Mar 25, 2021 TLP Mains Answer Writing

SYNOPSIS [22nd March,2021] Day 61: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE SYNOPSIS [22nd March,2021] Day 61: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies) 1. What are the factors responsible for the prevalence of wide regional disparity in terms of economic development? Explain. Approach Candidates are expected to write about the regional disparity and then explain the factors responsible for the prevalence of wide regional disparities in terms of economic development. Introduction Regional disparities are an alarming issue in India, and it has been widening in spite of various policy initiatives by the government to develop backward areas. The fruit of high growth have not been distributed fairly across India's different regions and have given rise to the threat of regional inequality. Disparities in social and economic development, employment, and infrastructure amenities across the regions and within regions have been a major challenge to policy makers and economists. Body Factors responsible for prevalence of wide regional disparity in terms of economic developmentdevelopment – Historical Factor: The British government and industrialists developed only those regions of the country which possessed rich potential for prosperous manufacturing and trading activities. Thus port cities like Bombay, and strategically important areas like Calcutta and Madras received initial development. In the absence of proper land reform measures and proper industrial policy, the country could not attain economic growth to a satisfactory level. Geographical Factors: The difficult terrain surrounded by flood prone areas, hilly terrain, rivers and dense forests leads to increase in the cost of administration, cost of developmental projects, besides making mobilization of resources particularly difficult. Himalayan states like Himachal Pradesh, Northern Kashmir, Uttarakhand, North-Eastern states remained mostly backward due to its inaccessibility and other inherent difficulties. Restricted Success of Green Revolution: Green revolution improved the agricultural sector to a considerable extent through the adoption of new agricultural strategy of high yielding variety seeds, assured irrigation, provision of technical knowhow etc. However, the benefit of green revolution were restricted to Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh as this belt had advantage of irrigation facilities, were traditionally wheat growing states, State Government support which other areas lacked. Failure of Planning Mechanism: Although balanced growth has been accepted as one of the major objectives of economic planning in India since the Second Plan onwards but it did not make much headway in achieving this object. Rather, in real sense, planning mechanisms has enlarged the disparity between the developed states and less developed states of the country. Lack of Growth of Ancillary Industries in Backward States: The Government of India has been following a decentralized approach for the development of backward regions through its investment programmes on public sector industrial enterprises located in backward areas. But due to lack of growth of ancillary industries in these areas, all these areas remained backward in spite of huge investment made by the Centre. Political Instability: Another important factor responsible for regional imbalance is the political instability prevailing in the backward regions of the country. Political instability in the form of unstable government, extremist violence, law and order problem etc. have been obstructing the flow of investments into these backward regions besides making flight of capital from these backward states. Thus this political instability prevailing in same backward regions of the country are standing as a hurdle in the path of economic development of these regions. Intra Regional Disparity: An important aspect of regional disparities in India is the significant level of disparities, which exist within different States. For example, Vidarbha in Maharashtra, Saurashtra in Gujarat. Way forward and government recent initiatives to reduce regional disparity – The large weight given to "Income Distance" by 14th Finance commission is an important step towards plugging the gaps in per-capita income between states. For North east region East West Corridor project, Special Accelerated Road Development Project (SARDP-NE) and Trans Arunachal Highway for increasing connectivity. Backward Region Grant Fund (BRGF) is a Programme implemented in 272 identified backward districts in all States of the country to redress regional imbalances in development. NITI Aayog’s Three Year Action Agenda underlines the specific action for North Himalayan states, North-Eastern states, Coastal regions and Islands and Desert & Drought prone areas this action plan should be diligently implemented. Conclusion Inequalities in the income caused the greater disparities in the living standard of all-over India as well as poor regions. The challenges that India faces in reducing inequality in the future and more effectively than it has in the past are an enormous one. India has met and mastered other major challenges and is pursuing its goal of higher Economic growth in all regions with the policies of structural adjustment programmes. India need to focus on deregulating sectors on which depends the livelihood of many of the poor and on improving the provision of resource allocation and creation of more employment to the underprivileged regions like Eastern and Central India. 2. Do you think industrial expansion is an effective strategy to bring in economic growth in the hill states of India? Critically comment. Approach  Candidate can elaborate on idea of development and economic growth in hilly areas. With the help of some examples, ideal growth model can be given. Introduction The Indian Himalayan region covers ten states and and four hill districts of India, viz. Jammu &Kashmir;, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, among the states and the hill districts of Dima Hasao, Karbi Anglong in Assam and Darjeeling, Kalimpong in West Bengal. The uncontrolled demand-driven economic growth has led to haphazard urbanization, environmental degradation and increased risks and vulnerabilities, seriously compromising the unique values of Himalayan ecosystems. Body What are the development problems hill states are facing? The hill areas are characterised by inaccessibility because of poorly developed infrastructure as it is expensive to lay roads and rail lines in the hilly terrain. Because of inaccessibility, the areas are sparsely populated and the level of economic activity is low. Investment is also difficult to come by. Education, health and housing facilities in these regions reflect their underdeveloped nature. The fragile communication links that these regions have come under strain, often getting broken at times of heavy rains, snowfall, landslides, floods, etc. Because of intrusion of outsiders with commercial intentions in these regions, deforestation