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Creative Guidance – What Matters – Inspirational Educative Articles

What Matters: I've never climbed in the Himalayas but I've read a lot about those who do. And it is there climbers encounter above twenty-five or twenty-six thousand feet a place known as the Death Zone. It is so named because at that altitude there is a variety of conditions that if not overcome will painfully kill you. Of course the most obvious one is the thin air. Even with supplemental oxygen the body won't perform with its usual efficiency. And because one's faculties are typically impaired there,  a climber is more exposed to falling, various forms of edema and other potentially fatal results. Weather is also likely more extreme and dangerous, causing many climbers to bivouac in places where survival is unlikely at best. A very small percentage of climbers ever experience the Death Zone of the highest mountains in the world and for good reason. It's just too dangerous. However, in life there are some reasons we might live in our own Death Zone of sorts. In fact, we can't avoid it. It's living knowing that at any moment our life on this earth could end. We could be gone or someone we love simply won't be around. Morbid? Creepy? A little out there perhaps? Yes, in some ways. But I have a good friend who is most likely going to die in the next few months, barring a miracle that many of us our are praying for. However, whatever happens it has made us all think more about whether we would be ready to face the same ourselves. What would we do if death were looking us in the eye all of a sudden? I think the answer gives us some essential things to think about doing NOW without living in some sort of dark, fearful place in the process.  Let me suggest a few. First, make the most of every moment you can. No, none of us can savor each second of every experience, but we can slow down and enjoy people and opportunities a bit more.  We can quit cramming so many things into our lives and running by people we love as though they are hardly there. We can stop and watch our kids and grand kids longer, spend a few more minutes with a spouse or friend and just enjoy little special moments of nature that occur every day all around us. Second, take inventory. Be brutally honest about how many things you're doing that really matter for the long-term versus those that are just because everyone's doing them. Yes, there's nothing wrong with leisure, goofing off now and then and simply having fun. But are we letting the temporary push aside the eternal and the things we think we should invest in for our gain steal time from the people we want to invest in because we love them?  Have we pushed the most important things and experiences into the I'll-do-them-someday-when-I-have time category? Third, say what you want to say now. I've often thought we should have everyone's funeral before they die if possible. That way people can say to another's face what they want to say about them and would likely say once they're gone. Well, in a sense and in the same way we would be wise to say what we want to say to people before one of us is gone. Do we need to forgive, tell them we love them or that we are proud of them, let go of some past hurts or remind them of how much they meant to us?  Do it now. “This article is a part of the creative endeavor of Inner Revolution and IASBABA.”

