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The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2023 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2022.
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Consider the following passage:
It refers to a situation when the inflation rate is high, the growth rate slows down, and unemployment stays high. It raises a dilemma for economic policy since actions designed to lower inflation may exacerbate unemployment and vice versa.
Which of the following type of inflation is being defined in the above passage?
Solution (d)
Solution (d)
Consider the following statements with respect to ‘inflation’:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Inflation reduces the value of a currency’s purchasing power, having the effect of increase in prices. |
If inflation is higher than the nominal interest rate, the bondholder will take a loss. As many investors rely on bonds as a predictable source of income, they can take significant losses during periods of high inflation. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Inflation reduces the value of a currency’s purchasing power, having the effect of increase in prices. |
If inflation is higher than the nominal interest rate, the bondholder will take a loss. As many investors rely on bonds as a predictable source of income, they can take significant losses during periods of high inflation. |
Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Consumer Price Index’:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Correct |
CPI is a price index that measures the average price of a basket of items over a given period of time. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) determines the average price paid by customers to merchants. The CPI includes necessities such as food, clothing, housing and includes services like medical care, transportation, and education. |
With effect from January 2011, the Central Statistics Office (CSO), Ministry of Statistics, and Program Implementation began issuing Consumer Price Indices (CPI) on a monthly basis for all of India and States/UTs, separately for rural, urban and combined. |
Since 2016, CPI is taken as measure of inflation while formulating monetary policy by RBI. |
Solution (b)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Correct |
CPI is a price index that measures the average price of a basket of items over a given period of time. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) determines the average price paid by customers to merchants. The CPI includes necessities such as food, clothing, housing and includes services like medical care, transportation, and education. |
With effect from January 2011, the Central Statistics Office (CSO), Ministry of Statistics, and Program Implementation began issuing Consumer Price Indices (CPI) on a monthly basis for all of India and States/UTs, separately for rural, urban and combined. |
Since 2016, CPI is taken as measure of inflation while formulating monetary policy by RBI. |
Consider the following statements regarding Base Year:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Correct |
Incorrect |
The base year of the national accounts is chosen to enable inter-year comparisons.
It gives an idea about changes in purchasing power and allows calculation of inflation-adjusted growth estimates. |
The base year is a representative year which must not experience any abnormal incidents such as droughts, floods, earthquakes etc. |
The national statistical commission wants the base year should be changed after every five years to capture the changing economy. |
Solution (b)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Correct |
Incorrect |
The base year of the national accounts is chosen to enable inter-year comparisons.
It gives an idea about changes in purchasing power and allows calculation of inflation-adjusted growth estimates. |
The base year is a representative year which must not experience any abnormal incidents such as droughts, floods, earthquakes etc. |
The national statistical commission wants the base year should be changed after every five years to capture the changing economy. |
An increase in the public debt through domestic borrowings may lead to which of the following in an economy?
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Correct |
Correct |
Government deficits are inflationary. This is because when government increases spending or cuts taxes, aggregate demand increases. Firms may not be able to produce higher quantities that are being demanded at the ongoing prices. Prices will, therefore, have to rise. However, if there are unutilized resources, output is held back by lack of demand. |
If some private savers decide to buy bonds, the funds remaining to be invested in private hands will be smaller. Thus, some private borrowers will get crowded out of the financial markets as the government claims an increasing share of the economy’s total savings. |
Government deficits are inflationary. This is because when government increases spending or cuts taxes, aggregate demand increases. |
Solution (c)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Correct |
Correct |
Government deficits are inflationary. This is because when government increases spending or cuts taxes, aggregate demand increases. Firms may not be able to produce higher quantities that are being demanded at the ongoing prices. Prices will, therefore, have to rise. However, if there are unutilized resources, output is held back by lack of demand. |
If some private savers decide to buy bonds, the funds remaining to be invested in private hands will be smaller. Thus, some private borrowers will get crowded out of the financial markets as the government claims an increasing share of the economy’s total savings. |
Government deficits are inflationary. This is because when government increases spending or cuts taxes, aggregate demand increases. |
With reference to Wholesale Price Index (WPI), consider the following statements:
Choose the correct code:
Solution (d)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Incorrect |
Incorrect |
Wholesale Price Index (WPI) measures the average change in the prices of commodities for bulk sale at the level of early stage of transactions. The index basket of the WPI covers commodities falling under the three major groups namely Primary Articles, Fuel and Power and Manufactured products. |
Wholesale Price Index calculated with 2011-12 base year does not include taxes in order to remove the impact of fiscal policy. This also brings the present WPI series closer to Producer Price Index, as is practiced globally. |
Solution (d)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Incorrect |
Incorrect |
Wholesale Price Index (WPI) measures the average change in the prices of commodities for bulk sale at the level of early stage of transactions. The index basket of the WPI covers commodities falling under the three major groups namely Primary Articles, Fuel and Power and Manufactured products. |
Wholesale Price Index calculated with 2011-12 base year does not include taxes in order to remove the impact of fiscal policy. This also brings the present WPI series closer to Producer Price Index, as is practiced globally. |
With reference to GDP deflator, consider the following statements:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Correct |
Correct |
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) deflator is a measure of general price inflation. It is calculated by dividing nominal GDP by real GDP and then multiplying by 100. Nominal GDP is the market value of goods and services produced in an economy, unadjusted for inflation (It is the GDP measured at current prices).
