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Jun 5, 2021 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 5th June 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) CEM-Industrial Deep Decarbonization Initiative Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Policies and interventions and GS-III - Conservation In news Recently, India and the UK have launched a new workstream to promote industrial energy efficiency under Clean Energy Ministerial's (CEM) Industrial Deep Decarbonization Initiative (IDDI). It is coordinated by UNIDO (United Nations Development Industrial organisation). It was launched in the ongoing 12th CEM (CEM12) Meeting, virtually hosted by Chile. About 12th CEM Meeting Objective: To infuse green technologies and stimulate demand for low-carbon industrial material. India is committed to cut emissions intensity per unit of GDP by 33 to 35% by 2030. The commitment depends on effective deployment of low carbon technologies in Energy Intensive Sectors like Iron & Steel, Cement and Petrochemicals. About Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) It was established in December 2009 at the UN’s Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) CoP in Copenhagen. Purpose: To promote policies and programs that advance clean energy technology To share lessons learned and best practices To encourage the transition to a global clean energy economy. Focus Areas Improve energy efficiency worldwide. Enhance clean energy supply. Expand clean energy access. Members: 29 countries India is also a member country. Industrial Deep Decarbonization Initiative (IDDI) IDDI is an initiative of CEM. It is a global coalition of public and private organisations who are working to stimulate demand for low carbon industrial materials. Functions To standardise carbon assessments Establish ambitious public and private sector procurement targets Incentivise investment into low-carbon product development and design industry guidelines. Supporting Countries: The IDDI is co-led by the UK and India Current members also include Germany and Canada. Goals: Encouraging governments and the private sector to buy low carbon steel and cement. Sourcing and sharing data for common standards and targets. NASA selects two missions to the planet Venus Part of: GS Prelims and GS -III - Sci and tech; Space In news NASA has selected two missions to the planet Venus. Details about the missions The missions are called DAVINCI+ and VERITAS These will be launched between 2028 and 2030. DAVINCI+ is ‘Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble gases, Chemistry, and Imaging’ It is the first US-led mission to the planet’s atmosphere since 1978. It will try to understand Venus’ composition to see how the planet formed and evolved. It also consists of a descent sphere that will pass through the planet’s thick atmosphere and make observations and take measurements of noble gases and other elements. It will also try to return the first high resolution photographs of a geological feature, tesserae, that is unique to Venus. The presence of tesseraes may suggest that Venus has tectonic plates like Earth. The second mission called VERITAS is ‘Venus Emissivity, Radio Science, InSAR, Topography, and Spectroscopy’ It will map the planet’s surface to determine its geologic history and understand the reasons why it developed so differently from Earth. India to vote for Maldives in the election of the President of the UNGA Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - International Relations In news India will vote in support of Maldives in the election of the President of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) that will be held on 7th June. What you need to know about UNGA President The President is the presiding officer of the General Assembly. The member nations of the UNGA vote for the President on a yearly basis. The presidency rotates annually between the five geographic groups: African Asia-Pacific Eastern European Latin American and Caribbean Western European and other States. No permanent member of the United Nations Security Council ever serves as UNGA president. Fun fact Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit (1900 – 1990) of India served as 8th President of the UNGA in 1953. She was the First woman president of UNGA. K.P. Krishnan Expert Committee Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III - Economy In news Dr. K.P. Krishnan headed the expert committee on Variable Capital Company (VCC). It has submitted its report on the feasibility of Variable Capital Companies in the International Financial Services Centres in India. Why was the committee set up? The IFSCA set up this Committee to explore the potential for allowing another legal structure, popularly known as a VCC, as an additional option through which asset managers could pool the investors’ funds. The VCC structure removes some of the key limitations of companies. It provides for higher regulatory standards than those applicable to trusts. Report of the committee The Committee assessed the features of a VCC or its equivalent, in other countries such as the UK, Singapore, Ireland and Luxembourg. The Committee recommended the adoption of a VCC-like legal structure for the purpose of conducting fund management activity in IFSCs The Committee recognized that the legal framework governing entities should provide certainty and clarity to investors. Mali suspended from African Union Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - International Relations In news The African Union suspended Mali’s membership in response to the military coup and it threatened Mali with sanctions if a civilian-led government was not restored. West African regional bloc Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS had also suspended Mali. About Mali Mali is a landlocked country in West Africa. Capital: Bamako. About African Union It is a continental union consisting of 55 countries of Africa. In 2017, the AU admitted Morocco as a member state. The AU was announced in the Sirte Declaration in Sirte, Libya in 1999. It was founded in 2001 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It was launched in 2002 in Durban, South Africa. The AU's secretariat, the African Union Commission, is based in Addis Ababa India and AU India is a member of the AU Partners Group (AUPG), which meets periodically in Addis Ababa. India-Africa Forum Summit was the first ever India-Africa Forum Summit, participated by the Leaders of 14 African countries and the African Union Commission. It represented a turning point in the India- AU relations. The Summit adopted the Delhi Declaration and the Africa-India Framework for Cooperation, which constituted the blueprint for cooperation between India and Africa in the 21st century. Miscellaneous Ranjitsinh Disale appointed as an Advisor to the World Bank Ranjitsinh Disale was the first Indian teacher to receive the Global Teacher Award He has been appointed by the World Bank as its Advisor till December 2024. World Bank has recently launched the Global Coach Program It is a new initiative focused on accelerating learning by helping countries improve in-service teacher professional development (TPD) programs and systems. (Mains Focus) SOCIETY/ GOVERNANCE Topic: GS-1: Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies. GS-2: Mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections. Intersectionality Context: Patan Jamal Vali v. State of Andhra Pradesh, 2021 – Case was about sexual assault on a blind 22-year-old Dalit woman. The trial court and the High Court had convicted the accused for rape under Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), and under Section 3(2)(v) of the PoA Act, and sentenced him to life imprisonment. Supreme Court confirmed the conviction and the punishment for rape under the IPC but set aside the conviction under the PoA Act Concept of Intersectionality When the identity of a woman intersects with her caste, class, religion, disability and sexual orientation, she may face violence and discrimination due to two or more grounds. It understood that multiple sources of oppression operated cumulatively to produce a specific experience of subordination for the blind Dalit woman (Patan Jamal Vali v. State of AP) Issues Despite recognising the intersectional theory in Patan Jamal Vali v. State of AP, the court set aside conviction under the PoA Act. In cases of sexual violence against Dalit and Adivasi women, courts have almost consistently set aside convictions under the PoA Act. Ramdas and Others v. State of Maharashtr (2006) Dinesh Alias Buddha v. State of Rajasthan (2006) Asharfi v. State of Uttar Pradesh (2017) Khuman Singh v. State of Madhya Pradesh (2019) In all these judgments, the court held that there was no evidence to show that the accused committed sexual assault on the ground that the victim was member of an SC/ST community. The repeated setting aside of convictions under the PoA Act bolsters the allegations that the law is misused and amounts to the erasure of caste-based violence faced by women In the recent Parliamentary Standing Committee Report on Atrocities and Crimes against Women and Children, the “high acquittal rate motivates and boosts the confidence of dominant and powerful communities for continued perpetration”. Conclusion We need to stop hiding behind smokescreens of hyper-technicality of evidence and recognise caste-based violence against women when it stares us in the face. Else, our caste discrimination laws will be rendered toothless. Connecting the dots: Rape & Sexual Crimes Law in India Punitive Responses to Sexual Violence Need Rethink Sexual Harassment at workplaces Disha Act of Andhra Pradesh SCIENCE & TECH/ECONOMY/ GOVERNANCE Topic: GS-3: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life. GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment. Social Media Concerns Context: Social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter have long contributed to the democratisation of voices across the world. Unfortunately, the parallel forces of capitalism and information colonisation have wrought national security and the rule of law in democracies. Concerns of Social Media Speed prioritised over depth: On a fundamental level, social media has eroded mainstream media and fostered a culture of speedy and commercialised news at the cost of nuanced & in-depth coverage. Different from Traditional Media: The centrality of the business model of social media revolves around one concept: social media companies are the platforms and not the creators of content or information. Invest on Human Psychology: Social media companies invest billions of dollars in R&D in understanding human psychology so as to develop algorithms that feed them the content they prefer. Creation of Echo Chambers: The social media platforms generate revenue from users' clicks by showing them content they wish to see and believe. Social media minimises exposure to opposing views as that would not generate their revenue. Half-baked Opinions: Social media influencers for increasing likes and followers can comment on law and order and national security matters without responsibility Unable to balance competing interests: Social media companies have been unable to balance the national security concerns with the capitalist motivations of profit. Liable to mislead & misuse: As social media competes for the attention of the masses, it becomes a tool of information warfare and propaganda While social media gives voice to the voiceless, it is also used to polarise society. National Security Threats: The attention-driven social media model may also make a country vulnerable to separatist groups who can mobilise large crowds by spreading false information at lightning speed. Used for attack on India’s image & morale: The external adversaries like China and Pakistan have pushed anti-Indian narratives on social media and tried to undermine Indian soldiers' morale during the recent border conflict with China. Social media platforms have been used by Pakistan to accuse India of human rights violations in Kashmir falsely Way Ahead As social media companies and AI become increasingly advanced and powerful, it is pertinent to introduce regulations and taxations on social media. As a short term measure, the lawmakers should focus on how IT laws can minimise threats to national security, including theft of data and society's polarisation. To reduce the risk of radicalisation, the IT community should advocate for contracts between employers and employees on YouTube and Instagram so different interest groups do not use them. Additionally, there is a heightened need for digital literacy, especially amongst the growing youth population. Connecting the dots: New IT Rules – Guidelines for Social Media Twitter Controversy during Farmers protest Dominance of Big tech Australia’s News Media Bargaining Code (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1 Global Coach Program initiative has been launched by which of the following? World Health Organisation Amnesty International World Bank UNICEF Q.2 Clean Energy Ministerial's (CEM) Industrial Deep Decarbonization Initiative was launched by which of the following countries? USA and Japan China and Sri Lanka France and Russia India and UK ANSWERS FOR 4th June 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 A 2 D Must Read On Global Warming: The Hindu On Biodiversity: The Hindu About simultaneous elections: Indian Express