RSTV Video

RSTV IAS UPSC – Lokpal & Lokayuktas

Lokpal & Lokayuktas Archives TOPIC: General Studies 2 Functions and responsibilities of the Government; Separation of powers between various organs Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Governance issues In News: The Supreme Court has fixed a February-end deadline for the search committee on Lokpal to recommend a panel of names for appointment of the country's first anti-graft ombudsman. The search committee is headed by former apex court judge Ranjana Prakash Desai. A bench headed by Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi directed the Centre to provide the search committee requisite infrastructure and manpower to enable it to complete its work. The bench, also comprising justices L N Rao and S K Kaul, said it would hear the matter again on March 7. Attorney General K K Venugopal, appearing for the Centre, told the bench there were certain problems like lack of infrastructure and manpower due to which the search committee was not able to hold deliberations on the issue. The top court was also told that the selection panel took note that the search committee was to comprise a minimum of seven people, including chairperson, with experience in anti-corruption policy, public administration, vigilance, policy making, finance including insurance and banking, law and management, etc. Why in News: The court was hearing a contempt petition filed by NGO Common Cause against the government for delaying the appointment of the Lokpal. Appearing for the NGO, advocate Prashant Bhushan raised doubts on the working of the search committee. Bhushan complained that the working of the committee lacked transparency and the panel must make public the shortlisted names. The Law Amid repeated demands for such an ombudsman, many attempts were made at legislation, with Lokpal Bills introduced in 1971, 1977, 1985, 1989, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2005 and 2008, but none of these was passed. It was four decades after the introduction of the first Bill that the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act was enacted in December 2013. This was the fallout of a public movement for a Jan Lokpal Bill, initiated by activist Anna Hazare and others such as Kiran Bedi and Arvind Kejriwal. Under pressure at a time when it was facing several allegations of corruption, the then UPA government brought the Bill and it was passed after several hurdles. Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act The main function of Lokpal and Lokayukta is – to address complaints of corruption, to make inquiries, investigations, and to conduct trials for the case on respective state and central government to help in curbing the corruption in the central and state government Pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2018/07/25/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_01/93afc6bd_2270486_101_mr.jpg The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 provides for establishing a body to be called the Lokpal and headed by a Chairperson: who is or has been a Chief Justice of India or is or has been a judge of the Supreme Court or an eminent person who fulfils eligibility criteria as specified Of its other members, not exceeding eight, 50% are to be judicial members, provided that not less than 50% of the members belong to the Scheduled Castess, Scheduled Tribes, OBCs, minorities, and women. For states, the Act says: “Every State shall establish a body to be known as the Lokayukta for the State, if not so established, constituted or appointed, by a law made by the State Legislature, to deal with complaints relating to corruption against certain public functionaries, within a period of one year from the date of commencement of this Act.” Lokpal will have An “Inquiry Wing, headed by the Director of Inquiry, for the purpose of conducting preliminary inquiry into any offence alleged to have been committed by a public servant punishable under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It will also have a “Prosecution Wing headed by the Director of Prosecution for the purpose of prosecution of public servants in relation to any complaint by the Lokpal under this Act”. These are to deal with complaints against public servants; the chairperson and members of the Lokpal too come under the definition of “public servant”. Jurisdiction of Lokpal The Lokpal Act covers a wide range of public servants — from the Prime Minister, ministers and MP, to groups A, B, C and D officers of the central government. When it comes to the Prime Minister: Lokpal shall inquire or cause an inquiry to be conducted into any matter involved in, or arising from, or connected with, any allegation of corruption made in a complaint” in respect of the Prime Minister. However, it does not allow a Lokpal inquiry if the allegation against the Prime Minister relates to international relations, external and internal security, public order, atomic energy and space. Also, complaints against the Prime Minister are not to be probed unless the full Lokpal bench considers the initiation of inquiry and at least 2/3rds of the members approve it. Such an inquiry against the Prime Minister (if conducted) is to be held in camera and if the Lokpal comes to the conclusion that the complaint deserves to be dismissed, the records of the inquiry are not to be published or made available to anyone. The next step: Once the search committee submits its recommendation for the Lokpal and its members, a selection committee will consider those names and forward them to the President for his consideration. The selection committee is chaired by the Prime Minister, and its members are the Lok Sabha Speaker, Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the Chief Justice of India or a Judge of the Supreme Court nominated by him, and an eminent jurist as nominated by the President. Under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, a Lokayukta is to be appointed in every state within one year of the passing of the Act, but several states are yet to appoint such an institution. Connecting the Dots: What is an ombudsman? Discuss its efficacy as an institutional measure to curb corruption.

UPSC Interview Discussion-TRP

Interview Discussion IAS UPSC: Think, Rethink and Perform (TRP)-Day 21

Interview Discussion: Think, Rethink and Perform; (TRP)- Day 21  ARCHIVES Set 1: Ask these questions to yourself; contemplate and come out with a concrete answer (not to be discussed on this forum). Invest at least 30 minutes on this set of questions. What does ‘sense of service’ mean to you? Is having a ‘sense of service’ essential for human beings? How much significance do you accord to the ‘sense of service’ as a virtue of a civil servant? Set 2: Analyse the following issue: Has there been a transformation in the way Supreme Court has been functioning? Has its mandate been undermined or are we witnessing an era of judicial adventurism? Try to evolve a balanced response.  

IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 15th February 2019

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 15th February 2019 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Pulwama Attack: Part of: GS Mains III - Role of external state and nonstate actors in creating challenges to internal security. In news: The vehicle-bomb suicide attack on a CRPF convoy near Lethpora in Pulwama is the deadliest ever terror strike against security forces in three decades of militancy in Kashmir. Jaish-e-Mohammed, which works out of Pakistan under the leadership of Masood Azhar, has claimed responsibility for the attack. The Jaish has carried out other attacks in Kashmir in recent years, including the one at Uri and at Pathankot. Yet India’s efforts to have Azhar designated as a global terrorist have been repeatedly blocked by China, a staunch ally of Pakistan. Do you know? Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) militant outfit, with a cadre strength of zero in 2015 and six in 2016, is regrouping in Kashmir again and has carried more attacks on the security forces than the Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and the Hizbul Mujahideen (HM) outfits in the past two months. According to the police data, the JeM has emerged as a close third in 2019 with its ranks swelling to over 60 local recruits compared to 100-plus recruits of the LeT and the Hizb each. Half of India’s waste-to-energy plants defunct Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Energy/Infrastructure;  solid waste management In news: Nearly half of India’s waste-to-energy (WTE) plants, meant to convert non-biodegradable waste, are defunct. Unsegregated rubbish makes plants inefficient. Since 1987, 15 WTE plants have been set up across the country. However, seven of these plants have shut down. The key reasons for closure are the plants’ inability to handle mixed solid waste and the high cost of electricity generated by them that renders it unattractive to power companies. Do you know? NITI Aayog, as part of the Swachh Bharat Mission, envisages 800 megawatt from WTE plants by 2018-19, which is 10 times the capacity of all the existing WTE plants put together. India signs defence pacts with Germany and Sweden Part of: GS Mains II and III – International Relations; Defence Ties; Security issues In news: India concluded defence cooperation and security protection agreements with Germany and Sweden. The agreement will enable both the countries to share classified information with each other. India and Sweden have had a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in the area of defence since 2009. Both Germany and Sweden are important suppliers of defence equipment to India and their companies are currently in the race for multi-billion tenders to supply submarines and fighter aircraft. Tussle for power: Delhi versus Centre Part of: GS Prelims and Mains – Indian Polity; Special powers to Delhi; Centre-State/UTs relations In news: Supreme Court verdict said the Centre has exclusive jurisdiction over public services in Delhi. In other words, the elected government does not have the right to transfer officers. The court also ruled that the anti-corruption bureau will be under the control of the Union government, while other aspects like appointing special public prosecutors, making electricity reforms and revision rates for agricultural land would lie in the hands of the Delhi government. Pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2019/02/15/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_07/2bf63331_2736279_101_mr.jpg Do you know? At the core of the tussle between the Union and Delhi governments is Article 239 AA of the Constitution, which gives Delhi the special character of a Union Territory with a Legislative Assembly that has a lieutenant governor as its administrative head. Last year, a five-judge Constitution bench of the Supreme Court led by Chief Justice Dipak Misra stated that the lieutenant governor’s powers in the National Capital were only limited to land, police and public order. Panel moots minimum wage of ₹375 per day Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Indian Economy and wage related issues In news: According to Expert Committee on Determining the Methodology for Fixation of the National Minimum Wage – Minimum wage for workers across the country be set at ₹375 per day, or ₹9,750 per month. It also recommended different national minimum wages for “different geographical regions of the country to suit the local realities and as per socio-economic and labour market contexts.” Do you know? While the Minimum Wages Act was enacted in 1948, it stipulates different wages according to occupation and State; there is no national minimum wage. The Code on Wages Bill, 2017, had proposed a national minimum wage and five regional minimum wages. State governments must be consulted before any national minimum wage is set by the Centre. Miscellaneous: Key facts for Prelims: According to the United Nations’ 2018 World Happiness Index, India ranks low, lower than the Occupied Palestinian Territories. According to the World Health Organisation, India is the most depressed country in the world. In 2015, India ranked fourth in the world in 2015--after Syria, Nigeria and Iraq--as having the highest social hostilities involving religion. India ranked 137 out of 163 countries in 2018 Global Peace Index. (MAINS FOCUS) NATIONAL TOPIC:General studies 2 and 4 Constitution, Issues related to Governance, judiciary Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; Strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; Case Studies on above issues Demise of democracy, Rise of authoritarian tendencies Context: One among the major issues that confront the world today – ‘demise of democracy with authoritarian tendencies on the ascendant’. Steady weakening and undermining of institutional and knowledge structures pose a threat to the world. Do you know? Russia’s Vladimir Putin, China’s Xi Jinping and Turkey’s Recep Tayyip Erdogan are constantly projected as the faces of authoritarianism, but many democratic leaders reveal a similar authoritarian streak, which adds to democracy’s woes. However, it may be too early to predict the demise of democracy, but the reality is that it is not a good time for democratic institutions, or for those who see democracy as the answer to the world’s problems. Examples everywhere Several examples exist worldwide on how decisions today are handed down, rather than being the outcome of discussion and debate. Cases of deliberate sabotage of international institutions such as the World Bank Brexit, and the Brexit debate, in the U.K. and Europe is a good example of democracy going away from the usual or expected course The U.S. (leading democracy) is also setting a bad example today. Under President Donald Trump, arbitrary decision-making has replaced informed debate. (US decision to withdraw from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty; Trump’s determination to build a wall to keep out Mexican immigrants; pulling out of Paris Climate Change Agreement etc.) Indian context: In a pluralistic, multi-party federal system, ignoring democratic conventions and the violation of well-entrenched behavioural patterns are causing irreversible damage to the polity. Some recent instances has raised strong questions about the intentions of those in authority – Rift between government