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Mar 17, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 17th March 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) HEATWAVE Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), there is a high probability of heatwave conditions in isolated places in Odisha during March 13-17; Jharkhand during March 14-17, and Gangetic West Bengal on March 15-17. Background: – A heatwave is basically a period of unusually high temperatures over a place. Thus, the threshold to declare a heatwave depends on the temperatures normally seen in that area in that time of the year. So what is considered a heatwave in Kerala will not be called that in Odisha. Key takeaways The India Meteorological Department (IMD) declares a heat wave based on the following temperature thresholds and deviations: Based on Absolute Temperature (Plains & Hilly Areas) Heat Wave: When the maximum temperature reaches ≥ 40°C in the plains or ≥ 30°C in hilly areas. Severe Heat Wave: When the maximum temperature reaches ≥ 47°C in the plains. Based on Temperature Departure from Normal Heat Wave: If the maximum temperature is 4.5°C to 6.4°C above the normal temperature for a given location. Severe Heat Wave: If the maximum temperature is ≥ 6.5°C above normal. For Coastal Regions A heat wave is declared when the maximum temperature reaches ≥ 37°C and is 4.5°C or more above normal. Duration Requirement : A location must experience these criteria for at least two consecutive days for IMD to declare a heat wave. Heatwaves in India occur mainly from March to June and in some cases, July. Source: Indian Express ASSAM RIFLES Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: In a development towards addressing a long-standing issue, a ceremonial transfer of land between Assam Rifles and Mizoram government took place to mark the relocation of paramilitary force from areas in the heart of Aizawl to Zokhawsang, 15 km away from the city. Background: – Assam Rifles will give 106.853 acres of land in Aizawl, while the Mizoram government has given 1305.15 acres on lease to the Assam Rifles in Zokhawsang. Mizoram CM said the transfer, “will greatly facilitate the process, freeing up valuable space and resources, that can be redirected towards the development of our city and improving the quality of life for our citizens”. Key takeaways The Assam Rifles (AR) is one of the six central armed police forces (CAPFs). The AR is tasked with maintaining law and order in the Northeast along with the Indian Army. It also guards the Indo-Myanmar border. It is the only paramilitary force with a dual control structure. While the administrative control of the force is with the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), its operational control is with the Indian Army, which is under the Ministry of Defence (MoD). Due to the dual control structure, salaries and infrastructure for the force is provided by the MHA, but the deployment, posting, transfer and deputation of the personnel is decided by the Army. All its senior ranks, from DG to IG and sector headquarters, are manned by officers from the Army. The Force is commanded by an officer of the rank of Lieutenant General of the Army. The highest HQ of the force known as the HQ Directorate General of Assam Rifles is located at Shillong. Assam Rifles is a region specific force with its operational role in the North East and therefore the HQ DGAR is also located in the East. The HQs of all other Central Para Military Forces are located at Delhi. Its recruitment, perks, promotion of its personnel and retirement policies are governed according to the rules framed by the MHA for CAPFs. Historical Evolution According to the official website of Assam Rifles, the AR came into being in 1835, as a militia called the ‘Cachar Levy’. This Force was formed to primarily protect British Tea estates and their settlements against tribal raids. 1917 – Renamed Assam Rifles in recognition of its role in World War I. World War II – Played a critical role against the Japanese advance. The post-independence role of the Assam Rifles continued to evolve, ranging from a conventional combat role during the Sino-India War in 1962, operating in foreign land as part of the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) to Sri Lanka in 1987 (Op Pawan), to a peacekeeping role in the northeastern areas of India. It remains the most awarded paramilitary force in both pre- and post-Independence India, having won a very large number of Shaurya Chakras, Kirti Chakras, Vir Chakras, Ashok Chakras, and Sena Medals. Source: Indian Express CAR T-CELL THERAPY Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Context: The clinical trial results of India’s first CAR T-cell therapy, published in The Lancet, show that it worked for nearly 73 per cent of patients. These results come from the Phase I and II trials of the therapy, where researchers assess its safety and effectiveness against a given condition. Background: This is the first clinical trial of a CAR T-cell therapy from India to be published in an international journal. The treatment developed in India is meant for patients with two types of blood cancers that affect the B cells — acute lymphoblastic leukemia and large B cell lymphomas. Key takeaways CAR T-cell therapy, or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, trains the body’s own immune cells to identify and destroy cancer cells. This treatment is designed for specific types of blood cancer and is given to patients whose cancer has either relapsed or not responded to first-line treatment. India’s drug regulator had granted approval for this therapy in 2023. It is now available at several hospitals across India, including Apollo, Fortis, Amrita and Max, among others. Given that the treatment is novel and intended for cancer patients with no other options, the regulator allowed the company — a start-up incubated in IIT Bombay called ImmunoAct — to forgo a large Phase III clinical trial to demonstrate its efficacy in a broader population. However, the company must follow up with all patients who receive the therapy for 15 years. While the response rate was found to be similar to other therapies approved across the world, there was high incidence of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis — a serious but known complication of CAR T therapies where the immune cells get uncontrollably activated leading to hyper inflammation