IASbaba’s Union Budget Summary 2022-23
Hello Friends, We present the gist of Union Budget 2022-23. DOWNLOAD - CLICK HERE Note – Economic Survey 2021-22 Gist will be updated soon.
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SYNOPSIS [31st January,2022] Day 1: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)
For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE SYNOPSIS [31st January,2022] Day 1: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies) 1. You and your friends decided to take a cultural trip across India. In your incredible journey, you visited three important cities – Varanasi, Ujjain, and Rameshwaram. In all these cities, temples were the main attraction for your group. Please describe the differences you would have noticed in the design and architecture of the temples belonging to these cities? (10 Marks) Approach- Candidates need to address the difference between temples Varanasi, Ujjain and Rameswaram. With keeping in mind geographical historical background styles and different schools of temple architecture candidates can highlight the difference between temples. Introduction- The temples in India developed in every region of the country, often the geographical, climatic, ethnic, racial, historical and linguistic aspects of the region had a greater part to play in shaping the style of the temples in India which can be noticed in Varanasi, Ujjain and Rameswaram. Body Varanasi: Built by multiple patrons near and far rather than a singular local dynasty, Banaras’s temples present a compelling case study for exploring the mobility of objects, patrons, and artisans, and the negotiations between local and transregional forms. Whereas in Ujjain and Rameswaram mostly local dynasty has build temples. The ghats line the Ganges River as immense staircases that build from the edge of the river to the sky is totally different from Ujjain and Rameswaram. From the top, there are idyllic views of the sunrise and sunset. Cremations take place at the top of the ghat as well which is an unique in India. The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is the most famous religious tourist attraction of the city. In addition, the Bharat Mata Temple, Durga Temple, Tulsi Manas Temple, and the Archaeological Museum. Some patrons brought their distinctive regional styles and building methods, seen in the wood and brick “Nepali temple” (1842), sponsored by the Nepalese royal family and modeled after the Pashupatinath Temple in Kathmandu. The most important attraction of Varanasi – Ganga aarti can be witnessed on the Dashashwamedh Ghat daily at dusk. It is considered as the most spectacular ghat filled with tourists, monks, Men, Women, and children celebrating the water. This type of arti and reverence cannot be noticed in other part of India. In Varanasi most amazing aspect of this temple is that it has been destructed and re-constructed many times in history which is different from Ujjain and Rameswaram. Ujjain: Ujjain has been the Prime Meridian for Hindu geographers since the 4th century BC. Ujjain has been an excellent center for study and research based on River Kshipraa. Ujjain has many religious and ancient monuments. However many of these shrines are still in use and are modified since time to time. This has reduced the ancient appeal from the shrines as compared to Varanasi and Rameswaram. Built in Bhumija, Chalukya and Maratha styles of architecture, the temple is an architectural marvel. Of note are its marble walkways that were restored in the latter half of the 19th century by the Scindias. Ujjain has notable monuments of the region are Sandipani Ashram, Mahakal Temple, Avanti Parshwanath, Kaal Bhairav, Nava Graha Mandir. Mostly based on nagara style of architecture. Rameswaram: One of the four pilgrimage places, Char Dham of India, it modestly invites followers of Lord Shiva from everywhere to pay visit at least once in their lifetime. Rameshwaram Island being associated with the legendry temple built in marvelous Dravidian style of architecture. Many gopurum structures can be noticed. There are two gopurams, one located in the East and one located in the West. The one in the East is 78 feet high with five tiers. The one in the West is 126 feet high and has nine tiers and is known as rajagopuram. The material used for reconstruction of the temple was mainly granite. Granite stones according to historical records were shipped to this island that date far back to 1414 CE. The town has been changed many hands; main amongst them were Cholas, Jaffna Kingdom, Allaudin Khilji (Malik Kafur), Pandya Dynasty, Vijayanagara Empire, followed by some other rulers who ruled the town for a very short while before British East India Company directly took over it and made it a part of Madras Presidency. The bridge to Lanka named ‘Rama Set u’, also known as Adam’s Bridge is of religious as well as ecological importance. Conclusion Temples depict the deities in human form in such a way that the divine is brought from abstraction to accessibility, and even intimacy. It takes devotee on journey towards knowledge and realisation of formless eternal. 2. When your friend from the US visits you in India, she is mesmerized to see the Kathakali dance performed by local dancers of Kerala. She is wondering as to what do the colours of the face make up mean and what the premise of the dance is. How would you explain these to her? Discuss. (10 Marks) Approach Candidates need to directly address the question with giving simple introduction on the kathakali and then write features and explain the symbolism of face and dance expression and colours involved in the kathakali has. Introduction Kathakali originated as part of the bhakti movement and is believed to have been performed by soldiers of the kingdom, as the plays were written by a prince himself. Kathakali is a blend of dance, music and acting and dramatizes stories, which are mostly adapted from the Indian epics and it is one of the eight classical dances of India. Body Colours of face make up: Kathakali