Jun 5, 2021 Motivational Articles

[MI-STORIES]MOTIVATIONAL AND INSPIRATIONAL STORIES - The Right Place !

For Previous Story -> CLICK HERE Inspirational Stories: Here is the story for this week from the new series of Inspirational and Motivational stories. One of the oldest known forms of communication is story telling. There is something primordial within us that loves stories and their tremendous impact. In this series, we aim to bring you the best of real-life stories that can inspire and motivate you. Stories always try to teach us something useful. It is one of the best ways of learning from other's mistakes and avoiding our own. Although each story has its own moral, in the comments section you can share your opinion on the moral of the story. If you are able to see something that others might have missed, you can share it for the benefit of all. Apart from just reading these awesome stories, you can also share some of the stories that have inspired you. If we find the story appropriate and useful, we will share it with all. More importantly, read these stories every week without a miss, and stay inspired. So Here is the story for this week - The right place ! A mother and a baby camel were lying around under a tree. Then the baby camel asked, “Why do camels have humps?” The mother camel considered this and said, “We are desert animals so we have the humps to store water so we can survive with very little water.” The baby camel thought for a moment then said, “Ok…why are our legs long and our feet rounded?” The mama replied, “They are meant for walking in the desert.” The baby paused. After a beat, the camel asked, “Why are our eyelashes long? Sometimes they get in my way.” The mama responded, “Those long thick eyelashes protect your eyes from the desert sand when it blows in the wind. The baby thought and thought. Then he said, “I see. So the hump is to store water when we are in the desert, the legs are for walking through the desert and these eye lashes protect my eyes from the desert sand, then what the hell are we doing in a Zoo?” The Lesson: Skills and abilities are only useful if you are in the right place at the right time. Otherwise they go to waste.