and organ damage. For any CAR T-cell therapy, a patient’s immune T-cells are collected by filtering their blood. These cells are then engineered in a lab to add receptors that can bind with cancer cells. These cells are then multiplied and infused in the patient. Additional Information T-cells are primarily used in CAR-T cell therapy because of their pivotal role in the immune system’s response to pathogens and malignancies. These cells can be genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which are specifically designed to recognise and bind to antigens on the surface of cancer cells. Once bound, these modified T-cells can efficiently kill cancer cells. Other cells like B cells or natural killer cells also play roles in immunity but don’t have the same adaptability and memory capabilities as T cells, making them less effective for the persistent and targeted action required in CAR-T cell therapy. Source: Indian Express END-PERMIAN MASS EXTINCTION Syllabus: Prelims – ENVIRONMENT Context: The End-Permian Mass Extinction that killed 80% of life on Earth 250 million years ago may not have been quite as disastrous for plants, new fossils hint. Scientists have identified a refuge in China where it seems that plants weathered the planet’s worst die-off. Background: – The end-Permian extinction is particularly interesting to scientists because it was driven by greenhouse gases, much like climate change today. The situation was far more extreme then: The polar ice caps melted completely — a situation that would cause sea levels to rise a staggering 230 feet (70 meters) today. Key takeaways The End-Permian Mass Extinction, also known as “The Great Dying”, is considered the most severe extinction event in Earth’s history. Occurring approximately 252 million years ago, it marked the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geological periods. This event led to the extinction of about 90% of all species, including 95% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial species. The exact causes are still debated, but several factors likely contributed: Siberian Traps Volcanism: Massive volcanic eruptions in what is now Siberia released enormous amounts of lava and greenhouse gases (CO₂ and methane). This led to global warming, ocean acidification, and environmental disruption. Climate Change: The release of greenhouse gases caused a dramatic increase in global temperatures, possibly by 8-10°C. This disrupted ecosystems and made many habitats uninhabitable. Ocean Anoxia: Warming oceans and changes in circulation led to widespread oxygen depletion in marine environments. This caused the collapse of marine ecosystems. Methane Hydrate Release: Warming may have triggered the release of methane hydrates from ocean sediments, further exacerbating global warming. Ozone Depletion: Volcanic emissions may have damaged the ozone layer, exposing life to harmful ultraviolet radiation. The recovery of ecosystems after the extinction was slow, taking 5-10 million years. The survivors, including early dinosaurs, mammals, and reptiles, diversified and eventually gave rise to new ecosystems in the Triassic Period. Source: Live Science BYRNIHAT Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: The recently released World Air Quality Report for 2024 has termed Byrnihat as the “most polluted city in the world”. Background: – The annual average PM2.5 concentration in Byrnihat was 128.2 micrograms per cubic m (µg/m3), many times the World Health Organization’s annual air quality guideline of 5 µg/m3. Key takeaways Eyrnihat is located around 20 km from Guwahati and 65 km from Shillong, in Meghalaya’s Ri-Bhoi district, where the hills of Meghalaya descend into Guwahati. Over the years, Byrnihat has developed into a regional industrial hub. The residential town is in Meghalaya, and the industrial units surrounding it are in both Meghalaya and Assam. Contributing Factors: Rapid Industrialization: The establishment of numerous industries, including coke production, cement manufacturing, ferroalloys, steel production, distilleries, and brick kilns, has led to increased emissions. The availability of coal reserves in Meghalaya and proximity to Guwahati have attracted these industries. Unregulated Emissions: Many industrial units have been found operating without proper pollution control measures. Inspections revealed non-operation of pollution control devices and ineffective emission management. Vehicular Emissions: Byrnihat serves as a major transit hub, resulting in significant vehicular pollution. Heavy diesel vehicles, often not complying with norms, contribute to elevated levels of pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, and sulfur dioxide. Topographical Factors: The “bowl-like” topography of the region, with surrounding hills, inhibits the dispersion of air pollutants, exacerbating pollution levels. Source: India Today Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.) Consider the following statements regarding CAR T-Cell Therapy: It is mainly used for treating solid tumors like lung and breast cancer. In this therapy, a patient’s T-cells are genetically modified to attack cancer cells. India’s first CAR T-cell therapy was developed by AIIMS, New Delhi. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3 Q2.) With reference to the End-Permian Mass Extinction, consider the following causes: Large-scale volcanic eruptions. Sudden increase in oxygen levels in the oceans. Release of greenhouse gases, leading to global warming. Methane hydrate release from ocean sediments. Which of the above factors contributed to the End-Permian Mass Extinction? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 1, 3, and 4 only (c) 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4 Q3.) Consider the following factors contributing to Byrnihat’s air pollution crisis: Presence of heavy industries such as coke production, cement manufacturing, and steel production. Unregulated emissions due to the ineffective use of pollution control devices. The town’s strategic location as a transit hub for heavy diesel vehicles. High levels of deforestation in Sikkim. Which of the factors mentioned above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2, and 3 only (c) 2, 3, and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4 Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR 15th March – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – d Q.2) – a Q.3) – a

