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The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2023 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2022.
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Consider the following:
Which of the following soils satisfies the above features?
Solution (a)
Alluvial soil
This soil is well-drained and poorly drained with an immature profile in undulating areas. This soil has a phosphorous deficiency and is rich in potash and lime. It is present in Lower Ganga valley. The colour of soil varies from light grey to ash grey. This soil is suited for Rice, maize, wheat, sugarcane, oilseeds, etc.
Solution (a)
Alluvial soil
This soil is well-drained and poorly drained with an immature profile in undulating areas. This soil has a phosphorous deficiency and is rich in potash and lime. It is present in Lower Ganga valley. The colour of soil varies from light grey to ash grey. This soil is suited for Rice, maize, wheat, sugarcane, oilseeds, etc.
Consider the following statements
Which of the following Soil best suits the description given in the above statements?
Solution (d)
Laterite Soil
Solution (d)
Laterite Soil
Arrange the following soils in descending order of their prevalence in the country.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Solution (b)
Alluvial soils are by far the largest and the most important soil group of India. Covering about 15 lakh sq km or about 45.6 per cent of the total land area of the country.
Black soils are spread over 5.46 lakh sq km i.e. 16.6 per cent of the total geographical area of the country.
Laterite and lateritic soils are widely spread in India and cover an area of 2.48 lakh sq km.
Solution (b)
Alluvial soils are by far the largest and the most important soil group of India. Covering about 15 lakh sq km or about 45.6 per cent of the total land area of the country.
Black soils are spread over 5.46 lakh sq km i.e. 16.6 per cent of the total geographical area of the country.
Laterite and lateritic soils are widely spread in India and cover an area of 2.48 lakh sq km.
Consider the following statements
Choose the correct code:
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Incorrect | Incorrect |
The Gondwana rocks are young sedimentary rocks.
After the process of weathering they give rise to comparatively less mature soils. The soil found here is more or less of uniform character but of low fertility. |
The Cuddapah rocks are ancient sedimentary rocks. After the process of weathering, they give calcareous and argillaceous soils. The soil found here is mostly devoid of metalliferous minerals. |
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Incorrect | Incorrect |
The Gondwana rocks are young sedimentary rocks.
After the process of weathering they give rise to comparatively less mature soils. The soil found here is more or less of uniform character but of low fertility. |
The Cuddapah rocks are ancient sedimentary rocks. After the process of weathering, they give calcareous and argillaceous soils. The soil found here is mostly devoid of metalliferous minerals. |
Consider the following statements about a Soil type:
Identify the soil type based on above characteristics.
Solution (d)
Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau and the upper reaches of the Godavari and the Krishna. It is also known as Regur Soil or Black Cotton Soil. It is clayey, deep and impermeable. It swells and becomes sticky when wet and shrink when dried. It has characteristics of ‘self-ploughing’. The soil retains the moisture for a very long time. They are rich in lime, iron, magnesia and alumina.
Solution (d)
Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau and the upper reaches of the Godavari and the Krishna. It is also known as Regur Soil or Black Cotton Soil. It is clayey, deep and impermeable. It swells and becomes sticky when wet and shrink when dried. It has characteristics of ‘self-ploughing’. The soil retains the moisture for a very long time. They are rich in lime, iron, magnesia and alumina.
Consider the following pairs:
Soil Layer | Region |
1. Horizon A | Topmost Zone, where organic materials get incorporated with the mineral matter |
2. Horizon E | Bedrock of the soil |
3. Horizon C | Loose/ weathered parent material. |
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Solution (a)
A (topsoil): Mostly minerals from parent material with organic matter incorporated. A good material for plants and other organisms to live.
E (eluviated): Leached of clay, minerals, and organic matter, leaving a concentration of sand and silt particles of quartz or other resistant materials – missing in some soils but often found in older soils and forest soils.
B (subsoil): Rich in minerals that leached (moved down) from the A or E horizons and accumulated here.
C (parent material): The deposit at Earth’s surface from which the soil developed.