Jun 5, 2021 Important Articles

[WEEK 3] ESSAY 5: Theme – Can Capitalism bring inclusive growth? | BRAINSTORMING ON ETHICS & ESSAY (BEE) by Sunil Oberoi Sir

Dear Students, As part of our new initiative, BRAINSTORMING ON ETHICS & ESSAY (BEE), here we have come up with the Fifth session. BEE is a FREE ONLINE (YOUTUBE) initiative, exclusively for Essay and Ethics curated by IASbaba’s renowned faculty member, Shri Sunil Oberoi Sir (former IAS Officer). The Fifth essay focuses on the theme, ''. https://youtu.be/2ilWL4Ffmow Sunil Oberoi Sir has worked on Civil Services Reforms in India with UNDP and DoPT. He was a government nominee in interview boards and Examiner in various govt. exams. He was also associated with induction training of new entrants of Civil Services and In-Service training of Senior Civil Servants. To Know More about BEE Initiative -> CLICK HERE Download the schedule: Click Here For Any Queries: Email ID: support@iasbaba.com Mobile No: 91691 91888 (Please call between 10 AM – 6 PM ONLY) Thank You IASbaba

Jun 5, 2021 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 5th JUNE 2021

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :) After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken, and solutions. To take the Test - Click Here

Jun 4, 2021 TLP Mains Answer Writing

[NEW INITIATIVE] AWARE (Answer Writing Redefined)- 7 Steps to Master the Art of Answer Writing for UPSC MAINS by Mohan Sir (Founder, IASbaba)

Dear Students, There is a framework taught in management course, called the 80:20 rule. It says that 20% of your efforts lead to 80% of the results. This framework is used primarily to get one’s priorities right. When you on a mission, the final success will depend on a lot of factors. However, if you analyse the entire journey, you will realise that there are certain areas that require special attention to ensure your success. This framework fits perfectly in the domain of civil services preparation also. There are many areas that determine your final success in the civil services examination. However, when it comes to the most vital factor, it is undoubtedly your answer writing skills. Your problem-solving abilities, reasoning skills, personality and communication all matter but you can’t achieve final success unless you have reasonably good answer writing skills. Now, think of the amount of time that you devote to answer writing each day or each week. For most you, the time allocated to practicing answer writing won’t be more than 5-6 hours a week. On an average, you are spending less than 10% of your efforts and time on mastering this skill. This is unacceptable. Remember the 80:20 framework. In our case, if you don’t at least 20% of your study hours and efforts to answer writing, you are seriously diluting 80% of your chance of having your name in the final list. Can you afford it? We don’t think so. So to help you hone your answer writing skills, give you the right strategy and guidance, here we come up with this new initiative- AWARE (Answer Writing REdefined) Series – 7 Steps to Master Answer Writing! 10 Myths about Answer Writing How to begin/start/approach Answer Writing? How to Structure an Answer? Importance of Presentation Different strategy for different paper – GS1, GS2, GS3, GS4? Value Additions in each paper Time Management How to write a good answer? Importance of Thought-Process & Test Series in one’s Success! These 7 Steps to Master the Art of Answer Writing taken by Mohan Sir (Founder IASababa) will help you in knowing everything you need to know about answer writing. Here, is the first video - In this Video, 10 MYTHS about Answer Writing is discussed. .embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; } .pf-content{width:98%;} Important Timelines in the video: 03:12 - Start Answer Writing Answers from Day 1? (Or) Start writing answers only after you finish the complete syllabus 07:55 - Should not write anything against the government, if done I will be penalised 09:16 - Writing in pointwise is better than writing in Paragraphs 11:39 - Always try to give a balanced answer 13:42 - Word Limit does not matter in Answer Writing 15:07 - Vocabulary matters – Good Vocabulary or Flowery language is the key to impress the examiner 17:30 - Using Diagrams/Flowcharts in all Answers (OR) too many facts/data will help you in fetching more marks 20:16 - 15 Best Answers is better than 20 Good Enough Answers 22:19 - Writing More number of Tests or Joining a Test Series in enough to clear mains (OR) Reading from more Sources will help in writing better answers – Quality vs Quantity ? 25:15- Copying the Toppers answers & taking the feedback from multiple mentors is the best strategy to crack Mains In the coming days, the next set of videos will be published. Stay tuned! For, TLP+ Mains 2021 Test Series with Mentorship – New Batch starting from 24th May! -> CLICK HERE For, TLP CONNECT 2021 (Prelims + Mains+ Interview) INTEGRATED Mentorship Based Programme -> CLICK HERE To get Regular Updates from IASbaba, follow- TELEGRAM Channel – CLICK HERE YOUTUBE – CLICK HERE FACEBOOK – CLICK HERE INSTAGRAM – CLICK HERE Also, SUBSCRIBE to the WEBSITE (on the right-hand side), so that you don’t miss out on important posts! Thank You IASbaba

