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Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 17th November 2021

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 1 Questions [17th November, 2021] – Day 27

Archives Hello Students   TLP has been an integral ingredient of success for many toppers is no secret. In the ‘must do’ list for the civil services exam, TLP is by far the most popular initiative. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the Mains.   You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, in the TLP initiative, we post 5 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (11 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal.   This year onwards TLP will have a Dedicated Portal for Focused Preparation (tlpmains.iasbaba.com). There will be a separate dedicated portal similar to (RaRe Series) which students loved and appreciated. The Portal will help you stay focused and keep your preparation streamlined. The Registration link for the dedicated portal is given at the end of the post. We are charging a token amount of 10/- for registration to the dedicated portal. We are doing it because we want to create a community of sincere aspirants who are focused and motivated till the Mains Examination. Please don’t take it otherwise. It is our honest effort to give you the best and at the same time expect students to come with the same energy and dedication to the dedicated platform specially designed for YOU! Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. UPSC 2022 Aspirants are encouraged to participate as well. Register Here - CLICK HERE  To Know More About TLP 2022 (Phase 2) - CLICK HERE To Access Day 27 Questions - CLICK HERE P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other’s answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best 

IASbaba's Courses

OPEN SESSION on How to Score 400+ in GS Mains 2021 in BANGALORE on 18th November at 11 AM

Dear Students We are organizing a detailed session by Mohan Sir who will share some of the most trusted and tested techniques to score 400+ in the General Studies Mains Examination. The open session will be at BANGALORE CENTRE. Use this opportunity to build a strong foundation. Mohan Sir’s session will be followed by a Free 1:1 Mentorship Session Our experienced Mentors will guide the Mains 2021 Students in this free Mentorship session. Students can come along with any TLP Answers/ any other answer sheet and get general feedback from the Mentor. It can help in improving your score by a few marks. Remember each and every mark is important in the Mains examination not only for getting a rank but also for getting your dream service. IASbaba’s TLP+ Student Rank 28, DIVYA MISHRA is on the TOP SCORERS in GS with 455 Marks.  DATE & TIME – 18th November at 11 AM. VENUE – IASbaba TLP Centre, Second floor, 80ft Main Road, Ganapathi Circle, Vijayanagar, Chandra Layout, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560040 CLICK HERE TO REGISTER FOR THE OPEN SESSION - CLICK HERE TLP+ 2021 Simulation Tests with Mentorship - CLICK HERE