Mar 17, 2025 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2025 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 15th March 2025

The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don’t forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 After completing the 5 questions, click on ‘View Questions’ to check your score, time taken, and solutions. .To take the Test Click Here

Mar 17, 2025 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2025 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 14th March 2025

The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don’t forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 After completing the 5 questions, click on ‘View Questions’ to check your score, time taken, and solutions. .To take the Test Click Here

Mar 17, 2025 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2025 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 17th March 2025

The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don’t forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 After completing the 5 questions, click on ‘View Questions’ to check your score, time taken, and solutions. .To take the Test Click Here

Mar 15, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 15th March 2025 IASbaba March 15, 2025 0

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) LAWS GOVERNING IMPORT OF GOLD Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: A Special Court of Economic Offences in Bengaluru rejected the bail plea of Kannada actor Ranya Rao, who was arrested for allegedly smuggling over 14 kilograms of gold on a flight from Dubai to Bengaluru. Background: – Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) officials called it one of the biggest seizures of gold at Bengaluru airport in recent times. Key takeaways Until its repeal in 1990, the Gold (Control) Act, 1968, curbed gold imports and placed heavy restrictions on the acquisition, possession, and disposal of gold in India. However, with liberalisation in 1990s, the government modified its approach, imposing an import duty on gold. Now, gold imports are largely governed under the Customs Act, 1962, and by the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC). The customs duty for gold may differ depending on the amount of gold carried by a passenger and the duration spent abroad before traveling back to India, as per the Baggage Rules, 2016 (issued under the Customs Act). Under these rules, a man residing abroad for over a year may carry up to 20 grams of jewellery duty free (with a value cap of Rs 50,000) and a woman may similarly carry up to 40 grams (with a cap of Rs 1 lakh). The CBIC also has specific guidelines for Indian passengers returning from Dubai after residing there for over six months, allowing them to carry up to 1 kg of gold as long as the applicable customs duty is paid. In 2003, the Supreme Court held that any article imported without complying with the relevant conditions or restrictions must be considered a “prohibited good”. Such goods are liable to be confiscated under Section 111 and punished under Section 112 of the Customs Act. The punishment may include a fine of up to the value of the goods. Section 135 provides a punishment of up to 7 years imprisonment if the market price of the smuggled goods exceeds Rs. 1 lakh. Smuggling is also punishable under Section 111 (Organised Crime) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, which punishes “trafficking in illicit goods” with imprisonment of at least five years, extendable to life imprisonment. The UAPA also carries the same punishment for smuggling as a “terrorist act” under Section 15 if it causes “damage to the monetary stability of India”. Source: Indian Express DIFFERENT TYPES OF BONDS Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – ECONOMY Context: The Sovereign Green Bonds (SGrBs) in India has received a luke response. The two new SGrBs worth Rs 10,000 crore auctioned in November and January faced muted response as bonds valued at Rs 7,443 crore remained unsold. This came despite a rule change allowing NRIs and foreign portfolio investors to participate without restrictions. Background: – The government’s inability to raise adequate proceeds through bonds increases fiscal constraints. Key takeaways A bond is an instrument to borrow money. A bond could be floated/issued by a country’s government or by a company to raise funds. Since government bonds (referred to as G-secs in India, Treasury in the US, and Gilts in the UK) come with the sovereign’s guarantee, they are considered one of the safest investments. As a result, they also give the lowest returns on investment (or yield). The yield of a bond is the effective rate of return that it earns. But the rate of return is not fixed — it changes with the price of the bond. Sovereign Green Bonds Sovereign green bonds (SGrBs) are those that are issued by sovereign entities, like the Government of India, which formulated a framework for issuing such bonds in 2022. The framework defines “green projects” as those that encourage energy efficiency in resource utilisation, reduce carbon emissions, promote climate resilience, and improve natural ecosystems. Masala Bonds Masala Bonds are rupee-denominated bonds i.e. the funds would be raised from the overseas market in Indian rupees. According to RBI, any corporate, body corporate, and Indian bank is eligible to issue rupee-denominated bonds overseas. Advantages of Masala Bonds : Lower Cost of Borrowing: Interest rates may be lower compared to domestic borrowing. Diversification of Funding Sources: Enables Indian companies to access global capital markets. Boosts Rupee Internationalization: Encourages wider acceptance of the Indian rupee in global finance. Foreign Investors Bear Currency Risk: If the rupee depreciates, investors receive fewer dollars upon conversion, making it riskier for them. Social Impact Bonds Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) are innovative financial instruments designed to fund social programs through a results-based approach. Unlike traditional bonds, SIBs do not provide fixed returns to investors. Instead, returns are linked to the achievement of predefined social outcomes (e.g., reducing unemployment, improving public health, or enhancing education). How SIBs Work? Government/Authority Identifies a Social Issue: A government or public sector entity defines a social problem that needs intervention. Investors Provide Upfront Capital: Private investors or philanthropic organizations fund the project. Service Providers Implement the Program: Non-profits or social enterprises execute interventions to achieve the desired impact. Independent Evaluation: Third-party assessors measure the project’s success based on pre-agreed metrics. Outcome-Based Repayment: If the project meets its goals, the government repays investors with a return. If the project fails, investors may lose part or all of their investment. Key Features Pay-for-Success Model: Government pays only if the intervention achieves measurable results. Risk Transfer: Shifts financial risk from the public sector to private investors. Encourages Innovation: Service providers have