Feb 13, 2023 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2023 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 13th February 2023

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :)After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutionsTo take the Test Click Here

Feb 11, 2023 IASbaba's Courses

[2 Days To Go] PRELIMS PINNACLE - Your Roadmap to Success in UPSC Prelims 2023 - Starts 13th February

PRELIMS PINNACLE Your Definite Roadmap to Success in Prelims 2023 Every successful aspirant has been through this ordeal.Late nights under the night lamp. Countless cups of chai/coffee. The fear of not even crossing the first stage of the exam. The peer pressure. The dream to fulfill their parents’ wishes — the desire to reach the top. But they did not have ONE thing that you have. IASbaba’s Prelims Pinnacle Course - 2023 If you are thinking that it is just like the n numbers of crash courses out there in the market, then you need to read this. How normal it is to make you cram 1000 different things without rest? How normal it is to make you study EVERYTHING on the planet without giving you time to absorb it? If you are thinking that it is just like the n numbers of crash courses out there in the market, then you need to read this.But luckily, those days are gone…. Although we wouldn’t like to brag we have been a differentiator here right from the beginning.If you have been following IASbaba, you must have observed something: each course we build is truly in response to our students’ wishes and requirements. The same goes for Prelims Pinnacle Course 2023. Prelims Pinnacle Course 2023: Your Definite Roadmap to Success in Prelims 2023 Prelims is near. Time is less. But let us not forget that with the right approach, one can easily hope to clear the Prelims stage. This is where we come into the picture. Let’s tell you how we are going to help you clear Prelims 2023 successfully: Comprehensive HQ Video Lectures, covering the entire prelims syllabus - Static Subjects & Current Affairs Detailed but Crisp Handouts for Easy Revision High-Quality Prelims Tests covering Static Subjects, CSAT, and Current Affairs Regular live doubt-clearing sessions by faculty Exclusive Focus on Current Affairs & CSAT If you have sincerely attempted all the tests and learned the concepts therein, your chances of success in Prelims increase manifold.And that’s what is the FIRST step to the Ladder – CRACKING PRELIMS; if you want to reach the next level. Download The Schedule Read Complete Details -> Click Here

Feb 11, 2023 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 10th February 2023