dancer emphasizes on their facial expressions instead to depict various emotions. Here body movements are specifically controlled. While most other dance forms like Bharatnatyam and Odissi focus on hand gestures and body postures. Some characters have a green face representing heroic or excellence as a warrior with red dots or lines on their cheeks or red-coloured moustache or red-streaked beard representing evil inner nature, while others have a full face and beard coloured red, the latter implying excessively evil characters. The characters in Kathakali fall into certain broad categories distinguished by their typical make-up. The face of the artist is painted over to appear as though a mask is worn. The lips, the eyelashes and the eyebrows are made to look prominent. A mixture of rice paste and lime is applied to make the chutti on the face which highlights the facial make-up. Premise of dance: Kathakali is typically structured around ‘Attakatha’ meaning the story of attam or dance. ‘Attakatha’ are plays that were historically derived from Hindu epics like ‘Bhagavata Purans’, ‘Mahabharata’ and ‘Ramayana’ which were written in certain format that allows one to determine the dialogue portions that is the Pada part and the action portions that is the Shloka part of the performance. The make-up code followed in ‘Kathakali’ conventionally typifies the characters of the acts categorising them as gods, goddesses, saints, animals, demons, and demonesses among others. The most popular stories are Nala Charitam, Duryodhana Vadham, Kalyanasowgandhikam, Keechaka Vadham, Kiratham, Karna and Shapadham. However recently, stories from other cultures, such as the story of Mary Magdalene from the Bible, and Shakespeare’s King Lear have also been adapted into Kathakali scripts to popularise the art. Conclusion Based on geographical locations, traditions, rituals many forms of dance have originated over time each having its uniqueness. Even though all might have different forms and emotions they show similar theme of devotion to Almighty, Culture, Heritage etc. Kathakali is one such cultural dance mostly adapted from the Indian epics. Q 3. Have you ever thought about the lifestyle of the people belonging to the Harappa civilisation? If you were to describe their customs, values and daily life, what would be the most important elements of your description? Comment. Approach: Introduce the lifestyle of the people belonging to the Harappa civilisation and then give your views on what should be the most important elements when describing the customs, values and daily life of the Harappa civilisation. Introduction: The Harappan Civilisation lifestyle was urban in nature with exceptional skill in building and town-planning in their civic life. Major excavations undertaken at the Indus sites have given us a fair idea about other aspects of civilization including society, customs, values and daily life, technology, economy, religion, etc. Body: Customs, Values and Daily Life of Harrappan Civilization: The Most Important Elements The social and economic life of the people of Harappan Civilization was systematic and organized. Customs Their dress habits were simple. One statue shows the use of two pieces of cloth—one for the upper portion and the other for the lower portion of the body. The upper garment was like a modern shawl that was drawn over the left shoulder and under the right so as to leave the right arm free and in the sitting posture it came down up to the feet. The lower garment was like a modern dhoti. There was very little difference in the garments worn by males and females. Both men and women of the Harappan society were fond of wearing ornaments. There were some common ornaments that were used by both. They included necklaces, fillets, armlets, rings and bangles. Ladies used some specific ornaments like girdles, nose-studs, ear-rings and anklets. There was a great variety in the shape and design of these ornaments. The wealthy people used ornaments made of gold, silver, ivory and other semi-precious stones whereas ornaments of the poor were made of copper, bronze, shell and terracotta. Beads of various designs and metals were also used in large numbers. Values The Harappan culture was a religious one. The people of Harappan civilization worshipped many gods and goddesses. Foremost among them was the Divine Mother whose clay, images have been found at Mohenjo-Daro. There also the figure of a good engraved on a seal has been found. It was a three- headed horned deity seated cross legged. Around this figure are grouped various animals. Scholars have identified this as “Pashupati” Siva. Harappans were frolic worshippers. The last aspect of Harappan religion attached much importance to the practice of Yoga. A large number of terracotta figurines show individuals in various yogic postures or asanas. Daily Life The civilization itself was a glorious conglomeration of people of various origins. As the civilization centred around city culture the social life of the people bore touches of an urban influence. Their civic life was highly disciplined and quite scientific. The inhabitants preferred to live in a proper hygienic atmosphere, as is proved by their town-planning systems. Since the people of Harappan culture were city-dwellers, they had various pastimes for useful recreation of their leisure. They entertained themselves by playing indoor games like dicing, dancing and singing. Further hunting, fishing, arranging animal and bird fights formed other sources of amusement. Conclusion: To conclude with the words of Sir John Marshall, “The Indus Valley Civilisation has been mainly an independent and indigenous growth, a product of the Indian soil marked by certain specifically Indian features not present in any other early civilization. Indeed, the Indus Valley civilisation is no less individual and national than other great river valley civilizations of antiquity.” TLP Synopsis Day 1 PDF
[INTERVIEW INITIATIVE] Think, Rethink and Perform (TRP) for UPSC/IAS 2021 Personality Test!