Real GDP is nominal GDP, adjusted for inflation to reflect changes in real output (It is the GDP measured at constant prices). |
The weights of goods and services in GDP deflator are not constant and differ according to the production level of each good and services in the country. Due to these changes in consumption patterns or the introduction of new goods and services or structural transformation are automatically reflected in the deflator which is not the case with other inflation measures. |
Solution (c)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Correct |
Correct |
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) deflator is a measure of general price inflation. It is calculated by dividing nominal GDP by real GDP and then multiplying by 100. Nominal GDP is the market value of goods and services produced in an economy, unadjusted for inflation (It is the GDP measured at current prices).
Real GDP is nominal GDP, adjusted for inflation to reflect changes in real output (It is the GDP measured at constant prices). |
The weights of goods and services in GDP deflator are not constant and differ according to the production level of each good and services in the country. Due to these changes in consumption patterns or the introduction of new goods and services or structural transformation are automatically reflected in the deflator which is not the case with other inflation measures. |
“The decrease in money supply in the economy could not control the food inflation as increase in price was caused by skewed MSP policy, distortion caused by APMC acts and inadequate cold storage facilities.”
Which type of inflation best describes the situation given above?
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
Consider the following differences between core and headline inflation:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Core Inflation, also known as underlying inflation, is a measure of inflation which excludes items that face volatile price movement, notably food and energy. It is nothing but Headline Inflation minus inflation that is contributed by food and energy commodities. |
Unlike core inflation, headline inflation also takes into account changes in the price of food and energy. Since food and energy prices are highly volatile, headline inflation fluctuates more and may not give an accurate picture of how an economy is behaving. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Core Inflation, also known as underlying inflation, is a measure of inflation which excludes items that face volatile price movement, notably food and energy. It is nothing but Headline Inflation minus inflation that is contributed by food and energy commodities. |
Unlike core inflation, headline inflation also takes into account changes in the price of food and energy. Since food and energy prices are highly volatile, headline inflation fluctuates more and may not give an accurate picture of how an economy is behaving. |
Which of the following actions can be taken to combat inflationary pressures in an economy?
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Incorrect |
Curtailing government expenditure would lead to decrease in fiscal deficit and thus combating inflation. |
When interest rates are low, individuals and businesses tend to demand more loans. Each bank loan increases the money supply in a fractional reserve banking system. A growing money supply increases inflation. Thus, a low interest rate tends to result in more inflation. |
Decreasing taxation rates and giving tax exemptions will increase the money supply in markets and will lead to demand-pull inflation. Hence the increase in tax rates is necessary to fight inflation. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Incorrect |
Curtailing government expenditure would lead to decrease in fiscal deficit and thus combating inflation. |
When interest rates are low, individuals and businesses tend to demand more loans. Each bank loan increases the money supply in a fractional reserve banking system. A growing money supply increases inflation. Thus, a low interest rate tends to result in more inflation. |
Decreasing taxation rates and giving tax exemptions will increase the money supply in markets and will lead to demand-pull inflation. Hence the increase in tax rates is necessary to fight inflation. |
With reference to the economic critique of British rule, consider the following pairs:
Personality Work
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Incorrect |
Dadabhai Naoroji wrote the book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’. It discussed how the government was destructive and despotic to the Indians and un-British and suicidal to Britain.