flexibility in implementing evidence-based solutions. Examples of Social Impact Bonds : India’s Educate Girls Development Impact Bond (2015): Focused on improving girls’ education in Rajasthan. Source: Indian Express CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS (CMES) Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Context: Scientists from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) have reported observations of a flareless coronal mass ejection (CME) from the solar atmosphere with the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) instrument onboard Aditya-L1 mission. Background: The Aditya-L1 mission is India’s first scientific mission dedicated to studying the sun. Key takeaways Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are massive bursts of solar plasma and magnetic fields ejected from the Sun’s corona into space. They are often associated with solar flares and can have significant effects on Earth’s magnetosphere. Causes of CMEs: Intense magnetic field activity in the Sun’s corona. Reconnection of magnetic field lines leading to explosive energy release. Increased solar activity, particularly during solar maximum (the peak of the Sun’s 11-year solar cycle). Impact of CMEs on Earth: Geomagnetic Storms: When CMEs interact with Earth’s magnetosphere, they can cause geomagnetic storms, leading to disturbances in satellite communications and GPS signals. Auroras: High-energy charged particles from CMEs interact with Earth’s atmosphere, creating bright auroras (Northern and Southern Lights). Disruptions in Power Grids & Communication: Intense CMEs can induce electric currents in power grids, potentially causing large-scale blackouts. Radio communications, especially HF (High Frequency) bands, can experience disruptions. Satellite Damage: CMEs can increase the radiation exposure of satellites, leading to malfunctions or permanent damage. Health Risks to Astronauts: Increased radiation exposure from CMEs poses health risks to astronauts in space. Source: The Hindu UN80 INITIATIVE Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has announced the ‘UN80 Initiative’. Background: – While announcing the initiative, Mr. Guterres said that the world is facing challenges on every front. He also voiced concern over shrinking resources and liquidity crisis amid an environment of uncertainty and unpredictability. Key takeaways The UN80 Initiative is a comprehensive reform program launched by United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres as the organization approaches its 80th anniversary. This initiative aims to enhance the UN’s efficiency, effectiveness, and responsiveness to global challenges. Key Objectives of the UN80 Initiative: Identify Inefficiencies and Improvements: Rapidly pinpoint areas where the UN can optimize its operations to work more effectively. Review Implementation of Mandates: Thoroughly assess how mandates from member states are executed, especially given their significant increase in recent years. Strategic Structural Review: Conduct a comprehensive evaluation to implement deeper structural changes and realign programs within the UN System. Rationale Behind the Initiative: The UN faces multiple challenges, including escalating conflicts, persistent poverty, human rights violations, and the rapid advancement of unregulated technologies like artificial intelligence. The UN has been grappling with a liquidity crisis for at least the past seven years, primarily because not all member states pay their dues in full or on time. Leadership and Implementation: The UN80 Initiative will be spearheaded by Under-Secretary-General for Policy, Guy Ryder, leading a task force comprising top officials from across the UN system. The initiative encompasses all UN entities, including those based in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. Source: News On Air UN CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT (UNCTAD) Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: Global cooperation and balanced policies are critical to preventing economic fragmentation and safeguarding long-term growth amid growing trade uncertainty, the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has said. Background: – Coming even as tariff wars look set to intensify in the face of proposed reciprocal tariffs by the U.S., the UNCTAD report said world trade saw record expansion to $33 trillion in 2024. Key takeaways Established: 1964 Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland Parent Organization: United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) India is a founding member and benefits from UNCTAD’s trade and investment research. Functions & Role Assists developing nations in integrating into the global economy. Provides policy advice, technical assistance, and research on trade and development issues. Publishes key reports like: Trade and Development Report World Investment Report Technology and Innovation Report Digital Economy Report Focuses on issues like trade policies, investment flows, economic inequality, digital economy, and debt sustainability. Key Initiatives Global System of Trade Preferences (GSTP): It is a preferential trade agreement, currently encompassing 42 members signed in 1988 with the aim of increasing trade between developing countries. It was negotiated within the framework of UNCTAD. eTrade for All Initiative: Supports digital trade in developing countries. Creative Economy Programme: Encourages cultural and creative industries. Source: The Hindu Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.) With reference to Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), consider the following statements: CMEs are massive eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun’s corona. CMEs travel at speeds up to 3,000 kilometers per second and can impact Earth’s magnetosphere. The Aditya-L1 mission has been designed specifically to study the Sun and its CMEs, with the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) playing a key role. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3 Q2.) Which of the following correctly describes the UN80 Initiative? (a) A United Nations effort to reform its internal structures and improve operational efficiency as it approaches its 80th anniversary. (b) A global economic cooperation framework aimed at strengthening trade among developing nations. (c) A UN Security Council initiative for peacekeeping and conflict resolution worldwide. (d) A new climate agreement focusing on carbon neutrality by 2080. Q3.) Consider the following statements regarding UNCTAD: UNCTAD is a permanent intergovernmental body of the United Nations established to promote international trade and economic development. It publishes the annual “World Economic Outlook” report. Its headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2, and 3 Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR 14th March – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – b Q.2) – b Q.3) – b

Mar 15, 2025 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series

[DAY 6] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 – ENVIRONMENT, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