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 16th November 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Chennai-Bengaluru road project Part of: Prelims and GS-III- Infrastructure  Context The Expert Appraisal Committee of the Environment Ministry has recommended phase-III of the eight-lane expressway between Chennai and Bengaluru for environment clearance. Key takeaways  Implemented by: National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). It passes through Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh and Vellore, Ranipet, Kancheepuram and Tiruvallur districts of Tamil Nadu. Objective: The project is meant to improve connectivity between Bengaluru and Chennai It would also act as a link between the major commercial and industrial centres of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu One animal underpass has also been proposed on the Forest Department’s recommendation About Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of the Environment Ministry  The EACs’ primary role in the environmental clearance (EC) process is to give recommendations to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) on project proposals after considering the potential impacts of the project. Based on these recommendations, the MoEFCC either rejects the proposal or grants a clearance with conditions which would mitigate the impacts or compensate for the same. Monetary disbursement to States to sustain recovery Part of: Prelims and GS-II - Center-state relations and GS-III- Economy Context The Centre will remit Rs. 95,082 crore to States next week, which is double the funds due to them from the shareable pool of taxes to enable them to deploy more money on capital spending. Key takeaways  A meeting was held between the states and the Central government to figure out ways to sustain the economic recovery after the second COVID-19 wave and understand States’ concerns and plans The context of the meeting: After the second wave, India is seeing a robust growth. However, it’s also a time where it plans to sustain the growth, take it as close as possible to a double-digit growth for which the Centre and States have to work together. Suggested methods to achieve growth States were urged to help India become the fastest growing economy in coming years. Methods suggested  Facilitating investment attractiveness  Expediting ease of doing business measures  Undertaking power sector reforms. Smoothen land acquisition Create land banks for investors  Monetisation of public assets,  Urban factors, the actual cause of pollution Part of: Prelims and GS-III - Environment  Context In recent affidavits filed by the Centre and the Delhi Government to the Supreme Court, it has been highlighted that farm fires/stubble burning in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh contributed to only 10% of the pollution. Key takeaways  Urban factors as major cause: Urban factors such as construction activities, industry, vehicular exhaust and road dust were actually the major causes of pollution in Delhi and not farmers’ stubble burning. In the previous hearing, the court had questioned the narrow focus of the Centre and the Delhi Government on farmers. Firm commitment needed: The SC, while insisting that stubble burning was not the major cause, urged the Centre, Delhi and the States towards a firm commitment to act against pollution. Too few mechanised road sweepers: SC was shocked to realise that Delhi had only 69 mechanised road sweepers to cover all the streets of the Capital. Urgent meeting: The court directed the Centre to call an urgent meeting in 24 hours with Punjab, Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to craft urgent and effective anti-pollution measures and their implementation. The court also asked the Centre, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to introduce work from home for now. Tech NEEV/नींव @75 Part of: Prelims and GS-III - Sci and tech Context Union Minister of State for the Ministry of Science and Technology inaugurated “Tech NEEV/ नींव @75” as part of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav and interacted with successful start-ups including those from the tribal communities on the occasion of Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas. Key takeaways  Science Technology and Innovation (STI) Hubs: The Government will be setting up 30 Science Technology and Innovation (STI) Hubs in different parts of the country for Scheduled Tribes (STs) by end of 2022 to promote scientific talent among tribal communities and for their overall socio-economic development. Out of 75 proposed STI Hubs for SCs/STs, 20 have already been established by Department of Science and Technology which will directly benefit 20,000 people through various interventions spreading across farm, non-farm and other allied livelihood sectors. Tech NEEV is a year-long celebration highlighting the impact of Science Technology Innovation (STI) in empowering communities for creating equitable inclusive economic growth. The 75 hour programme includes experience sharing of beneficiaries, community change leaders, societal changemakers conclave and round table discussions  Exercise 'SITMEX' Part of: Prelims and GS-II - International Relations and GS-III - Defence and security Context Indian Naval Ship (INS) Karmuk, an indigenously built Missile Corvette is participating in the 3rd edition of India, Singapore and Thailand Trilateral Maritime Exercise SITMEX – 21, from 15 to 16 Nov 21 in Andaman Sea. Key takeaways  SITMEX is being conducted annually since 2019 with an aim to enhance mutual inter-operability and imbibing best practices between Indian Navy (IN), RSN and RTN. SITMEX-21 will fortify the long-standing bond of friendship and further enhance the cooperation between the participating navies towards augmenting the overall maritime security in the region. Miscellaneous Birsa Munda museum Birsa Munda museum was recently inaugurated in Ranchi. Nine other tribal museums — one each in Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, Manipur, Mizoram and Goa — would be opened soon. Rani Kamalpati Railway Station Habibganj railway station was recently renamed after Rani Kamlapati, an 18th century Gond queen. The Gond community is the largest tribal group in India with more than 1.2 crore population. The community is largely spread in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattsigarh and Jharkhand. (News from PIB) 41st Scientific Expedition to Antarctica Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II – International relations  In News: India has successfully launched the 41st Scientific Expedition to Antarctica with the arrival of the first batch of its contingent at the southern white continent. The first program encompasses geological exploration of the Amery ice shelf at Bharati station. This will help explore the link between India and Antarctica in the past. The second program involves reconnaissance surveys and preparatory work for drilling of 500 meters of ice core near Maitri. It will help in improving the understanding of Antarctic climate, westerly winds, sea-ice and greenhouse gases from a single climate archive for past 10,000 years. The ice core drilling will be done in collaboration with the British Antarctic Survey and the Norwegian Polar Institute. In addition to accomplishing scientific programs, it will replenish the annual supplies of food, fuel, provisions, and spares for operations and maintenance of life support systems at Maitri and Bharati. The Indian Antarctic program Began in 1981, and has completed 40 scientific expeditions, and built three permanent research base stations in Antarctica, named DakshinGangotri (1983), Maitri (1988) and Bharati (2012). As of today, Maitri and Bharati are fully operational.  The National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), Goa—an autonomous institute under the Ministry of Earth Sciences—manages the entire Indian Antarctic program. Dakshin Gangotri: First Indian scientific research base station established in Antarctica Maitri: India’s second permanent research station in Antarctica. It is situated on the rocky mountainous region called Schirmacher Oasis. India also built a freshwater lake around Maitri known as Lake Priyadarshini. Bharti: India’s latest research station operation since 2012. It is India’s first committed research facility. Sagar Nidhi: In 2008, India commissioned the Sagar Nidhi, for research. An ice-class vessel, it can cut through the thin ice of 40 cm depth and is the first Indian vessel to navigate Antarctic waters. News Source: PIB India & ADB Sign $61 Million Loan Part of: GS Prelims In News: The Government of India and Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a $61 million loan to improve livability, harness technology, and promote new developments to accommodate the expanding population in Agartala city while building capacity of state agencies for improved service delivery. The project is aligned to the vision of the Government of India’s Smart City Mission to upgrade urban infrastructure services and will improve livability in Agartala with provision of better road connectivity, flood resilient measures and making tourist places more attractive. ADB will catalyze synergies with the smart city components being implemented in Agartala through an underground utility corridor with shifting of electrical lines, incorporating elderly, women, children, and differently abled responsive features, improving road geometry along with urban design interventions The provision of an asset management and sustainability strategy, capacity-building of tourism operators and livelihood improvement of street vendors and artisans, will serve as a model to other assets and tourist attractions in Agartala, and other cities in the state of Tripura. The Project  Will build and upgrade 48 kilometers (km) of new or existing storm water drainage  Construct 23 km of climate-resilient urban roads Renovating open spaces and creating water recreation and lakeside walkways in the Maharaja Bir Bikram College lake and the Ujjayanta Palace which are major tourist attractions in the city. News Source: PIB (Mains Focus) INTERNATIONAL/ ENVIRONMENT GS-2: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests  GS-3: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation  Glasgow Climate Pact: Achievements & Disappointments Context: The Glasgow Climate Pact was adopted on 13th Nov 2021 and, as was to be expected, it is a mixed bag of modest achievements and disappointed expectations.  Modest Achievements Tacit consensus on 1.5o target: The notional target of limiting the global temperature rise to 2 degrees celcius above pre-industrial levels (Paris Agreement) remains but the international discourse is now firmly anchored in the more ambitious target of limiting the temperature rise to 1.5 degrees to match the scale of the climate emergency. Focus on Phasing down Coal: The Pact is the first clear recognition of the need to transition away from fossil fuels, though the focus was on giving up coal-based power altogether. The original draft had contained a pledge to “phase out” coal. India introduced an amendment at the last moment to replace it with “phase down”.  The amendment from phase out to “phase down” came as a result of consultations among India, China, the UK and the US. Recognition of the importance of Adaptation: World recognised that mere mitigation is not enough and that adaptation needs to be mainstreamed into developmental strategies. There is now a commitment to double the current finance available for this to developing countries. Renewed Commitment for Climate Finance: The Paris Agreement target of $100 billion per annum between 2005-2020 was never met with the shortfall being more than half. There is now a renewed commitment to delivering on this pledge in the 2020-2025 period and there is a promise of an enhanced flow thereafter.  Compensation for loss and damage for developing countries: This is now part of the multilateral discourse and the US has agreed that it should be examined in working groups. That is a step forward but is unlikely to translate into a meaningful flow of funds any time soon. Methane Pledge: Agreement was signed among 100 countries to cut methane emissions by 30 per cent by 2030. Reverse deforestation: Another group of 100 countries has agreed to begin to reverse deforestation by 2030. Since the group includes Brazil and Indonesia, which have large areas of forests that are being ravaged by legal and illegal logging, there is hope that there will be progress in expanding one of the most important carbon sinks on the planet.  Clarity on Article 6 of Paris agreement- There is greater clarity on how bilateral carbon trades can proceed and the creation of a centralised hub that replaces Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism. Criteria have been set out for countries to use CERs from projects registered after January 1, 2013 to meet their first NDC or first adjusted NDC.  It also designates a 12-member Supervisory Body to oversee the emerging hub and to review the baselines of recognised credits New commitments by India: PM announced India’s commitment to achieving net-zero carbon by 2070 that compared favourably with China’s target date of 2060. His announcements of enhanced targets for renewable energy were also welcomed.  