and RBI and a perceived attempt to reduce its functional independence, to compel it to fall in line with the views of the government. Those in authority deem all information not acceptable to them as nothing but disinformation. For example, Central government recently rejecting the unemployment report by the well-regarded National Sample Survey Office without giving any valid reason for doing so. Doubts are also being raised about the validity of the government’s revised GDP estimates. Those opposed to the government, on the other hand, insist that the government suffers from a lack of probity. (Example – Bitter exchanges over the purchase of Rafale aircraft) Centre-State relations are under strain and might face the threat of still greater disruption. Interim Budget in an election year – The Interim Budget announced on the eve of the 2019 general election clearly breaches certain long-settled conventions, by including many substantial measures that ordinarily would form part of a regular Budget. The intention is plain, viz. build more support for the ruling dispensation in an election year. Alongside the decline in democratic conventions, another cause for concern is the virtual collapse of key institutions such as the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). Conclusion: Adherence to democratic norms is very crucial to maintain the independence of institutions and processes.  However, an impression exists today that attempts are being made to effect changes in the existing system. This should be a matter of concern for one and all. Connecting the dots: Examine the significance of maintaining the independence of democratic institutions and processes in a pluralistic, multi-party federal system like India. Do you think India’s democratic institutions got further strengthened post emergency? Analyse. ECONOMY/INFRASTRUCTURE TOPIC: General studies 2 and 3 Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Infrastructure - Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc. Towards an efficient transport infrastructure Context: Transport infrastructure in India has grown at an unprecedented rate during nearly the last five years. Following are the major achievements: At the highest ever pace of construction, more than 35,000 km of national highways have been built in four and a half years. World-class expressways such as the Eastern Peripheral Expressway and Western Peripheral Expressway or engineering marvels such as the Dhola Sadiya Bridge and Chenani Nashri Tunnel were initiated. The Bharatmala Pariyojana – a unique scheme and unprecedented in terms of its size and design was launched (under Sagarmala) to develop ports which are considered as engines of growth. The development of 111 waterways for transport. The development of FASTags, promotion of alternative fuels such as ethanol, methanol, biofuels, and electricity, as well as innovative modes of travel such as seaplanes and aeroboats. Why do we need an efficient transport infrastructure? Efficient transport infrastructure: biggest enabler for growth It has been one of the foremost priorities of our government to build a transport infrastructure that is indigenous and cost-effective; link the remotest corners of the country; optimally integrates across various modes and is safe and environment friendly. A lack of good transport infrastructure has been a major hindrance for growth in the country in the past. Bharatmala and Sagarmala programmes are going to be game changers in this regard. They will improve both penetration and efficiency of transport movement on land and water, respectively. Efficient transport infrastructure will help connect places of production with markets more efficiently, help reduce logistics costs, create jobs and promote regionally balanced socioeconomic growth in the country. Important for providing better, seamless and more efficient access not just within the country, but also to our neighbouring countries. Priority areas in the development of effective transport infrastructure   Apart from building infrastructure, government priority should be to improve the overall convenience and on-road experience of the road users. This involves ensuring their safety, reducing congestion and pollution levels and providing roadside amenities. To prevent the colossal loss of lives in road accidents, priority should be given to rectifying accident black spots through engineering means, employing road safety features at the design stage for highways, conducting road safety audits, setting up driver training and post-trauma care centres as well as generating awareness. Apart from ring roads, expressways and bypasses, innovative solutions like seaplanes, ropeways, aeroboats and double-decker buses are being actively explored for adoption. These will bring down the traffic pressure and congestion on roads. To reduce pollution, alternative fuels like ethanol, methanol, biofuels and electricity are being promoted. Do you know? Recently a MoU was signed with Austrian ropeway company Doppelmayr for building ropeways through congested cities and hilly areas. Another MoU has been signed with Transport for London to help us overhaul our urban transport. The concept of ‘waste to wealth’ is being employed for generating alternative fuels. Already, the total number of seafarers employed in Indian and foreign ships has grown by 35% this year. (Thanks to Sagarmala) India’s growth story should no longer be impeded by a lack of efficient transport infrastructure, and the fruits of this growth should reach everyone in the remotest part of the country. Connecting the dots: Examine the potential of an efficient transport infrastructure in India. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Featured Comments and comments Up-voted by IASbaba are the “correct answers”. IASbaba App users – Team IASbaba will provide correct answers in comment section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1) Consider the following statements: NITI Aayog envisaged 800 megawatt from waste-to-energy (WTE) plants by 2018-19. It will be part of the Swachh Bharat Mission. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both None Q.2) Which of the following statements regarding new Solid Waste Management Rules are correct? It has mandated the segregation of waste at the source. All hotels and restaurants will also be required to segregate biodegradable waste and set up a system of collection to ensure that such food waste is utilised for composting / biomethanation. Municipal authorities will levy user fees for collection, disposal and processing from bulk generators. Mandated Integration of rag pickers, waste pickers and kabadiwalas from the informal sector to the formal sector by the state government. Select the code from following: 1,2 and 3 2,3 and 4 1,3 and 4 All of the above Q.3) The treatment method recommended for the human anatomical waste generated from hospitals is – Autoclaving Chemical disinfection Incineration All the above Q.4) Consider the below statements: The World Happiness Report is an annual publication of the United Nations. As of March 2018, Norway was ranked the happiest country in the world. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both None MUST READ Is the unemployment crisis for real? The Hindu It’s a wage crisis Indian Express Interstate development and the federalism question Livemint Data opacity hurting policymaking on jobs growth Livemint