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) Quasicrystals Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Science and Technology Context: Scientists have discovered a third natural source of quasicrystals, extending the latter’s reputation for violent origins. About Quasicrystals: Quasicrystal, also called quasi-periodic crystal, matter formed atomically in a manner somewhere between the amorphous solids of glasses and the precise pattern of crystals. In quasicrystals, the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats itself at irregular, yet predictable, intervals. The American-Israeli scientist Dan Shechtman discovered quasicrystals in the lab in 1982. The first natural quasicrystal found was as microscopic grains in a fragment of the Khatyrka meteorite lying in the Koryak mountains of Russia. The second time scientists found natural quasicrystals in the remains of the Trinity test of the Manhattan Project. Recently in the Sand Hills dunes in northern Nebraska, where scientists found silicate glass which is a dodecagonal quasicrystal, rare even for quasicrystals. Three varieties: icosahedrite, decagonite and proxidecagonite. Proxidecagonite is also known as quasicrystal approximant. Icosahedrite’s crystal structure exhibited fivefold symmetry in two dimensions where the pattern repeated itself after being rotated by 72º. Icosahedrite exhibited 20-fold symmetry in three dimensions. Decagonite exhibited 10-fold symmetry by 36º They inhibit properties like electrical properties, optical properties, thermal properties, hardness, anticorrosive properties and hydrogen absorption properties. Source:  The Hindu Previous Year Questions Q.1) Consider the following statements: Other than those made by humans, nanoparticles do not exist in nature. Nanoparticles of some metallic oxides are used in the manufacture of some cosmetics. Nanoparticles of some commercial products which enter the environment are unsafe for humans. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (2022) 1 only 3 only 1 and 2 2 and 3 Q.2) Recently, scientists observed the merger of giant ‘blackholes’ billions of light-years away from the earth. What is the significance of this observation? (2019) ‘Higgs boson particles’ were detected. ‘Gravitational waves’ were detected. Possibility of intergalactic space travel through ‘wormhole’ was confirmed. It enabled the scientists to understand ‘singularity’. Grishneshwar Temple Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Art and Culture Context: Recently, Former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton visited the historic Grishneshwar temple, which is the 12th Jyotirlinga in the country. About Grishneshwar Temple: Grishneshwar Jyotirlinga Temple also known as Ghushmeshwar Temple, is one of the shrines dedicated to Lord Shiva that is referenced in the Shiva Purana. This pilgrimage site is located in Ellora (also called Verul), less than a kilometer from Ellora Caves – a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the state of Maharashtra. The temple structure was destroyed by the Delhi Sultanate in the 13th and 14th-century. It went through several rounds of rebuilding followed by re-destruction during the Mughal-Maratha conflict. It was rebuilt in the current form in the 18th century by Ahilyabai Holkar of Indore, after the fall of the Mughal Empire. Architectural design of the temple: The Grishneshwar temple is an illustration of Maratha temple architectural style and structure. It is built of red rocks and is composed of a five-tier shikara. This 240 ft x 185 ft temple is the smallest Jyotirlinga temple in India. There is a Nandi bull in the court hall. Source: The Hindu Previous Year Questions Q.1) Consider the following pairs: Site of Ashoka’s major rock edicts                      Location in the State of Dhauli                                                                        Odisha Erragudi                                                            Andhra Pradesh Jaugada                                                             Madhya Pradesh Kalsi                                                                          Karnataka How many pairs given above are correctly matched? (2022) Only one pair Only two pairs Only three pairs All four pairs Q.2) The Prime Minister recently inaugurated the new Circuit House near Somnath Temple Veraval. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Somnath Temple? (2022) Somnath Temple is one of the Jyotirlinga shrines. A description of Somnath Temple was given by Al-Biruni. Pran Pratishtha of Somnath Temple (installation of the present day temple) was done by President S. Radhakrishnan. Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1,2 and 3 Vivad se Vishwas II scheme Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Economy Context: The Budget has proposed the Vivad se Vishwas-2 scheme to settle long-pending litigation in cases where an arbitration order has been challenged in any Indian court. About Vivad se Vishwas II scheme: The Vivad Se Vishwas scheme was announced under Union Budget 2020 to reduce ongoing legal disputes under direct taxation. It is a “one-time settlement” scheme that contains a draft pact between the litigating parties to bring finality to the dispute. It is proposed to be implemented through a functionality on the Government e-Marketplace (GeM) portal. Under this scheme, the interest and penalty associated with the disputed tax amount is completely waived off. As a result, the taxpayer has to pay only the amount of disputed tax. Conditions for the one time settlement under the scheme: no state government or any other private firm is party to the case, or The dispute pertains to pending financial claims, and not any performance claims. Eligibility: Companies or entities in domestic contractual disputes with the central government and associated bodies only can seek to settle pending matters under the ‘Vivad se Vishwas II’ scheme. The scheme would apply to disputes where one of the parties is either the Centre, its autonomous bodies, public sector banks, financial institutions and enterprises, Union Territories, including Delhi, and their agencies, and organisations where the Centre has a stake of 50 per cent, like metro rail corporations. Disputes, where claims are raised against procuring entities as above along with some other party (state government or private party), shall not be eligible under the scheme. Disputes having only financial claims against the procuring entities will be settled through this scheme. The scheme proposes graded settlement terms depending on the pendency level of the dispute and it is proposed to cover only cases involving domestic arbitration and cases under international arbitration are not eligible to be settled under this scheme. Source: Business Standard Previous Year Questions Q.1) With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following statements: If the inflation is too high, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is likely to buy government securities. If the rupee is rapidly depreciating, RBI is likely to sell dollars in the market. If interest rates in the USA or European Union were to fall, that is likely to induce RBI to buy dollars. Which of the statements given above are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following statements : Commercial Paper is a short-term unsecured promissory note. Certificate of Deposit is a long-term Instrument issued by RBI to a corporation. ‘Call Money’ is short-term finance used for interbank transactions. “Zero-Coupon Bonds’ are the interest-bearing short-term bonds issued by the Scheduled Commercial Banks to corporations. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (2020) 1 and 2 only 4 only 1 and 3 only 2, 3 and 4 only e-Gram SWARAJ Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Governance Context: Union rural development and Panchayati raj minister Giriraj Singh recently launched Mission Antyodaya Survey 2022-23, which will shed light on how government schemes have benefited rural India and what is the current economic situation of the country’s villages. The survey will be conducted among gram panchayats across the country, all of which have their profiles on E-Gram Swaraj portal. About  E-Gram SWARAJ: It is one single interface on which the details will be listed panchayat wise. The platform will provide records of work from planning to the implementation in every village panchayat under Gram Panchayati Development Plan (GPDP). All the details related to Panchayat Sachiv and Panch can be viewed on Gram Swaraj Portal. The works of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj will be accessible through Gram Swaraj Portal. The Gram Swaraj Portal and application will provide a boost in transparency by decentralized planning of development projects, with progress reports updates and increased accountability. Anybody can create an account on the Gram Swaraj Portal and know about the developmental works of villages. Source: Economic Times Article 356 of the Indian Constitution Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Polity and Governance Context: Recently, Prime Minister recalled in Rajya Sabha that Congress governments at the Centre had dismissed many state governments by “misusing” Article 356 of the Constitution. About Article 356: Every state shall comply with all directions given by Union on matters it empowers to do so. If any state fails to comply with the directions of the union, then President Rule can be imposed. History of Article 356: Article 356 was inspired by Section 93 of the Government of India Act, 1935. This provided that if a Governor of a province was satisfied that a situation had arisen in which the government of the province cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the said Act, Then he could assume to himself all or any of the powers of the government and discharge those functions in his discretion. The Governor could not encroach upon the powers of the high court. Section 93 allowed the British authorities to exercise ultimate power when they deemed it necessary. A Nine-judge Bench in its decision in 1994 noted the specific instances when President’s Rule can be imposed and when it cannot. Article 356 can be invoked in situations of the physical breakdown of the government or when there is a ‘hung assembly’, but it cannot be used without giving the state government a chance to either prove its majority in the House or without instances of a violent breakdown of the constitutional machinery. Conditions to impose President’s rule: A state legislature is unable to elect a leader as Chief Minister for a time prescribed by the Governor of that state. Breakdown of a coalition leading to the Chief Minister having minority support in the house. Loss of majority in the assembly due to a vote of no-confidence in the house. Elections are postponed for unavoidable reasons like war, epidemic or natural disasters. Revocation of President’s rule: If approved by both houses, the president’s rule can continue for 6 months. It can be extended for a maximum of 3 years with the approval of the Parliament done every 6 months. President’s rule can be revoked at any time by the president and does not need the Parliament’s approval. Source: Indian Express Previous Year Questions Q.1) With reference to Indian Judiciary, consider the following statements. Any retired judge of the Supreme Court of India can be called back to sit by the Chief Justice of India with prior permission of the President of India. A High court in India has the power to review its own judgement as the Supreme Court does. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Consider the following statements: The President of India can summon a session of the Parliament at such a place as he/she thinks fit. The Constitution of India provides for three sessions of the Parliament in a year, but it is not mandatory to conduct all three sessions. There is no minimum number of days that the Parliament is required to meet in a year. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (2020) 1 only 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only National Council for Applied and Economic Research (NCAER) Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Governance Context: According to business confidence has recovered from the lows of the pre-pandemic (2019-20) and the following two pandemic years, though sentiments continued to soften sequentially in the three quarters of the current fiscal. About NCAER: Established in 1956, NCAER is India’s oldest and largest independent, non-profit, economic policy research institute. It is one of a handful of think tanks globally that combine rigorous analysis and policy outreach with deep data collection capabilities, especially for household surveys. It undertakes grant-funded research and commissioned studies for governments and industry, and is one of the few think tanks globally that also collect primary data. NCAER has set up a National Data Innovation Centre (NDIC) to serve as a laboratory for experiments in data collection, interfacing with partners in think tanks, Indian and international universities, and governments. NCAER’s work falls into four thematic areas: Growth, Macro, Trade, and Economic Policy Investment Climate, Industry, Infrastructure, labor, and Urban Agriculture and Rural Development, Natural Resources, and Environment Poverty, Equity, Human Development, and Consumers. Source: Business Standard Previous Year Questions Q.1) In India, which one of the following compiles information on industrial disputes, closures, retrenchments and lay-offs in factories employing workers? (2022) Central Statistics Office Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade Labour Bureau National Technical Manpower Information System Q.2) What was the purpose of the Inter Creditor Agreement signed by Indian banks and financial institutions recently? (2019) To lessen the Government of India’s perennial burden of fiscal deficit and current account deficit To support the infrastructure projects of Central and State Governments To act as independent regulator in case of applications for loans of Rs. 50 crore or more To aim at faster resolution of stressed assets of Rs. 50 crore or more which are-under consortium lending The Role of Labour Unions/Trade Unions in Emerging Sectors Open in new window Syllabus Mains – GS 2 (Governance) and GS 3 (Economy) Context: There have been many reports of layoffs in the last few months, especially in emerging sectors. Lay-offs have been taking place not only in India but in major economies like the U.S. too. Large, medium and small enterprises as well as start-ups have let go of dozens or even thousands of workers. About Labour Union/Trade Union: History of Trade Union Movement in India In 1870, the first labour organization Working Men’s Club was founded in Calcutta by Sasipada Banerjee. He also published in the journal ‘Bharat Sramajibi‘. In 1875, Sorabjee Sharpoorji Bengalee of Mumbai organized the labour agitation in Bombay against the appalling conditions of workers, especially women and children. Thus, the first organized labour agitation was organised by S. Bengalee. It results in the formation of the first factory commission in the country in 1875. In 1875, Narayan Meghaji Lokhande was the first to represent the grievances of the Indian working class before the Labour Commission of Bombay. In 1890, M Lokhande set up the first association of Indian workers the ‘Bombay Mill-Hands Association‘ in Bombay. In 1897, the Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants of India was established. In 1920, the All Indian Trade Union Congress (AITUC), the first trade union on an All-Indian basis, was formed. The four founder fathers of AITUC were Lala Lajpat Rai, N. M. Joshi, Joseph Baptista, and Diwan Chaman Lal. In 1926, British Government in India passed the Trade Union Act of 1926, which was the first labour enactment to legalize the formation of the Labour Union in India. In 1928, Girni Kamgar Union organized the Bombay Textile Mills strike under the communists. In 1947, Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC) was formed as the labour wing of the Indian National Congress (INC) with the efforts of Sardar Vallabbhai Patel and Gulzarilal Nanda. In December 1948, the Indian Federation of Labour (IFL) merged with Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) and formed United Trade Union Congress (UTUC). In 1955, Jan Sangh (now Bhartiya Janta Party) also established its labour wing known as Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS), founded by Dattopanti Thengdi. In 1970, the Centre of Indian Trade Union (CITU), affiliated with the Communist Party of India (Marxist), was formed with T. Ranadive as its first president. Major reasons for the lay-offs: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic Changes in business strategy Automation and technology advancements Re-evaluation of company goals and priorities Mergers and acquisitions Financial difficulties Frequent changes in government policies and regulations Decreased investment Decreased demand for goods and services Increased competition The Amazon story: Labour Union in Amazon: Amazon workers at the warehouse at Staten Island called JFK8 succeeded in forming the Amazon Labour Union. Amazon reacted by filing numerous objections with the National Labour Relations Board, the federal body that protects the rights of private sector employees to join together. On the other hand, employees at the warehouse near Albany voted overwhelmingly against unionisation in October 2022 as many of them were sceptical of the bargaining power of a union vis-à-vis a giant like Amazon. In India: Amazon shut down Amazon Food and Amazon Academy. It retrenched workers in the Indian facility in a gradual manner. The Deputy Chief Labour Commissioner in Bengaluru served a notice seeking information from the company. But it is well-known how seriously employers, especially multi-national corporations (MNCs), take labour departments; they ignore conciliation meetings more often than trade unions. Importance of Labour Unions in Emerging Sectors: Job Security and Protection against Mass Lay-offs: Labour unions play an important role in advocating for job security and protecting workers against mass layoffs, particularly in emerging sectors where layoffs may be more widespread. Support for Re-employment and Career Development: Labour unions can provide support and resources for re-employment and career development for workers who have been laid off, helping them to find new job opportunities and secure their financial future. Negotiation of Severance Packages: Labour unions can negotiate with employers to provide adequate severance packages for workers affected by mass lay-offs, helping to mitigate the financial impact of job loss. Collective Bargaining Power: By pooling their resources and bargaining power, labour unions can negotiate with employers to secure better wages, benefits, and working conditions for workers, making them less vulnerable to layoffs and more able to secure their financial future. Advocacy for Workers’ Rights and Protections: Labour unions can use their voice and influence to advocate for workers’ rights and protections against mass lay-offs, working to prevent layoffs and ensure that workers are treated fairly and equitably. Landmark Cases About Trade Unions In India All India Bank Employees’ Association v. N.I.Tribunal The case laid down the rights of members of trade unions that are covered under the fundamental right to freedom of expression and speech under Article 19(1) (c). However, the court ruled that Article 19(1) (c) does not include a right to achieving all the goals for which the trade union was created. The ruling also ruled that adequate industrial legislation can govern or restrict trade union strikes. Balmer Lawrie Workers’ Union, Bombay and Anr. v. Balmer Lawrie & Co. Ltd. and Ors The SC’s underlying assumption was that a recognised union represents all workers in a particular industrial project or industry. In the MRF United Workers case, this matter was also mentioned. Kalindi and Others v. Tata Locomotive and Engineering Co. Ltd The Supreme Court concluded that there is no right to representation unless it recognises it through its standing orders. In Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. v. Maharashtra General Kamgar Union and Others, the decision was upheld. Way Forward: Labour unions play a crucial role in emerging sectors by advocating for the rights and interests of workers. In industries such as technology and renewable energy, where working conditions and job security may be uncertain, unions provide a voice for employees and negotiate fair wages, benefits, and working conditions. Historically, the role of trade unions in India was mostly limited to collective bargaining for economic reasons. On the other hand, trade unions currently play an important role in employee welfare, cultural programmes, banking, and medical facilities, as well as raising awareness through training and education of trade union members. Despite a few recent events that can mainly be classified as one-off situations, most trade unions have succeeded to create a climate that allows for a constructive conversation between workers and employers about whatever requests they may have. Furthermore, Indian trade unions have ensured that a forum exists to support better industrial relations, industrial growth, and productivity improvement over time. Source:  The Hindu Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) Consider the following pairs: Trade Union and associated person Centre of Indian Trade Union – B. T. Ranadive Indian National Trade Union Congress – Sardar Vallabbhai Patel All Indian Trade Union Congress – Lala Lajpat Rai How many of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched? None One pair only Two pairs only All three pairs Q.2) Article 356 of the Indian Constitution delas with President’s rule National Emergency Financial Emergency None of the above Q.3) Consider the following statements regarding Grishneshwar Temple: It is one of the shrines dedicated to Lord Vishnu that is referenced in the Vishnu Purana. The Grishneshwar temple is an illustration of Maratha temple architectural style and structure. It is the largest Jyotirlinga temple in India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 3 only Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ 10th February 2023 – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs.st ANSWERS FOR 9th February – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – a Q.2) – b Q.3) – d table, td, th { border: 1px solid;} table {width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; }