and reckless construction activities are becoming increasingly common. This is threatening the fragile eco-system of hilly areas, causing widespread soil erosion and siltation of streams. Increasing disparity in levels of development in these areas and the rest of the country has given rise to a sense of alienation in some areas. The fact that the hilly regions of India are located along its borders, creates a sense of alienation in the people. This, in turn, often gets transformed into secessionist movements. Also, many of these areas are inhabited by tribals which makes the issue of development of hill areas even more significant. What can be done? The demands of hilly areas are different as they have unique topography and fragile environment and hence the strategy for growth cannot be same like that of the plains. The recent events in Uttarakhand have shown, more than ever, that we need a development strategy for the Himalayas that takes into account the vulnerability of the region and the need for environment protection. There is no doubt that the region needs economic growth. But this development cannot come at the cost of the environment. It is also clear that these strategies will have to be based on the regions natural resources—forests, water, biodiversity, organic and speciality foods, nature tourism—but will need to address the specific threats so that growth does not come at the cost of the environment. In Himachal Pradesh where there is lot of pharmaceutical industries is showing promising results of economic growth. In Himalayan states where the economy is mainly dependent on tourism sector industrial growth can be alternative but the same model cannot be replicated everywhere. The regions other key resource is the water that flows from high glaciers and mountains to the plains. This resource has to be discussed, both in terms of its opportunity and as a threat to its ecology and economy. Currently, there is a mad rush to build run-of-the-river projects and dams across the region. India has witnessed one of the worst disasters and dams aggravated the disaster. For the hilly areas, Tourism has existed for a very long time. Apart from pilgrimage tourism, moderntourism in the IHR region, which is represented by mass tourism, largely limited to sightseeing and visiting major tourism hubs, is also putting severe stress on the ecology and ecosystem services of the Himalaya as well as on local social structures. In the 11th Five-Year Plan of Indias Planning Commission: Tourism is the largest service industry in the country. Its importance lies in being an instrument for economic development and employment generation, particularly in remote and backward areas.  Industrial expansion will bring with it the permanent damage to ecosystem and threat to biodiversity. Cluster based approach can be beneficial for the small and effective industrial development. Developing self help groups, empowering marginalised communities through focused approach on backward areas will reap benefits. Conclusion Himalayan region represents unique ecosystem and exact models of growth cannot be replicated blindly. The new models will have to be developed with local models of development. For example model developed by Sonam wangchuk involving local population. Niti aayog report on the same can be referred for the future path. 3. What are the challenges of development in tribal pockets of India? Discuss the recent government initiatives for ensuring inclusive growth of tribal areas. Approach Question is asking you to discuss, it requires you to write a debate where one has to use your skill at reasoning, backed up by deliberately selected evidence to make a case for and against an argument. Introduction The greatest challenge that the Government of India has been facing since independence is the proper provision of social justice to the scheduled tribe people, by ameliorating their socio-economic conditions. Scheduled Tribes, Scheduled Castes and denotified tribes constitute the weakest section of India's population, from the ecological, economic and educational angles. They constitute the matrix of India's poverty. Though the tribals are the sons of the same soil and the citizens of the same country, they born and grow as the children of the nature. From the historical point of view, they have been subjected to the worst type of exploitation social. They are practically deprived of many civic facilities and isolated from modern and civilized way of living since so many centuries. Body THE CHALLENGES OF DEVELOPMENT IN TRIBAL POCKETS OF INDIA – Loss of Control over Natural Resources: Before the coming of the British, the tribals enjoyed unhindered rights of ownership and management over natural resources like land, forests, wildlife, water, soil, fish, etc. With the advent of industrialisation in India and the discovery of mineral and other resources in tribal inhabited areas, these pockets were thrown open to outsiders and state control replaced tribal control. Lack of Education: According to the 1991 Census, nearly 70 per cent of the tribals are illiterates. Although it cannot be denied that education can act as the instrument for betterment of the tribals ensuring greater participation for them in the development process, still there are certain factors which inhibit the tribals from taking to education. Neglect and lack of special attention of tribal and scheduled areas inspite of constitutional provision Very inadequate allotment of fund in both general and special sectors to cover all aspects of development of the tribals areas.  Displacement and Rehabilitation: After independence, the focus of the development process was on heavy industries and the core sector. As a result, huge steel plants, power projects and large dams came up—most of them in the tribal inhabited areas. The mining activities were also accelerated in these areas. Acquisition of tribal land by the government for these projects led to large scale displacement of the tribal population. The tribal pockets of Chhotanagpur region, Orissa, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh suffered the most. Inadequate administrative machinery to integrate all the sec- toral programme coupled with the lack of co-ordination and integration at inter and intra departmental levels within the state as well as state vs. central sectoral levels.  Lack of effective personnel policy of the government which finds reflected in frequent transfer of key personnel in administration, inadequate incentive to work in and for tribal areas, lack of specialized training in tribal culture as well as the inculcation in them the spirit of social service.  Problems of Health and Nutrition: Because of economic backwardness and insecure livelihood, the tribals face health problems, such as prevalence of disease, like malaria, cholera, tuberculosis, diarrhoea and jaundice, problems associated with malnutrition like iron deficiency and anaemia, high infant mortality rates, low levels of life expectancy, etc. Lack of reliance on the part of the government to adopt scientific planning and ensure implementation based on research findings.  