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz - 2019 : IAS Daily Current Affairs Quiz Day 173

UPSC Quiz - 2019 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz Day 172 Archives Q.1) ‘Mysticellus franki’, which was recently in news is a Frog Butterfly Wader Seaweed Q.2) ‘Gross Domestic Knowledge Product (GDKP)’ is based on which of the following pillars? Country’s Knowledge Producing Matrix Country’s Knowledge User Matrix Cost of Individual Learning Select the correct code: 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 3 All of the above Q.3) ‘Nord Stream’ passes through Russia Germany Belarus Select the correct code: 1 and 2 1 and 3 All of the above None of the above Q.4) Consider the following statements with respect to ‘National Board for Wildlife (NBWL)’ It is a statutory Board constituted under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 It is chaired by the  Prime Minister Select the correct statements 1 Only 2 Only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.5) Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Wildlife Crime Control Bureau’ It is mandated to establish a centralized wildlife crime data bank It is created under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 It assists and advises the Customs authorities in inspection of the consignments of flora & fauna as per the provisions of Wild Life Protection Act, CITES and EXIM Policy governing such an item Select the correct statements 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 3 All of the above To Download the Solution - Click here All the Best  IASbaba

IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 14th February 2019

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 14th February 2019 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Kerala takes the lead in the fight against trans fat Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Health issue; Government schemes and programmes In news: Kerala Health Department has drawn up an action plan to generate public awareness on the harmful effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) in commercially available food items. The action plan will also encourage the local food industry to meet the current statutory limits set for TFA and keep their food TFA-free. Salt being a major contributor to hypertension and stroke, the action plan also plans to address the high salt content in processed foods, pickles, papads and condiments by encouraging manufacturers to move to low sodium options. Pic: https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/4pwlk1/article26261767.ece/alternates/FREE_615/14tv-Trans-fatcol Do you know? Various studies suggest that an unhealthy diet with a high TFA content is a significant factor that pushes up metabolic syndrome and the burden of its associated complications. Article 35A Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Indian Polity; Centre and State Relations; Constitution of India About: Article 35A deals with providing special status to the State and people of Jammu and Kashmir. The article empowers the Jammu and Kashmir state’s legislature to define “permanent residents” of the state and confer on them special rights and privileges in public sector jobs, acquisition of property in the State, scholarships and other public aid and welfare. The provision mandates that no act of the legislature coming under it can be challenged for violating the Constitution or any other law of the land. It was added to the constitution through a presidential order of 1954 with the then J&K government’s concurrence. Article 35A does not allow people from outside the state of Jammu & Kashmir to work, settle or own property in the state. Why in news? The Article, which was unknown to the public domain till recent times, has raked up an intense debate in the country when a Kashmiri woman, Charu Wali Khan filed a petition to change the constitutional provision as she wanted succession rights in the state though she is settled outside the state. An NGO, ‘We the Citizens’ had also filed a writ petition to strike down Article 35A. The NDA Government wants to have a larger debate over the Article 35A challenging the constitutional validity of the clause. Supreme Court to hear petitions challenging Article 35A soon. 99.82% projects in forests got nod Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Environment and Ecology; Biodiversity; Role of NBWL In news: National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) cleared 682 of the 687 projects (99.82%) that came up for scrutiny. Only five projects were rejected since August 2014. NBWL is the apex body charged with allowing forest land in Protected Areas to be diverted for industry. From 2009-2013, under the UPA regime, NBWL recommended 260 of the 328 that came into its purview — or about 80% of the projects. Pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2019/02/14/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_07/39f1cdc6_2733469_101_mr.jpg About National Board for Wild Life (NBWL) It is a “Statutory Organization” constituted under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. It is a very important body because it serves as apex body to review all wildlife-related matters and approve projects in and around national parks and sanctuaries. The NBWL adjudicates on industrial projects, road diversions or the like that could encroach into Protected Areas or eco-sensitive zones of forests. A smaller Standing Committee of the NBWL is charged with deliberating on the merits of projects that come to it for scrutiny; the committee comprises scientists and government officials and is chaired by Union Environment Minister. ‘Only 84% rural households have electricity in four States’ Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II and III – Government schemes and programmes; Infrastructure/Energy In news: According to a comprehensive private sector survey of 10,000 households – Only 84% of rural households have electricity connection in the four States of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Odisha and Rajasthan. Only 75% of all households used electricity from the grid. In other words, several households that relied on off-grid sources of electricity despite having a connection. The findings of the Survey is in contrast to the government’s Saubhagya Scheme data, which shows that 100% household