Dear Friends, However cliched it may sound, self reflection is important for success. When preparing for the civil services examination, aspirants get lost in their books and daily routine. The drive to get into an elite group of few hundred successful candidates is so intense that many aspirants give up their social and interpersonal lives and prefer to prepare hard in solitude. The problem arises when they have to appear in the personality test. Accustomed to fill bubbles in the OMR sheet and write answers in the QCA booklet, the very idea of talking to a board of distinguished civil servants and academicians give nightmares to many aspirants. It is natural and we understand the predicament of hundreds of aspirants who are scared to appear in front of the interview board. We also understand that one can’t prepare for the personality test by only attending mock interviews. What aspirants need is a period of self reflection and practice to get over the awkwardness and fear that comes with months of isolated preparation and lack of social interaction. We intend to help the aspirants through our Think, Rethink and Perform (TRP) initiative. The TRP is one of its kind program to prepare for the personality test. We firmly believe that to be confident about one’s views on various issues and subjects, one must be confident about his/her own self. When the members of the interview board pose questions, they are scanning through your personality to under you as a person and your beliefs, values, and ideologies. But the question is do you know your values? What is your ideology as a citizen? What ideas do you believe in? The thing is what you write in your Main exam are essentially views imported from newspapers and books. They are not your own. But the interview board is interested to know you as a person. You as an individual are not a synopsis of what you have studied during your preparation. You are much more than that. The TRP initiative is an attempt to bring the purest version of yourself. The initiative has two parts. In the first part, we ask probing questions about your personality. You don’t have to answer them on the website. These questions are meant for your own self reflection. Once you see the questions, you will realise that there are many things that you don’t know about yourself. In a matter of 10-15 days, you will start developing a sense of your personality and be confident as an individual. It will help you in shaping your ideas about the world around you. You will be consistent about your values and beliefs and you will hardly contradict yourself, a virtue so important for success in the personality test. The second part of the initiative asks your views on a range of current affairs. The questions probe your thoughts as an independent thinker. They try to sync your views with your personality and beliefs being shaped in the first part of the initiative. Once you answer 10-15 current issues, you will be on track to succeed in the real interview. We expect you to use a mirror to say your answers. You can also post your answers on the forum to have engaging discussions with your peers. TRP can be the most important element for your interview preparation. Are you ready? Please fill up the Google form given below. Students who fill the form will be added to a telegram group so that there can be healthy discussions with other students who will be appearing for the Interview/Personality Test (UPSC 2021). Also, Mohan sir will be interacting one on one with all the students who will be appearing for the same. REGISTER HERE – CLICK HERE All the Best IASbaba Team
DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 1st February 2022
Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Hoysala temples Part of: Prelims and GS-I -Culture Context: The Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysala — the Hoysala temples of Belur, Halebid and Somananthpura in Karnataka — has been finalised as India’s nomination for consideration as UNESCO’s World Heritage for 2022-23. About UNESCO’s World Heritage A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance About Hoysala Architecture Hoysala architecture is the building style developed under the rule of the Hoysala Empire between the 11th and 14th centuries, mostly concentrated in southern Karnataka. Hoysala temples are sometimes called hybrid or vesara as their unique style seems between Dravida and Nagara styles. The Hoysala temples contain multiple shrines grouped around a central pillared hall and laid out in the shape of an intricately-designed star. They are made out of soapstone which is a relatively soft stone. They are easily distinguishable from other medieval temples by their highly original star-like ground-plans and a profusion of decorative carvings. Some of the famous temples are: Hoysaleshvara temple at Halebid, Karnataka that was built in dark schist stone by the Hoysala king in 1150 Chennakeshava temple in Somnathpura, Karnataka built around AD 1268 under Narasimha III Kesava temple at Belur, Karnataka built by Vishnuvardhana. News Source: TH Burkina Faso suspended from African Union Part of: Prelims and GS-II International Relations Context: The African Union recently suspended Burkina Faso a week after the volatile country suffered its latest coup. Image courtesy: Researchgate About African Union It is a continental union consisting of 55 countries of Africa. In 2017, the AU admitted Morocco as a member state. The AU was announced in the Sirte Declaration in Sirte, Libya in 1999. It was founded in 2001 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It was launched in 2002 in Durban, South Africa. The AU’s secretariat, the African Union Commission, is based in Addis Ababa News Source: TH Reverse repo normalization Part of: Prelims and GS-III Economy Context: In a recent report, State Bank of India has stated that the stage is set for a reverse repo normalization. What is monetary policy normalization in India? The Reserve Bank of India, keeps tweaking the total amount of money in the economy to ensure smooth functioning. As such, when the RBI wants to boost economic activity it adopts a so-called “loose monetary policy”. There are two parts to such a policy i.e., injecting more money (liquidity) into the economy and RBI also lowers the interest rate it charges banks when it lends money to them; this rate is called the repo rate. The reverse of a loose monetary policy is a “tight monetary policy” and it involves the RBI raising interest rates and sucking liquidity out of the economy by selling bonds (and taking money out of the system). When any central bank finds that a loose monetary policy has started becoming counterproductive (for example, when it leads to a higher inflation rate), the central bank “normalizes the policy” by tightening the monetary policy stance. Under normal circumstances, that is when the economy is growing at a healthy pace, the repo rate becomes the benchmark interest rate in the economy. However, the reverse repo had become the benchmark rate in India since the start of the Covid pandemic. What is reverse repo normalization? Reverse repo normalization means the reverse repo rates will go up. Over the past few months, in the face of rising inflation, several central banks across the world have either increased interest rates or signaled that they would do so soon. In India, too, it is