Jun 4, 2021 RSTV Video

Accessible & Affordable Judicial System – The Big Picture – RSTV IAS UPSC

Archives Topic: General Studies 2: Structure, organization and functioning of the Judiciary In News: Vice President M. Venkaiah Naidu has recently said that inordinate delay, cost of legal processes and inaccessibility are impeding the effective delivery of justice to the common man. The judicial system needs to be made more accessible, affordable and understandable for the common man. Inadequacies of Justice Delivery System Spending on judiciary The issue of spending on judiciary is equated with a call for increasing the salaries of judges and providing better court infrastructure. Such perceptions are unfortunate. India has one of the most comprehensive legal aid programmes in the world, the Legal Services Authority Act of 1987. Under this law, all women, irrespective of their financial status, SCs, STs and children are entitled to free legal aid. This means that a significant proportion of the population falls — or is supposed to fall — under a free legal aid regime. However, in reality, this law is a dead letter. There has been little effort on the part of successive governments to provide a task force of carefully selected, well-trained and reasonably paid advocates to provide these services. In comparison, the system of legal aid in the U.K. identifies and funds several independent solicitor offices to provide such services. If support is withdrawn, many solicitor offices that provide these invaluable services would collapse and with that, the rule of law. India is yet to put in place anything similar to this. Poor Judge Population Ratio The U.S. has about 100 judges per million population. Canada has about 75 and the U.K. has about 50. On the other hand, India has only 19 judges per million population. Of these, at any given point, at least one-fourth is always vacant. While vacancies to the Supreme Court and the High Courts is hotly debated, hardly any attention is focused on this gaping inadequacy in lower courts which is where the common man first comes into contact with the justice delivery system. In All India Judges Association v. Union of India (2001), the Supreme Court had directed the Government of India to increase the judge-population ratio to at least 50 per million population within five years from the date of the judgment. This has not been implemented. Access to Justice Though ‘access to justice’ has not been specifically spelt out as a fundamental right in the Constitution, it has always been treated as such by Indian courts. In Anita Kushwaha v. Pushpa Sadan (2016), the Supreme Court held unambiguously that “life” implies not only life in the physical sense but a bundle of rights that also means right to access justice Further, the court pointed out four important components of access to justice. It pointed out the need for adjudicatory mechanisms. It said that the mechanism must be conveniently accessible in terms of distance and that the process of adjudication must be speedy and affordable to the disputants. Other Issues A disproportionate amount of attention that is given to the functioning of the Supreme Court, important as it is, distracts from above and similar issues. Government is yet to draw out a national policy and road map for clearing backlogs and making judicial delivery smooth and efficient Increasing tribunalisation of the justice delivery process The extortionate court fees payable to access justice in civil suits in some States; The poor integration of technology into the system The Way Forward Enhancing productivity: Establishment of Indian Courts and Tribunal Services to focus on the administrative aspects of the legal system, technology use in courts through projects like e-courts MMP and National judicial data grid for quick disposal of cases. In 230th Law Commission in its report “Reform in Judiciary” in 2009 recommended that there must be full utilization of the court working hours and Grant of adjournment must be guided strictly by the provisions of Order 17 of the Civil Procedure Code. Indian Judicial Services: The proposal for an All India exam along the lines of Civil Services has been mooted many a time, the first instance being 1960. Setting standards of judicial recruitment examinations to improve the quality of district judges. Vacations in the higher judiciary must be curtailed by at least 10 to 15 days and the court working hours should be extended by at least half-an hour. Case and court management: National Service and Tracking of Electronic Processes (NSTEP), Computerization and Automation (e.g. Virtual Court in Delhi), Professional Court Managers as suggested by the 13th Finance Commission are some of the measures that needs to be taken for expedited disposal of cases. Setting up of Tribunals, Fast Track Courts and Special Courts to dispense important cases at the earliest. Virtual court is the need of the hour. Mechanisms such as ADR (Alternate Dispute Resolution), Lok Adalat, Gram Nyayalayas should be effectively utilized. The high courts have to fast track cases pending more than 10 yrs. Also, the chief justices of high court have additional responsibility to expedite the appointment process of lower judiciary. Additional benches of Supreme Court have to be established in different parts of India which would reduce the pendency of cases in supreme court by expedited proceedings of cases. Implementing recommendations of Malimath committee which suggested reforms in criminal justice system which helps in expedited judicial process. Amending the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and the Indian Evidence Act to accommodate the changing nature of crimes and address provisions which are delaying judicial proceedings. Working days of the Supreme Court be raised to 206 days. Working days of the High Courts be raised to 231 days. Conclusion Justice delayed is justice denied. Speedy Justice is not only a fundamental right but also a prerequisite of maintaining the rule of law and delivering good governance. Hence, reforms as suggested above needs to be taken in order to have a robust justice system ensuring timely justice. Connecting the dots: Judicial Vacancies in India – Its impact and challenges Need for digitisation of Judicial process as a part of Judicial reform National Judicial Data Grid