Mar 14, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 14th March 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) POLICIES OF DONALD TRUMP Syllabus: Mains – GS 2 Context: During his campaign, Donald Trump promised a new era of prosperity. Now, two months into his presidency, he cautions that lowering prices will be challenging and warns of short-term disruptions before restoring wealth to the U.S. Background: – A chorus of economic analysts have warned in recent days that the risks of recession due to Trump’s policies are rising. Key takeaways Threatening/imposing import tariffs Trump has threatened import tariffs on all countries. Tariffs will most likely raise prices that US consumers pay. This will both raise inflation (the rate at which the general price level rises over the past year) and hit affordability (which takes into account the cumulative effect of all past inflations). Tariffs will also hit US firms as their import costs will go up, meaning they will not be able to produce in a cost-effective manner. Canada, the European Union, and China all are retaliating with their own tariffs. This will also hit the demand for US goods, and thus ultimately harm US producers. Threatening to expand us territory Trump has repeatedly threatened to expand American territory by including sovereign countries as new “states” in the union. For example, Canada and Greenland. Such rhetoric has made all countries aware of an imperialist US. This extinguishes co-operation and trust built over decades, and blows away the US reputation as the global protector of national sovereignty and democratic values. Backtracking on security guarantees The White House’s backtracking on US security guarantees to allies — through NATO and other ways — has alarmed many. Trump’s treatment of Ukraine President and his decision to withhold military intelligence in the middle of a war with Russia was unprecedented. The bottom line is that Trump’s stance has made the United States’ long-standing allies reconsider if Washington can be trusted anymore. Cutting government spending Trump aims to reduce the federal workforce and cut government spending by eliminating programs and even entire departments. A big reason for American exceptionalism, especially after the Global Crisis of 2008 and the Covid, has been the big spending by US governments, fuelled by a loose monetary policy where the US printed money to fuel demand. (The US could do so because the US dollar is trusted and used the world over.) The government used this money to expand its welfare programmes. Thus, a sudden and sharp cut in government spending could take away the impetus it was providing to domestic demand and growth. Deporting illegal immigrants Donald Trump has amped up action against illegal immigrants, deporting thousands. If millions are pulled out of the workforce over a short period, it can raise labour constraints. US producers may find that wages costs have risen far in excess of their ability to pass on the cost to their buyers. Cutting taxes, initiating deregulation Trump is in favour of cutting taxes, as well initiating massive deregulation. The fact is that the fiscal room for providing tax relief can only happen when the existing spending comes down sharply, otherwise the deficit will continue to balloon. Over the decades, the US had built up regulations that aimed at providing safeguards for consumers and establishing guardrails against corporate malfeasance. Deregulation can then also lead to adverse impacts on the average consumer. Source: Indian Express GREAT NICOBAR ISLAND PROJECT Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: During the ongoing Rajya Sabha session Union Tribal Affairs Minister Jual Oram said that the government has not received any information about objections to the Great Nicobar Infrastructure project. Background: – The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) infrastructure project was conceived by NITI Aayog and launched in 2021. Key takeaways The Great Nicobar Island Development Project is a significant infrastructure initiative by the Government of India, aiming to transform the southern tip of Great Nicobar Island into a strategic hub for commerce, tourism, and defense. Key plans in the project include the construction of an International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT), a greenfield international airport with a peak hour capacity to handle 4,000 passengers, a township, and a gas and solar-based power plant. The project is being implemented by the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation (ANIIDCO). It aligns with India’s Maritime Vision 2030 and is one of the key projects under the Amrit Kaal Vision 2047. It also gives an opportunity to leverage the strategic location of the island, which is roughly equidistant from Colombo in Sri Lanka to the southwest and Port Klang (Malaysia) and Singapore to the southeast. Additional Information – About Andaman & Nicobar The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a cluster of 836 islands, split into two groups — the Andaman Islands to the north and the Nicobar Islands to the south — by the 150-km wide Ten Degree Channel. Great Nicobar is the southernmost and largest of the Nicobar Islands, a sparsely inhabited 910-sq-km patch of mainly tropical rainforest in the southeastern Bay of Bengal. Indira Point on the island, India’s southernmost point, is only 90 nautical miles (less than 170 km) from Sabang at the northern tip of Sumatra, the largest island of the Indonesian archipelago. Great Nicobar has two national parks (Campbell Bay National Park and Galathea National Park), a biosphere reserve (Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve ), small populations of the Shompen and Nicobarese tribal peoples, and a few thousand non-tribal settlers. Source: Indian Express INDIAS CHOICE BETWEEN PROGRESS AND PAROCHIALISM Syllabus: Mains – GS 2 Context: India stands at a critical juncture, caught between the anvil of technological disruption and the hammer of cultural nationalism. While the Union government champions economic independence and global technological leadership – its linguistic policies risk undermining these ambitions. Background: The call by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) chief recently to reject English, western attire, and customs – echoed by Maharashtra’s push for Marathi use/promotion to be mandatory in government offices – reveals a deepening crisis. Key takeaways English, one of India’s official languages, and also the de-facto medium of higher education, remains accessible to just 10% of Indians. This staggering disparity is not incidental but also a product of political choices, creating two divergent tracks: privileged private-school students ride the wave of globalisation, while 65% of India’s children in government schools remain shackled by linguistic nationalism. Global Best Practices: English as Economic Infrastructure While India debates language as identity, Asian peers treat English as economic infrastructure. China, South Korea, and