expected that the RBI will raise the repo rate. But before that, it is expected that the RBI will raise the reverse repo rate and reduce the gap between the two rates. This process of normalization, which is aimed at curbing inflation, will not only reduce excess liquidity but also result in higher interest rates across the board in the Indian economy — thus reducing the demand for money among consumers (since it would make more sense to just keep the money in the bank) and making it costlier for businesses to borrow fresh loans. Repo vs Reverse repo rate Repo rate is the rate at which the Central Bank grants loans to the commercial banks against government securities. Reverse repo rate is the interest offered by RBI to banks who deposit funds with them. News Source: IE (Mains focus) (Down to Earth: Climate Change) Jan 27: Our broken system of environmental clearance - https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/pollution/our-broken-system-of-environmental-clearance-81279 TOPIC: GS-3: Environmental impact assessment Our broken system of environmental clearance Context: The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has announced that it will rank the state environmental impact assessment authorities based on seven different criteria, which would exhibit their efficiency/on the speed at which environmental approvals are given. This received criticisms from all sides, leading the Ministry to state some clarifications – The move is aimed at encouraging the efficiency, transparency and accountability in the functioning of SEIAAs without diluting any regulatory safeguards. No SEIAA will be penalised for taking more time in granting permission. The SEIAAs are responsible for providing permissions and environmental clearance for more than 90 per cent infrastructure, developmental and industrial projects in the country, once they assess that these projects have little environmental impact. The ministry has taken several initiatives for streamlining the EC (environmental clearance) process and reduce the undue time taken in grant of clearances. As a step further new rating of SEIAAs has been introduced for encouraging the efficiency, transparency and accountability in the functioning of SEIAAs. Why did it face backlash? Undermines the role of regulatory oversight in environmental protection — recognised in several Supreme Court verdicts as one of the key instruments to ensure the right to life. The ranking exercise will compromise the SEIAAs’ mandate to assess the impact of industrial, real estate and mining schemes on the environment and lead to an unhealthy competition amongst these agencies to swiftly clear projects without due diligence. Instances where the Ministry has chipped away at key environmental regulation Extended the deadline for compliance with emission norms for most thermal power plants from 2022 to 2025 and planned to reduce the ecological protection accorded to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Diluted the Coastal Zone Notification and proposed to amend the Forest Conservation Act to allow the use of forests for infrastructural projects in areas of “strategic importance”. Granted relaxations include thermal power plants, manufacturing and mining of coal, minerals and ordinary earth for linear projects. Other Challenges Inadequate capabilities: Lack of trained EIA professionals often leads to the preparation of inadequate and irrelevant EIA reports. Public Consultation: Public comments are not considered at an early stage, which often leads to conflict at a later stage of project clearance. Neglect of indigenous knowledge: The data collectors do not pay respect to the indigenous knowledge of local people. Communication issues: Most reports in English and not in the local language. Hence, local people do not understand the intricacies of the report. Poor review or monitoring: EIA review is not up to the mark. The review agency called Impact Assessment Agency (IAA) lacks inter-disciplinary capacity. Corruption: There are so many cases of fraudulent EIA studies where erroneous data has been used, same facts used for two totally different places etc. Distorted Focus: The focus of EIA needs to shift from utilization and exploitation of natural resources to conservation of natural resources. Exempt Categories: For defence and national security installations, the EMP (Environment Management Plan) are often kept confidential for political and administrative reasons. Considered as impediment to the ease of doing business: Industries and business interests have long regarded EIA as a thorn in their side increasing their transaction cost and complicating the business process. Conclusion At a time when climate change is driving home the ecological fragility of large parts of India and pollution and water scarcity are taking a serious toll on the well-being of people in cities, towns, and villages, regulatory bodies require enabling policies to perform their tasks with rigour. The grading exercise, instead, reduces them to clearing houses. The Centre must rethink its move. Note: Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) UNEP defines EIA as a tool used to identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It aims to Predict environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and design, Find ways and means to reduce adverse impacts, Shape projects to suit the local environment and Present the predictions and options to decision-makers. By using EIA both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduced cost and time of project implementation and design, avoided treatment/clean-up costs and impacts of laws and regulations. EIA in India is statutorily backed by the Environment Protection Act, 1986 which contains various provisions on EIA methodology and process The assessment is carried out by an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC), which consists of scientists and project management experts. What is the philosophy behind EIA? The basis in global environmental law for the EIA is the “precautionary principle”. Environmental harm is often irreparable — one cannot reverse an oil spill. It is cheaper to avoid damage to the environment than to remedy it. Also, we are legally bound to the precautionary principle under international treaties and obligations, as well as by Supreme Court judgments. History of EIA in India The Indian experience with EIA began in 1976-77 when the Planning Commission asked the Department of Science and Technology to examine the river-valley projects from an environmental angle. Till 1994, environmental clearance from the Central Government was an administrative decision and lacked legislative support. In 1994, the Union Environment ministry under the Environmental (Protection) Act 1986, promulgated an EIA notification making Environmental Clearance (EC) mandatory for activity listed in Schedule 1 of the notification Since then there have been 12 amendments made in the EIA notification of 1994 the latest one being in 2006 which has put the onus of clearing projects on the state government depending on the size/capacity of the project. Additionally, donor agencies operating in India like the World Bank and the ADB have a different set of requirements for giving environmental clearance to projects that are funded by them Can you answer the following questions? What are the main principles of environmental impact assessment (EIA)? Is EIA central to various infrastructure projects in India? Examine. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Q.1 Consider the following statements regarding reverse repo normalization: Reverse repo normalization means the reverse repo rates will go up. The process of normalization reduces excess liquidity and results in higher interest rates Which of the above is or are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2 African Union was launched in which of the following country? South Africa Libya Ethiopia Sudan Q.3 Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysala belong to which of the following state of India? Andhra Pradesh Telangana Tamil Nadu Karnataka ANSWERS FOR 1st Feb 2022 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 C 2 A 3 D
UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 1st February 2022
For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here
IASbaba’s Think Learn Perform (TLP - Phase 1) 2022 - UPSC Mains Answer Writing General Studies Paper 1 Questions [1st February, 2022] – Day 2
For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Everyone, TLP being an integral formula for success for many toppers over the years including Rank 1 is no secret. In their ‘must to-do' list for the UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination, TLP by far occupies the first place. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the actual Mains. You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, we will post 3 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (12 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal. From this year we have integrated the TLP free answer writing page in the main website itself, unlike previous years. So all the answers should be posted under the questions for the evaluation. Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. To Know More about TLP -> CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. With the help of suitable examples, discuss the key features of Buddhist literature. (10 Marks) उपयुक्त उदाहरणों की सहायता से बौद्ध साहित्य की प्रमुख विशेषताओं की चर्चा कीजिए। 2. In India, music is deeply integrated into the lives of common people - their traditions and the nature that they inhabit. Elucidate. (10 Marks) भारत में, संगीत आम लोगों के जीवन में गहराई से एकीकृत है - उनकी परंपराएं और प्रकृति जिसमें वे निवास करते हैं। स्पष्ट करें। 3. We often hear instances of police brutality. Do you think empathy is the most scarce virtue in the police forces? What measures would you suggest to impart the virtue of empathy? Discuss. (15 Marks) हम अक्सर पुलिस की बर्बरता के उदाहरण सुनते हैं। क्या आपको लगता है कि पुलिस बलों में सहानुभूति सबसे दुर्लभ गुण है? सहानुभूति का गुण प्रदान करने के लिए आप क्या उपाय सुझाएंगे? चर्चा करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)
UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 1st February 2022
For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here
DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 31st January 2022
Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) India-Oman Defence Relations Part of: Prelims and GS-II -International Relations Context: Oman’s top defence official Mohammed Nasser Al Zaabi, is on an official visit to Delhi to co-chair the Joint Military Cooperation Committee (JMMC) with Indian Defence Secretary. Key takeaways The JMCC is the highest forum of engagement between India and Oman in the field of defence that evaluates and provides guidance to the overall framework of defence exchanges between the two sides. The JMCC is expected to meet annually, but could not be organised since 2018 when the meeting of the 9th JMCC was held in Oman. Why is Oman important from a defence and strategic point of view? Oman is India’s closest defence partner in the Gulf region and an important anchor for India’s defence and strategic interests. Defence cooperation has emerged as a key pillar for the robust India-Oman strategic partnership. Defence exchanges are guided by a Framework MOU which was recently renewed in 2021. Oman is the only country in the Gulf region with which all three services of the Indian armed forces conduct regular bilateral exercises and staff talks. Oman also provides critical operational support to Indian naval deployments in the Arabian sea for anti-piracy missions. Oman also actively participates in the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS). The Indian Ocean Naval Symposium is a series of biennial meetings between the littoral states of the Indian Ocean region. It provides a forum to increase maritime security cooperation, discuss regional maritime issues, and promote friendly relationships among the member states Image courtesy: IE News Source: IE Federated Digital Identities Part of: Prelims and GS-III Economy Context: The government has invited stakeholder comments on a proposal that seeks to establish ‘Federated Digital Identities’ to optimise the number of digital identities that a citizen needs to have, by linking various consumer identification data into a single unique ID for digital transactions such as authentication and eKYC services. Key takeaways The proposal is part of the Electronics and IT Ministry’s India Enterprise Architecture 2.0 (IndEA 2.0) framework As various government platforms across domains are being digitised, there is a tendency to create more IDs each with its own ID card, ID management, and effort to make it unique, etc. Having multiple IDs makes it harder for the common man himself. Especially given the diversity in education, awareness and capabilities, this also has a potential to further create exclusion scenarios. About India Enterprise Architecture 2.0 (IndEA 2.0) IndEA 2.0 aims to enable the governments and the private sector enterprises to design IT architectures that can span beyond organisational boundaries for delivery of integrated services. InDEA 2.0 proposes a model of Federated Digital Identities that seeks to optimise the number of digital identities that a citizen needs to have. The model empowers the citizen by putting her in control of these identities and providing her the option of choosing which one to use for what purpose. It gives the agency to the citizens and protects privacy-by-design. Electronic registries can be linked via the IDs to allow easy, paperless onboarding of citizens and also avoid repeated data verification needs. For example When a beneficiary is registered for the PDS scheme, that record will be linked to Aadhaar by the PDS system storing the Aadhaar number (or a tokenised version of it). Similarly, when someone obtains a PAN, that record gets linked to Aadhaar where the Aadhaar number becomes the linking ID. Thus, if that person obtains a mutual fund account, the PAN, in turn, gets linked to the mutual fund record. News Source: TH Anti-Leprosy Day Part of: Prelims and GS-II Health Context: In India, Anti Leprosy Day is observed on 30th January every year. 30th January is Mahatma Gandhi's martyrdom day. He was deeply committed to the cause of leprosy-affected persons. What is Leprosy? Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Infection can lead to damage of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. Leprosy is also one of the neglected tropical diseases. Initiatives against Leprosy National Leprosy Eradication Programme is a centrally sponsored scheme. Its vision is “Leprosy-free India”. Under this, action is taken for early case detection, complete treatment of detected cases and to contain the onset of disease in close contacts. Other initiatives under the programme include leprosy awareness campaigns and services for Disability Prevention and Medical Rehabilitation such as provision of Microcellular Rubber footwear, Aids & Appliances and self-care kits. Under the programme, Reconstructive Surgeries are conducted and welfare allowance is paid to each patient undergoing Reconstructive Surgeries. News Source: Newsonair Miscellaneous Rafael Nadal Rafael Nadal made history by becoming the first male tennis player ever to reach 21 Majors. Rafa has been on a relentless journey to clinch this historic 21st Slam. Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent or between two teams of two players each Organized tennis is played according to rules sanctioned by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the world governing body of the sport (News from PIB) India and Israel Part of: Mains GS-II: GS-2: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests In News: 30 years ago, full diplomatic relations were established between India and Israel. Since then, India and Israel have successfully steered the relationship forward, despite the baggage of fraught and convulsive neighbourhoods. Evolution of India’s relationship with Israel & Palestine 1. Nehru and Indira Gandhi era – Idealism & unequivocally pro-Palestine India stopped at recognising Israel India recognised Israel in 1950. PM Nehru’s reasoning -it was “an established fact”, and that not doing so would create rancour between two UN members. However, India did not have full diplomatic ties with Israel. All there was to show for the bilateral relationship was a consulate in Mumbai, established in 1953, mainly for issuing visas to the Indian Jewish community, and to Christian pilgrims. This too was shut down in 1982 for six years when Consul General criticised India in a newspaper interview There was no Indian embassy in Israel till 1992. In 1948, India was the only non-Arab-state among 13 countries that voted against the UN partition plan of Palestine in the General Assembly that led to the creation of Israel. Reasons for India siding with Palestine (and a cold shoulder for Israel) was India’s own Partition along religious lines (Historical basis) Solidarity with the Palestinian people who would be dispossessed (HR Perspective) To ward off Pakistan’s plan to isolate India over Kashmir (Geopolitical reason) Later, India’s energy dependence on the Arab countries also became a factor (Economic & Pragmatism) To appeal to the sentiments of India’s own Muslim citizens (Domestic Politics) India and Palestine The relationship with Palestine was almost an article of faith in Indian foreign policy for over four decades. At the 53rd UN session, India co-sponsored the draft resolution on the right of the Palestinians to self-determination. In the 1967 and 1973 wars, India lashed out at Israel as the aggressor. In the 1970s, India rallied behind the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organisation) and its leader Yasser Arafat (received as Head of State) as the sole and legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. In 1988, when the PLO declared an independent state of Palestine with its capital in East Jerusalem, India granted recognition immediately. 2. Changes after 1991- Pragmatism The opening of an Indian embassy in Tel Aviv in January 1992 marked an end to four decades of giving Israel the cold shoulder. India’s decision to normalise ties with Israel in 1992 came against the backdrop of the break-up of the Soviet Union, need for economic pragmatism (i.e. access to Israeli technology), common threats of terrorism and massive shifts in the geopolitics of West Asia on account of the first Gulf War in 1990. The India-Israel relationship continued to grow, mostly through defence deals, and in sectors such as science and technology and agriculture. There were few high-profile visits, and they all took place when the BJP-led NDA-1 under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee was in office. India’s balancing act with Palestine Despite growing Indo-Israel ties, New Delhi remained firmly on the side of the PLO, which was seen as ready for a political solution, and had accepted the two-state solution. In 1996 India opened a Representative Office in Gaza, which later moved to Ramallah. During the UPA’s 10 years in office, the balancing act intensified, and Mahmoud Abbas, head of the Palestinian Authority that administers the West Bank, visited in 2005, 2008, 2010 and 2012. India voted for Palestine to become a full member of UNESCO in 2011 In 20212, India co-sponsored the UN General Assembly resolution that enabled Palestine to become a “non-member” observer state at the UN without voting rights. India also supported the installation of the Palestinian flag on the UN premises in September 2015. 3. Changes after 2014– whispers of Pro-Israel India never openly acknowledged the relationship with Israel fully, since it opened its diplomatic office in 1992. It was during NDA-2 that the government under PM Modi decided to take full ownership of the relationship with Israel. In 2016, India abstained again at on a UNHRC resolution against Israel. Until 2017, in various statements, with its expression of support for a two-state solution, India had always included a line in support of East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian state. The reference to East Jerusalem went missing – considered as substantial shift of India’s policy- in PM Modi’s statement during PLO chief Mahmoud Abbas visit to India in 2017 In February 2018, Modi became the first Indian Prime Minister to visit Israel. His itinerary did not include Ramallah (Palestine). The signal was that India had “de-hyphenated” the Israel-Palestine relationship, and would deal with each separately. India and Israel have a Joint Working Group on Counter-terrorism and the two countries also share real time intelligence to deal with the menace. The two countries collaborated to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic. The Jewish diaspora in India remains unique because like other communities, it coexisted peacefully in India for hundreds of years but maintained its Jewish identity despite a long isolation from other Jewish communities. Note: Israeli Prime Minister: Naftali Bennett Masada Fortress in Israel, illuminated with lights, as the two countries celebrate 30 years of diplomatic relations. International Holocaust Remembrance Day on 27th Jan: Maharaja Jam Sahib of Nawanagar not only saved lives of several Jewish children but providing them shelter during World War II but also took care of them as long as they chose to be under his guardianship. Our two countries share values of democracy and pluralism. We also share some of our guiding civilizational philosophies: Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam in India, or the world is one family, and Tikun Olam in Israel, or heal the world. The central text of Rabbinic Judaism, Talmud, mentions trade with India in ginger and iron. Another foremost religious text, The Book of Esther, mentions India as Hodu. In 1916, one of the lawyers in the team defending one of our major nationalist