Excessive politicization of the tribal issues and failure on the part of the tribal societies to throw in dedicated, articulate, and enlightened local leaders. Erosion of Identity: Increasingly, the traditional institutions and laws of tribals are coming into conflict with modern institutions which create apprehensions among the tribals about preserving their identity. Extinction of tribal dialects and languages is another cause of concern as it indicates an erosion of tribal identity in certain areas. RECENT GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES FOR ENSURING INCLUSIVE GROWTH OF TRIBAL AREAS – There was considerable progress in digital mechanisms and online monitoring systems especially for scholarship schemes and expenditure of funds for tribal welfare.  Tribal medicine emerged as another priority area along with tribal research. Expansion of eklavya model residential schools was stepped up this year while empowerment of tribals through schemes like van dhanyojana and aadi mahotsavas also remained on the forefront.  Affirmation of tribal rights and their role in forest development was another important highlight this year. Ministry of tribal affairs launched the tribal health and nutrition portal swasthyaand opened national overseas portal and national tribal fellowship portal. The e-portal on tribal health and nutrition named swasthya, is a first of its kind e-portal, providing all health and nutrition related information of the tribal population of India in a single platform. Swasthya will also curate innovative practices, research briefs, case studies, and best practices collected from different parts of India to facilitate the exchange of evidence, expertise and experiences. The scheme of development of PVTGS covers 75 identified PVTGS in 18 states and UT of Andaman &Nicobar; Islands for the activities like housing, land distribution, land development, agricultural development, animal husbandry, construction of link roads, installation of non-conventional sources of energy for lighting purpose, social security including janashreebima yojana or any other innovative activity meant for the comprehensive socio-economic development of PVTGS.  Support to tribal research institutes (tris) and tribal festivals, research information and mass education In the above schemes, the focus of the Ministry is to preserve and promote tribal culture and dissemination of information. Conclusion The majority of the tribal people are not even aware of the development schemes implemented by government agencies. Without creating awareness among the tribal people, it is difficult to achieve better results. All these deficiencies in tribal affairs make us sad. If we really want to combat the problem of poverty prevalent among the tribal communities such an unimaginative, unscientific, and unsympathetic approach to tribal problems must go. 4. Should the government stop depending on petrol, diesel taxes to bridge its fiscal deficit? Share your views. Approach Question is straight forward in its approach students are expected to share their views on should government stop depending on petrol and diesel taxes to bridge its fiscal deficit, also it is important to suggest other means of deficit financing if views are otherwise. Introduction Taxes constitute a high proportion of the retail price of petrol. When tax revenues were hit hard by the Covid-19 pandemic, the government raised the excise duty on petrol and diesel in March 2020 and again in May 2020 to garner revenues. Households did not feel the pain of the rise in excise duties because global crude oil prices had crashed. Despite a slump in international crude oil prices due to the pandemic, the prices of petrol and diesel did not decline. The gains were adjusted against the excise duty hike to provide a cushion to the government’s tight fiscal situation.  Body Components of the price structure of petrol and diesel in India – Retail prices of petrol and diesel in India are revised by oil companies on a daily basis, according to changes in the price of global crude oil. However, the price paid by oil companies makes up 51% of the retail price in case of petrol, and 61% in the case of diesel. The revenue composition of the last few years shows that oil has become a significant source of revenue for the government. The share of tax revenues from oil in the government’s gross tax revenue has shown a steady increase. Between 2014 and 2016, when global crude oil prices were declining, the government raised the excise duty on petrol and diesel on multiple occasions. While excise duty rates are uniform across the country, states levy sales tax/value added tax (VAT), the rates of which differ across states. The different tax rates levied by states on petrol and diesel, which results in their varying retail prices across the country. For instance, the tax rates levied by states on petrol ranges from 17% in Goa to 39% in Maharashtra. Impact of high duty on petroleum products – First, it hurts consumer pockets and can be inflationary. The rise in crude oil prices in recent weeks, amid the elevated excise duties, is causing retail prices of petrol and diesel to rise. High fuel prices will feed into higher inflation. This could happen through two channels: Directly, as crude products feature as constituents in the Consumer Price Index basket (in the fuel and lightand transport and communicationcategory), and indirectly, as higher transportation costs due to increase in the price of fuel. The latter would impact the price of other products ranging from vegetables, egg, meat, milk, to cement, fertilisers, chemicals etc. The prices of services could also likely rise due to an increase in fuel prices. Second, it creates excessive fiscal dependence on petroleum products. Petrol and diesel have been easy targets for raising revenues for the government. Thirdly it may affect industrial growth – the cost of inputs is going to increase and since these are important raw materials, it will have a limiting impact on the growth. Political Costs – the opposition parties have hammered the government targeting this issue. The price of petrol in Delhi in 2014 was around ₹ 52 and today has crossed ₹ 95. On the face of it, the difference is too large but adjusted with inflation the differential will be marginal, but for the price-sensitive common man in India, this difference is too big a burden and represents a failure on the part of the government of the present day. The RBIs MPC has raised concerns over the inflationary impact of rising crude oil prices and high indirect taxes on petrol and diesel. The MPC has called for a calibrated reduction in high indirect taxes on petrol and diesel to contain the build-up of inflationary pressures in the economy. Views on government’s dependence on petrol and diesel taxes – Excessive fiscal dependence on oil can discourage the move towards renewable sources of energy. Further, until public transport that depends on renewable power is created, increasing fuel prices by higher