|
Rajani Palme Dutt, generally known as R. P. Dutt, was a leading journalist and theoretician in the Communist Party of Great Britain. His classic book “India Today” heralded Marxist approach in Indian historiography. | Romesh Chunder Dutt CIE was an Indian civil servant, economic historian, writer and translator of Ramayana and Mahabharata. Dutt is considered a national leader of the pre-Gandhian era, and was a contemporary of Dadabhai Naoroji and Justice Ranade. He was one of the prominent proponents of Indian economic nationalism. He wrote the book, “Economic History of India.” |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 |
Statement 2 |
Statement 3 |
Correct |
Incorrect |
Incorrect |
Dadabhai Naoroji wrote the book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’. It discussed how the government was destructive and despotic to the Indians and un-British and suicidal to Britain.
|
Rajani Palme Dutt, generally known as R. P. Dutt, was a leading journalist and theoretician in the Communist Party of Great Britain. His classic book “India Today” heralded Marxist approach in Indian historiography. | Romesh Chunder Dutt CIE was an Indian civil servant, economic historian, writer and translator of Ramayana and Mahabharata. Dutt is considered a national leader of the pre-Gandhian era, and was a contemporary of Dadabhai Naoroji and Justice Ranade. He was one of the prominent proponents of Indian economic nationalism. He wrote the book, “Economic History of India.” |
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
Types of Inflation Meaning
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Solution (b)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement |
Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
Creeping or mild inflation is when prices rise 3 per cent a year or less. | Galloping inflation is one that develops at a rapid pace, perhaps only for a brief period. Such form of inflation is dangerous for the economy as it mostly affects the middle and low-income classes of population. Importantly, the galloping inflation can precipitate an economic depression. | Core inflation is a measure of inflation that excludes certain items that face volatile price movements (like food and energy) because in finding out the legitimate long run inflation, short-term price volatility and transitory changes in price must be removed. Core inflation reflects the long-term trend in a particular price level. | Disinflation is a decrease in the rate of inflation – a slowdown in the rate of increase of the general price level of goods and services in a nation’s gross domestic product over time. It is the opposite of reflation. Disinflation occurs when the increase in the “consumer price level” slows down from the previous period when the prices were rising. |
Solution (b)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement |
Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
Creeping or mild inflation is when prices rise 3 per cent a year or less. | Galloping inflation is one that develops at a rapid pace, perhaps only for a brief period. Such form of inflation is dangerous for the economy as it mostly affects the middle and low-income classes of population. Importantly, the galloping inflation can precipitate an economic depression. | Core inflation is a measure of inflation that excludes certain items that face volatile price movements (like food and energy) because in finding out the legitimate long run inflation, short-term price volatility and transitory changes in price must be removed. Core inflation reflects the long-term trend in a particular price level. | Disinflation is a decrease in the rate of inflation – a slowdown in the rate of increase of the general price level of goods and services in a nation’s gross domestic product over time. It is the opposite of reflation. Disinflation occurs when the increase in the “consumer price level” slows down from the previous period when the prices were rising. |
Consider the following statements with reference to the ‘Cost-Push Inflation’
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Incorrect |
Cost-push inflation is inflation caused by an increase in prices of inputs like labor, raw material, etc. The increased price of the factors of production leads to a decreased supply of these goods. While the demand remains constant, the prices of commodities increase causing a rise in the overall price level. This is in essence cost-push inflation. In this case, the overall price level increases due to higher costs of production which reflects in terms of increased prices of goods and commodities which majorly use these inputs. This is inflation triggered from the supply-side i.e. because of less supply. The opposite effect of this is called demand-pull inflation where higher demand triggers inflation. | Apart from the rise in prices of inputs, there could be other factors leading to supply-side inflation such as natural disasters, global pandemics such as COVID-19 or depletion of natural resources, monopoly, government regulation or taxation, change in exchange rates, etc. Generally, cost-push inflation may occur in the case of an inelastic demand curve where the demand cannot be easily adjusted according to rising prices.