electrification has been achieved in U.P., Bihar and Odisha; and 99.9% in Rajasthan. Do you know: about Saubhagya Scheme? PM launched Rs. 16320 crore scheme to supply electricity to all households by December 2018, providing free connection to poor and at low cost to others. The PM Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana named SAUBHAGYA aims to improve environment, public health and education and connectivity with help of last mile power connections across India. Miscellaneous: 1. Citizenship, triple talaq Bills lapse Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II – Indian Polity; Centre-State Relations; Citizenship In news: The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2019, that had set off a series of violent protests across the northeastern States, lapsed as the government failed to push it through Rajya Sabha. Along with the Citizenship Bill, the triple talaq Bill that criminalises instant divorce in a Muslim marriage has also lapsed. Do you know? There have been widespread protests against the Citizenship Bill that proposed to grant citizenship to six religious minorities — Hindus, Jains, Sikhs, Parsis, Christians and Buddhists — from Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh, who came to India before December 31, 2014. The Bill was seen as violating the terms of the 1985 Assam Accord that had set March 24, 1971 as the cut-off for granting citizenship. CAG Report on Rafale deal Context: In previous DNA, we read about key findings of ‘domain experts’ (senior Defence Ministry officials) on the Indian Negotiating Team (INT) Domain experts findings were directly contrary to the two central claims made by the Indian government of a cheaper deal and faster delivery of fighter aircraft. Domain experts also registered serious concern over the Indian government’s acceptance of a ‘Letter of Comfort’ instead of a sovereign or government guarantee or bank guarantees and also acceptance of offset issues and Dassault Aviation’s restrictive trade practices. Do you know? There have been varying claims from government officials on how much cheaper the 2016 deal was, with estimates ranging from 9% to 20%. In news: However, CAG report provides the following key highlights – The contract signed in 2016 to acquire 36 Rafale fighter jets from France through the Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) was 86% lower in value than “Audit’s aligned price” of the bid received in 2007 when the then UPA government had sought to purchase 126 Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MMRCA). The CAG also observed that the price could have been reduced further had the benefits of waiving of the bank guarantees for the vendor (Dassault Aviation) been passed on to India. On the delivery schedule, the CAG found that the 2016 deal’s terms would ensure only a month’s advantage over the timeline offered in the 2007 bid. Pic: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2019/02/14/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_01/0218af94_2733460_101_mr.jpg (MAINS FOCUS) WELFARE/ECONOMY TOPIC: General studies 2 Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections General studies 3  Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices Inclusive growth and issues arising from it. For effective implementation of PM-KISAN Context: In previous DNA editorials, we covered – About Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme (Click here) Analysis of PM-KISAN: Will the Rs6,000 farmer payout help? (Click Here) Need of the scheme (Click Here) Challenges to the scheme (Click Here) Why MGNREGA better than PM-KISAN? (Click Here) After going through above editorials, we feel even though PM-KISAN is a progressive step, is it enough to mitigate India’s severe agrarian distress? Concerns with Agriculture Sector: Agriculture sector employs over 50% of the workforce either directly or indirectly The sector remains the main source of livelihood for over 70% of rural households Droughts of 2014 and 2015, ad-hoc export and import policies, lack of infrastructure, and uncertainty in agricultural markets have adversely affected agricultural productivity and stability of farm incomes. Agriculture growth rates in the last five years: It has been inconsistent Year Growth Rate 2013-14 5.6% 2014-15 (-) 0.2% 2015-16 0.7% 2016-17 4.9% 2017-18 2.1% Pic: https://images.firstpost.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/agri1.png Therefore, PM-KISAN is aimed at boosting rural consumption and helping poor farmers recover from distress. However, without adequate focus on proper strategy and implementation, the scheme is unlikely to make any meaningful impact. Need of the hour: For successful implementation of PM-KISAN 1. Adequate financial support Cash transfers are mooted for their potential greater efficiency in enabling poor households to directly purchase the required goods and services as well as enhance their market choices. PM-KISAN effectiveness can only be realised through financial support that provides farmers with adequate purchasing power. However, the income support of ₹17 a day for a household (as against ₹32 per person per day in rural areas, according to the Rangarajan Committee), which is the amount offered by PM-KISAN, is largely insufficient for even bare minimum sustenance of vulnerable farmers. Therefore, PM-KISAN should first ensure that there is enough cash provided to help bring an affected community out of poverty. 2. Inflation adjusted Cash Transfer Given the volatile market and price fluctuations in different regions, it is important to index the cash transfers to local inflation. Failure of DBT in kerosene in Rajasthan can be attributed to this insufficient cash transfers which was not adjusted based on market price fluctuations or inflation. 