Pressure by Youth: There was incredible and passionate advocacy of urgent action by young people across the world. This is putting enormous pressure on governments and leaders and if sustained, may become irresistible Disappoints Inept Diplomacy by India: As the largest producer and consumer of coal and coal-based thermal power, China prefers a gradual reduction rather than total elimination. The word “phase down” also figures in the US-China Joint Declaration on Climate Change, announced on November 10. India introducing the amendment played negatively with both the advanced as well as a large constituency of developing countries.  It should made China to do so. Inadequate Adaptation Finance: Climate finance for adaptation is currently only $15 billion, doubling will mean $ 30 billion. This remains grossly inadequate. According to UNEP, adaptation costs for developing countries are currently estimated at $70 billion annually and will rise to an estimated $130-300 billion annually by 2030.  India declining to join new initiatives: India is not a part of the methane pledge group. India also did not join the reverse deforestation group due to concerns over a clause on possible trade measures related to forest products. Bigger methane emergency in Permafrost Problem: Cutting methane emissions, which is generated mainly by livestock, is certainly useful but there is a much bigger methane emergency as the earth’s permafrost areas in Siberia, Greenland and the Arctic littoral begin to melt that would release huge volumes of carbon and methane. US-China Declaration & India: The November 10 Joint declaration between US & China on Climate Change implies a shift in China’s hardline position. It appears both countries are moving towards a less confrontational, more cooperative relationship overall. This will have geopolitical implications, including for India, which may find its room for manoeuvre shrinking. Lack of Concrete actions: There is more ambition in the intent to tackle climate change but little to show in terms of concrete actions. These have been deferred to future deliberations. Enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are expected to be announced at a meeting next year. There are no compliance procedures, only “name and shame” to encourage delivery on targets.  Conclusion The UK Presidency noted that as on 2019, only 30% of the world was covered by net zero targets and this had now moved close to 90%. The text of the Glasgow agreement indicates that all countries should deliver climate plans to the UN on 5-year cycles starting from 2025 (submitting 2035 NDCs in 2025, 2040 NDCs in 2030) which is a step in right in ensuring accountability in climate actions. Connecting the dots: Paris Climate Deal  IPCC report on Climate Change Tackling the Climate Crisis ENVIRONMENT/ ECONOMY GS-3: Environmental Conservation GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.  Deep-sea Mining for Building EV Batteries Context: There is a growing concern on whether deep-sea mining for building electric vehicles is a sustainable approach or an invitation to another catastrophe?  Almost 70% of our planet is an ocean and of that, 90% is the deep sea. It houses countless species ranging from minuscule zooplankton to the heaviest whales. This combination supports in maintaining the ecological cycle of our planet.  However, human interferences have even reached that depth to disturb its peaceful state. Mining investors are eying metals they can extract from the sea bed to build electric vehicle (EV) batteries. These talks are at their incipient stages but slowly making headlines.  Deep Sea mining & E-Vehicles – A cause of concern Rise in demand of E-Vehicles: The proponents of deep-sea mining claim that building EV batteries requires minerals such as cobalt, lithium, nickel, copper, vanadium and indium. Demand for these minerals will skyrocket with the rising demand for EVs.  Sea offers alternative to Land minerals: The increased demand will put pressure on the existing land mineral ores, so there is a need to identify alternative sources to extract these minerals. Mineral deposited in deep sea, which can be extracted by deep sea mining technologies, can be this alternative source. Consequences on Marine Ecosystem: However, deep-sea mining may potentially cause irreversible damage to aquatic life.  So far, fluid jets are the most experimented machines for deep-sea mining that picks up nodules (a potato-size rock full of minerals required for EV batteries and takes millions of years to develop), along with a 15 centimetres sea-bed sediment layer.  The unwanted sediments containing heavy metals are pumped back into the sea, creating sea pollution that can choke jellyfish and other species that transfer a significant amount of carbon back to the sea bed.  There is also a possibility that we can lose species before even knowing that they exist.  Deep Sea mining & E-Vehicles – An Opportunity Reduces Batteries Cost: The market competition between land based mining and deep sea mining will foster innovation & also increases the supply in the market, thereby bringing down the cost of batteries & making Electric Vehicles affordable to common man. Reduced Child Labour associated with Land Mining: A strategic claim made by the proponents of deep-sea mining is that it is a greener option than land-based mining and can significantly reduce child labour in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where abundant mineral mining sites are present Also, the increasing demand for battery minerals will be moderated by following factors and hence the impact of deep sea mining on marine ecosystem is inflated: Technological advancements in battery chemistry: Many projections assume use of current lithium-ion battery technology (incorporating cobalt and nickel) will continue despite the available and in-development alternatives of cobalt-free lithium-ion batteries such as lithium-iron-phosphate batteries.  For example, Tesla’s EV battery requires neither cobalt or phosphate. General Motors in 2020 unveiled their battery system that uses 70 per cent less cobalt than current batteries.  Advancements in Battery recycling: Simultaneously, the automobile sector is gearing up to invest in battery mineral recycling which will further reduce the future mineral demand. Battery recycling could reduce lithium demand by 25 per cent, cobalt by 35 per cent as well as nickel and copper by 55 per cent by 2040, according to the Institute of Sustainable Futures.  China is leading this race with plans to set up a $5 billion recycling plant in Hubei province. Swedish startup Northvolt, a Volkswagen and BMW partner, plans to recycle 25,000 tonnes of batteries per year.  The European Commission aims to cut down demand by 12 per cent for lithium, 4 per cent for cobalt and 4 per cent for nickel through battery recycling.  Investment in public transport infrastructure: The future demand for minerals will also depend on the modal share of countries. In countries where governments bring down private motorised vehicle share by investing in and improving existing public transportation as well as implementing vehicle restraint measures, the demand for EV batteries will also be less.  Way Ahead We know there is a cost to both land and deep-sea mining. The former is known to cause severe environmental problems such as soil erosion, loss of biodiversity and pollution but the latter may also cause catastrophic disturbances in the deep sea, and a lot is yet to be known.  However, we need to optimise the need for minerals in the first place.  We should plan our cities where trips are more local in nature and can be made by walking and cycling so that there is little need to use a private electric car and hence, lower requirements of EV batteries. Even if one goes for longer trips, we need to make sure that we have developed electricity-based public transportation for such purposes. The developed and developing world assist the Democratic Republic of the Congo to eradicate child labor by questioning the origin of imported substances and boycotting them if child labour is involved in their production We have just one planet and within this, we need to decide whether we should go ahead with our traditional approach of exploring, exploiting, depleting and then repeating or finding a more sustainable way out.  Connecting the dots: FAME-II Scheme Impact of Electric Vehicles on Auto Industry (Sansad TV: Perspective) Nov 13: Investment in Green Technology - https://youtu.be/LqRFsfaLbf4  TOPIC: GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. GS-3: Environmental Conservation GS-3: Climate Change Investment in Green Technology – Part 2 Click here for Part 1 Context: India has made significant commitments at COP26 towards climate action. These include fulfilling 50% of its energy requirement through renewable energy and bringing its non-fossil fuel energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030. All this will require huge investment in green technologies and big corporates are gearing up for this task.  Green Hydrogen Hydrogen is also emerging as an important source of energy since it has zero carbon content and is a non-polluting source of energy in contrast to hydrocarbons that have net carbon content in the range of 75–85 per cent. By moving to a hydrogen economy, India can not only reduce imports of oil, coal, and natural gas, but will also be able to export hydrogen to other countries in Europe and Asia. Green hydrogen has specific advantages.  Environment Friendly: Green Hydrogen as energy source is seen as the next big thing as its usage would lead to zero emissions Potential to Decarbonise various sectors: It is a clean burning molecule, which can decarbonise a range of sectors including iron and steel, chemicals, and transportation.  Efficient utilization of Renewable Energy: Renewable energy that cannot be stored or used by the grid can be channelled to produce hydrogen. Reduced Dependence on Rare Minerals: Green Hydrogen also holds the key to clean electric mobility that doesn’t depend on rare minerals. Green Hydrogen helps achieve long-term vision of reduced dependency on minerals and rare-earth element-based battery as energy storage. Helps Achieve Paris Goal: Green hydrogen energy is vital for India to meet its Nationally Determined Contributions and ensure regional and national energy security, access and availability Energy Security: Green energy helps reduce import dependency on fossil fuels How Hydrogen based vehicles are better than Battery based Electric Vehicles? EV still has dependence on Coal: India’s electricity grid is predominantly coal-based and will continue to be so, thus negating collateral benefits from a large-scale EV push — as coal will have to be burnt to generate the electricity that will power these vehicles In several countries that have gone in for an EV push, much of the electricity is generated from renewables — in Norway for example, it is 99 per cent from hydroelectric power. Applicable to multiple sectors: Experts believe hydrogen vehicles can be especially effective in long-haul trucking and other hard-to-electrify sectors such as shipping and long-haul air travel. Using heavy batteries in these applications would be counterproductive, especially for countries such as India, where the electricity grid is predominantly coal-fired. Efficiency: Hydrogen based vehicles enables a refuelling time of just five minutes, compared to 30-45 minutes charging for a Battery based EV. Also, consumers get about five times better energy storage per unit volume and weight Conclusion The challenges of green technological development is different in different settings, however, following approaches needs to be adopted to attain heights of excellence. Investing more in research and development in the sustainable technological development sector. Giving impetus to new ideas and imbibing a culture of scientific approach in students through missions such as Atal innovation mission. Supporting the start-ups in the green/sustainable technological sector by providing them tax concessions, less interest loans and providing platform for the market exposure such as green technological expo. Can you answer the following question? Green hydrogen energy technologies come with their own problems. Is India ready? Critically examine. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1 Consider the following statements regarding Tech NEEV: The Government will be setting up 30 Science Technology and Innovation (STI) Hubs in different parts of the country for Scheduled Tribes (STs) by end of 2022 to promote scientific talent among tribal communities and for their overall socio-economic development. Tech NEEV is a year-long celebration highlighting the impact of Science Technology Innovation (STI) in empowering communities for creating equitable inclusive economic growth. It was launched under the Ministry of Education  Which of the above is or are correct?  1 and 2 only  1 only  2 and 3 only  1, 2 and 3 Q.2 Which of the following would help India to become one of the fastest growing economies? Smooth and land acquisition  Create land banks for investors Monetisation of public assets  All of the above Q.3 Gond community is the largest tribal group in India. The community is largely spread in which of the following states of India?  Madhya Pradesh  Chhattisgarh  Jharkhand  All of the above ANSWERS FOR 15th Nov 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 B 2 C 3 A Must Read On Pan Turkism: Indian Express On extensions to heads of CBI, ED: The Hindu On EU’s role in Indo-Pacific: The Hindu

UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 16th November 2021

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 1 Questions [16th November, 2021] – Day 26

Archives Hello Students   TLP has been an integral ingredient of success for many toppers is no secret. In the ‘must do’ list for the civil services exam, TLP is by far the most popular initiative. The popularity stems from the unparalleled quality of questions and synopsis posted in TLP. We strive hard to ensure that you get the real feel of UPSC standard before you write the Mains.   You already know the features of TLP. Just to reiterate briefly, in the TLP initiative, we post 5 questions daily for a certain number of weeks (11 for this one). We follow a micro plan that is designed to give you daily targets. The questions are from the day’s syllabus and also from current affairs and you are expected to write the answers and post them on the portal.   This year onwards TLP will have a Dedicated Portal for Focused Preparation (tlpmains.iasbaba.com). There will be a separate dedicated portal similar to (RaRe Series) which students loved and appreciated. The Portal will help you stay focused and keep your preparation streamlined. The Registration link for the dedicated portal is given at the end of the post. We are charging a token amount of 10/- for registration to the dedicated portal. We are doing it because we want to create a community of sincere aspirants who are focused and motivated till the Mains Examination. Please don’t take it otherwise. It is our honest effort to give you the best and at the same time expect students to come with the same energy and dedication to the dedicated platform specially designed for YOU! Join our bandwagon, you won’t regret it. UPSC 2022 Aspirants are encouraged to participate as well. Register Here - CLICK HERE  To Know More About TLP 2022 (Phase 2) - CLICK HERE To Access Day 26 Questions - CLICK HERE P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other’s answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best 

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 16th November 2021

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

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[MAINS TEST SERIES] TLP+ 2021 Simulation Tests with Mentorship & OPEN SESSION on How to Score 400+ in GS Mains 2021