Jun 4, 2021 TLP Mains Answer Writing

SYNOPSIS [4th JUNE,2021] Day 105: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE SYNOPSIS [4th JUNE,2021] Day 105: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies) 1. The technological advancement in the field of biometrics is reaching new heights with each passing day. Some of the solutions offered by biometrics are being used to improve the lives of millions of Indian citizens. Can you identify some of them? What potential do you see in the use of biometrics in further utilising it in areas that are hitherto untouched in India? Comment. (10 Marks) Approach Candidates here are required to write about the basics of biometric system and recent technological advancements in India, then try to highlight the potential application of the biometric system. Also in the end before conclusion write challenges associated with it. Introduction Biometric systems have evolved significantly over the past years from single-sample verification matchers to a wide range of multi-sample fully automated person recognition systems. Biometric technologies are becoming the foundation of an extensive array of highly secure identification and personal verification solutions. Body Biometric systems: Biometric Systems are automated methods of verifying or recognizing the identity of a living person on the basis of some physiological characteristics, like a fingerprint or face pattern, or some aspects of behavior, like handwriting or keystroke patterns. A biometric system is a technology which takes an individual’s physiological, behavioural, or both traits as input, analyses it, and identifies the individual as a genuine or malicious user. As the level of security breaches and transaction frauds increases, the need for highly secure identification and personal verification technologies is becoming apparent there is increase technological advancements and reaching new heights: According to a recent PING identity survey 92% of enterprise rank biometric authentication as an effective to secure identity data. Another survey by Spiceworks reports that 62% of companies are already using it and another 24% plan to deploy it within next two years. In India potential of biometrics application is very high. India is progressing rapidly towards digitalisation directed by innovations in the field of AI, Big data analytics. Right now biometrics has find its application in variety of fields which are: The NCRB, which manages crime data for police, would like to use automated facial recognition to identify criminals, missing people, and unidentified dead bodies, as well as for “crime prevention”. For example A new image of an unidentified person — often taken from CCTV footage — is compared to the existing database to find a match and identify the person. Automated facial recognition system being implemented by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), is a component of Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS). It is a way of recognising a human face through technology. AFRS works by maintaining a large database with photos and videos of peoples’ faces. Recently, the Ministry of Civil Aviation’s “DigiYatra” has started facial recognition for airport entry on trial basis in the Hyderabad airport. DigiYatra intends to offer air passengers a “seamless, hassle-free and paperless journey experience. During enrolment process, Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) collects minimal biometric data in the form of iris and fingerprints. This has helped to exclude bogus beneficiaries of government schemes and eligible beneficiaries are targeted well hence quality of Service delivery system has improved immensely. NPR database contains demographic as well as biometric details. For implementation of “One nation One identity card”. States like Andhra Pradesh Haryana have decided to provide smart card having biometric information instead of ration card to prevent counterfeiting for better service delivery and preventing leakages in PDS. In Border authentication it is used at border post to speed up border crossings using scanners. The retina or fingerprint scanners capture necessary information. Potential use of biometrics: Child trafficking and child labour: Biometrics can be helped to defeat child trafficking and child labour if we have accurate information of all the child in nation. Even identifying and rescuing them would be easy and could be get them back to their family. Disaster management: India is very much prone to disaster as seen in recent cyclones like Fani, Gaja Rehabilitation of victims will be easier. Medical Field: Global healthcare has shifted away from its reliance on paper-based medical records toward use of electronic health records (EHR). It has immense potential to fight TB, HIV by identifying them and providing medical help. Counter terrorism and naxalism: Many times lack of identification and verification systems led to freeing of terrorist. Biometrics would help to identify them at airports, while creating fake documents etc thus help to arrest them. Identifying and mainstreaming Naxalite people can be done effectively through biometrics records. Organizations like the CBI have been using biometrics in criminal investigations for years. Today, biometrics is widely used by law enforcement agencies across the world for the identification of criminals. Banking Sector: Biometrics in banking has increased a great deal in the last few years and is being implemented by banks throughout the world. As global financial entities become more digitally-based, banks are implementing biometric technology to improve customer and employee identity management in an effort to combat fraud, increase transaction security, and enhance customer convenience. Challenges associated with biometric system: The most significant risk with the use of the technology is state surveillance. This raises concerns as it might be misused for political purposes. Software which analyses biometrics could potentially be put to use by some companies to prey on vulnerable customers. The privacy of users’ data is at stake with the technology. In absence of regulations it would expose data to cyber criminals. Conclusion All biometric system technology emerges into the market with both promises and challenges. It is possible that in just a few years, such systems will be so advanced so as to process expressions and hand gestures within a matter of seconds. As time moves forward, we will see implementation of biometric technology continue to grow and be used in even more areas that touch our lives. While the pros will advance, most of the cons can be reduced by human tweaking. 2. The number of patents registered by Indian universities and research institutes are abysmally low as compared to their international counterparts. Why? Examine. Can you suggest some measures to address this situation? (10 Marks) Approach Candidates here need to examine why Indian universities lacks innovation culture and why they have low patents registered internationally then before writing conclusion try to suggest some measures to address the situation. Introduction As per WIPO India registered far fewer research applications or patents than other top filing nations. The US chipset manufacturer, Qualcomm, submitted 1840 patents in 2016-17, whereas all the domestic institutes, collectively, only accounted for 781 patents. Body Most Indian universities lack focus on research, which in effect reduces them to teaching shops when it comes to international rankings. Let us examine Reasons for less patents: India spends just 0.7% of its GDP in 2016-17 on R&D . Japan spends 3.2%, USA 2.8% and China 2.1% University environment is not supportive to provide incentive for R&D and creation of patents. Students are more of job centric rather than putting efforts for innovation. University and industry linkages are minimal. A key factor driving patent filings in USA is industry funding of research in universities, in India it is largely restricted to IITs Human resource problem - Dearth of IP professionals is a problem related to the field of intellectual property itself. The recent requirement to set up Intellectual Property (IP) Centres in the universities do not find eligible personnel. In addition to this, India does not have a technology transfer legislation that would enable the transfer of know-how from university research labs to the private sector for commercialization. Various international treaties and trade agreements, along with with the legal-centric approach where law