramulla highway ban and its impacts Context: Recently the Jammu & Kashmir Home Department issued the ban on civilian traffic for two days a week on the 271-km stretch of National Highway 44 between Udhampur in Jammu and Baramulla in Kashmir, which came into force on April 7. The ban, which is to last till May 31, is supposedly to enable the orderly conduct of the Lok Sabha elections in Jammu and Kashmir, in the light of the tragic February 14 suicide attack on a CRPF convoy on NH 44 at Pulwama, that killed 40 personnel. On Sundays and Wednesdays, between 4 a.m. and 5 p.m., only pre-determined categories of civilian traffic will be allowed on the highway with clearance from the authorities. For the rest of the time, the highway will be given over to the movement of troops. As a measure to prevent another Pulwama-type attack. However the ban is draconian in nature and ill advised. Why the ban is draconian in nature and ill advised? 1. Because of the criticality of the Highway: NH 44 is the lifeline of the State, it is vital to move goods (including perishable agricultural produce), and along it lie many educational and medical institutions. The national highway is not just the only road link that connects Kashmir to the outside world but also the key highway that connects Srinagar with the southern and northern districts of the Valley. Therefore a ban means a virtual lockdown of the Valley for two days every week. In many cases, avoiding the stretch would greatly multiply the time and distance between two points. 2. Aganist the principle of Good Governance and Rights of Citizens: Though, the government is at pains to emphasise that exceptions are in place for those in medical emergencies, lawyers, doctors, tourists, government employees, students, and so on. But such a system of permits and bans militates against the freedom of movement at the heart of a democratic society. To be sure, even before the ban, civilian traffic has not moved on the highway unfettered by checks. Such is the security challenge in J&K.; But to officially segregate civilian traffic is to put people’s lives at the mercy of a calendar, and to invite confusion about the organising principles of Indian troop deployment. The restrictions violate Articles 14, 19 and 21 of the Constitution. 3. Will further alienate Kashmiris: The ban also positions the administration against the people, as has become clear from the political and legal challenges to the traffic restrictions. In a State that is already under President’s Rule, it has pushed the political class and the administration farther apart. Overall it further increased the feeling of alienation of Kashmiris with the mainstream India. Way Ahead: It is important to double up security protocol while achieving Good Governance. The Pulwama attack was a wake-up call about the security drills in place to prevent terrorist strikes. It demanded an appraisal, so that the lives of soldiers and civilians alike can be secured. However, to throw civilians out of gear — as they were on the first day of the highway ban, on April 7 — defies logic. The effect of any response to the Pulwama attack ought not to be an increased alienation that places troops and local people in an us-versus-them timetable. It must, instead, be a doubling up of the security protocol to make life more secure and hassle-free for civilians and soldiers alike. MUST READ Message from the martyrs of Jallianwala Bagh The Hindu A grim future in Israel The Hindu Bonds and binds Indian Express Aligned interests and a big stick Indian Express Is India’s unemployment really at a 45-year high? Here’s what data reveals Financial Express India badly needs FDI to boost economic growth Financial Express Why black hole pic is epochal in the history of science? Financial Express