Dear Students With hardly 2 months remaining for Mains 2021, your preparation must be in full swing. Whereas we have been stressing the importance of answer writing practice for success in Mains, we have received a lot of distress messages from the aspirants. Many of you are thinking that you are behind schedule and that your chances are getting slimmer with each passing day. This is a common feeling and you are not the only one who is stressing out at this time, so relax! The best way to address your anxiety is to practice, as much as you can. With IASbaba’s ongoing answer writing initiatives- TLP and TLP Plus, there is hardly a better way to let your writing muscles get the exercise for the real exam. We strongly recommend that you make full use of these initiatives. Click Here To Read More Details

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 15th November 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Five-year terms for CBI and ED chiefs Part of: Prelims and GS II - Polity and GS-III- Money laundering Context The Indian President recently promulgated (brought into effect) two ordinances that would allow the Union Government to extend the tenures of the directors of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and the Enforcement Directorate (ED) from two years to up to five years. The chiefs of the Central agencies currently have a fixed two-year tenure, but can now be given three annual extensions. The amended Acts For CBI director: The Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946 was amended The Central Vigilance Commission Act, 2003 was amended with respect to the ED Director’s post. About Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) The CBI is the premier investigating agency of India. Ministry: Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions.  Role: It was originally set up to investigate bribery and governmental corruption. In 1965, it received expanded jurisdiction to investigate breaches of central laws enforceable by the Government of India, multi-state organised crime, multi-agency or international cases.  CBI is exempted from the provisions of the Right to Information Act. CBI is India's officially designated single point of contact for liaison with the Interpol. The CBI headquarter: New Delhi. About Enforcement Directorate (ED) Directorate of Enforcement (ED) is a law enforcement agency and economic intelligence agency responsible for enforcing economic laws and fighting economic crime in India. Ministry: Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance The prime objective is the enforcement of two key Acts: The Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999 (FEMA)  The Prevention of Money Laundering Act 2002 (PMLA) Headquarters: New Delhi Five regional offices: Mumbai, Chennai, Chandigarh, Kolkata and Delhi headed by Special Directors of Enforcement. S-400 systems Part of: Prelims and GS-III - Defence and security  Context Recently, Russia has started deliveries of the S-400 air defence systems to India. The system is also known as the ‘Triumf’ interceptor-based missile system. This risks the possibility of sanctions from the U.S. under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) which would come up for discussion at the India-U.S. 2+2 ministerial dialogue, also scheduled for early December. Background  In October 2018, India and Russia signed a $5.43 billion deal for five S-400 regiments.  Ahead of the scheduled deliveries, two Indian Air Force (IAF) teams have already been trained on the system by the manufacturer Almaz Antey, in Russia. What is CAATSA? Countering America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act (CAATSA)‘s core objective is to counter Iran, Russia and North Korea through punitive measures. Enacted in 2017. Includes sanctions against countries that engage in significant transactions with Russia’s defence and intelligence sectors. What is S-400 Triumf anti-aircraft missile systems? The S-400 Triumf is a mobile, surface-to-air missile system (SAM) designed by Russia. It can simultaneously track numerous incoming objects — all kinds of aircraft, missiles and UAVs — in a radius of 400km and launch appropriate missiles to neutralise them. It is the most dangerous operationally deployed modern long-range SAM (MLR SAM) in the world, considered much ahead of the US-developed Terminal High Altitude Area Defense system (THAAD). Kaiser-i-Hind: Arunachal’s State butterfly Part of: Prelims and GS-III - Biodiversity; Environment  Context A swallowtail butterfly carrying ‘India’ in its name will become the State butterfly of Arunachal Pradesh. The butterfly is also known as Kaiser-i-Hind. Pakke Tiger Reserve 2047 declaration The State Cabinet also adopted the Pakke Tiger Reserve 2047 declaration on climate change-resilient and responsive Arunachal Pradesh aimed at lowering emissions and sustainable development. About Kaiser-i-Hind Kaiser-i-Hind ( Teinopalpus imperialis ) literally means Emperor of India.  This butterfly with a 90-120 mm wingspan is found in six States along the eastern Himalayas at elevations from 6,000-10,000 feet in well-wooded terrain. Countries: The butterfly also flutters in Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam and southern China. Protection: It is protected under Schedule II of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 Threats: It is hunted for supply to butterfly collectors. The species is confined to very few pockets of Arunachal Pradesh and could become extinct if not conserved Implication of the tag: The State butterfly tag can translate into its habitat conservation About Pakke Tiger Reserve  It is also known as Pakhui Tiger Reserve. It is located in Arunachal Pradesh  Falls within the Eastern Himalaya Biodiversity Hotspot.  Known for its amazing sightings of four resident hornbill species. This Tiger Reserve has won India Biodiversity Award 2016 in the category of 'Conservation of threatened species' for its Hornbill Nest Adoption Programme. It is bounded by Bhareli or Kameng River in the west and north, and by Pakke River in the east. It is surrounded by contiguous forests on most sides. DART Mission Part of: Prelims and GS-III - Space  Context On November 24 NASA will launch the agency’s first planetary defense test mission named the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART). Key takeaways  DART is a planetary defense-driven test of technologies for preventing an impact of Earth by a hazardous asteroid. The main aim of the mission is to test the newly developed technology that would allow a spacecraft to crash into an asteroid and change its course.  The spacecraft will be launched on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. The target of the spacecraft is a small moonlet called Dimorphos (Greek for “two forms”). The spacecraft is expected to collide when it is 11 million km away from Earth. Dimorphos orbits a larger asteroid named Didymos (Greek for “twin”)  APEC summit, 2021 Part of: Prelims and GS-II - International Relations Context The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was hosted by New Zealand recently. Key highlights of the summit The leaders concluded the 2021 APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting by adopting a declaration under the theme of ‘Join, Work, Grow, Together’.  Commitments:  Accelerating economic recovery and achieving sustainable and inclusive growth Tackling climate change Empowering groups with untapped economic potential Addressing the digital divide. Leaders also endorsed the Aotearoa Plan of Action. It is blueprint to implement the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040, which was adopted at the 2020 APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting. Aotearoa Plan of Action aims for an “open, dynamic, resilient and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040 APEC summit-2022 will be held in Thailand. About APEC It is an inter-governmental forum for 21 member economies in the Pacific Rim that promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region. It was started in 1989 in response to the growing interdependence of Asia-Pacific economies and the advent of regional trade blocs in other parts of the world. It aimed to establish new markets for agricultural products and raw materials beyond Europe. Headquarter: Singapore. The group represents approximately 60% of world GDP and 48% of world trade in 2018. Official observers: the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Secretariat (ASEAN), the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) and the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIF).  Its full members are: Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; China; Colombia; Ecuador; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; Korea; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Peru; Philippines; Singapore; Pacific Islands Forum; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; USA; and Vietnam. India is not a Member. India had requested membership in APEC, and received initial support from the United States, Japan, Australia and Papua New Guinea.  Officials have decided not to allow India to join as India does not border the Pacific Ocean, which all current members do. Miscellaneous Landraces Among the winners of this year’s Padma awards is Rahibai Popere, popularly known as Seedmother, from Akole taluka of Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. Her Padma Shri is a recognition of her work that has helped save hundreds of landraces (wild varieties of commonly grown crops) at the village level. Landraces refer to naturally occurring variants of commonly cultivated crops. These are opposed to commercially grown crops, which are developed by selective breeding (hybrids) or through genetic engineering to express a certain trait over others. Amid the threat of climate change, a challenge before scientists and policymakers is to develop varieties that can withstand both abiotic and biotic stresses.  