excise is only going to pinch pockets without offering a long-term solution. Easing access to alternate sources of energy is required to save billions of resources on imported fuel, to prevent a surge in trade deficit and to guard against oil-price shocks. Another area that can help reduce the dependence on fuel is incentivising the use of electric vehicles (EVs). This will also provide a boost to India’s efforts at reducing air pollution. The voluntary vehicle scrappage policy announced in the Budget aims to phase out private and commercial vehicles that are more than 15 and 20 years old. The removal of these old cars would give space for fuel-efficient and environment-friendly vehicles and will also help reduce the huge import bill. Environmentalists concerned about global warming may not object to high taxes on petrol and diesel as they constitute a carbon tax and discourage greater use. Studies indicate that Indias oil needs will be more than any other country by 2040. But carbon taxes are inadequate to move towards renewable sources of energy. There is also a need to incentivise the use of alternate energy sources like natural gas and solar power. Bringing petrol-diesel under GST will lead to a sharp fall in current prices the highest slab under the existing GST rates is 28%. Even if petrol and diesel were to be taxed at the highest rate, the post-tax price will be much lower than what it is currently. This will not impact government much in terms of revenues rather will allow government to go for other means of bridging the revenue gap like disinvestment, push for clean energy usage and domestic exploration of petroleum. Conclusion The government's ability to give relief is only when its finances are strong, while on the other hand in an election year the spending cut is not an option since it would hamper the government's spending on development schemes. Over dependence on single source of revenue is sometimes fatal for economy there are other measure like rationalising subsidies, increasing tax base( both direct and indirect) etc to increase economys health, however it would not be prudent to decrease the tax rate on petroleum products sharply when economy is going through tough phase and government in need of more revenues, caliberated approach is necessary to balance the revenues and manage the oil prices bringing the petroleum under GST will enhance uniformity and will definitely ease burden on common man as well. 5. Ensuring a stable and predictable policy environment is a prerequisite for sustained economic growth. Do you agree? Substantiate. Approach The candidate needs to give his/her opinion about the preposition that prerequisite for sustained economic growth being a stable and predictable policy environment and also substantiate the views.  Introduction Economic growth and policy stability are deeply interconnected. On the one hand, the uncertainty associated with an unstable policy environment may reduce investment and the pace of economic development. On the other hand, poor economic performance may lead to government collapse and political unrest.  Body The Economic Survey of India (2018-19) explains how economic policy uncertainty peaked in 2011-12 coinciding with the years of policy paralysis. It goes on to establish the correlation between the Economic Policy Uncertainty Index and foreign investment. Thus, too much uncertainty is the natural enemy of long-term investment, which itself is the key for economic growth. Consequently, the necessity for a stable and predictable policy environment as a prerequisite for sustained economic growth can be seen from following points – Frequent upheavals in the marketplace or uncertainty about the terms and directions of competition add a significant element of risk to longer-term business decisions, which drives companies to seek recovery of their investments in the shorter period of time and dampens investment activities. On the one hand, stable and predictable policy regulation for worker and consumer safety and protection of the environment can drive important and innovative developments with positive long-term consequences.  Waste and emissions standards establish fixed targets for improving processes and, as such, can encourage innovative approaches to problem solutions; for example, product innovation in the automobile industry to reduce pollution has resulted in major innovations.  On the other hand, frequent changes in tax policy, regulatory structures, government licensing practices, and other forms of government interaction with industry can be quite damaging due to the efforts required in adhering to the changes newly encountered. The use of regulation to create or stabilize markets is an important public role in encouraging long-term investment. Government regulation plays an important role in creating safe and reliable financial and air transport markets, albeit the definition of safety in the two markets is quite different.  Government's ability to create a monopoly (often regulated and designed to be temporary) during certain stages of an industry's development is another tool to promote policy stability. This tool has been used with AT&T; and the U.S. telephone system as well as with innumerable local activities such as electric power, gas, water, sewer, and taxicab services. But at the same time, policy stability and predictability has limited role to play in sustained economic growth. This is evident from the following points – While the Central government has been making frequent changes in the FDI policy, many Indian trade bodies have been making allegations against large foreign e-commerce companies to be violating norms and doing business. Here, policy stability can lead to skewed business practices where correction efforts are pushed to the background. While the peaceful environment that policy stability may offer is a desideratum, it could easily become a breeding ground for cronyism with impunity. Such is the dilemma that many countries with a fragile political order have to face.   Democratic regimes, like all political regimes, are fragile. Irrespective of policy regimes, if a country does not need to worry about conflicts and radical changes of regimes, the people can concentrate on working, saving, and investing.  Some see policy stability as a condition that not only precludes any form of change, but also demoralizes the public.  Innovation and ingenuity take a backseat.  Way Forward: Three recommendations to reduce policy uncertainty include – Policymakers must ensure that policy actions are predictable by providing forward guidance and reducing arbitrariness in implementation. Policymakers must monitor economic policy uncertainty index. The government must encourage creation of sub-indices to capture policy uncertainty in areas such as fiscal policy, tax policy, monetary policy, trade policy and banking policy. Quality assurance of processes in policymaking is critical. Government departments must be mandated to seek quality certifications to reduce uncertainty at policy implementation level. Conclusion Government policies and investments are a pervasive, important, and often positive influence on the business environment and economic development where it is clear that government policies play a crucial role in creating a stable environment for investment and should be thus prioritised to make it more stable and predictable. TLP HOT Synopsis Day 61 PDF