schools and colleges are the only institutions which mandate teaching these subjects, are reasons why the supply of IP professionals is not keeping pace with demand. Lack of patent agent - India has a poor patent agent density, with only about 2,000 registered patent agents currently in practice. Absence of courses in universities - Though online courses are available on IPR are available on the national programme on technology platform. There is need of many courses are to be articulated for providing professional education. Researchers in India tend to focus on publishing their work in journals instead of patenting them. Time taken to get a patent is too large. On an average in 2017 it took 64 months to grant a patent compared to 22 months to China. India’s universities may not have the best research facilities, but between the Indian Institute of Science, the Defence Research and Development Organisation and the Indian Space Research Organisation, the country does host some research organizations of repute. Measure taken so for to promote research and development: The national Intellectual Property Rights policy 2016 as a vision document to guide future development of IPRs in the country. UGC has asked all universities to set up IP centres. NIRF ranking of universities which considers patent as a dominant factor could incentivise for more patent generation. India is committed to TRIPS agreement and various treaties of WIPO and others. Human capital development to strengthen and expand human resources, institutions and capacities for teaching, training , research and skill building in IPR. IPR awareness outreach and promotion create awareness about socio economic benefits of IPR among universities. Commercialisation IPRs to stimulate generation of IPR. Promotion of an environment of innovation in school’s colleges. The academic curricula need to be revised. Collaboration with foreign universities regarding promotion of IPRs. Atal Innovation Mission including Self Employment and Talent Utilisation for promoting innovation and entrepreneurship- this must be implemented efficiently. Online courses on IPR are available on the National Programme on Technology Enhanced learning platform, they should be promoted National Assessment and Accreditation Council awards up to 24 points to an institute which sets up an innovation ecosystem and has a facility for identifying and promoting IPRs. Collegiality and a singularity of purpose among faculty members are important requirements to build that, where members need to be bonded by shared, research-related values and practices towards building a safe home for testing new ideas. Other steps that can be taken In a dynamic field such as intellectual property, in order to create a band of qualified IP professionals, there should be a push towards post-qualification continuous education as well. Patent office should conduct patent exam frequently. One common requirement of “developing a research culture” is to move from a few isolated individual researcher projects to an environment where research is so pervasive that it appears to be the activity of a large number of interconnected colleagues. Conclusion We need to build research culture that involves incorporating research into an organisational culture in our universities. To move ahead, institutions must get empowered to look within rather than being cowed down by a regulator, in whatever name we may call it. Better will be to have a facilitating body instead of a regulating one if our aim is to promote a research culture. 3. Quad fills important gap that has emerged in contemporary times. Do you agree? Substantiate your views. (15 Marks) Approach Candidates in the start need to refer the context of statements given by the EAM of India and then try to write about basic information on Quad. As question demands to substantiate views with agreeing the statement candidates need to write how quad fills the new gap emerged in contemporary times. Introduction Quad today fills a very important gap that has emerged in contemporary times, where there are global or regional requirements, which cannot be filled by a single country. It cannot even be filled by one bilateral relationship, and which is not being addressed at the multilateral level as per EAM Jaishankar. Body Quad group: Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) is the informal strategic dialogue between India, USA, Japan and Australia with a shared objective to ensure and support a “free, open and prosperous” Indo-Pacific region. It is a grouping frequently seen in the international arena nowadays because of the current geopolitical situation in the world. As per Indian foreign policy QUAD is united by its democratic values and will remain an important pillar of stability in the Indo-Pacific region. QUAD grouping is the start of a new, permanent and powerful regional grouping of like-minded democracies it tend to fill gap that has emerged in contemporary times in many ways: Indo Pacific is a decade old concept which has gained a significant currency recently. It is based on the understanding that the seemingly diverse theatres of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean with Quad members constituted together linked it can achieve strategic theatre and a unified strategic heft to tackle Chinese presence. Quad can recognises a strategic interconnection with regard to the common opportunities and common challenges shared by the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Also it fulfils India’s interest as an inclusive space for all stakeholders based on common responsibilities. Quad can be aimed at ensuring the re-establishment of an older order in the Indopacfic with democratisation of region will be helpful in destabilising Chinese assertion. It will also provide rule based order which is missing. Quad is an expression of the convergence of interests of many countries. It is in many ways a reflection of the contemporary nature of the world moving forward to put the Cold War type scenario behind us. Quad discusses maritime security and connectivity, in recent years. It has started to discuss technology issues, supply chain issues and vaccine production. There are also marine, sort of safety quality issues. Though India is part of Quad, it is not a formal alliance or any security architecture against China. Moreover, alliances are not even feasible in this globalized world based on complex interdependence. But QUAD membership reinforces India’s multi-polar foreign policy. Members share a vision of an open and free Indo-Pacific. Each is involved in development and economic projects as well as in promoting maritime domain awareness and maritime security. India, as a mistress of the Indian Ocean, holds the responsibility to act as the net security provider in the Indian Ocean region. India along with likeminded countries of Quad can counter China’s String of Pearls strategy and ‘debt-trap’ diplomacy. Moreover Quad can build around collective action in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, monitoring shipping for search and rescue or anti-piracy operations, infrastructure assistance to climatically vulnerable states, connectivity initiatives and similar activities. QUAD is, through its intent, a label, a geostrategic vision and a foreign policy instrument for India to balance China via global networking. When a tipping point is reached, it provides scope for the forging of an alliance amongst the world’s most formidable militaries. The maritime space is a lot more important to China than engaging in opportunistic land grab attempts in the Himalayas. A huge chunk of Chinese trade happens via the Indian oceanic routes that pass through maritime chokepoints. In the event of any chinese aggression on borders, India by cooperation with Quad countries can potentially disrupt chinese trade. Wayforward: Quad should avoid becoming an Asian-NATO as being projected in the discussions. Such an alliance has the potential to start an arms race in the region. It should be more inclusive, taking into consideration the interest and concerns of littoral and ASEAN countries. India should not compromise on its strategic autonomy unlike Australia and Japan, which are bound by alliance treaties to the U.S. Conclusion Quad members have vowed to strive for an Indo-Pacific region to fill the gap with that of free, open, inclusive, healthy, anchored with democratic values, and unconstrained by coercion, sending a clear message to China against its aggressive actions in the region. TLP Synopsis Day 105 PDF