Naturally occurring landraces have a large pool of still untapped genetic material, which can provide solutions. (News from PIB) Citizens’ Tele-Law Mobile App Part of: Prelims  Tele-Law: Reaching the Unreached e-interface platform was launched in 2017 by the Department of Justice, to strengthen the pre-litigation mechanism in the country. This is operational in 51,434 Common Service Centres across 50,000 Gram Panchayats in 633 districts Tele-Law leverages technology (viz. tele-video conferencing facilities) to connect the beneficiary with the Panel Lawyer to seek legal advice and consultation for an early redressal of their grievance. Expanding its reach and ambit the Citizens’ Tele-Law Mobile App intends to widen the access to increased legal information and empowers the masses to identify their problem and chose from appropriate forum of dispute redressal to claim their entitlements and rights by connecting the beneficiary directly to the Panel Lawyer or with an assistance of Para Legal Volunteers, Village Level entrepreneurs, in case of beneficiary who are unable to read or write. A first of its kind wherein as part of our constitutional mandate for providing equal opportunities before law, every citizen would now be entitled to have access to lawyer on a touch of a finger News Source: PIB Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Part of: Prelims and GS-I- Modern History On 14 November 1889, Jawaharlal Nehru was born in Allahabad to parents with Kashmiri Pandit lineage. He played a prominent role in the freedom struggle and became the first prime minister of independent India. A prominent lawyer and a member of the Indian National Congress, and also served as its president twice. Influenced by the works of G B Shaw, H G Wells, Bertrand Russell, J M Keynes, Meredith Townsend and Lowes Dickinson In 1912, Nehru returned to India and started practice at the Allahabad High Court. However, he was disinterested in this job and soon drifted towards the national cause. He attended a Congress session in 1912 in Patna and felt that the membership of the party was restricted to upper-class elites. The INC at that time was in its moderate phase. Advocated for non-cooperation and resigning from honorary positions. He supported more aggressive nationalists who were pressing for home rule. He was influenced by Annie Besant and worked for her Home Rule League. He was involved in the non-cooperation movement in 1920 and was imprisoned for the first time. When Gandhi called off the movement in the wake of the violence at Chauri Chaura, there was a split in the party and Motilal Nehru and C R Das formed the Swaraj Party. Jawaharlal Nehru, however, remained with the Congress and Gandhi. The preamble of the Indian constitution, which is based on the objective’s resolution drafted by Jawaharlal Nehru, summarises the ideals and thoughts the founding fathers of independent India had dreamed of. It is the central theme around which the constitution revolves. A founder and leader of the Non-Aligned Movement. From 1957, his birth anniversary is celebrated as ‘Children’s Day’ in India. Five principal pillars of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s legacy to India — Nation-building, Democratic institution-building, Secularism, Democratic Socialist economics, and a Novel foreign policy (Non-alignment, Panchsheel) still form the cardinal values of India. Three major achievements and their impact on shaping future of India: Welfare State: Through the planned economy approach, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru envisaged that in a land of extreme poverty and inequality, the objective of government policy must be the welfare of the poorest, most deprived and most marginalised of the people. This notion drives the policy of successive governments that poverty and inequality in India cannot be tackled only by the market. It can be reflected in creation of a framework of rights, including the right to work, the right to food, the right to education and the right to fair compensation for land, all of which have empowered the poorest of people in India. Establishing Institutions of Excellence: It was  Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s who built the scientific base for India’s space and engineering triumphs today. With the establishment of what is now the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), India has achieved the status of Space power today. With the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) established in his tenure, Indians have a worldwide reputation for engineering excellence. Also, he laid the foundations of a dual-track nuclear programme due to which India achieved nuclear-capable status. Also, the economic policies of investing in heavy industries and protecting the nascent manufacturing sector, helped India to substitute imports to a certain extent. Foreign Policy: For Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s , Non-alignment (NAM) was the response to the bipolar divisions of the Cold War era. After two centuries of British rule, Nehru was determined to protect the country’s strategic autonomy without compromising independence by aligning itself to either superpower in the Cold War. This policy of NAM, made India one of the most distinguished leaders of Third World solidarity, reached out to the rest of the colonised world, and forged a joint front against colonialism and a reinvented imperialism. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was also a skilled exponent of soft power, much before the term was even coined. He developed a role for India in the world based entirely on its civilisations history and its moral standing, as the voice of the oppressed and the marginalised against the hegemony of the day. This gave India global reputation and prestige across the world for years, and strengthened our self-respect as we stood, proud and independent, on the global stage. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. – Pandit Nehru, 15 August 1947. (Mains Focus) ECONOMY/ GOVERNANCE GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.  GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation Retail Direct Scheme in government securities Context: The RBI had in February 2021 announced proposals for the Retail Direct Scheme for investors in government securities and the Integrated Ombudsman Scheme. The schemes were unveiled by the Prime Minister on November 12. What is the Retail Direct Scheme? Under the Retail Direct Scheme, small investors can now buy or sell government securities (G-Secs), or bonds, directly without having to go through an intermediary like a mutual fund.  It is similar to placing funds in debt instruments such as fixed deposits in banks. However, the same tax rules apply to income from G-Secs. But, with the Government being the borrower, there is a sovereign guarantee for the funds and hence zero risk of default.  Also, government securities may offer better interest rates than bank fixed deposits, depending on prevailing interest rate trends. For example, the latest yield on the benchmark 10-year government securities is 6.366%.  India’s largest lender, State Bank of India, offers 5.4% on deposits of less than ₹2 crore for a tenure of five to 10 years. How can individuals access G-Sec offerings? Investors wishing to open a Retail Direct Gilt account directly with the RBI can do so through an online portal set up for the purpose of the scheme.  Once the account is activated with the aid of a password sent to the user’s mobile phone, investors will be permitted to buy securities either in the primary market or in the secondary market.  The minimum amount for a bid is ₹10,000 and in multiples of ₹10,000 thereafter. Payments may be made through Net banking or the UPI platform.  Retail participants would be bidding for the securities under the “non-competitive segment of primary auctions of Government Securities and Treasury Bills”, the RBI said in a November 12 notification. Why was it necessary to introduce this scheme? Increases Investor base: The RBI said the scheme would help “broaden the investor base and provide retail investors with enhanced access to the government securities market — both primary and secondary.”  Leads to success of Government Borrowing Programme: RBI also said the scheme was a “major structural reform placing India among select few countries which have similar facilities”. This scheme, among others, would “facilitate smooth completion of the Government borrowing programme in 2021-22”. The Government intends to borrow up to ₹12 lakh crore this year ending March 31, 2022.  The significant spike in borrowing — that is expected to spur infrastructure and social funding — follows a steep decline in the economy last fiscal.  The Union Government, hence, wishes to broaden the base of investors signing up for bond purchases.  Frees Institutional Investors: The added benefit of the Government accessing retail investors could be the freeing up of room for companies to mop up funds from institutional investors; funds that may otherwise have been cornered by the government to fund its expenses. Why is the RBI setting up an Integrated Ombudsman? Prior to the introduction of this scheme, the RBI had three different ombudsman schemes to aid dispute resolution with respect to  Banks NBFCs Non-bank pre-paid payment issuers (PPIs).  They were operated by the RBI through 22 ombudsman offices.  Integrated Ombudsman is aimed to make dispute resolution more simpler, efficient and responsive. Hence the proposal to integrate the three ombudsman schemes and introduce the centralised processing of grievances.  This enables redress of grievances easier by enabling customers to register their complaints under the integrated scheme, with one centralised reference point.  The RBI would appoint the Ombudsman and a Deputy Ombudsman for three years. Complaints may be made either physically to the Centralised Receipt and Processing Centre or the RBI’s offices; or electronically through the regulator’s complaint management system (https://cms.rbi.org.in/). With the introduction of the integrated scheme, the earlier ones stand repealed.  However, the RBI clarified that the adjudication of pending complaints, appeals and execution of the awards passed shall continue to be governed by the provisions of the respective Ombudsman Schemes and instructions of RBI. Connecting the dots: RBI’s Financial Stability Report  Financial Stability Report of Jan 2021 Employment & Recovery of Indian Economy GOVERNANCE/ ECONOMY GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.  