leaders, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, was a Jew, David Erulkar. India’s historic connection with Jerusalem going back to Sufi Saint baba Farid meditating in a cave inside the city walls around 1200 CE, the role of Indian soldiers in the region during World War I and how some of these soldiers also ensured the safety of the spiritual leader of the Baha’i Faith in Israel at that time. News Source: PIB Green Ports & Green Shipping in India Part of: Prelims and Mains GS-III: Infrastructure In news: A number of initiatives have been taken in India to promote green ecosystem in maritime sector, in line with International Maritime Organization (IMO)’s 2030 Decarbonization strategy and 2050 Green House Gases (GHG) strategy. Ministry is also working on draft of a “Green Port Policy” document to suggest framework and guidelines for incorporation of green initiatives in the port sector. The proposed target outcomes will help India in achieving the “Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) target, as well as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) 2030 target. Initiatives include Increase share of renewable energy to more than 60% across major ports by 2030,setting up of solar power plants, availing of shore power supply to vessels via berths, Multi-clean fuel adoption for vehicles within port ecosystem, Gradual phasing out of diesel locomotives at ports Acquisition of equipments for monitoring environmental pollution, Acquisition of dust suppression systems, Setting up of sewage/ waste water treatment plants, Setting up of garbage disposal system for ports and ships, Developing shore reception facility for wastes from ships, Setting up projects for energy generation from renewable energy sources, Providing shore power to ships at berths, Creating Oil Spill Response (Tier-1) capabilities at all ports, Taking actions to improve harbour water quality, Inclusion of sustainable practices in terminal design, development and operation, Increasing green cover within port premises In order to enhance the share of Green Shipping, various projects are being implemented by Cochin Shipyard Ltd., India’s largest shipbuilding and maintenance facility- Green urban mobility solutions like Hybrid Electric Ferries Autonomous Zero-emission vessels Pilot project on Hydrogen Fuel Cell Ferry, Electric Catamaran Water Taxi, Hybrid Electric Ro-Ro, Hybrid LNG-Electric Inland Cargo Carrier, Hybrid Tugs, etc. The Way Forward Possibilities are also being explored for deployment of fully electric ferry and hydrogen fuelled ferries on Inland Waterways for enhancement of river cruise tourism in the country. Ports to take the Green Initiatives forward by putting dedicated proactive efforts towards greening of maritime sector including finalization of green port policy. The pace at which the Green initiatives are undertaken by the 12 major ports will surely bring a green revolution in the sector making the ports cleaner and greener, which is also a key component of ‘Blue Economy’, creating environmental benefits and balancing the investments and cash flow. News Source: PIB (Mains Focus) ECONOMY/ GOVERNANCE GS-3: Economy & developmental challenges GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Kerala’s SilverLine project Context: Despite the protests taking place across Kerala against SilverLine, state government remains firm on implementing the project. Image Source: Indian Express What is Kerala’s SilverLine project? The proposed 529.45-km line will link Thiruvananthapuram in the south to Kasaragod in the north, covering 11 districts through 11 stations. When the project is completed, one can travel from Kasaragod to Thiruvananthapuram in less than four hours at 200 km/hr. On the existing Indian Railways network, it now takes 12 hours. The deadline for the project, being executed by the Kerala Rail Development Corporation Limited (KRDCL), is 2025. KRDCL, or K-Rail, is a joint venture between the Kerala government and the Union Ministry of Railways created to execute big railway projects. According to K-Rail, the project will have trains of electric multiple unit (EMU) type, each with preferably nine cars extendable to 12. A nine-car rake can seat a maximum of 675 passengers in business and standard class settings. What was the need for the SilverLine project? Urban policy experts have long been arguing that the existing railway infrastructure in Kerala cannot meet the demands of the future. Most trains run at an average speed of 45 km/hr due to a lot of curves and bends on the existing stretch. The government claims the SilverLine project can take a significant load of traffic off the existing stretch and make travel faster for commuters, which in turn will reduce congestion on roads and help reduce accidents. The government claims the line will also Reduce greenhouse gas emissions Help in expansion of Ro-Ro services Produce employment opportunities Integrate airports and IT corridors, Enable faster development of cities it passes through. Where does the project stand now? The state government has begun the process of land acquisition after the Cabinet gave its approval in June 2021. Out of 1,383 hectares needed to be acquired, 1,198 hectares will be private land. The Cabinet has also approved administrative sanction to get Rs 2,100 crore from the Kerala Infrastructure Investment Fund Board (KIIFB), the investment arm of the government. While Kerala Chief Minister has written to Prime Minister Modi requesting his ‘personal intervention’ to give all necessary clearances, the Centre has only given an in-principle approval to the project. The line is expected to be constructed using equity funds from the Kerala government, the Centre and loans from multilateral lending agencies. A part of the detailed project report (DPR) was released by the government following demands by opposition parties and activists. Also, the state government is planning to issue a ‘white paper’ on the project, explaining its benefits and potential in the future. Members of the planning board will hold extensive consultations as part of the drafting of the ‘white paper’. Why are there protests against the project? Political parties and citizen outfits have been spearheading separate protests. A petition signed by 17 Opposition MPs from the state said the project Project was financially unviable Would sink the state further into debt. Would lead to the displacement of over 30,000 families An “astronomical scam in the making” Green activists allege that SilverLine would cause great environmental harm as its route cuts through precious wetlands, paddy fields and hills. Citizen outfits allege that building of embankments on either side of the major portion of the line will block natural drainage and cause floods during heavy rains. Connecting the dots: On Paris Climate deal COP26 Climate Conference ECONOMY/ GOVERNANCE GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment. DLI scheme and the chip making industry Context: India has invited applications from 100 domestic companies, startups and small and medium enterprises to become a part of the design-linked incentive (DLI) scheme. Also, IT ministry has sought proposals from academia, start-ups and MSMEs to train 85,000 qualified engineers on semiconductor design and manufacturing. Do You Know? It is estimated that the semiconductor industry is growing fast and can