Jun 4, 2021 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 4th June 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) New Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) appointed Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - Statutory bodies; Indian Polity In news Justice Arun Kumar Mishra was appointed as the Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). Why does the news matter? National Human Rights Commission is one of the Statutory Bodies of India. Other Statutory Bodies: National Commission for Women National Commission for Minorities National Green Tribunal National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission Armed Forces Tribunal Important value additions National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) NHRC was established in 1993. It is in conformity with the Paris Principles, adopted at the first international workshop on national institutions for the protection of human rights held in Paris in 1991. Status: It is a statutory organization established under the Protection of Human Rights Act (PHRA), 1993 Headquarters: New Delhi. Functions: To investigate the violation of human rights/ the failures of the states/other to prevent a human rights violation The commissions may also take on research about human rights, create awareness campaigns through various mediums, and encourage the work of NGOs. Composition: Chairperson, four full-time Members and four deemed Members. A Chairperson, should be retired Chief Justice of India or a Judge of the Supreme Court. Appointment: The Chairperson and members of the NHRC are appointed by the President of India, on the recommendation of a committee consisting of: The Prime Minister (Chairperson) The Home Minister The Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha The Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha The Speaker of the Lok Sabha The Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha They hold office for a term of three years or until they attain the age of 70 years, whichever is earlier. The President can remove them from the office under specific circumstances. Launch of Seed Minikits Programme Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III - Economy In news The Seed Minikit Programme was launched recently. Launched by: Ministry of Agriculture Seed Minikits consisting of higher yielding varieties of seeds of Pulses and oilseeds were distributed to farmers. It is wholly funded by the Government of India through the National Food Security Mission. Benefits of the Programme It is a major tool for introducing new varieties of seeds in the farmers' fields. It will ensure better harvest and better income. It is instrumental for increasing the seed replacement rate The distribution is free of cost Who is providing the kits? The Central Agencies National Seeds Corporation (NCS), NAFED and Gujarat State Seeds Corporation More Caves found at Trirashmi Hill Part of: GS Prelims and GS -I - Culture In news The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has found three more caves in Trirashmi hill in Nashik, Maharashtra. The Trirashmi Buddhist caves, also known as Pandav Leni, are also located at the same place. More about the caves: The newly found caves are believed to be older than the Trirashmi caves. These are assumed to be the dwellings of Buddhist monks. All the caves have verandahs and the characteristic square stone platform for monks. There are special arrangements for monks to meditate, similar to the Kanheri and Wai caves. Important value additions Trirashmi caves The Trirashmi or Pandav Leni caves are a group of 25 caves. They were carved out of Trirashmi Hill between the 2nd century BC and 6th century AD. It is an ASI protected site and a tourist destination. The Buddhist sculptures and caves in Nashik are early examples of Indian rock-cut architecture representing the Hinayana tradition of Buddhism. MAHAYANA BUDDHISM HIMAYANA BUDDHISM It considers Gautama Buddha to be a divine being who will help his followers to attain nirvana It considers Gautama Buddha as an ordinary human being who attained Nirvana Its followers can be found in China, (South) Korea, Japan and Tibet Its followers are found in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia and Laos Scriptures were written in Sanskrit Scriptures were written in Pali It began to flourish around 500 BC. It started to flourish around 250 BC. Related articles Buddhist Philosophy on Dharmachakra Day Nearly 10,000 children in immediate need of care and protection: Bal Swaraj Portal Part of: GS Prelims and GS -II - Policies and interventions In news According to Bal Swaraj Portal, nearly 10,000 children in India are in immediate need of care and protection. They include children aged between zero and 17 orphaned or abandoned during the COVID-19 pandemic since March 2020. Important value additions Bal Swaraj Portal Created by: The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Significance: NCPCR has developed it as part of its role of a monitoring authority under section 109 of the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 and to address the growing problem of Children being affected by COVID-19. Objective: Online tracking and Real-time monitoring of Children who have lost both parents/either of the parents during COVID-19 and are in need of care and protection Working: It will track children affected by COVID-19 right from the production of children before the Child Welfare Committee (CWC) to the restoration of the children to their parent/guardian/relative and its subsequent follow-up. The data will be filled in the portal by the District officers and State officers for each child. Why does the news matter? These children are at high risk of being pushed into trafficking and flesh trade. The Commission had already received several complaints of government authorities illegally transferring details of children to private entities and NGOs. These are vulnerable sections of society devastated by COVID-19 Monsoon rains in June-September to be 101% of The Long Period Average (LPA) Part of: GS Prelims and GS-I - Geography In news According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), monsoon rains in June-September would be 101% of the Long Period Average (LPA) of 88 cm. This still constitutes ‘normal’ rainfall, which is from 96-104% of the LPA. About Long Period Average (LPA) It is the average of rainfall received over a 50-year period between 1951 and 2001, which is around 89 cm of rainfall. This is kept as a benchmark while forecasting the quantitative rainfall for the monsoon season every year. Categories of the rainfall IMD maintains five rainfall distribution categories on an all-India scale: Excess: If the rainfall is more than 110 % of this LPA. Above Normal: If the rainfall is between 104 and 110 % of this LPA. Normal: If the rainfall is between 96 and 104 % of this LPA. Below Normal: If the rainfall is between 90 and 96 % of this LPA. Deficient: If the rainfall is less than 90 % of this LPA. Miscellaneous H10N3 Avian Influenza China has reported the world’s first case of a human infected with H10N3 avian influenza in Jiangsu province. Influenza A virus subtype H10N3 is a subtype of viruses that causes influenza (flu). It is mostly present in wild avian species. H10N3 is usually a less severe strain It is unlikely to cause a significant outbreak. (Mains Focus) GOVERNANCE/ ECONOMY Topic: GS-2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources Model Tenancy Act Context: After releasing the draft in 2019, the Union Cabinet has approved the Model Tenancy Act (MTA) to streamline the process of renting property in India and aid the rent economy in the estate sector. States can adopt the Act as it is with fresh legislation or they can amend their existing rent acts to factor in the new MTA. Why this Act? Restrictive Laws: As per Census 2011, more than 1 crore houses were lying vacant in urban areas. The existing rent control laws are restricting the growth of rental housing and discourage owners from renting out their vacant houses due to fear of repossession. Large scale informalisation in sector: One of the potential measures to unlock the vacant house is to bringing transparency and accountability in the existing system of renting of premises and to balance the interests of both the property owner and tenant in a judicious manner. Lack of Uniformity: Since it is a state subject, states have enacted their laws and it differs from one state to another. Housing Poverty: 2013 report by a Task Force for Rental Housing held that affordable rental housing “addresses the issues of the underprivileged and inclusive growth, in an even more direct manner than affordable ownership housing”. Model Tenancy Act helps bring investment in the sector as the sector provides better safeguards. Where it applies After enforcement of this Act, no person can let or take on rent any premises except by an agreement in writing. The new Act will be applicable prospectively and will not affect existing tenancies. The Act seeks to cover urban and as well as rural areas. What’s new in Model Tenancy Act? Dedicated Institutions: States will set up a grievance redressal mechanism comprising of Rent Authority, Rent Court and Rent Tribunal to provide fast-track resolution of disputes. Time Bound Resolution: Disposal of a complaint/appeal by the Rent Court and the Rent Tribunal will be mandatory within 60 days. No monetary ceiling on rents: At present, in many old properties let out under archaic rent-control Acts, such ceilings have left landlords stuck with outdated rent amounts. This will be done away with in new model act. A digital platform will be set up in the local vernacular language or the language of the State/Union Territory for submitting tenancy agreement and other documents. Rent Authority will keep a tab on these agreements. Proper Documentation: Verbal agreements will be out of the picture, as the MTA mandates written agreement for all new tenancies (prospective) which is to be submitted to Rent Authority. Clarity on Subletting: Subletting of premises can only be done with the prior consent of the landlord, and no structural change can be done by the tenant without the written consent of the landlord. Guidelines on Security Deposit: The security deposit to be paid by the tenant should not exceed two months’ rent for residential property (six months’ rent in case of non-residential property) Provision for eviction: The Rent Court can allow repossession by the landlord if the tenant misuses the premises, after being served a notice by the landowner. Misuse of the premises, as defined, includes public nuisance, damage, or its use for “immoral or illegal purposes”. Merits of MTA Formalise the shadow market of rental housing Protects interests of both tenant and owner Faster resolution of disputes Unlock vacant properties Increase rental yields Ease/remove exploitative practices Reduce procedural barriers in registration Increase transparency and discipline. Attracts private investment into the sector. Connecting the dots: Need for Land Leasing Reforms Model Agricultural Land Leasing Act SCIENCE & TECH Topic: GS-3: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life. Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST): China’s Artificial Sun About Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) reactor is an advanced nuclear fusion experimental research device located at the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP) in Hefei, China. The purpose of the artificial sun is to replicate the process of nuclear fusion, which is the same reaction that powers the sun. Apart from the EAST, China is currently operating the HL-2A reactor as well as J-TEXT. The EAST project is part of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) facility, which will become the world’s largest nuclear fusion reactor when it becomes operational in 2035. The project includes the contributions of several countries, including India, South Korea, Japan, Russia and the United States. How does the ‘artificial sun’ EAST work? The EAST Tokamak device is designed to replicate the nuclear fusion process carried out by the sun and stars. Nuclear fusion is a process through which high levels of energy are produced without generating large quantities of nuclear waste. Previously, energy was produced through nuclear fission — a process in which the nucleus of a heavy atom was split into two or more nuclei of lighter atoms. While fission is an easier process to carry out, it generates far more nuclear waste. Unlike fission, fusion also does not emit greenhouse gases and is considered a safer process with lower risk of accidents. Once mastered, nuclear fusion could potentially provide unlimited clean energy and very low costs. For nuclear fusion to occur, tremendous heat and pressure are applied on hydrogen atoms so that they fuse together. The nuclei of deuterium and tritium — both found in hydrogen — are made to fuse together to create a helium nucleus, a neutron along with a whole lot of energy. Fuel is heated to temperatures of over 150 million degrees C so that it forms a hot plasma “soup” of subatomic particles. With the help of a strong magnetic field, the plasma is kept away from the walls of the reactor to ensure it does not cool down and lose its potential to generate large amounts of energy. The plasma is confined for long durations for fusion to take place. What is the latest record by EAST and why does it matter? The EAST reactor set a new record when it achieved a plasma temperature of 216 million degrees Fahrenheit and also managed to run for 20 seconds at 288 million degrees Fahrenheit. To put this in perspective, the sun’s core only reaches about 15 million degrees Celsius, which means the reactor was able to touch temperatures that are 10 times hotter than that. The next goal for the scientists behind the experimental reactor is to maintain the high temperature for a long period of time. Previously, the EAST had reached a record temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius in 2018. This future technology is critical for China’s green development push and the new record is a small step in this direction of creating artificial sun But China is not the only country that has achieved high plasma temperatures. In 2020, South Korea’s KSTAR reactor set a new record by maintaining a plasma temperature of over 100 million degrees Celsius for 20 seconds. Conclusion There is still a long way to go for China’s experimental ‘artificial sun’. It will take decades for a working reactor to emerge from its experimental stages. Connecting the dots: USA’s plan to have Nuclear Reactor On Moon Russia’s floating Nuclear Power Plant (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1 Consider the following statements regarding National Human Rights Commission: The memebers are appointed by the President of India. It is a Quasi-Judicial Body of India Which of the above is or are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2 Consider the following statements regarding rainfall distribution categories on an all-India scale as maintained by IMD: It is categorised as Excess rainfall if it rains more than 100 % of LPA. It is categorised as above Normal rainfall if it rains between 96 and 104% of LPA. Which of the above is or are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 ANSWERS FOR 3rd June 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 D 2 D 3 D Must Read On rural healthcare: The Hindu On sedition: Indian Express About achievements of India’s foreign Policy: Indian Express