FCRA Changes: Ease of Monitoring vs Crippling Curbs Context: The Supreme Court has reserved its judgment on petitions challenging the validity of amendments introduced in 2020 to the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010, aimed at tightening the curbs on NGOs allowed to receive foreign funds.  While NGOs that have termed the amendments as harsh and arbitrary, the Government has argued that its intended to streamline the flow of funds and to enhance transparency and accountability.  What is the background to the amendments? Foreign donations received by individuals and organisations in India have been regulated by law since 1976.  The Act was since repealed and re-enacted with fresh measures and restrictions as the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010.  The law sought to consolidate the acceptance and utilisation of foreign contribution or foreign hospitality by individuals, associations or companies, and to prohibit such contributions from being used for activities detrimental to national interest. The FCRA was amended in September 2020 to introduce some new restrictions.  The Government says it did so because it found that many recipients were wanting in compliance with provisions relating to filing of annual returns and maintenance of accounts.  Many did not utilise the funds received for the intended objectives.  It claimed that the annual inflow as foreign contributions almost doubled between 2010 and 2019.  The FCRA registration of 19,000 organisations was cancelled and, in some cases, prosecution was also initiated. How has the law changed? There are at least three major changes that NGOs find too restrictive.  An amendment to Section 7 of the Act completely prohibits the transfer of foreign funds received by an organisation to any other individual or association.  Another amendment mandates that every person (or association) granted a certificate or prior permission to receive overseas funds must open an FCRA bank account in a designated branch of SBI in New Delhi. All foreign funds should be received only in this account and none other.  However, the recipients are allowed to open another FCRA bank account in any scheduled bank to which they could transfer the received funds for utilisation.  The designated bank will inform authorities about any foreign remittance with details about its source and the manner in which it was received. In addition, the Government is also authorised to take the Aadhaar numbers of all the key functionaries of any organisation that applies for FCRA registration or for prior approval for receiving foreign funds.  Another change is that the portion of the receipts allowed as administrative expenditure has been reduced from 50% to 20%. What is the criticism against these changes? NGOs questioning the law consider the prohibition on transfer arbitrary and too heavy a restriction. One of its consequences is that recipients cannot fund other organisations.  When foreign help is received as material, it becomes impossible to share the aid if the recipient NGO does not have the means to distribute on its own.  Even the court wanted to know whether this means that one organisation funding other organisations for designated activities is completely prohibited. Lawyers have argued that there is no rational link between designating a particular branch of a bank with the objective of preserving national interest. It is also inconvenient as the NGOS might be operating elsewhere.  They have also cited the recent Supreme Court judgment on the alleged use of Pegasus spyware to argue that ‘national security’ cannot be cited as a reason without adequate justification. What does the Government say? The Government has contended that the amendments were necessary to prevent foreign state and non-state actors from interfering with the country’s polity and internal matters.  The changes are also needed to prevent malpractices by NGOs and diversion of foreign funds. Preventing possible diversion of funds is also the reason cited for reducing the administrative expense component, as some organisations tended to inflate the actual expenditure incurred. The provision of having one designated bank for receiving foreign funds is aimed at making it easier to monitor the flow of funds. The Government clarified that there was no need for anyone to come to Delhi to open the account as it can be done remotely. Connecting the dots: Importance of NGOs in Democracy FDI Policy & Atmanirbhar Bharat (Sansad TV: Perspective) Nov 13: Investment in Green Technology - https://youtu.be/LqRFsfaLbf4  TOPIC: GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. GS-3: Environmental Conservation GS-3: Climate Change Investment in Green Technology – Part 1 Context: India has made significant commitments at COP26 towards climate action. These include fulfilling 50% of its energy requirement through renewable energy and bringing its non-fossil fuel energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030. All this will require huge investment in green technologies and big corporates are gearing up for this task.  Renewable Energy in India Solar and wind energy prices have fallen over 90% since 2000, incentivized by only modest subsidies. However, solar and wind energy are intermittent and cheap storage is needed for them to ensure power 24/7. New batteries and renewables are all set to power the world in a few decades based on commercial profitability.  Growth of Renewable Energy Sector in India Doubled generation capacity: Renewable generation, at 138 billion units, has doubled in FY20, from 66 billion units in FY16.  Robust growth of sector: The country witnessed 20% CAGR growth in the renewable generation since FY16 while total electricity generation saw 4.3% growth in the same period.  Decreasing Cost: The current levelised cost of energy (LCOE) for large scale solar in India is around Rs 2.5 per kWh, compared to ~Rs 12 in 2010. In the recent bidding, it came down to Rs 2. Measures taken by government that accelerated the progress in renewable sector:  Waiver of inter-state transmission charges for the sale of solar and wind power The renewable purchase obligation (RPO) trajectories for states Focus on maintaining the sanctity of contracts Permitting FDI in the renewable sector Challenges w.r.t Renewable Energy Vulnerable to Weather Conditions: While conventional power plants—that are coal-based or large hydro—have the ability to vary the generation as per need, renewable generation is more at the mercy of nature. Nor are the buyers who are focused on commercial considerations keen to purchase renewable power. Challenges of Market Intervention: Given the seasonality and intermittency of renewable power, it is not easily susceptible to market intervention.  Weak participation in electricity exchanges: Most renewable power generation companies in India are committed to selling their power to consumers—mostly discoms and a few third-party consumers under the long-term Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), with little prospect of excess generation to be offered on the exchange and the inability to schedule power supply E-Mobility in India India’s 2030 vision of e-mobility includes 70 per cent of all commercial cars, 30 per cent of private cars, 40 per cent of buses, 80 per cent of two-wheelers and three-wheeler sales to be electric by 2030. This translates into more than 100 million Electric Vehicles and would require approximately 12.5 lakh crore rupees investment.  Issues with Electric Vehicles Electric Vehicles may eventually solve the tailpipe-emission problem, they don’t address all the damage done to the environment while making them Compared with traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, greenhouse gases released while making EVs account for a higher portion of life-cycle emissions. As the EV gains momentum, battery production and research is powering ahead and sales are growing. That means material emissions will rise to over 60% by 2040 from 18% today. Decarbonizing the production phase of a car is harder than the use phase Currently battery units in EVs are heavy, increasing the total weight of the car, which in turn requires more energy to drive. To deal with this, carmakers are turning to aluminium for light-weight body designs, with EVs using 45% more of the Aluminium than traditional vehicles. Emissions from aluminium have started rising because it’s energy-intensive to mine and produce. Companies try to make batteries that can take cars further, they are using nickel, cobalt and manganese, which generate still more greenhouse gases. The high greenhouse gas emissions in the car manufacturing supply chain are “not even properly quantified by carmakers, because of poor disclosure of their suppliers’ emissions data Note: Part-2 elaborating on Green Hydrogen will be covered on 15th Nov 2021 (Tomorrow’s edition) (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Q.1 Consider the following statements regarding The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)  The leaders concluded the 2021 APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting by adopting a declaration under the theme of ‘Join, Work, Grow, Together’.  India is one of its founders It is headquartered in Beijing Which of the above is or are correct?  1 and 2 only  1 only  2 and 3 only  1, 2 and 3 Q.2 Landraces refer to Which of the following? Fencing to prevent landslides  Tribal group practicing indigenous health practices  Naturally occurring variants of commonly cultivated crops International demand for real estate post COVID pandemic Q.3 Consider the following statements: Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) is a planetary defense-driven test of technologies for preventing an impact of Earth by a hazardous asteroid. It will be launched by ISRO to small moonlet called Dimorphos. Select the correct answer from the following codes: Only 1 Only 2 Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2  ANSWERS FOR 13th Nov 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 C 2 D 3 B Must Read On shifting Chinese politics under Xi Jinping: The Hindu On India’s space in Afghanistan: The Hindu On Galsgow Climate Summit: Indian Express