reach $1 trillion dollar in this decade. India can grow fast and reach $64 billion by 2026 from $27 billion today. Mobiles, wearables, IT and industrial components are the leading segments in the Indian semiconductor industry contributing around 80% of the revenues in 2021. The mobile and wearables segment is valued at $13.8 billion and is expected to reach $31.5 billion in 2026 What is the DLI scheme? The DLI scheme aims to provide financial and infrastructural support to companies setting up fabs or semiconductor making plants in India. It will offer fiscal support of up to 50% of the total cost to eligible participants who can set up these fabs in the country. It will also offer fiscal support of 30% of the capital expenditure to participants for building compound semiconductors, silicon photonics and sensors fabrication plants in India, under this scheme. An incentive of 4% to 6% on net sales will be provided for five years to companies of semiconductor design for integrated circuits, chipsets, system on chips, systems and IP cores. It is expected to facilitate the growth of at least 20 such companies which can achieve a turnover of more than ₹1500 crore in the coming five years. How can the scheme make a difference in the semiconductor manufacturing industry in India? The sudden increase in demand of chips and semiconductor components has enhanced the need to establish a robust semiconductor ecosystem in India. Several sectors, including auto, telecom, and medical technology suffered due to the scarcity of chips manufactured by only a few countries. Schemes like the DLI are crucial to avoid high dependencies on a few countries or companies. The inception of new companies will help in meeting the domestic demand and encourage innovation in India. The DLI scheme aims to attract existing and global players as it will support their expenditures related to design software, IP rights, development, testing and deployment. It is a big step to bring India on the world map for semiconductor manufacturing. What are other countries doing to be dominant in the race of chip making? Currently, semiconductor manufacturing is dominated by companies in the U.S., Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Israel and the Netherlands. They are also making efforts in solving the chip shortage problem. U.S President Joe Biden wants to bring manufacturing back to America and reduce the country’s reliance on a small number of chipmakers based largely in Taiwan and South Korea. These chipmakers produce up to 70% of the world’s semiconductors. The European Commission has also announced a public-private semiconductor alliance with the goal of increasing Europe’s chip production share to 20% by 2030. South Korea has offered various incentives to attract $450 billion in investments by 2030. What are the challenges in making semiconductors in India? In India, more than 90% of global companies already have their R&D; and design centres for semiconductors but never established their fabrication units, Although India has semiconductor fabs in Mohali and Bangalore, they are purely strategic for defence and space applications only. Setting up fabs is capital intensive and needs investment in the range of $5 billion to $10 billion. Lack of investments and supportive government policies are some of the challenges to set up fabs in India. Infrastructure like connectivity to airports, seaports and availability of gallons of pure water are some other challenges to set up fabs in India. Conclusion Design Linked Incentive (DLI) scheme along with the recent Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme have become crucial in shaping India as an efficient, equitable, and resilient design and manufacturing hub. Connecting the dots: Semiconductors and Industry 4.0 Semiconductor Shortage (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Q.1 India Enterprise Architecture 2.0 (IndEA 2.0) is a framework under which of the following Ministry Ministry of Electronics and IT Ministry of Urban Affairs Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Ministry of Commerce Q.2 Leprosy is caused by which of the following? Fungi Bacteria Virus Bacteriophage Q.3 Oman's relative location is: West of Africa Southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula North of Syria East of Iraq ANSWERS FOR 31st Jan 2022 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 A 2 B 3 B Must Read On Russia-Ukraine conflict: The Hindu On Mahatma Gandhi: The Hindu On Indian Agriculture: Indian Express
IASbaba’s Think Learn Perform (TLP - Phase 1) 2022 - UPSC Mains Answer Writing General Studies Paper 1 Questions [31st January, 2022] – Day 1
For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Everyone, TLP being an integral formula for success for many toppers over the years including Rank 1 is no secret. In their ‘must to-do' list for the UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination, TLP by far occupies the first place. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the actual Mains. You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, we will post 3 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (12 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal. From this year we have integrated the TLP free answer writing page in the main website itself, unlike previous years. So all the answers should be posted under the questions for the evaluation. Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. To Know More about TLP -> CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. You and your friends decided to take a cultural trip across India. In your incredible journey, you visited three important cities - Varanasi, Ujjain, and Rameshwaram. In all these cities, temples were the main attraction for your group. Please describe the differences you would have noticed in the design and architecture of the temples belonging to these cities? आपने और आपके दोस्तों ने पूरे भारत में एक सांस्कृतिक यात्रा करने का फैसला किया है। अपनी अविश्वसनीय यात्रा में, आपने तीन महत्वपूर्ण शहरों - वाराणसी, उज्जैन और रामेश्वरम का दौरा किया। इन सभी शहरों में मंदिर आपके समूह के मुख्य आकर्षण थे। कृपया उन अंतरों का वर्णन करें जिन्हें आपने इन शहरों के मंदिरों के डिजाइन और वास्तुकला में देखा होगा? 2. When your friend from the US visits you in India, she is mesmerized to see the Kathakali dance performed by local dancers of Kerala. She is wondering as to what do the colours of the face make up mean and what the premise of the dance is. How would you explain these to her? Discuss. जब आपकी यूएस की दोस्त भारत में आपसे मिलने आती है, तो वह केरल के स्थानीय नर्तकों द्वारा किए गए कथकली नृत्य को देखकर मंत्रमुग्ध हो जाती है। वह सोच रही है कि चेहरे के रंगों का क्या मतलब है और नृत्य का आधार क्या है। आप उसे ये कैसे समझाएंगे? चर्चा करें। 3. Have you ever thought about the lifestyle of the people belonging to the Harappa civilisation? If you were to describe their customs, values and daily life, what would be the most important elements of your description? Comment. क्या आपने कभी हड़प्पा सभ्यता के लोगों की जीवन शैली के बारे में सोचा है? यदि आप उनके रीति-रिवाजों, मूल्यों और दैनिक जीवन का वर्णन करें, तो आपके विवरण के सबसे महत्वपूर्ण तत्व क्या होंगे? टिप्पणी करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)
UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 31st January 2022
For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here