Jun 4, 2021 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 4th JUNE 2021

Jun 4, 2021 TLP Mains Answer Writing

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 3 Questions [4th JUNE,2021] – Day 105

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome to IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 3 Questions [4th JUNE,2021] – Day 105 TLP (Phase 1) just got over on 8th May (Saturday) and we are extremely thankful for your active participation to make this program a success. Well, though TLP (Phase 1) got over, ‘Picture abhi baaqi hai mere dost’. There is a surprise for you. Since prelims is bound to get delayed once again this year, its not wise to leave the writing practice just now. Hence, we are extending the TLP program We will be posting 3 questions per day (Monday to Friday). The questions will be based on Current Affairs, so that you don’t have to invest your time separately on exclusively mains oriented topics. So, keep practicing and keep improving. To Know More about TLP -> CLICK HERE For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. The technological advancement in the field of biometrics is reaching new heights with each passing day. Some of the solutions offered by biometrics are being used to improve the lives of millions of Indian citizens. Can you identify some of them? What potential do you see in the use of biometrics in further utilising it in areas that are hitherto untouched in India? Comment. (10 Marks) बायोमेट्रिक्स के क्षेत्र में तकनीकी प्रगति हर गुजरते दिन के साथ नई ऊंचाइयों पर पहुंच रही है। बायोमेट्रिक्स द्वारा पेश किए गए कुछ समाधानों का उपयोग लाखों भारतीय नागरिकों के जीवन को बेहतर बनाने के लिए किया जा रहा है। क्या आप उनमें से कुछ की पहचान कर सकते हैं? आप भारत में अब तक अछूते क्षेत्रों में बायोमेट्रिक्स के उपयोग में इसके आगे उपयोग में क्या क्षमता देखते हैं? टिप्पणी करें। 2. The number of patents registered by Indian universities and research institutes are abysmally low as compared to their international counterparts. Why? Examine. Can you suggest some measures to address this situation? (10 Marks) भारतीय विश्वविद्यालयों और अनुसंधान संस्थानों द्वारा पंजीकृत पेटेंटों की संख्या उनके अंतरराष्ट्रीय समकक्षों की तुलना में बहुत कम है। क्यों? जांच करें। क्या आप इस स्थिति से निपटने के लिए कुछ उपाय सुझा सकते हैं? 3. Quad fills important gap that has emerged in contemporary times. Do you agree? Substantiate your views. (15 Marks) क्वाड एक महत्वपूर्ण रिक्ति को भरता है जो समकालीन समय में उभरा है। क्या आप सहमत हैं? अपने विचारों की पुष्टि करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm every day. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each other's answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

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