Mar 25, 2021 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 25th March 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) National Commission for Allied and Healthcare Professionals Bill, 2021 Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – Policies and interventions; Health; Education  In news The Lok Sabha cleared the National Commission for Allied and Healthcare Professionals Bill, 2021.  It was passed by the Rajya Sabha last week. Key takeaways  The Bill seeks to regulate and standardise the education and practice of allied and healthcare professionals. Definition of ‘allied health professional’: An associate, technician, or technologist trained to support the diagnosis and treatment of any illness, disease, injury, or impairment. Such a professional should have obtained a diploma or degree under this Bill.  Definition of a ‘healthcare professional’: A scientist, therapist, or any other professional who studies, advises, research, supervises, or provides preventive, curative, rehabilitative, therapeutic, or promotional health services. Such a professional should have obtained a degree under this Bill.  Allied and healthcare professions as recognised categories: Life science professionals, trauma and burn care professionals, surgical and anaesthesia related technology professionals, physiotherapists, and nutrition science professionals. The Bill sets up the National Commission for Allied and Healthcare Professions. It will frame policies and standards for regulating education and practice, create and maintain an online Central Register of all registered professionals, and providing for a uniform entrance and exit examination, among others. The Commission will constitute a Professional Council for every recognised category of allied and healthcare professions. Within six months from the passage of the Bill, state governments will constitute State Allied and Healthcare Councils. India TB Report Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Health  In news According to the India TB report, in 2020, there were 18.05 tuberculosis notifications, which was a fall of 24% from 2019 due to the disruptions caused by the pandemic.  Released by: Health Ministry. Key takeaways  Between January and February 2020, there were 6% more cases reported than in 2019. As a result of the lockdown, notifications in the public sector fell by 38% and 44% in the private sector in April and May. Of the reported 24.04 lakh TB cases in 2019, treatment success was 82%, mortality rate was 4%.  The approved budget toward the programme was decreased from ₹3,333 crores in 2019-20 to ₹3,110 crore in 2020-21. The report said 20,892 (42%) of patients were initiated on a shorter MDR-TB regimen at the time of diagnosis.  This is a significant decline from 2019. 116th Meeting of the Permanent Indus Commission Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – International Relations  In news After a gap of more than 2.5 years Indian and Pakistani delegations began the 116th Meeting of the Permanent Indus Commission (PIC). Key takeaways  PIC is a bilateral commission consisting of officials from India and Pakistan. Objective: To implement and manage the goals, objectives and outlines of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) which was signed in September 1960 with World Bank standing guarantee for any dispute resolution. Recent meeting coincided with the National Day of Pakistan.  It is being viewed as part of the broader process of normalisation of bilateral ties between the two countries Do you know?  National Day of Pakistan commemorates the March 23, 1940 Lahore Resolution which paved the way for the creation of Pakistan. No proposal to implement Panchayat system in Sixth Schedule areas of Assam Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – Constitution  In news The Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) informed the Lok Sabha that “presently, there is no proposal to implement panchayat system in Sixth Schedule areas of Assam”. Important value additions  Sixth Schedule of the Constitution It protects tribal populations and provides autonomy to the communities through creation of autonomous development councils that can frame laws on land, public health, agriculture and others. Presently, 10 autonomous councils exist in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram. Specified tribal areas of Assam: North Cachar Hills, Karbi Anglong and the Bodoland Territorial Area  Specified tribal areas of Meghalaya: Khasi Hills, Jaintiya Hills and Garo Hills  Tribal Areas in Tripura Specified tribal areas of Mizoram: Chakma, Mara and Lai districts  Constitution (125th Amendment) Bill, 2019 In January 2019, the Union Cabinet approved amendments to increase the financial and executive powers of the autonomous councils. The Constitution (125th Amendment) Bill, 2019, was subsequently introduced in the Rajya Sabha in February 2019, that provides for elected village municipal councils. The Bill that is still active proposes that the State Election Commissions would hold elections to the autonomous councils, village and municipal councils. e-Tendering Portal-PRANIT Part of: GS Prelims and GS – III –  Infrastructure  In news Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID), a central PSU under Ministry of Power has established an e-Tendering Portal-PRANIT. Key takeaways  It will lead to less paperwork and ease of operation, making the tendering process more transparent. Certified by: Standardisation, Testing and Quality Certification Directorate (STQC), Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology POWERGRID is now the only organization in India to have an eProcurement solution on SAP Supplier Relationship Management (SRM), complying with all applicable requirements relating to security and transparency as stipulated by STQC. (Mains Focus) ECONOMY/ GOVERNANCE Topic: GS-2: Government Policies and Schemes for the development of various sectors GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development Empowering MSMEs digitally Context: A significant major contributor to the India growth story is going to be manufacturing. Manufacturing by small units, cottage units and MSMEs, if effectively facilitated, will be the game changer. Benefits of MSMEs Contribution to GDP: Nearly 6.3 crore MSMEs in India contribute one-third to the GDP of the country  Livelihood to large sections of society: MSME sector is a critical source of livelihood and provides nearly 110 million jobs Regional Balanced Development: As per data from the Ministry of MSME, almost 51% of Indian MSMEs are based in rural areas. Empowering them and helping them grow will bridge the urban-rural divide in our country. Huge Potential & Focus of government: The government of India (in 2019) envisioned that the sector would account for half of India’s GDP and add 50 million fresh jobs over the next five years. Issues Faced by MSMEs Untapped Potential: MSMEs contribute 55% and 60% to the GDP of Germany and China respectively is a clear indication that India still has a long way to go in its MSME journey. Credit supply shortage to MSMEs: The formal credit available to this sector is ₹16 trillion. The viable credit gap is ₹20 trillion against a total demand of ₹36 trillion. Lack of Formalisation Amongst MSMEs: Almost 86% of the manufacturing MSMEs operating in the country are unregistered. Even today, out of the 6.3 crore MSMEs only about 1.1 crores are registered with Goods and Services Tax regime. Technological Disruption: India‘s MSME sector is based on outdated and inefficient technology, which hampers its productivity & competitiveness. New technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics, Robotics and related technologies (collectively called as Industry Revolution 4.0) is a bigger challenge for MSMEs than for organized large-scale manufacturing. Bureaucratic Hurdles: Getting construction permits, enforcing contracts, paying taxes, starting a business and trading across borders continue to constrain doing business. Scaling issues: The MSME space is virtually a micro space formed by a plethora of small and local shops and hence, scaling them up is a problem, especially when fund access is challenging. For MSMEs to be sustainable and effective, the need of the hour is  Better automation in the production process for greater efficiencies on the input side  More channels for accessing greater markets and opportunities to become a part of the national and global supply chains. E-commerce marketplaces are today the best possible enablers for this transformation at minimal cost, innovation and investment MSMEs and E-Commerce  Aligned with Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: The Prime Minister has given the slogan of “vocal for local” and spoken several times about his vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat. E-commerce can contribute significantly in achieving this vision Growing E-commerce Space in India: Studies suggest that the India’s e-commerce market is expected to expand to USD 84 billion by 2021 from USD 24 billion in 2017. Access to larger markets: E-commerce allows for products even from hinterlands to get to the national market, thus, providing opportunities to artisans and small sellers from Tier-2/3 towns to sell online to customers beyond their local catchment. Enhances Supply Chain Efficiency: By investing in supply chains, the e-commerce sector provides opportunities for MSMEs to partner them in supply and delivery networks and thus help improve their supply chain effeciences Promotes Entrepreneurship: Start-ups and young brands are also finding opportunities to enter into e-commerce sector by connecting with MSMEs and build national brands and even going global. Additional income generation: Many offline stores are also adopting e-commerce to leverage these opportunities and the traditional and modern retail models are moving towards more offline and online collaborations. All these leads to increased business and thus additional income What steps are required in building a robust E-commerce-MSME sector? Ease of Doing Business online First, we need to address the roadblocks that the e-commerce sector suffers in terms of ease of doing business online.  Sellers on e-commerce marketplaces do not get advantage of GST threshold exemption (of Rs 40 lakh) for intra–state supplies that offline sellers enjoy because they have to “compulsorily register” even though their turnover is low. Doing away with Physical Presence Requirement The government would do well in simplifying “Principal Place of Business” (PPoB) requirement especially for online sellers by making it digital and not requiring physical presence to expand their reach outside their home state.  Today, the sellers, as in offline, are required to have a physical PPoB which, given the nature of e-commerce, is not practical.  It is better to replace physical PPoB with Place of Communication.  Eliminating the need for state specific physical PPoB requirement will facilitate sellers to get state-level GST with a single national place of business. Handholding support MSMEs needs to be provided handholding support to understand how e-commerce functions.  The government can collaborate with e-commerce entities to leverage their expertise and scale to create special on-boarding programmes, hold series of awareness sessions, provide common but important services like imaging and cataloguing, etc.  These can be provided by state governments. Tweaking Policies & Schemes Equally important is to examine the existing schemes and benefits for MSMEs, which were formulated with an offline, physical market in mind, and tweak them to include the special needs to leverage online sales channels.  For example, MSMEs could be given fiscal incentives to access markets and invest in digital marketing. The objective is to incentivise those who shift to the digital mode. There is a need to dovetail the skilling policy and programmes with the requirements of the e-commerce sector to meet future demand of the sector. Build infrastructure  Building infrastructure — both physical and digital infrastructure is important for digital transformation.  The road and telecom network will facilitate not just access to the consumer but also enable the seller from remote areas to enter the larger national market as well as the export market.  A robust logistic network and warehouse chains created by e-commerce platforms enable similar access and reach.  The National Logistics Policy should focus on e-commerce sector needs. Export Potential Government needs to take specific steps to increase exports via e-commerce like  Identify products that have potential for the export market  Connect e-commerce with export-oriented manufacturing clusters Encourage tie-ups with sector-specific export promotion councils Leverage existing SEZs to create e-commerce export zones.  Leveraging Existing Indian Postal Network India Posts can play a significant role by creating e-commerce specific small parcel solutions at competitive rates, building a parcel tracking system, and partnering with foreign post offices to enable customs clearances. E-Commerce and Foreign Trade Policy (FTP): The Foreign Trade Policy should identify the areas required by online sellers to succeed in global markets and include e-commerce export specific provisions in the upcoming revised policy.  It may include: Specific policy provisions providing incentives for e-commerce exports and Enabling end to end digitization for e-commerce exports. Conclusion MSMEs if effectively facilitated by digitisation, will be the game changer to accelerate economic growth, employment, income levels and enhance supply chain efficiencies. Digital proficiency for MSMEs is vital to set foot in the online market successfully. Without that, the sector cannot be future ready. Connecting the dots: Production Linked Incentive Scheme (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1 The causative agent of tuberculosis is: Virus Bacterium Malnutrition Protozoan Q.2 Consider the following statements:  Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) was signed in 1960 between India and Pakistan. World Bank was the standing guarantee for any dispute resolution. Which of the above is or are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3 Sixth Schedule of Indian COnstitution deals with which of the following? administration of tribal areas in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram administration of tribal areas in parts of India Emoluments of Chief Justice of India Anti-defection law ANSWERS FOR 24rd March 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 D 2 D 3 C Must Read On fiscal stimulus by US: Indian Express On UNHRC Resolution on Sri Lanka: The Hindu On water pollution: The Hindu