Feb 11, 2023 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2023 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 11th February 2023

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :)After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutionsTo take the Test Click Here

Feb 10, 2023 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 10th February 2023

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Economy Context: The Union Budget has announced for computerization of Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) over the next five years. About PACS: PACS are village level cooperative credit societies that serve as the last link in a three-tier cooperative credit structure headed by the State Cooperative Banks (SCB) at the state level. Financial Structure: The primary credit societies’ working capital is derived from their own funds, deposits, borrowings, and other sources. Deposits are made by both members and non-members. Borrowings are primarily made from central cooperative banks. Credit from the Scheduled Commercial Banks is transferred to the district central cooperative banks, or DCCBs, that operate at the district level. The DCCBs work with PACS, which deal directly with farmers. PACS are involved in short term lending — or what is known as crop loan. At the start of the cropping cycle, farmers avail credit to finance their requirement of seeds, fertilizers etc. Banks extend this credit at 7 percent interest, of which 3 per cent is subsidized by the Centre, and 2 per cent by the state government. Effectively, farmers avail the crop loans at 2 percent interest only. Organizational Structure: Since these are cooperative bodies, individual farmers are members of the PACS, and office-bearers are elected from within them. The membership fee is low enough that even the poorest agriculturist can join. A village can have multiple PACS. Source: Indian Express Previous Year Question Q.1) Consider the following statements: In terms of short-term credit delivery to the agriculture sector, District Central Cooperative Banks (DCCBs) deliver more credit in comparison to Scheduled Commercial Banks and Regional Rural Banks. One of the most important functions of DCCBs is to provide funds to the Primary Agricultural Credit Societies. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (2020) 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Under the Kisan Credit Card scheme, short-term credit support is given to farmers for which of the following purposes ? (2020) Working capital for maintenance of farm assets harvesters, Purchase of combine tractors and mini trucks requirements of farm Consumption households Post-harvest expenses Construction of family house and setting up of village cold storage facility Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1, 2 and 5 only 1, 3 and 4 only 2,3,4 and 5 only 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 MQ-9B predator Drone Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Science and Technology Context: India and the United States are keen for an early conclusion of the 30 MQ-9B predator armed drones deal at a cost of over $3 billion. About MQ-9B predator Drone: The MQ-9B predator-armed drones — 10 each for three services — is seen to be a key part of India’s national security and defence needs. Source: The Hindu Previous Year Questions Q.1) The experiment will employ a trio of spacecraft flying in formation in the shape of an equilateral triangle that has sides one million kilometers long, with lasers shining between the craft.” The experiment in question refers to (2020) Voyager-2 New Horizons LISA Pathfinder Evolved LISA Q.2) Recently, scientists observed the merger of giant ‘blackholes’ billions of light-years away from the earth. What is the significance of this observation? ‘Higgs boson particles’ were detected. ‘Gravitational waves’ were detected. Possibility of intergalactic space travel through ‘wormhole’ was confirmed. It enabled the scientists to understand ‘singularity’. CAR T-cell therapy Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Science and Technology Context: Recently, the researchers have said that India’s first indigenously developed Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell T therapy for specific types of cancer. About CART-T cell therapy: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies represent a quantum leap in the sophistication of cancer treatment. Unlike chemotherapy or immunotherapy, which require mass-produced injectable or oral medication, CAR T-cell therapies use a patient’s own cells. They are modified in the laboratory to activate T-cells, a component of immune cells, to attack tumors. These modified cells are then infused back into the patient’s bloodstream after conditioning them to multiply more effectively. How does the therapy work? In CAR T-cell therapy, the patient’s blood is drawn to harvest T-cells which are immune cells that play a major role in destroying tumor cells. Researchers modify these cells in the laboratory so that they express specific proteins on their surface, known as chimeric antigen receptors (CAR). They have an affinity for proteins on the surface of tumor cells. This modification in the cellular structure allows CAR T-cells to effectively bind to the tumor and destroy it. The final step in the tumor’s destruction involves its clearance by the patient’s immune system. Source: The Hindu Previous Year Questions Q.1) Which one of the following statements best describes the role of B cells and T cells in the human body? (2022) They protect the environmental allergens. body They alleviate the body’s pain and inflammation. They act as immunosuppressants in the body. They protect the body from the diseases caused by pathogens. Q.2) With reference to recent developments regarding ‘Recombinant vector Vaccines’, consider the following statements: Genetic engineering is applied in the development of these vaccines. Bacteria and viruses are used as vectors. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (2021) 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Google’s Bard Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Science and Technology Context: Google showcased its latest work artificial intelligence (AI) as part of an event  that was livestreamed on YouTube. About Google’s Bard: Bard is Google’s own conversational AI chatbot and is based on LaMDA. It draws on information from the web to provide fresh, high-quality responses. In short, it will give in-depth, conversational and essay-style answers just like ChatGPT does right now. A user will be able to ask Bard to explain new discoveries from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope to a 9-year-old, or learn more about the best strikers in football right now, and then get drills to build your skills. Bard is built on Transformer technology – which is also the backbone of ChatGPT and other AI bots. Transformer technology, pioneered by Google and made open-source in 2017, is a neural network architecture, which is capable of making predictions based on inputs. Currently, Bard looks like a limited rollout and it is hard to say whether it can answer more questions than ChatGPT. Google has also not made clear the amount of knowledge that Bard possesses. For instance, with ChatGPT, we know its knowledge is limited to events till 2021. Source: Indian Express Previous Year Questions Q.1) With reference to Web 3.0, consider the following statements: Web 3.0 technology enables people to control their own data. In Web 3.0 world, there can be blockchain based social networks. Web 3.0 is operated by users collectively rather than a corporation Which of the following given above are correct? (2022) 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.2) With reference to “Software as a Service (SaaS)”, consider the following statements: SaaS buyers can customize the user interface and can change data fields. SaaS users can access their data through their mobile devices. Outlook, Hotmail and Yahoo! Mail are forms of SaaS. Which of the statements given above are correct? (2022) 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 The Cape Buffalo/ Southern Savanna Buffalo Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Environment and Ecology Context: According to recent studies the Cape Buffalo populations were less genetically variable or diverse in the extreme southern part of their range. This means that there had been more interbreeding among them. About the Cape Buffalo/ Southern Savanna Buffalo: African buffalo occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. They prefer a habitat with dense cover, such as reeds and thickets, but can also be found in open woodland, montane grasslands and forest, savannas, and moist lowland rainforests. During the dry season, males leave the herd and form, bachelor groups. Two types of bachelor herds occur: ones made of males aged 4 to 7 years and those of males 12 years or older. During the wet season, the younger bulls rejoin a herd to mate with the females. They stay with them throughout the season to protect the calves. African buffalo have a strictly herbivorous (graminivorous, florivorous) diet. They feed on a wide variety of grasses, sedges, leaves, and other plants. African buffalo are polygynandries (promiscuous) meaning that both males and females’ mate with multiple partners. They mate and give birth only during the rainy seasons. Cows usually reproduce every two years. They give birth to a single calf after a gestation period of 11.5 months. Males become reproductively mature when they are 4 to 6 years old. IUCN Red list: Near Threatened (NT) Source: DownToEarth Previous Year Questions Q.1) Consider the following animals Hedgehog Marmot Pangolin To reduce the chance of being captured by predators, which of the above organisms rolls up/roll up and protects/protect its/their vulnerable parts? (2021) 1 and 2 2 only 3 only 1 and 3 Q.2) With reference to India’s biodiversity, Ceylon Frogmouth, Coppersmith Barbet, Gray Chinned Minivet and White-throated Redstart are (2020) Birds Primates Reptiles Amphibians Sugarcane Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Geography and Economy Context: According to the Indian Sugar Mills’ Association (ISMA), sugar production in the current season (October 2022 to September 2023) is slightly lower than the last year’s production. About Sugarcane crop: India is the second largest producer of sugarcane after Brazil. It is the main source of sugar, Gur (jaggery), khandsari and molasses. It is a tropical and perennial grass which attains a length of 10 to 20 feet. A single plant of sugarcane has ‘many stems’ in a tuft. Modern Sugar making was introduced in India probably by Dutch. The first Sugar Mill was started in Bihar in 1903; followed by another unit in 1904 in Uttar Pradesh. Suitable Conditions: Temperature: Between 21-27°C with hot and humid climate. Rainfall: Around 75-100 cm. Soil Type: Deep rich loamy soil. Top Sugarcane Producing States: Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Bihar. It can be grown on all varieties of soils ranging from sandy loam to clay loam given these soils