• Recently the global pandemic of COVID-19 acted as a double-sided sword wherein India witnessed a cost-push as well as Demand-Pull inflation. The mass exodus of migrant laborers from industrial belts led to a decreased supply of manpower and thus leading to reduced production. • Demand-pull inflation is an indicator of a growing economy as when consumers feel confident, they spend more and take on more debt. This leads to a steady increase in demand, which means higher prices. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Incorrect |
Cost-push inflation is inflation caused by an increase in prices of inputs like labor, raw material, etc. The increased price of the factors of production leads to a decreased supply of these goods. While the demand remains constant, the prices of commodities increase causing a rise in the overall price level. This is in essence cost-push inflation. In this case, the overall price level increases due to higher costs of production which reflects in terms of increased prices of goods and commodities which majorly use these inputs. This is inflation triggered from the supply-side i.e. because of less supply. The opposite effect of this is called demand-pull inflation where higher demand triggers inflation. | Apart from the rise in prices of inputs, there could be other factors leading to supply-side inflation such as natural disasters, global pandemics such as COVID-19 or depletion of natural resources, monopoly, government regulation or taxation, change in exchange rates, etc. Generally, cost-push inflation may occur in the case of an inelastic demand curve where the demand cannot be easily adjusted according to rising prices.
• Recently the global pandemic of COVID-19 acted as a double-sided sword wherein India witnessed a cost-push as well as Demand-Pull inflation. The mass exodus of migrant laborers from industrial belts led to a decreased supply of manpower and thus leading to reduced production. • Demand-pull inflation is an indicator of a growing economy as when consumers feel confident, they spend more and take on more debt. This leads to a steady increase in demand, which means higher prices. |
Which of the following statements is/are correct about ‘GDP Deflator’?
Select the correct answer using the code given below
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Incorrect |
The GDP deflator is a broad and comprehensive measure of Inflation. WPI and CPI are available on a monthly basis whereas the deflator comes with a lag (yearly or quarterly, after quarterly GDP data is released). Hence, the monthly change in inflation cannot be tracked using the GDP deflator limiting its usefulness. | Unlike other price indexes, the GDP deflator is not based on a fixed basket of goods and services. It covers the whole economy. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Incorrect |
The GDP deflator is a broad and comprehensive measure of Inflation. WPI and CPI are available on a monthly basis whereas the deflator comes with a lag (yearly or quarterly, after quarterly GDP data is released). Hence, the monthly change in inflation cannot be tracked using the GDP deflator limiting its usefulness. | Unlike other price indexes, the GDP deflator is not based on a fixed basket of goods and services. It covers the whole economy. |
Which of the following can be grouped under Economic Activities?
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (d)
For economic activities, a financial transaction needs to be done for work done by a person.
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Incorrect | Incorrect | Incorrect |
For economic activities, a financial transaction needed to be done for work done by a person. | Money is not paid for the work done by students. It is a charity. | Philanthropists giving out charity to NGOs. Money is not earned, it’s a charity. It cannot be grouped under economic activity. |
Solution (d)
For economic activities, a financial transaction needs to be done for work done by a person.
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Incorrect | Incorrect | Incorrect |
For economic activities, a financial transaction needed to be done for work done by a person. | Money is not paid for the work done by students. It is a charity. | Philanthropists giving out charity to NGOs. Money is not earned, it’s a charity. It cannot be grouped under economic activity. |
Consider the following pairs
List I List II
How many of the above pairs is/are incorrectly matched?
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Incorrect | Incorrect | Correct |
Core inflation is the
change in prices of goods and services except those from the food and energy sectors in the long run. |
Inflation premium (IP) is the chunk of interest rate which investors demand in addition to real risk-free rate due to risk of decrease in purchasing power of money due to increase in inflation. | Inflationary Spiral is a situation in which prices increase, then people are paid more in their jobs, which then causes the price of goods and services to increase again, and so on. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Incorrect | Incorrect | Correct |
Core inflation is the
change in prices of goods and services except those from the food and energy sectors in the long run. |
Inflation premium (IP) is the chunk of interest rate which investors demand in addition to real risk-free rate due to risk of decrease in purchasing power of money due to increase in inflation. | Inflationary Spiral is a situation in which prices increase, then people are paid more in their jobs, which then causes the price of goods and services to increase again, and so on. |
With reference to the Hindu Growth rate, consider the following statements:
Which of the above statement is/are incorrect?