Apr 14, 2019 Motivational Articles

Creative Guidance – Stress & Creativity – Inspirational Educative Articles

Stress & Creativity: What is the connection between stress and creativity? Let us first understand what exactly stress is. Stress is a fight or flight response of the mind triggered because of fear. The fear can be real or perceived. When the mind is gripped by fear, it can race faster than normal; making it extremely difficult to stay focused and relaxed. In a way, stress is the absolute destroyer of our sanity. When at manageable levels, stress mostly goes unnoticed. This is mainly due to the busy nature of our lifestyle. Stress even at moderate levels can affect our performance and state of mind. Since we are constantly running around, we simply forget to notice the moderate effects of stress. This is a much bigger problem than we would like to accept. Thorough out the day and even during the nights our mind is constantly in stress. Our mind is constantly chasing something or trying to run away from something. This constant running and chasing creates stress. Over many years of this constant running, stress builds to eventually become a chronic problem sapping our vital energy and creativity. Let us wind our minds back to our childhood. Let us answer one question very sincerely. Are we more creative now or were we more creative when we were children? Of course we were more creative during our growing up years. The sheer amount of learning that has happened in our early years of life is a proof of this. We have solved more problems during the first 5 years of our lives than in the last 25 years combined. The reason for our constantly decreasing energy levels, enthusiasm and creativity is the underlying constant stress that has become an integral part of our lives. Stress has become such an integral part of our lives that it now takes considerable effort for us to recognize its adverse effects on our mind and body. Stress has become so much a part of us that we have accepted it as our reality. Complacency towards constant stress has made it immune and strong. It is becoming more and more difficult to identify and deal with stress. Creativity is a natural state of the mind. When the mind is not in fear, it wants to solve problems; it wants to use its energies to positively express itself in many ways. A stress free mind is a creative mind. Creativity is not a domain of life. It is an essential and integral quality of our being. We are a part of the creative force of existence. Not only we are a part of the creative expression of existence, the existence is also a part of our creative expression. Fear can completely drown this creative force by not allowing us rest and relax. How can we be creative when we are constantly running around? When the mind is racing faster than normal, it is impossible for it to be creative. Since stress causes the mind to race faster, it is the biggest enemy of creativity. “This article is a part of the creative endeavor of Inner-Revolution and IASBABA.”

Apr 13, 2019 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 12th April 2019