should be well drained. It needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting. About Indian Sugar Mills Association (ISMA): Indian Sugar Mills Association (ISMA) is a premier sugar organization in India. It is the interface between Government and sugar industry (both private and public sugar mills) in the country. The prime objective is to ensure that the functioning and interest of both the private and public sugar mills in the country are safeguarded through conducive and growth-oriented policies of the Government. ISMA is the oldest industrial Association in the country which was established in 1932. ISMA is recognized by both the Central Government and State Governments as the apex sugar body in the country, to voice the concerns of the private sugar mills and the sugar industry as a whole. Source:   The Hindu Previous Year Questions Q.1) Among the following crops, which one is the most important anthropogenic source of both methane and nitrous oxide ? (2022) Cotton Rice Sugarcane Wheat Q.2) Which of the following are nitrogen-fixing plants? (2022) Alfalfa Amaranth Chickpea Clover Purslane (Kulfa) Spinach Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1, 3 and 4 only 1, 3, 5 and 6 only 2, 4, 5 and 6 only 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 Wildlife Institute of India (WII) Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Environment Context: The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is working to develop immuno-contraceptive measures for population management of species that have become problematic for humans in many parts of the country. About WII: It is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. It was established in 1982. It is based in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. It offers training programs, academic courses, and advisory in wildlife research and management. About Nilgai antelope: It is the largest Asian antelope (family Bovidae). The nilgai is indigenous to the Indian subcontinent, and Hindus accord it the same sacred status as cattle (both belong to the subfamily Bovine). Description: Nilgai is the Hindustani word for “blue cow,” which describes the blue-grey of adult bulls. It has a long neck with a short upright mane, a bony narrow head, a barrel-like chest, strong legs, and high withers sloping back to the croup. Habitat: It lives in a lightly wooded forest, wooded grassland, scrub areas and agricultural areas and human settlements. Blue Bull usually avoids dense Forests. Threats: It is seldom killed or injured in retaliation in response to crop-raiding. The major threat to this species is habitat loss and degradation due to human encroachment, clearing of forest for agriculture and over-grazing of livestock in their habitats. Conservation Status: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species listed it as Least Concern. It enjoys legal protection by virtue of the species having been included in Schedule-III of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Source: DownToEarth Previous Year Questions Q.1) Which of the following is not a bird? (2022) Golden Mahseer Indian Nightjar Spoonbill White Ibis Q.2) Consider the following animals Hedgehog Marmot Pangolin To reduce the chance of being captured by predators, which of the above organisms rolls up/roll up and protects/protect its/their vulnerable parts? (2021) 1 and 2 2 only 3 only 1 and 3 Kingdom of Vijayanagara Open in new window Syllabus Mains – History and Art and Culture Context: Salman Rushdie’s latest work, “Victory City” is a fictionalized telling of the story of Vijayanagara, one of the richest and most powerful kingdoms in medieval India. About Vijayanagara Empire: The Vijayanagara Empire, also called Karnata Kingdom, was based in the Deccan Plateau region in South India. It was established in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty, members of a pastoralist cowherd community that claimed Yadava lineage. At its peak, it subjugated almost all of South India’s ruling families and pushed the sultans of the Deccan beyond the Tungabhadra-Krishna River doab region, in addition to annexing modern day Odisha (ancient Kalinga) from the Gajapati Kingdom thus becoming a notable power. It lasted until 1646, although its power declined after a major military defeat in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 by the combined armies of the Deccan sultanates. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surround present day Hampi, now a World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India. Economy conditions during Vijayanagara kingdom: The economy of the kingdom was largely dependent on agriculture, and trade thrived in its many ports on either coast. The empire’s principal exports were pepper, ginger, cinnamon, cardamom, myrobalan, tamarind timber, ana fistula, precious and semi-precious stones, pearls, musk, ambergris, rhubarb, aloe, cotton cloth, and porcelain. Abd al-Razzaq Samarqand chronicled the high degree of monetization in the Vijayanagara kingdom. In his classic History of South India, K A Nilakanta Sastri wrote that coins were minted by the state as well as by merchant guilds using gold, silver, copper, and brass, and their value depended on material weight. Governance: The rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire maintained the administrative methods developed by their predecessors, the Hoysala, Kakatiya and Pandya kingdoms. The King, ministry, territory, fort, treasury, military, and ally formed the seven critical elements that influenced every aspect of governance. The King was the ultimate authority, assisted by a cabinet of ministers (Pradhana) headed by the prime minister (Mahapradhana). Other important titles recorded were the chief secretary (Karyakartha or Rayaswami) and the imperial officers (Adhikari). All high-ranking ministers and officers were required to have military training. A secretariat near the king’s palace employed scribes and officers to maintain records made official by using a wax seal imprinted with the ring of the king. Religious belief system: The Vijayanagara kings were tolerant of all religions and sects, as writings by foreign visitors show. The kings used titles such as Gobrahamana Pratipalanacharya (literally, “protector of cows and Brahmins”) that testified to their intention of protecting Hinduism. Yet at the same time adopted Islamicate court ceremonies, dress, and political language, as reflected in the title Hindu-rāya-suratrāṇa. The empire’s founders, the Sangama brothers (Harihara I and Bukka Raya I) came from a pastoral cowherd background (the Kuruba people) that claimed Yadava lineage. The founders of the empire were devout Shaivas (worshippers of the god Shiva) but made grants to Vishnu temples. Their patron saint Vidyaranya was from the Advaita order at Sringeri. The Varaha (the boar, an Avatar of Vishnu) was the emblem of the empire. Over one-fourth of the archaeological dig found an “Islamic Quarter” not far from the “Royal Quarter”. A Sanskrit work, Jambavati Kalyanam by King Krishnadevaraya, refers to Lord Virupaksha as Karnata Rajya Raksha Mani or “protective jewel of Karnata Empire”. Contribution to Literature: During the rule of the Vijayanagara Empire, poets, scholars and philosophers wrote primarily in Kannada, Telugu and Sanskrit. The administrative and court languages of the Empire were Kannada and Telugu, the latter gained even more cultural and literary prominence during the reign of the last Vijayanagara kings, especially Krishnadevaraya. Most Sanskrit works were commentaries either on the Vedas or on the Ramayana and Mahabharata epics, written by well-known figures such as Sayanacharya and Vidyaranya that extolled the superiority of the Advaita philosophy over other rival Hindu philosophies. Other writers were famous Dvaita saints of the Udupi order such as Jayatirtha (earning the title Tikacharya for his polemicial writings), Vyasatirtha who wrote rebuttals to the Advaita philosophy and of the conclusions of earlier logicians, and Vadirajatirtha and Sripadaraya both of whom criticized the beliefs of Adi Sankara. Contributions to culture and architecture: Vijayanagara has been remembered as an era of “cultural conservatism”, when classical forms of Hinduism were preserved amidst the growing Islamization of the rest of the subcontinent, especially the North. Literature in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, as well as Sanskrit, was produced in the kingdom, with new writing styles and methods emerging. According to art historian Percy Brown, Vijayanagara architecture is “a vibrant combination and blossoming of the Chalukya, Hoysala, Pandya, and Chola styles, idioms that prospered in previous centuries.” The Prasanna Virupaksha temple of Bukka I and many of the great monuments of the empire date from Krishna Deva Raya’s time. Among these are the Hazara Rama temple, the Krishna temple, and the Ugra Narasimha idol, all at Vijayanagara. They are striking examples of Vijayanagar’s characteristic style and intricate artistry. Vijayanagara’s capital Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its sophisticated fortifications as well as innumerable temples and other architectural marvels. Source:  Indian Express Previous Year Questions Q.1) With reference to Indian history, who of the following were known as “Kulah-Daran” ? (2022) Arab merchants Qalandars Persian calligraphists Sayyids Q.2) According to Portuguese writer Nuniz, the women in the Vijayanagara empire were expert in which of the following areas? (2021) Wrestling Astrology Accounting Soothsaying Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1, 2 and 3 only 1, 3 and 4 only 2 and 4 only 1, 2, 3 and 4 Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) With reference to medieval Indian history, consider the following statements: The economy of the kingdom was largely dependent on agriculture It was established by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty The administrative and court languages of the Empire were Sanskrit and Tamil Which of the statements given above are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1 2 and 3 Q.2) Consider the following statements regarding Wildlife Institute of India: It is an autonomous institution under the Department of Animal husbandry and Dairying It offers training programs, academic courses, and advisory in wildlife research and management. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3) Which of the following statements regarding Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) is/are correct? Deposits can be made by members of the PACS only Individual farmers can become members of the PACS The membership fee is low enough that even the poorest agriculturist can join Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 and 2 only 2 only 3 only 2 and 3 only Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ 10th February 2023 – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs.st ANSWERS FOR 9th February – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – b Q.2) – d Q.3) – a table, td, th { border: 1px solid;} table {width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; }