Vietnam now prioritise English proficiency as a mass skill. China’s mandate, in 2001, to teach English from primary school catalysed its shift from a low-value manufacturing economy to a dominant driver in the tech-driven economy. The Gaokao, China’s national college entrance exam, includes a mandatory 150-point English section, highlighting its role in human capital development. As the BRI expanded China’s global infrastructure footprint, English became critical for diplomats, engineers and project managers interfacing with 140-plus partner nations. State media now explicitly links English proficiency to “telling China’s story well”, transforming the language from a colonial relic to a soft power tool. AI and the Future of Employment A recent NITI Aayog report highlights English proficiency as a major barrier to employment. The Future of Jobs Report 2025 from the World Economic Forum underscores English’s non-negotiable role: 86% of employers cite Al and data analytics as primary growth drivers, fields where English dominates research, patents, and collaboration. In advanced manufacturing, English enables a navigation of global supply chains, technical manuals, and Al-driven machinery. Kerala’s Model: A Success Story and the Countdown to 2047 Kerala teaches Malayalam and English from Class 1, ensuring linguistic coexistence and economic mobility. The Results: Higher STEM enrolment, employment prospects, and global adaptability. By 2050, India will constitute 23% of the global workforce. Without English proficiency, India’s demographic dividend could turn into a liability. India must treat English as an economic infrastructure. The choice is not between English and regional languages but between global competitiveness and obsolescence. Source: The Hindu NATIONAL QUANTUM MISSION (NQM) Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: The Centre has made operational “hubs” in four leading institutions to develop quantum computer technology and earmarked funds for them. Background: – Quantum computers are a work-in-progress globally and exploit properties of the atom, which are only explainable by the principles of quantum mechanics. Key takeaways The Union Cabinet, approved the National Quantum Mission (NQM) in 2023 at a total cost of Rs.6003.65 crore from 2023-24 to 2030-31, aiming to seed, nurture and scale up scientific and industrial R&D and create a vibrant & innovative ecosystem in Quantum Technology (QT). The Mission objectives include developing : intermediate-scale quantum computers with 50-1000 physical qubits in 8 years in various platforms like superconducting and photonic technology. Satellite-based secure quantum communications between ground stations over a range of 2000 kilometers within India, long-distance secure quantum communications with other countries, inter-city quantum key distribution over 2000 km. The National Quantum Mission will focus on developing : magnetometers with high sensitivity in atomic systems and Atomic Clocks for precision timing, communications, and navigation. It will also support the design and synthesis of quantum materials such as superconductors, novel semiconductor structures, and topological materials for the fabrication of quantum devices. Single photon sources/detectors, and entangled photon sources will also be developed for quantum communications, sensing, and metrological applications. Mission Implementation includes setting up of four Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) in top academic and National R&D institutes in the domains: Quantum Computing Quantum Communication Quantum Sensing & Metrology Quantum Materials & Devices The hubs which will focus on generation of new knowledge through basic and applied research as well as promote R&D in areas that are mandated to them. Source: The Hindu APAAR ID Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: Parents and activists worry that the Ministry of Education’s Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (APAAR) ID for school students could become near impossible to opt out from, even though the programme is supposed to be voluntary. Background: – The APAAR ID system has also drawn scrutiny on data privacy and necessity grounds. Key takeaways The Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (APAAR) ID is a unique identification system designed for students in India. It is part of the “One Nation, One Student ID” initiative launched by the government, aligning with the National Education Policy (NEP) 20202. key features and benefits of the APAAR ID: Lifelong Academic Identity: Each student is assigned a unique and permanent 12-digit ID that consolidates all their academic achievements, including degrees, scholarships, awards, and other credits. Seamless Academic Mobility: The APAAR ID facilitates smooth transitions between educational levels and institutions, making it easier for students to pursue further education. Digital Repository: Students can digitally store and retrieve comprehensive academic records, achievements, and co-curricular accomplishments. Integration with DigiLocker: Links with DigiLocker, allowing students to securely store and access essential documents like exam results and academic credentials. The APAAR ID will be linked to the student’s Aadhaar number for authentication and verification. Source: The Hindu Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.) Consider the following statements regarding the Great Nicobar Island Development Project: The project is being implemented by the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation (ANIIDCO). It includes the construction of an International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT) and a greenfield international airport. The project aligns with India’s Maritime Vision 2030 and Amrit Kaal Vision 2047. Great Nicobar Island is located to the north of the Ten Degree Channel. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2, and 3 only (c) 2, 3, and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4 Q2.) With reference to the Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (APAAR) ID, consider the following statements: APAAR ID is a part of the “One Nation, One Student ID” initiative aligning with National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. It provides a unique 12-digit academic identity to students for storing academic achievements. The APAAR ID is mandatory for all school students in India. It integrates with DigiLocker for secure digital storage of academic credentials. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2, and 4 only (c) 2, 3, and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4 Q3.) What is the purpose of the APAAR ID introduced under the National Education Policy 2020? a) To provide a unique identification number for teachers b) To create a lifetime student ID for tracking academic records c) To monitor school infrastructure d) To track government scholarships Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR 13th March – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – b Q.2) – b Q.3) – d