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 12th April 2019 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Solar e-waste Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Environment and Ecology; Pollution In news: According to a study, By 2050, India will likely stare at a pile of a new category of electronic waste, namely solar e-waste. Currently, India’s e-waste rules have no laws mandating solar cell manufacturers to recycle or dispose waste from this sector. India’s PV (photovoltaic) waste volume is estimated to grow to 200,000 tonnes by 2030 and around 1.8 million tonnes by 2050. There is need for clarity on solar waste management in India. Pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2019/04/12/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_07/64aaef31_2865131_101_mr.jpg Do you know? India is among the leading markets for solar cells in the world. The current government has commitment to install 100 GW of solar power by 2022. So far, India has installed solar cells for about 28 GW and this is largely from imported solar PV cells. Despite the e-waste regulation being in place for over seven years, only less than 4% of estimated e-waste is recycled in the organised sector as per the latest estimates from the Central Pollution Control Board. Jawahar Lal Nehru National Solar Mission India’s solar power capacity target under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) has been increased to 1,00,000 MW or 100 GW by 2022. The target will principally comprise of 40 GW Rooftop and 60 GW through Large and Medium Scale Grid Connected Solar Power Projects. With this ambitious target, India will become one of the largest Green Energy producers in the world, surpassing several developed countries. The total investment in setting up 100 GW will be around Rs. 6,00,000 cr. What are solar cells made of? Solar cell modules are made by processing sand to make silicon, casting silicon ingots, using wafers to create cells and then assembling them to make modules. India’s domestic manufacturers are largely involved in assembling cells and modules. These modules are 80% glass and aluminium, and non-hazardous. Other materials used, including polymers, metals, metallic compounds and alloys, and are classified as potentially hazardous. Major concern: India is poorly positioned to handle PV waste as it doesn’t yet have policy guidelines on the same…a lack of a policy framework is coupled with the fact that even basic recycling facilities for laminated glass and e-waste are unavailable. Supreme Court to deliver verdict on anonymous electoral bonds Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Electoral Bonds; Governance issues; Accountability and Transparency related issues In news: SC to pronounce its verdict on the legality of the electoral bonds scheme. The apex court had said that if the identity of the purchasers of electoral bonds meant for transparent political funding is not known, then the efforts of the government to curtail black money in elections would be "futile". About Scheme of Electoral Bonds Electoral Bond would be a bearer instrument in the nature of a Promissory Note and an interest free banking instrument. A citizen of India or a body incorporated in India will be eligible to purchase the bond. Electoral Bond (s) would be issued/purchased for any value, in multiples of Rs.1,000, Rs.10,000, Rs.1,00,000, Rs.10,00,000 and Rs.1,00,00,000 from the Specified Branches of the State Bank of India (SBI). It will not carry the name of payee. Electoral Bonds would have a life of only 15 days during which it can be used for making donation only to the political parties registered under section 29A of the Representation of the Peoples Act, 1951 Parties which secured not less than one per cent of the votes polled in the last general election to the House of the People or a Legislative Assembly. The Electoral Bonds under the Scheme shall be available for purchase for a period of 10 days each in the months of January, April, July and October, as may be specified by the Central Government. An additional period of 30 days shall be specified by the Central Government in the year of the General election to the House of People. The Electoral Bond(s) shall be encashed by an eligible political party only through a designated bank account with the authorised bank. Miscellaneous 1. Sudan President Bashir ousted by armed forces Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – International Affairs In news: President Omar al-Bashir, who ruled Sudan for 30 years, was overthrown and arrested by the armed forces. Sudan Defence Minister declared state of emergency, saying country will be under military rule for 2 years. 2. Person in news: WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange Why in news? WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange was arrested in London, after Ecuador abruptly revoked his seven-year asylum. He is wanted for his involvement in one of the biggest-ever leaks of classified information. (MAINS FOCUS) HISTORY TOPIC: General studies 1 Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues The Freedom Struggle - its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country History of the world Reflections on a massacre Context: The Year 2019 marks the Centenary of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (100 years), also known as the Amritsar Massacre that occurred on April 13, 1919. On this day, soldiers of the British Indian Army, on the orders of Colonel Reginald Dyer, massacred peaceful and unarmed celebrators, including women and children, on the occasion of the Punjabi New Year (Baisakhi). This massacre is remembered as one of the deadliest attacks on peaceful civilians in the world. Examples of other such massacre or killings (on same lines of Jallianwala Bagh): 1942 Lidice massacre – In World War II, in Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia, the Lidice massacre was a complete destruction of the village of Lidice, now in the Czech Republic. Orders were passed from Adolf Hitler and Heinrich Himmler. 1968 My Lai massacre – The My Lai massacre was one of the most horrific incidents of violence committed against unarmed civilians during the Vietnam War. Many unarmed people were killed by the U.S. Army soldiers. Do you know? When we compare the number of people who were killed, massacre at Jallianwala Bagh was relatively small. It was nothing compared to the hundreds of thousands killed by the Japanese army in Nanjing in 1937-38 or by Indonesian soldiers in East Timor 1975 onward. But Jallianwala Bagh’s importance lies not in the numbers killed but in what preceded it and in what followed. 