Feb 10, 2023 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2023 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 10th February 2023

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :)After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutionsTo take the Test Click Here

Feb 9, 2023 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 8th February 2023

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) Amorphous Ice Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Science and Technology Context: Recently Scientists have created a new type of ice that matches the density and structure of water, perhaps opening a door to studying water’s mysterious properties. The ice is called medium-density amorphous ice. About Amorphous Ice: The ice is called medium-density amorphous ice. Amorphous ice consists of water molecules arranged in a disordered state, with no large-scale regularity to their orientations or positions. This kind of ice is most often found in space. Almost all ice in the universe is amorphous and, in a form, called low-density amorphous ice. This forms when water condenses onto dust grains in space. Comets are amorphous ice as well. Amorphous ice’s water molecules are in a disorganized form resembling a liquid. This kind of ice is most often found in space. Source: Indian Express Previous Year Questions Q.1) Water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid because (2021) It is dipolar in nature It is a good conductor of heat It has high value of specific heat It is an oxide of hydrogen Q.2) Which of the following leaf modifications occur(s) in the desert areas to inhibit water loss? (2018) Hard and waxy leaves Tiny leaves Thorns instead of leaves Select the correct answer using the code given below : 2 and 3 only 2 only 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Yuva Sangam Portal Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Governance Context: Yuva Sangam registration portal launched About Yuva Sangam Portal: The Yuva Sangam will focus on conducting exposure tours of the youth comprising of students & off-campus youngsters from North Eastern States to other states & vice versa.  It will provide an immersive, multidimensional experience of various facets-under four broad areas of Paryatan (Tourism), Parampara (Traditions), Pragati (Development) and Paraspar Sampark (People-to-people connect). Yuva Sangam will celebrate India`s diversity, rejuvenate the spirit of oneness and highlight the strength of India`s democracy. Youth between the ages of 18 and 30 will take part in this programme. Ministry – Ministry of Development of North-East Region Source: NewsOnAir Stone Age Paintings in Gurugram Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – History and Art and Culture Context: Stone carvings that archaeologists say date back to the Paleolithic period or the Stone Age. have been discovered in Gurugram. About Rakhigarhi and discoveries: The discovery of stone carvings has been made in the Badshahpur area of Tethar village of Sohna. The petroglyphs discovered in the area include hand and footprints of animals and humans engraved on quartzite rocks and graffiti. Most of the carvings are of animal paws and human footprints, while some are just basic symbols, which had presumably been kept for some special purpose. Rakhigarhi Rakhigarhi in Haryana is the largest Harappan site in the Indian subcontinent. At Rakhigarhi, the excavations are being done to trace its beginnings and to study its gradual evolution from 6000 BCE (Pre-Harappan phase) to 2500 BCE. Rakhigarhi is an ideal candidate to believe that the beginning of the Harappan civilization took place in the Ghaggar basin in Haryana and it gradually grew from here. Source: Times of India Previous Year Questions Q.1) Which one of the following ancient towns is well known for its elaborate system of water harvesting and management by building a series of dams and channelizing water into connected reservoirs? (2021) Dholavira Kalibangan Rakhigarhi Ropar Q.2) With reference to the period of the Gupta dynasty in ancient India, the towns Ghantasala, Kadura and Chaul were well known as (2020) ports handling foreign trade capitals of powerful kingdoms places of exquisite stone art and architecture important Buddhist pilgrimage centres Asbestos Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Science and Technology Context: Recently Brazil sinks age old aircraft carrier carrying asbestos, other toxins. About Asbestos: It is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral. Asbestos is a group of six naturally occurring minerals made up of heat-resistant fibers. It consists of flexible fibers resistant to heat, electricity and corrosion. Asbestos is an excellent electrical insulator and is highly fire-resistant, so for much of the 20th century it was very commonly used across the world as a building material. Construction materials contained asbestos because it is an effective insulator. Asbestos in cloth, paper, cement, plastic and other materials makes them stronger. Asbestos mainly comes from Russia, Kazakhstan and China. The toxic mineral was once mined throughout North America. Asbestos has been used on ships as both a fire retardant and an insulator to protect sailors from the constant and jarring vibrations of ships’ engines. Health Effects It is known to be a highly toxic material and a carcinogen. Inhaled or swallowed asbestos fibers can become trapped in the respiratory or digestive systems of the body, accumulating over time. Repeated exposure can cause inflammation and damage the DNA. The following illnesses have been associated with asbestos exposure: lung cancer, COPD, mesothelioma and asbestosis. Source: Indian Express Previous Year Questions Q.1) Bisphenol A (BPA), a cause of concern, is a structural/key component in the manufacture of which of the following kinds of plastics? (2021) Low-density polyethylene Polycarbonate Polyethylene terephthalate Polyvinyl Chloride Q.2) “Triclosan” considered harmful when exposed to high levels for a long time, is most likely present in which of the following? (2021) Food preservatives Fruit ripening substances reused plastic containers Toiletries Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Governance About the scheme: It was launched during the year 2015-16 to enhance physical access of water on farm and expand cultivable area under assured irrigation, improve on-farm water use efficiency, introduce sustainable water conservation practices, etc. PMKSY has been conceived amalgamating ongoing schemes viz. Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) of the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (MoWR,RD&GR), Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) of Department of Land Resources (DoLR) and the On Farm Water Management (OFWM) of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC). The scheme will be implemented by Ministries of Agriculture, Water Resources and Rural Development. Ministry of Rural Development is to mainly undertake rain water conservation, construction of farm pond, water harvesting structures, small check dams and contour bunding etc. MoWR, RD &GR, is to undertake various measures for creation of assured irrigation source, construction of diversion canals, field channels, water diversion/lift irrigation, including development of water distribution systems. Ministry of Agriculture will promote efficient water conveyance and precision water application devices like drips, sprinklers, pivots, rain-guns in the farm “(Jal Sinchan)”, construction of micro-irrigation structures to supplement source creation activities, extension activities for promotion of scientific moisture conservation and agronomic measures. Programme architecture of PMKSY will be to adopt a ‘decentralized State level planning and projectized execution’ structure that will allow States to draw up their own irrigation development plans based on District Irrigation Plan (DIP) and State Irrigation Plan (SIP). It will be operative as convergence platform for all water sector activities including drinking water & sanitation, MGNREGA, application of science & technology etc. through comprehensive plan. State Level Sanctioning Committee (SLSC) chaired by the Chief Secretary of the State will be vested with the authority to oversee its implementation and sanction projects. The programme will be supervised and monitored by an Inter-Ministerial National Steering Committee (NSC) will be constituted under the Chairmanship of Prime Minister with Union Ministers from concerned Ministries. A National Executive Committee (NEC) will be constituted under the Chairmanship of Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog to oversee programme implementation, allocation of resources, inter-ministerial coordination, monitoring & performance assessment, addressing administrative issues etc. Source:  PIB Previous Year Questions Q.1) In India under cyber insurance for individuals, which of the following benefits are generally covered, in addition to payment for the loss of funds and other benefits? (2020) Cost of restoration of the computer system in case of malware disrupting access to one’s computer Cost of a new computer if some miscreant willfully damages it, if proved so Cost of hiring a specialized consultant to minimize the loss in case of cyber extortion Cost of defence in the Court of Law if any third-party files a suit Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1, 2 and 4 only 1, 3 and 4 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2, 3 and 4 Q.2) With reference to Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, consider the following statements : It is the flagship scheme of the Ministry of Labour and Employment. It, among other things, will also impart training in soft skills, entrepreneurship, financial and digital literacy. It aims to align the competencies of the unregulated workforce of the country to the National Skill Qualification Framework. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (2018) 1 and 3 only 2 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Polity and Governance Context: Context: According to the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, the NCST is functioning with less than 50% of its sanctioned strength. About NCST: The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) was established by amending Article 338 and inserting a new Article 338A in the Constitution through the Constitution (89th Amendment) Act, 2003. By this amendment, the erstwhile National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was replaced by two separate Commissions namely- (i) the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC), and (ii) the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) w.e.f. 19 February, 2004. The Chairperson has been given the rank of Union Cabinet Minister, and the Vice-Chairperson that of a Minister of State and other Members have the ranks of a Secretary to the Government of India. Composition It consists of a Chairperson, a Vice-Chairperson and 3 other Members who are appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal. At least one member should be a woman. The Chairperson, the Vice-Chairperson and the other Members hold office for a term of 3 years. The members are not eligible for appointment for more than two terms. Major functions of commission under 338A To investigate & Monitor matters relating to Safeguards provided for STs under the Constitution or under other laws To inquire into specific complaints relating to Rights & Safeguards of STs To participate and Advise in the Planning Process relating to Socio-economic development of STs To annually present report to the President To discharge such other functions in relation to STs as the President may, subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament, by rule specify. Source: The Hindu Previous Year Questions Q.1) If a particular area is brought under the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution of India, which one of the following statements best reflects the consequence of it? (2022) This would prevent the transfer of land of tribal people to non-tribal people. This would create a local self-governing body in that area. This would convert that area into a Union Territory. The State having such areas would be declared a Special Category State. Rabi Cropping Season Open in new window Syllabus Prelims – Geography Context: According to data released by the Union Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, even though farmers have surpassed last year’s acreage under wheat, the increase in sown area in the 2022-23 Rabi season has been only marginal — by 0.4 per cent. Rabi cropping season is from October-March (winter). The rabi crops include wheat, barley, oats (cereals), chickpea/gram (pulses), linseed, mustard (oilseeds) etc. Rabi Crops are agricultural crops that are planted in the winter and harvested in the spring. Wheat​ Wheat, which is sown and harvested during the rabi season, is one of the staple crops farmed in the nation. Indian wheat is largely a soft/medium-hard, medium protein, white bread wheat, somewhat similar to U.S. hard white wheat. Durum wheat, often known as pasta wheat or macaroni wheat is also one of the best quality wheat varieties in India. Climate requirement: wheat requires a combination of factors including cool climate with moderate rainfall, flat and well drained plain areas. Fertile friable loam and heavy inputs in the form of irrigation, HYV seeds, fertilizers and mechanization. Areas of Cultivation: Major wheat growing states in India are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar and Gujarat. Punjab is called as the Wheat Bowl of India emerged as the biggest wheat producer state in 2021. Production: India is the second-largest producer of wheat after China with a share of around 14.14 per cent of the world’s total production in 2020. China, India, and Russia are the three largest individual wheat producers in the world, accounting for about 41% of the world’s total wheat production. India’s wheat exports are mainly to neighboring countries with Bangladesh having the largest share of more than 54 per cent in both volume and value terms in 2020-21. Source:   DownToEarth Previous Year Questions Q.1) With reference to the “Tea Board” in India, consider the following statements: The Tea Board is a statutory body. It is a regulatory body attached to the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The Tea Board’s Head Office is situated in Bengaluru. The Board has overseas office at Dubai and Moscow. Which of the statements given above are correct? (2022) 1 and 3 2 and 4 3 and 4 1 and 4 Q.2) Among the following, which one is the least water-efficient crop? (2021) Sugarcane Sunflower Pearl millet Red gram India-South Korea Relations Open in new window Syllabus Mains – GS 2 (International Relations) Context: India and South Korea recently acknowledged the 50th anniversary of India-South Korea diplomatic ties. About India – South Korea bilateral relations: Political During the Korean War (1950- 53), India played a major role in a cease-fire agreement signed between both the warring sides (North Korea and South Korea) and the ceasefire was declared in July 1953. Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) was operationalized from in January 2010. In May 2015, the bilateral relationship was upgraded to ‘special strategic partnership’. India has a major role to play in South Korea’s Southern Policy under which Korea is looking at expanding relations beyond its immediate region. Similarly, South Korea is a major player in India’s Act East Policy under which India aims to promote economic cooperation, cultural ties and develop strategic relationships with countries in the Asia-Pacific. Regional Stability: The regional tensions in South Asia especially between India and China create a common interest for India and South Korea. This could be a collaborative approach for regional stability. Nuclear: South Korea’s key interest in managing their nuclear neighbour (North Korea) is similar to India’s considerations toward Pakistan. The US alliance system, established with South Korea and Japan, puts pressure on North Korea to cap its nuclear programme. Containing North Korea is beneficial to India’s economic and regional ambit in East Asia. It also adds to its approach to the nuclear non-proliferation regime as a responsible nuclear state. Economic: The current bilateral trade between India and South Korea is at USD 21 billion and the target that has been set is USD 50 billion by the year 2030. India and South Korea have signed the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), 2010 which has facilitated the growth of trade relations. To facilitate investment from Korea, India has launched a “Korea Plus” facilitation cell under ‘Invest India’ to guide, assist and handhold investors. Diplomatic: There is a long-lasting regional security dilemma with the continued verbal provocations and a conventional arms race. Thus, despite the alliance system, Seoul appears to be searching for a stronger diplomatic stand on imminent regional issues beyond the alliance system. South Korea’s approach to India comes with strategic optimism for expanding ties to ensure a convergence of interest in planning global and regional strategic frameworks. Cultural: Korean Buddhist Monk Hyecho or Hong Jiao visited India from 723 to 729 AD and wrote the travelogue “Pilgrimage to the five kingdoms of India” which gives a vivid account of Indian culture, politics and society. Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore had composed a short but evocative poem – ‘Lamp of the East’ – in 1929 about Korea’s glorious past and its promising bright future. Indian diaspora: Many Indian scholars are pursuing post-graduate and Ph. D programmes, mostly in pure sciences live in South Korea. During the past few years, many professionals, mainly in the areas of IT, shipping and automobile have immigrated to ROK. Coordination Committee by the Indian high commission works to bring all the Indian Associations in ROK onto a common platform. The Committee is an effective platform for dissemination of information and coordinating cultural events/activities. Multilateral Platforms Shared by Both the Countries: United Nations World Trade Organisation ASEAN Plus East Asia Summit (EAS) G-20 Challenges Inadequate Trade: In the last few years, India and South Korea have faced serious blockades to their economic ties. Trade between the two countries was sluggish and there was no major inflow of South Korean investment into India. Indian Diaspora: Within South Korea, the integration of Indians in the local population is far from complete, with some instances of racial prejudice or discrimination toward Indians Inadequate acknowledgment of Korean Culture: To a certain extent Indians are unable to distinguish between the cultural and social characteristics of South Koreans from that of Japanese/Chinese. Unfulfilled potential of Cultural Centres: Indian Culture Centre (ICC) was established in Seoul to promote people-to-people contacts. However, ICC has to reach an exponentially wider audience and its focus has to expand beyond the urban, English-speaking elite of Seoul. The same may be applicable to South Korean culture centres in India. Multi-dimensional challenges: The current emerging alignment between India and South Korea, which has the potential to bring the two countries closer together, may prove short-lived if proper attention is not paid to the multi-dimensional challenges it faces. Way Forward: India’s significance for South Korea is growing primarily because of the latter’s deepening strategic dilemma with China – its largest economic partner. South Korea’s shifting perception about its economic engagement with China has influenced Seoul’s strategy towards other Asian powers. Against this background, policymakers in Seoul see India as a crucial partner and their government is taking various steps to upgrade ties under their new policy framework called the ‘New Southern Policy.’ India-Republic of Korea (RoK) relations has made great strides in recent years and has become truly multidimensional. The bilateral relations are spurred by a significant convergence of interests, mutual goodwill and high-level exchanges. Source:  Indian Express Left Wing Extremism Open in new window Syllabus Mains – GS 3 (Internal Security) Context: Recently, the Union Home Minister stated that the ministry is determined to destroy the entire ecosystem of Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) by “financial choking”. According to the Union Home Minister, for the first time in four decades, the number of deaths of civilians and security forces in Left Wing Extremism (LWE) came down to under 100 in 2022. Left Wing Extremism had come down by 76% in 2022 as compared to 2010. About Left-wing Extremism(LWE) in India: Left-wing extremists, popularly known as Maoists worldwide and as Naxalites/Naxalism in India, has been a major threat to India since the 1960s. The term Naxalism derives from the name of the Naxalbari village in West Bengal where a peasant revolt took place against local landlords over a land dispute in 1967. The origins of Left Wing Extremism (LWE) in India goes back to the Telangana peasant rebellion (1946-51), the movement was at its peak in 1967, when the peasants, landless labourers, and Adivasis raided the granaries of a landlord in the Naxalbari village in West Bengal. Red Corridor: The influence zone of LWE in India is called the Red corridor, which has been steadily declining in terms of geographical coverage and number of violent incidents. States data: In 2021, Chhattisgarh accounted for 90 percent (45 out of 50) of all security personnel deaths in the country. Jharkhand is the only state that recorded security personnel deaths (5) besides Chhattisgarh in 2021. In 2019, when 52 security force personnel deaths were recorded in the country, Chhattisgarh accounted for just 42 percent (22) of those with Maharashtra accounting for 16 deaths and Jharkhand for 12 deaths. Other states for which data has been provided by the government are Bihar, Odisha and Telangana. All recorded zero deaths in 2021. In 2022, Odisha recorded three deaths while Jharkhand recorded two. Reasons for Left Wing Extremism: Tribal discontent: The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 deprives tribals, who depend on forest produce for their living, from even cutting a bark. Massive displacement of tribal population in the naxalism-affected states due to development projects, mining operations and other reasons. No Follow-Up from administration: It is seen that even after police takes hold of a region, administration fails to provide essential services to the people of that region. Confusion over tackling naxalism as a social issue or as a security threat. State governments considering naxalism as the central government’s issue and thus are not taking any initiatives to fight it. Lack of Livelihood: People who do not have any source of living are taken into Naxalism by Maoists. Maoists provide arms and ammunition and money to such people. Governance related issues: Government measures its success on the basis of the number of violent attacks rather than the development done in the Naxal-affected areas. Absence of strong technical intelligence to fight with Naxalites. Infrastructural problems, for instance, some villages are not yet connected properly with any communication network. Reasons for decline in violence: Greater presence of security forces across the LWE affected States. Loss of leaders on account of arrests, surrender and desertions. Rehabilitation programs by the governments. Better monitoring and shortage of funds and arms. Intelligence sharing and raising of a separate 66 Indian Reserve Battalion (IRBs), CRPF battalions like COBRA battalion, Bastariya battalion etc were done by the government to curb the menace of LWE organisations. Government Initiatives to Fight LWE: Operation Green Hunt: It was started in 2009-10 and massive deployment of security forces was done in the Naxal-affected areas Aspirational Districts Programme: Launched in 2018, it aims to rapidly transform the districts that have shown relatively lesser progress in key social areas. SAMADHAN doctrine is the one-stop solution for the LWE problem. It encompasses the entire strategy of government from short-term policy to long-term policy formulated at different levels. SAMADHAN stands for- S- Smart Leadership, A- Aggressive Strategy, M- Motivation and Training, Actionable Intelligence, D- Dashboard Based KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) and KRAs (Key Result Areas), H- Harnessing Technology, Action plan for each Theatre, N- No access to Financing. ROSHNI is a special initiative under, Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (Formerly Ajeevika Skills), launched in June 2013 for training and placement of rural poor youth from 27 LWE affected districts in 09 States. Road Connectivity: Construction of 17,462 km of roadways had been sanctioned to improve road connectivity, of which work on about 11,811 km had been completed. Mobile connectivity: For better mobile connectivity, 2,343 mobile towers had been installed in the first phase during the last eight years, and approval given to upgrade them to 4G. This apart, 2,542 new mobile towers were being installed in the second phase. Eklavya Residential Model School: More than 100 Eklavya Residential Model Schools were sanctioned in 21 years prior to 2019, while in the past three years, 103 have been sanctioned. So far, 245 Eklavya schools had been sanctioned in 90 LWE-affected districts and 121 of them were now functional. Banks, ATMs and Post offices for financial inclusion: The government also facilitated the opening of 1,258 bank branches and 1,348 ATMs in the worst hit districts, besides 4,903 post offices. Way Forward: Innovative measures are required to be employed in preventing IED(Improvised Explosive Device) related incidents which have caused significant casualties in recent years. Emphasis should be laid on the capacity-building and modernization of the local police forces. States should rationalize their surrender policy in order to bring innocent individuals caught in the trap of LWE in the mainstream. States also need to adopt a focused time-bound approach to completely eliminate LWE groups and ensure all-round development of the affected regions. What makes the LWE particularly disturbing is its correlation with the demographic youth bulge in the general Indian population. If the Indian state fails, the widespread unemployment could lead to a serious internal security situation. The Centre and the States should make efforts in synchronise that are crucial in eliminating such radicalization amongst groups. Source: Indian Express Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) Which of the following Harapan sites is the largest among all in the Indian Subcontinent? Banawali Rakhigarhi Dholavira Surkotada Q.2) Asbestos is known to be a highly toxic material and a carcinogen. When Inhaled or swallowed asbestos fibers can become trapped in the respiratory or digestive systems of the body, accumulating over time causing severe health hazards. Asbestos is used in which of the following industries? Ship building industry Textile Industry Cement Industry Paper Industry Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 2 and 3 only 2 3 and 4 only 1 2 and 4 only 1 2 3 and 4 Q.3) The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) has been conceived amalgamating which of the following schemes: Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme Integrated Watershed Management Programme The On Farm Water Management Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 2 and 3 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ 8th February 2023 – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs.st ANSWERS FOR 7th February – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – d Q.2) – c Q.3) – c table, td, th { border: 1px solid;} table {width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; }