R (bedrock): A mass of rock such as granite, basalt, quartzite, limestone or sandstone that forms the parent material for some soils – if the bedrock is close enough to the surface to weather. This is not soil and is located under the C horizon.
Solution (a)
A (topsoil): Mostly minerals from parent material with organic matter incorporated. A good material for plants and other organisms to live.
E (eluviated): Leached of clay, minerals, and organic matter, leaving a concentration of sand and silt particles of quartz or other resistant materials – missing in some soils but often found in older soils and forest soils.
B (subsoil): Rich in minerals that leached (moved down) from the A or E horizons and accumulated here.
C (parent material): The deposit at Earth’s surface from which the soil developed.
R (bedrock): A mass of rock such as granite, basalt, quartzite, limestone or sandstone that forms the parent material for some soils – if the bedrock is close enough to the surface to weather. This is not soil and is located under the C horizon.
Which of the below given pairs is/are correctly matched?
Soil Properties
Choose the correct code:
Solution (b)
Match 1 | Match 2 | Match 3 | Match 4 |
Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
Red soils are red in color and are due to presence of iron oxide and are not Calcareous.
They are acidic mainly due to the parent rock. |
Alkali, or Alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. | Kaolinite is a clay mineral is the weathering product of feldspars | Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. |
Solution (b)
Match 1 | Match 2 | Match 3 | Match 4 |
Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
Red soils are red in color and are due to presence of iron oxide and are not Calcareous.
They are acidic mainly due to the parent rock. |
Alkali, or Alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. | Kaolinite is a clay mineral is the weathering product of feldspars | Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. |
Consider the following statements:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
In India red soil and alluvial soil consist for more than 50% of the soil in the country.
Alluvial Soil – 40% Red Soil – 18% |
Red is mainly found in eastern and southern parts of Deccan plateau, Odisha and Chattisgarh. And the Laterite soil is found in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Madhya Pradesh. | Alluvial Soil is found in abundance in Ganga – Brahmaputra plains. |
Solution (a)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
In India red soil and alluvial soil consist for more than 50% of the soil in the country.
Alluvial Soil – 40% Red Soil – 18% |
Red is mainly found in eastern and southern parts of Deccan plateau, Odisha and Chattisgarh. And the Laterite soil is found in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Madhya Pradesh. | Alluvial Soil is found in abundance in Ganga – Brahmaputra plains. |
Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding red soils?
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
Red soil occurs mostly in eastern and southern part of Deccan Plateau. It is also found in parts of Odisha and Chhattisgarh. | It is red in colour because of the presence of iron oxides. | It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form. |
Solution (b)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
Red soil occurs mostly in eastern and southern part of Deccan Plateau. It is also found in parts of Odisha and Chhattisgarh. | It is red in colour because of the presence of iron oxides. | It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form. |
Which of the following are the reasons for division of Indo-Brahma River system into 3 branches today (i.e.Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra)?
Select the correct statements
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Correct | Correct |
Pleistocene upheaval in the western Himalayas | Uplift of the Potwar Plateau (Delhi Ridge), which acted as the water divide between the Indus and Ganga drainage systems | The down thrusting of the Malda gap area between the Rajmahal hills and the Meghalaya plateau during the mid-Pleistocene period, diverted the Ganga and the Brahmaputra systems to flow towards the Bay of Bengal |
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Correct | Correct |
Pleistocene upheaval in the western Himalayas | Uplift of the Potwar Plateau (Delhi Ridge), which acted as the water divide between the Indus and Ganga drainage systems | The down thrusting of the Malda gap area between the Rajmahal hills and the Meghalaya plateau during the mid-Pleistocene period, diverted the Ganga and the Brahmaputra systems to flow towards the Bay of Bengal |
Consider the following statements
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Correct | Incorrect |
River Luni originates from Naga hills in Aravalli range near Ajmer
|
The river has fresh water initially but by the time it reaches Barmer, the water starts to turn saline due to rich salt content of the soil. | The river Luni ends in marshy lands of Rann of Kutch. |
Solution (b)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Correct | Incorrect |
River Luni originates from Naga hills in Aravalli range near Ajmer
|
The river has fresh water initially but by the time it reaches Barmer, the water starts to turn saline due to rich salt content of the soil. | The river Luni ends in marshy lands of Rann of Kutch. |
Consider the following statements about Mahadayi/Mandovi river:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (c)
The Mahadayi/Mandovi River also known as Mahadayi or Mhadei river, is described as the lifeline of the Indian state of Goa. The river has a length of 77 kilometres (48 miles), 29 kilometres (18 miles) in Karnataka and 52 kilometres (32 miles) in Goa. It originates from a cluster of 30 springs at Bhimgad in the Western Ghats in the Belagavi district of Karnataka
Dudhsagar falls and Vajrpoha falls located on this river. The Kalasa-Banduri Nala is a project undertaken by the Government of Karnataka.