3. Well-planned Implementation Mechanism The scheme requires significant implementation capabilities. Majority of the States have incomplete tenancy records and land data are not digitized. Therefore, identification of beneficiaries is daunting. Many pilot schemes aimed to replace subsidised food grains with cash in three Union Territories (Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and Puducherry) have failed due to data inconsistencies. In the absence of updated land records and complete databases, the scheme may end up benefitting only those who hold land titles and not the small, marginal or tenant farmers who are the most vulnerable. Conclusion: PM-KISAN is an ambitious scheme that has the potential to deliver significant welfare outcomes. However, the current top-down, rushed approach of the government ignores governance constraints and is therefore likely to result in failure. An alternative bottom-up strategy and well-planned implementation mechanism would allow weaknesses to be identified and rectified at the local level. The most effective modalities can then be scaled nationally and ensure success. Connecting the dots: PM-KISAN is an ambitious scheme that has the potential to deliver significant welfare outcomes. Do you agree? Also discuss what measures are needed for its successful implementation? NATIONAL/ECONOMY TOPIC:General studies 2 Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Governance issues; Role of Civil Society Organizations General Studies 3  Environment versus development. Inclusive growth and issues arising from it. Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc. New Coastal Regulation Zone Notification and Role of Civil Societies Context: In previous DNA editorials, we covered – Salient features of the New CRZ Notification, 2018 (Click Here) Difference between New CRZ Notification, 2018 and the previous CRZ Notification, 2011 (Click Here) Loopholes in New Coastal Regulation Zone Notification (Click Here) In news: Experts had opined that the recent Coastal Regulation Zone Notification 2018 ignores the vulnerabilities of coastal regions to climate change. The new CRZ notification is said to benefit hospitality/tourism industries and local economies, however, the lives and livelihood of thousands of citizens continue to be at risk. Concerns: India’s vulnerabilities to climate challenges should not be ignored. Government, businesses and civil society have the responsibility of constructive action to address this environmental challenge. However, governments in India do not prioritise climate change mitigation, fearing that it will impede economic growth and efforts to alleviate poverty. The role of civil society Civil societies have played important role in containing policies that can contribute to climate catastrophes and precarious situations. It helps to establish sustainable mitigative measures and improve quality of life in multiple dimensions — physical environment, health and finance. It helps to bring changes in consumption-related thinking and behaviour. Their involvement offers tremendous opportunity for citizens’ needs to be heard. It plays an assertive role in forcing a shift in the current stance and shaping the country’s climate policy. Vital tool: Bringing changes in consumption-related thinking and behaviour Important for sustainability Making mobility choices that result in efficient fuel use and lower carbon emissions. It calls for considering alternative sources of domestic electricity. Alter the use of cooling devices and power. Altering our lifestyles for sustainability has a silver lining — we have a valuable chance to re-orient our lives for substantive improvement. The sooner we act, the more significant the gain. In the emerging multi- faceted nature of governance, the civil society institutions can play a constructive role not only in harnessing the resources of the government but also in tapping the structure and resources of the market to give a fair deal to the people, and in creating an environment where sustainable development takes place. Connecting the dots: In the emerging multi- faceted nature of governance, the civil society institutions can play a constructive role not only in harnessing the resources of the government but also in tapping the structure and resources of the market to give a fair deal to the people, and in creating an environment where sustainable development takes place. Comment. Discuss the role of Civil Society Institutions in Sustainable Development and Environmental Governance in India. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Featured Comments and comments Up-voted by IASbaba are the “correct answers”. IASbaba App users – Team IASbaba will provide correct answers in comment section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1) Consider the below statements: Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) targets eliminating trans fat in India by the year 2022. World Health Organisation (WHO) launched a new mass media campaign called “Heart Attack Rewind” which targets eliminating trans fat globally by the year 2023. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Only 1 Only 2 Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Consider the following Transfat are saturated fatty acids They are formed during the process of addition of hydrogen atoms to oil Trans fat are naturally found in nature Which of the following statements is/are false with respect to “Trans fat”? 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 3 only None Q.3) Consider the following statements about Article 35A It is a part of original constitution. The provision discriminates against a woman’s right to property. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Only 1 Only 2 Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.4) Consider the following advantages of conserving Biodiversity It ensures the sustainable utilization of life support systems on earth. The genetic diversity of plants and animals are preserved. It ensures that it will fulfil all the development needs of people. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 3 All of the above Q.5) Consider the following about National Board for Wild Life (NBWL) It is a “Statutory Organization” constituted under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. It is is the apex body charged with allowing forest land in Protected Areas to be diverted for industry. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Only 1 Only 2 Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.6) ‘Saubhagya Web Portal’ has been launched by government of India to track Gas connections in rural and urban households Electrification of rural and urban households Domestic violence in urban areas Swachch Bharat Abhiyan MUST READ  Every drop matters The Hindu Dealing with the thought police The Hindu Begging the question Indian Express The chief statistician replies Indian Express  Swachh Nigeria Indian Express