Mar 14, 2025 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series

[DAY 5] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 – SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

Mar 13, 2025 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series

[DAY 4] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 – HISTORY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

Mar 13, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 13th March 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) THE STORY OF CHAGOS Syllabus: Prelims – CURRENT EVENT Context: Ahead of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s two-day visit to Mauritius this week, India affirmed its support for the island country’s claim over the Chagos archipelago. Background: – Chagos has long been the subject of a dispute between Mauritius and the UK, which held on to these islands for decades after granting independence to Mauritius in 1968. Key takeaways The Chagos archipelago comprises more than 60 low-lying islands in the Indian Ocean roughly 1,600 km to the northeast of the main island of Mauritius. Diego Garcia is the largest island of the Chagos Archipelago. Chagos was uninhabited for most of its history. The Portuguese used the Chagos islands as a stopover in voyages around the Cape of Good Hope to India. But it was only in the 18th century that the first permanent settlements emerged. France became the first power to officially plant its flag on Chagos. The French had earlier set up Indian Ocean colonies in Île Bourbon (now Réunion) in 1665, Isle de France (now Mauritius) in 1715, and the Seychelles in 1744. By 1786, a number of fishing settlements and coconut plantations was established. The labour for these enterprises was supplied by slaves from Mauritius, the Seychelles, Madagascar, and East Africa. In 1814, after the fall of the Napoleonic Empire, France formally ceded Mauritius, including Chagos, and the Seychelles to Britain. After Britain abolished slavery in its colonies in 1833, indentured labour from India and Malaya was brought to the plantations. The Chagossian population today traces its origins to freed African slaves, and the Indian and Malayan labourers who arrived in the 18th and 19th centuries. Under international law, they are the indigenous people of the Chagos archipelago. British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) & Diego Garcia base Mauritius became independent on March 12, 1968. But Britain kept control of Chagos. In 1965, the UK had created a new administrative entity — the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) — which included the Chagos islands from Mauritius, and the islands of Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches from the Seychelles (these were restored to the Seychelles when the country received its independence in 1976). In 1966, the UK and the US signed a secret agreement to establish a military base in Diego Garcia. In 1971, when the US began to construct the Diego Garcia base, islanders were forcibly deported to Mauritius and the Seychelles. The roughly 2,000-strong native population was expelled. The 2024 agreement In 2017, the UN General Assembly voted to ask the International Court of Justice to examine the legal status of the archipelago. The ICJ concluded that the UK is under an obligation to bring to an end its administration of the Chagos Archipelago. A deal was struck between the UK and Mauritius in 2024. Britain recognised Mauritius’ claim over all of Chagos, including Diego Garcia — however, the deal said that the UK would, for a 99-year initial period, exercise “the sovereign rights [over Diego Garcia] and authorities of Mauritius are required to ensure the continued operation of the base well into the next century”. Source: Indian Express NATIONAL BOARD FOR WILDLIFE Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – ENVIRONMENT Context: More than 10 years after assuming office, Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired his first-ever meeting of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) last week. Background: – The last full-body NBWL meeting was held on September 5, 2012, chaired by then PM Manmohan Singh. The PM is the ex officio chairman of the NBWL. Key takeaways The present-day National Board for Wildlife was created in 2003 after amending The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. The NBWL is the country’s apex body on matters of framing wildlife policy, conservation of wildlife and forests, and on giving recommendations to set up new national parks and sanctuaries. The NBWL consists of 47 members with the Prime Minister as its chairperson and the Union environment minister its vice-chairperson. The NBWL has a standing committee, to which are delegated key tasks such as appraising projects situated on forest lands inside and around national parks and sanctuaries as well as projects within 10-km of protected areas. The standing committee’s decisions are recommendatory, which the environment ministry can overrule. Why has the board recently faced criticism? Over the past decade, the NBWL has cleared several controversial projects in and around wildlife habitats. These include the Ken Betwa river linking project’s Daudhan Dam, which will submerge nearly 100 sqkm of Panna Tiger Reserve, and an oil exploration project of Vedanta in the eco-sensitive zone of the Hollongapar Gibbon sanctuary, home to the endangered Hoolock Gibbon, India’s only ape species. Also, in 2021, the Galathea Bay Sanctuary in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a nesting site of leatherback sea turtles, was denotified. After the BJP came to power in 2014, the NBWL was reconstituted. The move faced allegations of dilution of powers, as only three non-governmental members were appointed. The last standing committee of the UPA era had seven members not linked to the government — four conservation experts, and three representing non-governmental organisations. Source: Indian Express RECESSION Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – ECONOMY Context: US stocks have plunged, the constant talk of tariffs has caused uncertainty, and a survey has shown that mood among American consumers is pessimistic, even as an economic adviser to President Donald Trump has dismissed talks of a recession in the US economy. Background: At its simplest, in any economy, a recessionary phase is the counterpart of an expansionary phase. Key takeaways When the overall output of goods and services — typically measured by the GDP — increases from one quarter (or month) to another, the economy is said to be in an expansionary phase. And when the GDP contracts from one quarter to another, the economy is said to be in a recessionary phase. Together, these two phases create what is called a “business cycle” in any economy. A full business cycle could last anywhere between one year and a decade. When a recessionary phase sustains for long enough, it is called a recession. In other words, when the GDP contracts for a long enough period, the economy is said to be in a recession. There is no universally accepted definition of a recession — as in, for how long should the GDP contract before an economy is said to be in a recession. But