Solution (c)
The Mahadayi/Mandovi River also known as Mahadayi or Mhadei river, is described as the lifeline of the Indian state of Goa. The river has a length of 77 kilometres (48 miles), 29 kilometres (18 miles) in Karnataka and 52 kilometres (32 miles) in Goa. It originates from a cluster of 30 springs at Bhimgad in the Western Ghats in the Belagavi district of Karnataka
Dudhsagar falls and Vajrpoha falls located on this river. The Kalasa-Banduri Nala is a project undertaken by the Government of Karnataka.
West flowing rivers of peninsular India do not form deltas but form only estuaries. Which of the following reasons can be attributed to this phenomenon?
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement-1 and 2: incorrect | Statement-3: correct |
Absence of meanders and non-perennial flow of water are characteristics of Peninsular rivers, including the east flowing rivers which form deltas. | The west flowing rivers of India do not form delta because they passes through hard rocks. This means that these are devoid of sediments which are essential for formation of delta |
Solution (a)
Statement-1 and 2: incorrect | Statement-3: correct |
Absence of meanders and non-perennial flow of water are characteristics of Peninsular rivers, including the east flowing rivers which form deltas. | The west flowing rivers of India do not form delta because they passes through hard rocks. This means that these are devoid of sediments which are essential for formation of delta |
Tel, Ib, Jonk, Ong are tributaries of which of the following river?
Solution (d)
The Seonath, the Hasdeo, the Mand and the Ib joins Mahanadi from left.
The Ong, the Tel and the Jonk joins it from right.
Solution (d)
The Seonath, the Hasdeo, the Mand and the Ib joins Mahanadi from left.
The Ong, the Tel and the Jonk joins it from right.
‘River Yamuna’ passes through which of the following states?
Select the correct code:
Solution (c)
River Yamuna passes through Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi.
Solution (c)
River Yamuna passes through Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi.
Which of the following ‘Panch Prayag’s’ are correctly matched?
Choose correct option from below:
Solution (c)
The five confluences, known as the Panch Prayag, are all along the Alaknanda. They are, in downstream order:
Vishnuprayag, where the Dhauliganga joins the Alaknanda;
Nandprayag, where the Nandakini joins;
Karnaprayag, where the Pindar joins,
Rudraprayag, where the Mandakini joins;
Devprayag, where the Bhagirathi joins the Alaknanda to form the Ganges River proper.
Solution (c)
The five confluences, known as the Panch Prayag, are all along the Alaknanda. They are, in downstream order:
Vishnuprayag, where the Dhauliganga joins the Alaknanda;
Nandprayag, where the Nandakini joins;
Karnaprayag, where the Pindar joins,
Rudraprayag, where the Mandakini joins;
Devprayag, where the Bhagirathi joins the Alaknanda to form the Ganges River proper.