Mar 25, 2021 TLP Mains Answer Writing

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1 – ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 2 Questions [25th March,2021] – Day 64

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome to IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1- ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies 2 Questions [25th March 2020] – Day 64 We will make sure, in the next 100 days not a single day is wasted and your mains preparation is solidified. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. We are giving 5 Mains Questions on a daily basis so that every student can actively participate and keep your preparation focused. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. Why is child labour so prevalent in India? Discuss. What are the institutional measures in place to prevent the exploitation of children? भारत में बाल श्रम इतना प्रचलित क्यों है? चर्चा करें। बच्चों के शोषण को रोकने के लिए संस्थागत उपाय क्या हैं? 2. Homelessness is a critical challenge in urban India. Comment. What are the vulnerabilities faced by homeless people? Is there any mechanism for the welfare of the homeless? Examine. शहरी भारत में बेघर होना एक बड़ी चुनौती है। टिप्पणी करें। बेघर लोगों को किन बाधाओं का सामना करना पड़ता है? क्या बेघरों के कल्याण के लिए कोई व्यवस्था है? जांच करें। 3. What are the typical life cycle vulnerabilities of a girl child in India? Discuss the schemes and programs meant for addressing those vulnerabilities. भारत में बालिकाओं की विशिष्ट जीवन चक्र कमजोरियां क्या हैं? उन कमजोरियों को दूर करने के लिए योजनाओं और कार्यक्रमों पर चर्चा करें। 4.India’s demographic profile and state of joblessness imparts severe vulnerabilities to the young population. Do you agree? Substantiate. भारत की जनसांख्यिकीय प्रोफ़ाइल और बेरोजगारी की स्थिति युवा आबादी के लिए गंभीर बाधाएं पैदा करती है। क्या आप सहमत हैं? पुष्टि करें। 5. What are your views on the draft scrapping policy for vehicles? What are its intended benefits? Discuss.  वाहनों के लिए स्क्रेप्पिंग नीति के मसौदे पर आपके विचार क्या हैं? इसके इच्छित लाभ क्या हैं? चर्चा करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm everyday. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each others answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Mar 25, 2021 IASbaba Prelims 60 Day Plan

IASbaba’s 60 Day Plan - IAS Prelims Test Series 2021 - HISTORY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT [Day 4]

Hello Friends,   [embed]https://https://www.youtube.com/embed/x5ldu2jV8N0[/embed] ARCHIVES OF 60 DAYS The 60 Days Training has finally begun:) The questions will be posted around 10 AM. The solution will be released around 7 PM Daily.  Before any competition, there is a preparatory phase. That phase involves a lot of sessions on strengths and weaknesses. Throughout the preparatory phase, the athletes train in a gradual manner. In the last phase, just before the actual competition, the training is done so as to sharpen their skills. This training requires complete focus and dedication. In this phase, the athletes do not try anything new or train in a new fashion rather focus on the sharpening of skills, focusing on strength and precision. Similarly, the upcoming 60 days, is like the last phase (training session), just before the actual competition. Here, the focus should be on sharpening the concepts, consolidating the knowledge base and solidifying the learning with loads and loads of revision. You will come across many distractions in between in the name of sources and resources (exclusive and inclusive), beware of them. Be alert and objective in selecting your companions in this preparation. Trust your effort and revise more than falling prey to multiple resources and doing nothing in the end. Everything that seems attractive is not productive. You should always go for productivity.  Let us pledge to make it a big game-changer (better than last year) in the next 60 days! Note- Download the OMR Sheet and attempt the questions exactly like UPSC Prelims. After you are done, please post your OMR in the comment section. Once the solution key is released (around 7 PM), cross-check the answers and, comment the marks (you scored) in the same comment thread. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come.  You can also take part in the discussion with peers.   HISTORY [DAY 4]-Click Here NOTE- Follow this for Comments Mention- Time Taken after solving the Test After the release of Solution, Edit your Comment to Mention-  Correct/Incorrect and Score 2 Marks for Correct/0.66 minus for Incorrect. What IMPACT can the ‘60 Day’ have on the final results? We will explain by taking a small example. Imagine you are sitting in the examination hall, appearing in Prelims Paper I. You have attempted 70 questions already but still unsure about a few. Then you stumble upon a question that was asked in 60 Day (and believe us, it has happened to hundreds of students countless times). You choose the right answer and submit your paper hoping for the best! Eventually, you go on to clear Mains as well as Personality Test and secure a good rank as well. When the cut off gets announced by UPSC, you realize that you have scored just one mark more than the cut off! Yes, that one mark can change your life (and it has done so to many of our students in the past). Now, imagine the kind of impact 60 to 80 marks can have! Isn’t that so fascinating to imagine?   