1919 Rowlatt Act The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, popularly known as the Rowlatt Act, was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in Delhi on 10 March 1919. The Act passed by the British Government was intended to give themselves greater power over the people. Rowlatt Act allowed the British to arrest and jail anyone they wished without trial, if they were thought to be plotting against the British. The Viceroy Government also had the power to silence the press. The Rowlatt Act sparked a large amount of anger with the leaders and common people of India. This however did not greatly affect the British as they were still able to keep control over the people. To try and put an end to this, Gandhi and the other leaders called for a Hartal ( a time of fasting and suspension of work) to show the British the Indians’ discontent with their rule. In the Punjab the protest movement was very strong, and two renowned leaders Dr Satya Pal and Dr Saifuddin Kithlew were arrested on 10th April, 1919. In order to protest against the arrest, public had held meeting on 13th April at Jallianwala Bagh in a small park. The meeting was attended by many women and children as well, and is considered to be a peaceful meeting. What preceded after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre? The perpetrator of the massacre, General Dyer, was honored and rewarded by the British public and this removed all illusions about benign British rule in the country. It also marked the start of a liberation struggle like no other under Mahatma Gandhi. Rabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood in protest against Jallianwala Bagh incident. The insults and sufferings faced by the people of Punjab trickled through the gagged silence, reached every corner of India, and the universal agony of indignation roused in the hearts of people throughout the country. This event caused many moderate Indians to abandon their loyalty to the British and become nationalists distrustful of the British. The massacre stirred nationalist feelings across India and had a profound effect on one of the movement’s leaders, Mohandas Gandhi. After the Amritsar Massacre he became convinced that India should accept nothing less than full independence. To achieve this end, Gandhi began organizing his first campaign of mass civil disobedience against Britain’s oppressive rule. Connecting the dots: Jallianwala Bagh’s importance lies in what preceded it and in what followed. Elucidate. SCIENCE AND TECH/DEFENCE TOPIC: General studies 3 Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology. Defence and Security issues Is India’s anti-satellite test a game-changer? Introduction: On March 27, in an operation called ‘Mission Shakti’, the DRDO demonstrated India’s ability in offensive defence capability, using a missile to destroy a satellite in Low Earth Orbit. India became the fourth nation, after US, China and Russia, to attain the capability to interdict and intercept a satellite in outer space after the successful Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile test. The main significance of the test is that India has tested and successfully demonstrated its capability to interdict and intercept a satellite in outer space based on complete indigenous technology. Why is India’s anti-satellite test a game-changer? Security issues: To safeguard its own space assets from damage and destruction caused by other country/countries, especially China. Preserve the outer space: India endorses that outer-space should be used exclusively for peaceful purposes. It recognized that it is important to preserve the outer space in a big way. To avoid the ban on Anti-satellite tests in future: India did not want to repeat the experience of what happened in the nuclear domain. It didn’t want a Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons or NPT-like mechanism to come about in the space domain that would actually lead to a ban on India’s future ASAT tests. The UN General Assembly is also trying to bring about an international legally binding document on the prevention of an arms race in outer space that would include the prevention of placement of weapons in outer space among other things. To promote deterrence: The established space players who have demonstrated the ASAT capability have not adopted deterrence as part of their space policy. During the time of war, ASATs can be used to intercept and jam communication or military satellites of enemy countries and stop them from communicating with their soldiers. It can also be used to access critical information about troop movements or incoming missiles. Conclusion: Now that India has demonstrated this capability, India needs to play an even more active role in the global governance of outer space. India should declare no-first-use of the ASAT weaponry as we have done for the nuclear weapons, and adopt a strong domestic doctrine on weaponisation of space just as we have a declared doctrine for nuclear weapons. Connecting the dots: Discuss what importance Mission Shakti holds for India. Examine the need for effective regulation for prohibition of military activities in the space. Critically analyze the implications of Militarization of Space. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Featured Comments and comments Up-voted by IASbaba are the “correct answers”. IASbaba App users – Team IASbaba will provide correct answers in comment section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1) Dabhol power project which was in news recently is located in - Gujarat Maharashtra Bihar Jharkand Q.2) India’s National Solar Mission is covered under National Action Plan Climate Change. Which of the following statements are correct regarding India’s National Solar Mission? The target is to achieve 100 GW solar power capacity till 2022. The target comprises of rooftop projects as well as through large and medium scale Grid connected Solar Power Projects. Under National Solar Mission, Indian Railways plans to commission 1000MW solar power plants across its networks. Select the code from below: 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 3 All of the above Q.3) Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). Consider the following statements regarding Solar Power Technology: Concentrated Solar power use infrared radiations to heat the water and rotate turbines with the generated steam. Concentrated Solar Power systems generally use a huge convex lens to concentrate energy at its focus. Which of the above statements are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.4) Consider the following statements regarding ‘Electoral Bonds’: A citizen of India or a body incorporated in India will be eligible to purchase the bond It will not carry the name of the payee They can be used for making donations only to the political parties Which of the above statements are correct? 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 3 All of the above MUST READ Closed road: Udhampur-Baramulla highway ban The Hindu Why income transfers are not enough Indian Express Has the exploitation of religious sentiment for votes been normalised? Indian Express A case for more electoral nuance Indian Express The modern-day challenge of weaving ethics into education Livemint A black hole that has a message for India Livemint

