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Topics
Financial Administration:
- Monetary and fiscal policies;
- Public borrowings and public debt Budgets – types and forms;
- Budgetary process; financial accountability;
- Accounts and audit;
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1. Budgeting is draped with trappings of professionalism, technology, and expertise; but it is also a system of values and politics. - Wildavsky; Comment. 15 marks (250 words)
2. How is PPBS (Planning Programming Budgeting System) different from PPBE (Planning Programming Budgeting Execution)? Illustrate.
10 marks (150 words)