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Correct |
The Hindu rate of growth is a term referring to the low annual growth rate of the planned economy of India before the liberalizations of 1991, which stagnated around 3.5% from the 1950s to 1980s, while per capita income growth averaged 1.3%. | The term was coined by Indian economist Raj Krishna. It suggests that the low growth rate of India, a country with a mostly Hindu population was in sharp contrast to high growth rates in other Asian countries, especially the East Asian Tigers, which were also newly independent. |
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Correct |
The Hindu rate of growth is a term referring to the low annual growth rate of the planned economy of India before the liberalizations of 1991, which stagnated around 3.5% from the 1950s to 1980s, while per capita income growth averaged 1.3%. | The term was coined by Indian economist Raj Krishna. It suggests that the low growth rate of India, a country with a mostly Hindu population was in sharp contrast to high growth rates in other Asian countries, especially the East Asian Tigers, which were also newly independent. |
Consider the following statements:
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Incorrect |
Consumer Price Index (CPI) does not represent all the goods that are produced in a country. GDP deflator takes into account all such goods and services. | The consumer Price Index includes prices of goods consumed by the representative consumer hence it includes prices of imported goods. GDP deflator does not include prices of imported goods. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Incorrect |
Consumer Price Index (CPI) does not represent all the goods that are produced in a country. GDP deflator takes into account all such goods and services. | The consumer Price Index includes prices of goods consumed by the representative consumer hence it includes prices of imported goods. GDP deflator does not include prices of imported goods. |
With reference to inflation in India, which of the following statements is correct?
Solution (c)
Mainly the Reserve Bank of India controls inflation through monetary policies.
The monetary policies are controlled by increasing and decreasing bank rates, repo rates, cash reserve ratio, regulating the money supply.
During the high inflation period, the government can reduce the spending to decrease the money circulation in the country. Therefore, decreased money circulation helps in controlling inflation.
Solution (c)
Mainly the Reserve Bank of India controls inflation through monetary policies.
The monetary policies are controlled by increasing and decreasing bank rates, repo rates, cash reserve ratio, regulating the money supply.
During the high inflation period, the government can reduce the spending to decrease the money circulation in the country. Therefore, decreased money circulation helps in controlling inflation.
Which of the following brings out the ‘Consumer Price Index for Industrial Workers’?
Solution (c)
The Labour Bureau brings out the ‘Consumer Price Index Number for Industrial Workers’.
Consumer Price Index Numbers for Industrial Workers is designed to measure a change over time in prices of a given basket of goods and services consumed by a defined population (i.e. Industrial Workers).
Solution (c)
The Labour Bureau brings out the ‘Consumer Price Index Number for Industrial Workers’.
Consumer Price Index Numbers for Industrial Workers is designed to measure a change over time in prices of a given basket of goods and services consumed by a defined population (i.e. Industrial Workers).
Consider the following statements:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Solution (b)
Consider the following statements about the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles in India (FAME)
Choose the correct code:
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
Consider the following statements about the Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development (AIBD)
Choose the correct code:
Solution (a)
Solution (a)
Consider the following statements about the Digital India Act of 2023
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
requirements for wearable devices used in retail sales. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
Solution (b)
requirements for wearable devices used in retail sales. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
Consider the following statements about Asian Wild Dogs
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (a)
Solution (a)
Consider the following statements about Dengue
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Solution (b)
Consider the following statements about the Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF)
Choose the correct code:
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
‘White Torture: Interviews with Iranian Women Prisoners’ is a book which has won an award for reportage at the International Film Festival and Human Rights’ Forum is written by
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
With references to India, Didwana, Kuchaman, Sargol, and Khatu are the names of
Solution (d)
Didwana, Kuchaman, Sargol, and Khatu are saline lakes of Rajasthan. Didwana is a town in the Nagaur district of Rajasthan. It has a famous Didwana salt-water lake of Rajasthan. Kuchaman lake is located in Nagaur district of Rajasthan. Hence option d is correct.
Solution (d)
Didwana, Kuchaman, Sargol, and Khatu are saline lakes of Rajasthan. Didwana is a town in the Nagaur district of Rajasthan. It has a famous Didwana salt-water lake of Rajasthan. Kuchaman lake is located in Nagaur district of Rajasthan. Hence option d is correct.