most economists agree with the definition that the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) in the United States uses. According to NBER, “During a recession, a significant decline in economic activity spreads across the economy and can last from a few months to more than a year”. The NBER typically looks at various variables — employment, consumption etc — apart from GDP growth to arrive at a decision. It also looks at the “depth, diffusion, and duration” of decline in economic activity to determine whether an economy is in a recession or not. Economic commentators also use the word technical recession. A technical recession occurs when a country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contracts for two consecutive quarters (i.e., two successive three-month periods) Source: Indian Express OVERSEAS CITIZEN OF INDIA (OCI) Syllabus: Prelims & Mains – CURRENT EVENT Context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s presented the Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) card to his Mauritius counterpart Navinchandra Ramgoolam and termed it a “proof of friendship” between two nations. Background: – The Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) scheme was introduced in 2005 through an amendment to the Citizenship Act, 1955, to allow certain categories of foreign nationals of Indian origin to register as OCIs. Key takeaways The Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) card grants several privileges similar to Indian citizens but does not confer full citizenship. Following categories of foreign nationals are eligible for registration as Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) Cardholder – Who were citizens of India at the time of, or after, the commencement of the Indian Constitution (26 January 1950). Who were eligible to become citizens of India on 26 January 1950. Who belonged to a territory that became part of India after 15 August 1947 who is a child or a grandchild or a great grandchild of such a citizen who is a minor child of such persons mentioned above who is a minor child and whose both parents are citizens of India or one of the parents is a citizen of India Spouse of foreign origin of a citizen of India or spouse of foreign origin of an Overseas Citizen of India Cardholder (subject to certain conditions). However, no person, who or either of whose parents or grandparents or great grandparents is or had been a citizen of Pakistan, Bangladesh or such other country as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify, shall be eligible for registration as an Overseas Citizen of India Cardholder. Benefits of OCI Visa-Free Travel: OCI cardholders enjoy a multiple-entry, multipurpose lifelong visa to visit India. Residency Rights: They can live and work in India indefinitely. Economic Rights: OCI is entitled to general ‘parity with Non-Resident Indians in respect of all facilities available to them in economic, financial and educational fields except in matters relating to the acquisition of Agricultural land or Farm house or Plantation properties. Exemptions: They are exempt from registering with the Foreigners Regional Registration Office (FRRO) regardless of the duration of their stay. Restrictions on OCI No Political Rights: OCI cardholders cannot vote, hold constitutional offices (e.g., President, Vice-President, Judge of Supreme Court/High Court). The OCI Cardholder shall not be entitled for appointment to public services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or of any State except for appointment in such services and posts as the Central Government may, by special order, in that behalf, specify. No Agricultural Land: They cannot purchase agricultural or plantation properties in India. Revocation of OCI: The OCI card can be revoked if the holder violates Indian laws or engages in activities prejudicial to India’s interests. OCI vs. Dual Citizenship India does not allow dual citizenship under the Citizenship Act, 1955. OCI is not dual citizenship but a form of permanent residency with limited rights. OCI cardholders retain their foreign citizenship while enjoying certain benefits in India. Source: DD News VENTURE CAPITAL Syllabus: Prelims – ECONOMY Context: India’s venture capital (VC) market experienced a sharp resurgence in 2024, with total funding reaching $13.7 billion, marking a 1.4x increase from 2023. Background: – Several regulatory changes in 2024 created a more favourable investment environment, including the removal of the angel tax, reduction in long-term capital gains (LTCG) tax rates, streamlining of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) process, and simplification of foreign venture capital investor (FVCI) registrations. Key takeaways Venture Capital (VC) is a form of private equity financing provided to startups and small businesses that have high growth potential. It plays a crucial role in fostering innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic development by providing capital to early-stage companies. Key Features of Venture Capital High-Risk, High-Reward: Venture capital investments are risky because they are made in unproven businesses, but they offer the potential for substantial returns if the startup succeeds. Equity Stake: In exchange for funding, venture capitalists (VCs) receive an equity stake in the company. Active Involvement: VCs often provide mentorship, strategic guidance, and access to networks, in addition to funding. Stages of Funding: VC is provided at different stages, including seed funding, early-stage, and expansion-stage financing. VC funds in India are regulated by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) under the Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) Regulations, 2012. Source: Your Story Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.) Consider the following statements regarding Venture Capital (VC): Venture capital is primarily invested in well established traditional corporate firms than in startups. Venture capitalists provide funding in exchange for an equity stake in the company. Venture capital in India is regulated by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3 Q2.) With reference to Overseas Citizens of India (OCI), consider the following statements: OCI status grants individuals full citizenship rights, including voting and holding constitutional offices in India. An OCI cardholder can undertake multiple entries and lifelong visa-free travel to India. The OCI scheme was introduced through the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2005. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3 Q3.) Consider the following statements regarding the Chagos Archipelago: It is located in the Indian Ocean. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has ruled that the United Kingdom should end its administration of the Chagos Islands and return them to Mauritius. Diego Garcia, the largest island in the Chagos Archipelago, hosts a major U.S. military base. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3 Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR 12th March – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – a Q.2) – a Q.3) – a

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