UPSC हिन्दी Quiz– 2021: IASbaba Daily Current Affairs Quiz 15th November 2021

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE करेंट अफेयर्स के प्रश्न 'द हिंदू', 'इंडियन एक्सप्रेस' और 'पीआईबी' जैसे स्रोतों पर आधारित होते हैं, जो यूपीएससी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत हैं। प्रश्न अवधारणाओं और तथ्यों दोनों पर केंद्रित हैं। दोहराव से बचने के लिए यहां कवर किए गए विषय आम तौर पर 'दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स / डेली न्यूज एनालिसिस (डीएनए) और डेली स्टेटिक क्विज' के तहत कवर किए जा रहे विषयों से भिन्न होते हैं। प्रश्न सोमवार से शनिवार तक दोपहर 2 बजे से पहले प्रकाशित किए जाएंगे। इस कार्य में आपको 10 मिनट से ज्यादा नहीं देना है। इस कार्य के लिए तैयार हो जाएं और इस पहल का इष्टतम तरीके से उपयोग करें। याद रखें कि, "साधारण अभ्यर्थी और चयनित होने वाले अभ्यर्थी के बीच का अंतर केवल दैनक अभ्यास है !!" Important Note: Comment अनुभाग में अपने अंक पोस्ट करना न भूलें। साथ ही, हमें बताएं कि क्या आपको आज का टेस्ट अच्छा लगा । 5 प्रश्नों को पूरा करने के बाद, अपना स्कोर, समय और उत्तर देखने के लिए ‘View Questions’ पर क्लिक करें। उत्तर देखने के लिए, इन निर्देशों का पालन करें: 1 - 'स्टार्ट टेस्ट/ Start Test' बटन पर क्लिक करें प्रश्न हल करें 'टेस्ट सारांश/Test Summary'बटन पर क्लिक करें 'फिनिश टेस्ट/Finish Test'बटन पर क्लिक करें अब ‘View Questions’बटन पर क्लिक करें - यहां आपको उत्तर और लिंक दिखाई देंगे। To take the Test - Click Here