Consider the following statements about the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (a)
Solution (a)
A bag contains coins of Rs. 2 and Rs. 1 in the ratio of 5:7. If the total amount of money in the bag is Rs. 85, find the number of Rs. 2 coins in the bag?
Solution (c)
Let the nos. of Rs. 2 coins & Rs. 1 coins be 5a and 7a respectively.
Its monetary value = 5a x 2 + 7a x 1 = 10a + 7a = 17a
17a = 85
a = 5
Therefore, No. of Rs. 2 coins = 5a = 5×5=25
Solution (c)
Let the nos. of Rs. 2 coins & Rs. 1 coins be 5a and 7a respectively.
Its monetary value = 5a x 2 + 7a x 1 = 10a + 7a = 17a
17a = 85
a = 5
Therefore, No. of Rs. 2 coins = 5a = 5×5=25
Two students appeared at an examination. One of them secured 9 marks more than the other and his marks was 56% of the sum of their marks. The marks obtained by them are
Solution (c)
Let their marks be (x + 9) and x.
Then, x + 9 = 56/100(x + 9 + x)
25(x + 9) = 14(2x + 9)
3x = 99
x = 33
So, their marks are 42 and 33.
Solution (c)
Let their marks be (x + 9) and x.
Then, x + 9 = 56/100(x + 9 + x)
25(x + 9) = 14(2x + 9)
3x = 99
x = 33
So, their marks are 42 and 33.
Mr. Kanthesh distributes the money he has among his 2 sons, 1 daughter and wife in such a way that each son gets double the amount of the daughter and the wife gets double the amount of each son. If each son gets Rs. 8,500, what was the total amount distributed?
Solution (a)
2 sons get = 8500 x 2 = 17000
1 daughter gets = 8500 /2 = 4250
Wife gets = 8500 x 2 = 17000
Thus, total = 17000 + 4250 + 17000 = 38250
Solution (a)
2 sons get = 8500 x 2 = 17000
1 daughter gets = 8500 /2 = 4250
Wife gets = 8500 x 2 = 17000
Thus, total = 17000 + 4250 + 17000 = 38250
In how many different ways can the letters of the word ‘DETAIL’ be arranged in such a way that the vowels occupy only the odd positions?
Solution (c)
There are 6 letters in the given word, out of which there are 3 vowels and 3 consonants. Let us mark these positions as under: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Now, 3 vowels can be placed at any of the three places out 4, marked 1, 3, 5. Number of ways of arranging the vowels = 3P3 = 3! = 6. Also, the 3 consonants can be arranged at the remaining 3 positions.
Number of ways of these arrangements = 3P3 = 3! = 6.
Total number of ways = (6 x 6) = 36.
Solution (c)
There are 6 letters in the given word, out of which there are 3 vowels and 3 consonants. Let us mark these positions as under: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Now, 3 vowels can be placed at any of the three places out 4, marked 1, 3, 5. Number of ways of arranging the vowels = 3P3 = 3! = 6. Also, the 3 consonants can be arranged at the remaining 3 positions.
Number of ways of these arrangements = 3P3 = 3! = 6.
Total number of ways = (6 x 6) = 36.
A two-digit number is reversed and added to the original number. What will be the remainder if the resulting number is divided by 11?
Solution (a)
Let the digits of the number are x and y.
It can be written as 10x + y (e.g. 23 can be written as 2×10 + 3)
On reversing the number we get 10y + x Sum of two number = 10x + y + 10y + x = 11x + 11y = 11(x+y)
11(x+y) is always divisible by 11.
Hence it will leave remainder 0.
Conclusion – if reverse of any two digit number is added into the original number, the resultant number will always be divisible by 11.
Solution (a)
Let the digits of the number are x and y.
It can be written as 10x + y (e.g. 23 can be written as 2×10 + 3)
On reversing the number we get 10y + x Sum of two number = 10x + y + 10y + x = 11x + 11y = 11(x+y)
11(x+y) is always divisible by 11.
Hence it will leave remainder 0.
Conclusion – if reverse of any two digit number is added into the original number, the resultant number will always be divisible by 11.
All the Best
IASbaba