With reference to the Peninsular rivers, consider the following statements:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement-1: Correct | Statement-2: Incorrect |
Peninsular rivers are characterized by trellis, radial and rectangular drainage patterns while Himalayan rivers are characterized by dendritic pattern in plains | Himalayan rivers have larger catchment area than the peninsular rivers |
Solution (a)
Statement-1: Correct | Statement-2: Incorrect |
Peninsular rivers are characterized by trellis, radial and rectangular drainage patterns while Himalayan rivers are characterized by dendritic pattern in plains | Himalayan rivers have larger catchment area than the peninsular rivers |
Consider the following statements
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Incorrect | Incorrect |
The Sone originates near Amarkantak in Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh, just east of the headwater of the Narmada River, and flows north-northwest through Shahdol district in Madhya Pradesh state before turning sharply eastward where it encounters the southwest-northeast-Kaimur Range. | The Sone parallels the Kaimur hills, flowing east-northeast through Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Bihar states to join the Ganges just west of Patna. |
Solution (d)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Incorrect | Incorrect |
The Sone originates near Amarkantak in Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh, just east of the headwater of the Narmada River, and flows north-northwest through Shahdol district in Madhya Pradesh state before turning sharply eastward where it encounters the southwest-northeast-Kaimur Range. | The Sone parallels the Kaimur hills, flowing east-northeast through Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Bihar states to join the Ganges just west of Patna. |
Consider the following statements about types of Delta
How many of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Correct | Correct |
Arcuate or Fan-shaped (Curved)
This type of delta results when light depositions give rise to shallow, shifting distributaries and a general fan-shaped profile. Examples: Nile, Ganga, Indus |
Bird’s Foot Delta (Elongated) This type of delta emerges when limestone sediment deposits do not allow downward seepage of water. The distributaries seem to be flowing over projections of these deposits which appear as a bird’s foot.
Example: Mississippi River |
High-constructive deltas – Elongate and Lobate Delta Develops when fluvial action and depositional process dominate the system.
The Godavari River represents lobate delta. |
Solution (c)
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Correct | Correct |
Arcuate or Fan-shaped (Curved)
This type of delta results when light depositions give rise to shallow, shifting distributaries and a general fan-shaped profile. Examples: Nile, Ganga, Indus |
Bird’s Foot Delta (Elongated) This type of delta emerges when limestone sediment deposits do not allow downward seepage of water. The distributaries seem to be flowing over projections of these deposits which appear as a bird’s foot.
Example: Mississippi River |
High-constructive deltas – Elongate and Lobate Delta Develops when fluvial action and depositional process dominate the system.
The Godavari River represents lobate delta. |
Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?
Rivers Dams
Choose the correct code:
Solution (c)
Match 1 | Match 2 | Match 3 | Match 4 |
Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
The Uri Dam– The dam has been constructed on the river Jhelum in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
|
The Salal Dam– The dam has been constructed on the river Chenab at Dhyangarh in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
|
The Chamera Dam– The dam has been constructed on the river Ravi in Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh.
The dam fulfils the hydroelectric needs of the region.
|
The Tulbul Project– The project has been commissioned on the river Jhelum in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Wular Barrage on the Wular Lake(a Ramsar wetland site) is constructed.
|
Solution (c)
Match 1 | Match 2 | Match 3 | Match 4 |
Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
The Uri Dam– The dam has been constructed on the river Jhelum in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
|
The Salal Dam– The dam has been constructed on the river Chenab at Dhyangarh in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
|
The Chamera Dam– The dam has been constructed on the river Ravi in Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh.
The dam fulfils the hydroelectric needs of the region.
|
The Tulbul Project– The project has been commissioned on the river Jhelum in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Wular Barrage on the Wular Lake(a Ramsar wetland site) is constructed.
|
Consider the following statements:
Choose the correct code:
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
Consider the following pairs:
Volcano | Country |
|
Japan |
|
Italy |
|
Hawaii |
|
Indonesia |
How many pairs are correctly matched?
Solution (b)
Volcano | Country |
|
Indonesia |
|
Italy |
|
Hawaii |
|
Japan |
Hence option b is correct.
Solution (b)
Volcano | Country |
|
Indonesia |
|
Italy |
|
Hawaii |
|
Japan |
Hence option b is correct.