Feb 9, 2023 Budget and Economy Survey

IASbaba’s Union Budget Summary 2023-24

Hello Friends,Hope the preparation is in full swing. At this point of time focus more and more on revision. Be sincere in your effort and do not fear the examination. This is the time when your composure and calmness matter the most. Your dealing with the same will decide the strength of your readiness for the examination.We present the Summary of Union Budget 2023-24. Download The IASbaba’s Summary of Union Budget 2023-24 It is prepared considering the relevance and importance of Prelims and Mains.Kindly leave your feedback in the comment section below on the presentation of the Buget Summary. We would love to hear from you Work hard. All the best.  Download The IASbaba’s Economic Survey 2022-23 Summary To get Regular Updates from IASbaba, follow-TELEGRAM Channel – https://t.me/IASbabaOfficialAccountYOUTUBE – https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChvbVdio9Wgj7Z3nQz1Q0ZQFACEBOOK – https://www.facebook.com/iasbaba/Also, SUBSCRIBE to the WEBSITE Below, so that you don’t miss out on important posts!Thank YouIASbaba

Feb 9, 2023 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2023 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 9th February 2023

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :)After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutionsTo take the Test Click Here

Feb 8, 2023 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2023 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 8th February 2023

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :)After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutionsTo take the Test Click Here