RSTV Video

RSTV IAS UPSC – DGP selection

DGP Selection Archives TOPIC:  General Studies 2 Government policies and reforms Governance; transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures In News: The Supreme Court had dismissed the pleas of five states seeking modification of its order issued last year on the selection and appointment of director generals of police. The apex court was hearing applications of various state governments, including Punjab, Kerala, West Bengal, Haryana and Bihar, seeking implementation of their local laws regarding the selection and appointment of DGPs. A bench headed by Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi said the earlier directions of the court on selection and appointment of DGPs were issued in larger public interest and to protect the police officials from political interference. Prakash Singh vs Union of India In its 2006 judgment in Prakash Singh vs Union of India (filed in 1996), the SC laid down guidelines for appointment and removal of the DGP. In the 2006 judgment, the SC said – The Director General of Police of the State shall be selected by the State Government from amongst the three senior most officers of the department who have been empanelled for promotion to that rank by the Union Public Service Commission on the basis of their length of service, very good record and range of experience for heading the police force. And once he has been selected for the job, he should have a minimum tenure of at least two years irrespective of his date of superannuation. About removal: The DGP may… be relieved of the responsibilities by the State government acting in consultation with the State Security Commission consequent upon any action taken against him under the All India Services (Discipline and Appeal) Rules or following his conviction in a court of law in a criminal offence or in a case of corruption, or if he is otherwise incapacitated from discharging his duties. On July 3, 2018, the Supreme Court passed another order laying down further guidelines for the appointment of a DGP by the States, stressing that there is no concept of an acting DGP. In the 2018 order, it said – All the States shall send their proposals in anticipation of the vacancies to the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) well in time at least three months prior to the date of retirement of the incumbent on the post of DGP. The UPSC shall prepare the panel as per directions of this court in the judgment in Prakash Singh’s case and intimate the Sates. The state shall immediately appoint one of the persons from the panel prepared by UPSC. None of the States shall ever conceive of the idea of appointing any person on the post of DGP on acting basis for there is no concept of acting Director General of Police as per the decision in Prakash Singh’s case. An endeavour has to be made by all concerned to see that the person who was selected and appointed as DGP continues despite his date of superannuation.” The court also directed the States to “ensure that DGP is appointed through a merit-based transparent process and secure a minimum tenure of two years.” Pic link: https://d39gegkjaqduz9.cloudfront.net/TH/2018/07/04/DEL/Delhi/TH/5_01/beb9e31a_2219759_101_mr.jpg Conclusion: The Supreme Court must increase the pressure on state governments to implement the Prakash Singh judgment. It must also ensure that central government doesn’t exercise its clout. Finding the right balance is important. Connecting the Dots: The half-hearted implementation of the Prakash Singh judgment has come back to haunt the states. Discuss. What are the recommendations of the Prakash Singh Committee on police reforms? Examine.

IASbaba's Monthly Current Affairs Magazine

IAS UPSC Current Affairs Magazine JANUARY 2019

IAS UPSC Current Affairs Magazine JANUARY 2019 ARCHIVES Hello Friends, This is the 44th edition of IAS UPSC Current Affairs Magazine for JANUARY 2019. And Current Affairs for UPSC Civil Services Examination is an important factor in this preparation. An effort towards making your Current Affairs for IAS UPSC Preparation qualitative. We hope you make the best use of it! This edition covers all important current affairs issues that were in news for the month of JANUARY 2019 DOWNLOAD THE MAGAZINE- CLICK HERE

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz - 2019 : IAS Daily Current Affairs Quiz Day 172

UPSC Quiz - 2019 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz Day 172 Archives Q.1) ‘Cobra Gold’ is a military exercise between USA and Russia Japan and Russia Russia and China None of the above Q.2) Consider the following statements with respect to ‘National Productivity Council (NPC)’ It is under the administrative control of the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade It is a constituent of the Tokyo-based Asian Productivity Organisation (APO), of which India is a founder member Select the correct statements 1 Only 2 Only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3) ‘CUTLASS EXPRESS’ naval exercise is associated with Organisation of Islamic Cooperation Shanghai Cooperation Organization North Atlantic Treaty Organization None of the above Q.4) As part of the 100th Anniversary, ILO is implementing seven centenary initiatives. Which of the following are among those initiatives? The Governance Initiative The Future of Work Initiative The Women at Work Initiative Select the correct code: 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 3 All of the above Q.5) ‘Sela Pass’ is located in Jammu and Kashmir Sikkim Arunachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh To Download the Solution - Click here All the Best  IASbaba

UPSC Interview Discussion-TRP

Interview Discussion IAS UPSC: Think, Rethink and Perform (TRP)-Day 20

Interview Discussion: Think, Rethink and Perform; (TRP)- Day 20  ARCHIVES Set 1: Ask these questions to yourself; contemplate and come out with a concrete answer (not to be discussed on this forum). Invest at least 30 minutes on this set of questions. What does greatness mean to you? How can can a person become great? What makes someone great- ideas or deeds? Have you done anything great in your life? Don’t you aspire to become a great person? Set 2: Analyse the following issue: A civil servant isn't only competent and capable, he/she is highly aware all of national and global  developments. Last three years witnessed unprecedented global events. By taking at least three such events, bring out the impact that they had on India’s international outlook and interests.

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