Consider the following statements about the Biodiversity Heritage Sites (BHS):
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (d)
Solution (d)
Consider the following statements about the Arsenic and Metal Removal by Indian Technology (AMRIT):
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Solution (b)
Consider the following statements about Kawal Tiger Reserve:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
Consider the following statements about the Project Q*:
Choose the correct code:
Solution (b)
Specifications | Narrow AI | General AI |
Learning ability | Narrow AI focuses on a single task under various constraints and limitations. | AGI is envisioned to have the capacity for generalization and adaptation across diverse domains. |
Operational domain | Fixed domain models provided by programmers | Self-learn and reasons with its operating environment |
Data processing | Narrow AI analyses data by using ML, Natural Language Processing, Deep Learning, and Artificial Neural Networks | General AI uses an advanced version of these technologies for analysis. |
Limitation | Limited to a single task, lacks broader intelligence | May lack depth in certain areas and have ethical concerns |
Solution (b)
Specifications | Narrow AI | General AI |
Learning ability | Narrow AI focuses on a single task under various constraints and limitations. | AGI is envisioned to have the capacity for generalization and adaptation across diverse domains. |
Operational domain | Fixed domain models provided by programmers | Self-learn and reasons with its operating environment |
Data processing | Narrow AI analyses data by using ML, Natural Language Processing, Deep Learning, and Artificial Neural Networks | General AI uses an advanced version of these technologies for analysis. |
Limitation | Limited to a single task, lacks broader intelligence | May lack depth in certain areas and have ethical concerns |
Consider the following statements about the Cyber Surakshit Bharat Initiative:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
Consider the following statements about Stonehenge:
Choose the correct code:
Solution (c)
Solution (c)
Which of the following products have obtained Geographical Indication from Meghalaya?
Choose the correct code:
Solution (c)
The following products have obtained Geographical Indication from Meghalaya
Tawlhlohpuan – Mizoram
Hence option c is correct.
Solution (c)
The following products have obtained Geographical Indication from Meghalaya
Tawlhlohpuan – Mizoram
Hence option c is correct.
Consider the following statements about the Painganga River:
How many of the above statements are correct?
Solution (b)
Solution (b)
The ratio of Adam’s age 4 years ago and Eve’s age after 4 years is 1: 1. Presently, the ratio of their ages is 4 : 3. Find the ratio between Adam’s age 4 years hence and Eve’s age 4 years ago.
Solution (c)
Currently, the ratio of their ages is 4: 3. Suppose, their ages are: 4x and 3x.
Adam’s age 4 years ago = 4x – 4
Eve’s age after 4 years = 3x + 4
The ratio of Adam’s age 4 years ago and Eve’s age after 4 years is 1: 1
Therefore, = 4x−4/(3x+4) = 1/1
Solving, we get x = 8
We are required to find the ratio between Adam’s age 4 years hence and Eve’s age 4 years ago.
Adam’s age: (4x + 4)
Eve’s age: (3x – 4)
Putting the value of x, we get: = 4x+4/ (3x−4) = [(4×8)+4] [(3×8)−4] = 9/5
So, the required ratio is 9: 5
Solution (c)
Currently, the ratio of their ages is 4: 3. Suppose, their ages are: 4x and 3x.
Adam’s age 4 years ago = 4x – 4
Eve’s age after 4 years = 3x + 4
The ratio of Adam’s age 4 years ago and Eve’s age after 4 years is 1: 1
Therefore, = 4x−4/(3x+4) = 1/1
Solving, we get x = 8
We are required to find the ratio between Adam’s age 4 years hence and Eve’s age 4 years ago.
Adam’s age: (4x + 4)
Eve’s age: (3x – 4)
Putting the value of x, we get: = 4x+4/ (3x−4) = [(4×8)+4] [(3×8)−4] = 9/5
So, the required ratio is 9: 5
There is a Hockey match of Dhyanchand tomorrow, at Motera stadium. In recent years, it has rained only 73 days each year. Unfortunately, the weatherman has predicted rain for tomorrow. When it actually rains, the weatherman correctly forecasts rain 80% of the time. When it doesn’t rain, he incorrectly forecasts rain 20% of the time. What is the probability that it will rain on the day of Dhyanchand’s Hockey match?