Apr 13, 2019 60 Days Plan 2019 - Daily Prelims Test

60 Days Plan: UPSC IAS Prelims 2019- Environment and Current Affairs (Day 36)

60 Days Plan: UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 - Environment and Current Affairs (Day 36) 60 Day plan has been published on the website (www.iasbaba.com - Click here). Since we have come up with the 'Quiz Format', it will not be feasible to publish it on the app. For feasibility and getting to know where you stand among your peers (we have a leaderboard which gives your marks and rank) it would be advisable to take the test on the website. All the best. make the best use of the initiative ! Before taking the Test, read the post below, ARCHIVES Hello Friends, The most beloved 60 Days for UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 has finally begun :) Once again the time has come for the battle (Prelims). And who else than your best companion in the last preparatory phase for UPSC IAS Prelims 2019 i.e 60 days plan. It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop. Hope the message given above makes sense to you all. The productive utilization of this programme demands consistency, honesty, faith and strong determination to be in the process of learning and unlearning. You might not be fully prepared to solve all the questions but the learning and unlearning through these questions will prepare you for the real battle on 2nd June 2019. You have to unlearn your repetitive mistakes, gut feeling on which you mark doubtful questions. You have to learn new things and also those concepts that you were very sure of but somehow because of traps in the option, got it wrong. You have to learn 'how to convert knowledge into marks' (Because most of the times, after ending the exam, you regret making mistakes in known concepts). Secondly, keep a long distance from following too many things at this point. It will always backfire. Once you are here, put complete faith and follow this initiative along with whatever you were doing. It is very important to consolidate your preparation with many revisions. Simply following many things will leave you in despair. You can cross check this with veterans. Everything that seems attractive is not productive. You should always go for productivity. Be wise! Let us pledge to make it a big game changer (better than last year) in the next 60 days of this plan! Importance of Self - Tracking: Learning from Last Year Last year, aspirants used to type/post their answers in the comment box on a daily basis. There were huge participation and discussion below the test post. Putting answers in the comment box has been very effective to self-track yourself after updating the score. In the end, you can cross check your performance through Disqus profile. It was highly effective in the last edition of 60 Days that propelled aspirants to monitor their performance and learn through discussion. Let you solve these questions with full honesty and write your result in the comment box. Interact with peers to know your mistakes. The importance of this initiative stands time-bound and aggressive reverse engineering to learn the concepts. Many of you must be busy with your own strategy but let us tell you honestly that in the last few months, it is very important to revise and consolidate your learning. Just reading won’t suffice. So, take out a few hours from your schedule and make it a revision exercise. How can you make the best use of it? Be honest to your effort and do not start competing with XYZ aspirants just for the sake of marks. It is more important for you to introspect and check your learning than focusing on others. Try to answer the questions in 25 minutes only. Do not get into negative feeling that I don’t have enough knowledge to answer these questions. Feel like you are taking the real exam. What would be your response then? The same will be replicated in the UPSC exam. Here, you get marks only and nothing else matters. So, make effort to know the answers to all questions. Do not cheat :P DETAILED MICRO ANALYSIS MATRIX SAMPLE- is given here. You can download this and do an assessment for yourself (the excel sheet must be modified as per this years planning. The provided excel sheet is only for reference). DOWNLOAD You can copy paste the same format/modify as per your need in Google Spreadsheet and update it on daily basis. Feedback talks about daily test results. Follow-up talks about daily target achieved from sources and the number of revisions to do/done and dates. Sources column is to ensure that aspirants do not run behind various sources and follow the same throughout. Would like to end on this quote: Either you run the day or the day runs you. Are you ready? Let's start! Important Note Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test

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