Solution (c)
The sample space is defined by two mutually-exclusive events – it rains or it does not rain. Additionally, a third event occurs when the weatherman predicts rain. Notation for these events appears below.
Event A1 It rains on Dhyanchand’s Hockey match.
Event A2 It does not rain on Dhyanchand’s Hockey match
Event B The weatherman predicts rain.
In terms of probabilities, we know the following: P (A1) = 73/365 = 0.2 [It rains 73 days out of the year.]
P (A2) = 292/365 = 0.8 [It does not rain 292 days out of the year.]
P (B|A1) = 0.8 [When it rains, the weatherman predicts rain 80% of the time.]
P (B|A2) = 0.2 [When it does not rain, the weatherman predicts rain 20% of the time.]
We want to know P (A1 |B), the probability it will rain on the day of Dhyanchand’s Hockey match, given a forecast for rain by the weatherman.
The answer can be determined from Bayes’ theorem, as shown below.
P(A1 |B) = [P(A1 ) P(B|A1 )] [P(A1 )P(B|A1 )+ P(A2 )P(B|A2 )]
P(A1 |B) = [0.2 × 0.8] [(0.2 × 0.8)+ (0.8 × 0.2)] = 0.2 × 0.8 2(0.2 × 0.8) = ½
Solution (c)
The sample space is defined by two mutually-exclusive events – it rains or it does not rain. Additionally, a third event occurs when the weatherman predicts rain. Notation for these events appears below.
Event A1 It rains on Dhyanchand’s Hockey match.
Event A2 It does not rain on Dhyanchand’s Hockey match
Event B The weatherman predicts rain.
In terms of probabilities, we know the following: P (A1) = 73/365 = 0.2 [It rains 73 days out of the year.]
P (A2) = 292/365 = 0.8 [It does not rain 292 days out of the year.]
P (B|A1) = 0.8 [When it rains, the weatherman predicts rain 80% of the time.]
P (B|A2) = 0.2 [When it does not rain, the weatherman predicts rain 20% of the time.]
We want to know P (A1 |B), the probability it will rain on the day of Dhyanchand’s Hockey match, given a forecast for rain by the weatherman.
The answer can be determined from Bayes’ theorem, as shown below.
P(A1 |B) = [P(A1 ) P(B|A1 )] [P(A1 )P(B|A1 )+ P(A2 )P(B|A2 )]
P(A1 |B) = [0.2 × 0.8] [(0.2 × 0.8)+ (0.8 × 0.2)] = 0.2 × 0.8 2(0.2 × 0.8) = ½
A four-digit number N is of the form XYZZ. Each letter stands for a digit. The successor of N is of the form XPQQ. The predecessor of N is of the form XYZU then the value of Z + Q + U?
Solution (b)
The above given conditions are possible only when U = 8, Z = 9 and Q = 0. Sum of these digits is 17.
Solution (b)
The above given conditions are possible only when U = 8, Z = 9 and Q = 0. Sum of these digits is 17.
Find the least value of “b” for which 67b326 is divisible by 3?
Solution (b)
The required number is b. Then, = 6+7+b+3+2+6=24+b is divisible by 3. Therefore, least value of b is 0.
Solution (b)
The required number is b. Then, = 6+7+b+3+2+6=24+b is divisible by 3. Therefore, least value of b is 0.
The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 11. If 45 is added to the number, then the digits are reversed. Find the number.
Solution (c)
Given x + y = 11………(i)
10x + y + 45 = 10y + x ……….. (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we get X = 3 and y =8
So, the number is 38.
Solution (c)
Given x + y = 11………(i)
10x + y + 45 = 10y + x ……….. (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we get X = 3 and y =8
So, the number is 38.
All the Best
IASbaba