One’s level of preparedness is always different for different subjects. Even within a subject, one’s comfort level may vary with topics. For example, one might be more comfortable in solving questions of Polity than Economics and within Polity also, one might be at ease with questions on fundamental rights than Parliament. The level of comfort and ease that one has with a subject/ topic gets manifested in the examination. However, there is no conscious effort by aspirants to micro analyze these aspects. Now, coming to the second aspect i.e. the mistakes that one commits in answering MCQs, it can be said that there are mainly four reasons behind incorrect responses in the OMR sheet. They are: Lack of information Lack of analytical ability Silly mistakes Excessive risk-taking Let’s analyze them one by one: Lack of information: You simply don’t know the information. You are clueless and that’s why you don’t attempt the question. For example, you may have never come across a regime called the ‘Wassenaar Agreement’ during your preparation and you can’t do much about it. The lack of information is pardonable and rectifiable. You can read more and gather more information. That is within your reach. Lack of analytical ability: You know the concept but the question is a twisted one and you are not able to apply the concept. For example, in a question asking you to identify the climate type of a region based on certain given parameters like precipitation, temperature, and air density, you might find it difficult to mark the correct option even if you are aware of all the options given in the question! That is clearly a lack of application and you can overcome it by developing a habit of framing questions in your mind while you study any topic. Silly mistakes: This habit is unpardonable. You know the concept, you become happy, you misread the question, you mark the incorrect answer and you are out of the race! Such mistakes reveal your hurriedness while answering the question. A simple mistake of reading ‘chose the incorrect option’ as ‘chose the correct option’ can destroy your chances. It means that you need to have patience and focus while attempting the paper. Excessive risk-taking: You are confused between the options and just in order to increase your attempts, you make wild guesses and try your luck only to repent eventually. Risk-taking is an art and one must be very careful while doing the guesswork in confusing questions. If you are not lucky enough, it can spoil your chances. You will realize that these problems will have different meanings for different people. For example, one might find a lack of information as the main culprit in answering wrong the questions on Culture while in Polity, lack of analytical ability is usually the culprit. The point here is that you must analyse your preparation on these yardsticks by applying them on different subjects/ topics. If one is having a headache, he/ she can’t have the same medicine for fever. Isn’t it. This is where our revamped '60 Day’ comes into the picture. It will give you an opportunity to micro analyze your preparation and perform better in the examination. Now, we present you the following scales (with weightage of each scale given in the bracket) to micro analyze your preparation on a daily basis and that too subject/ topic wise: Micro Analysis Matrix Number of questions not attempted or attempted wrongly Due to lack of information Due to the inability to apply the concept Due to silly mistake Due to excessive risk-taking Total Number (N) Weightage of scale (s) 1 2 3 4 NA N x S Scale 1: Information meter (1) Scale 2: Analysis meter (2) Scale 3: Anxiety meter (3) Scale 4: Risk meter (4) Suppose on Day 1, questions have been framed from Polity on the topic of Constitutional History. There are 15 questions and you are able to answer 12 out of which 7 are correct and 5 are incorrect. It means you have scored roughly 11.33 out of 30. Now you have to fill on a daily basis, the following matrix to micro analyze your preparation: Example: Suppose, the filled up matrix gets reflected in the following fashion: Micro Analysis Matrix- Day 1/ Polity/ Constitutional History Number of questions not attempted or attempted wrongly Due to lack of information Due to the inability to apply the concept Due to silly mistake Due to excessive risk-taking Total Number (N) 3 1 2 2 8 Weightage of scale (s) 1 2 3 4 NA N x S 3 2 6 8 19 Based on the total value in this matrix, you have to aim for the following measures on the scale: Information meter < 4 Course Correction: If you are scoring above 4, it means that there are serious gaps in your information base in the particular subject/ topic. Please refer to a standard textbook before it’s too late. Analysis meter < 4 Course Correction: If you are scoring above 4, you need to explore all possible questions in your mind while reading the topic. You should frame questions for your friends and try to trick them by twisting the questions. Anxiety meter < 3 Course Correction: A score above 3 indicates that you are either too excited or too callous to even read the question. You need to calm down and read the question twice, particularly those questions in which you feel too confident. Risk meter < 8 Course Correction: You need to curb your risk-taking instincts. Make an only intelligent guess and don’t leave your chance on fate. Don’t let the previous year’s cut off impact your mind. Total N x S score < 20 Moreover, IASbaba will give a cut-off figure along with the solutions each day. If your total marks exceed that cut off along with your total N x S score lying below 20, you are on the right track and just need to keep the momentum going. This exercise will hardly take 5 minutes of your daily time but it might do wonders for you as you will be able to gauge your strengths and limitations better. Finally, it is up to you to take advantage of this framework. We are sure of only one thing- if you follow this program, assess yourself on the basis of the given framework and keep improving your weaker areas, success will be yours. We are providing you with the right platform, the right guidance, and the right competition. Do you have the right motivation to make full use of this initiative? We think you have. Come, be a part of this initiative and take the first step towards SUCCESS! Importance of self - tracking: We could have provided all of you with login id and passwords to monitor your daily performance in the 60-day program. Instead, a simple and most beautiful way which Disqus provides is profile based commenting! Yes, we have seen the most successful candidates who have taken the maximum benefit from this program monitoring themselves by commenting on their answers in the box given (Disqus comment). And reviewing their performance themselves once in 10 days on the progress meter. DOWNLOAD THE 60 DAYS PLAN 2021   All the Best!IASbaba 

Mar 24, 2021 Motivational Articles

[MOTIVATION - UPSC Mains 2020] Life is full of HOPE - Keep your head held high!

Dear Students, From the first fall while learning to walk, the first game you lost, to the embarrassingly low score you got for the first time in a class test, all our lives we have experienced failures, and these have defined who we are and formed the blueprint for our successes. Don’t believe us? Just think about this for a minute: would you even be rejoicing your successes if you didn’t measure them against past failures? Failure indeed is the condiment that gives success its flavour! During a research experiment, a marine biologist placed a shark in a large holding tank and then released several small bait fishes into the tank. As you would expect, the shark quickly swam around the tank, ate the smaller fishes. The biologist then inserted a strong piece of clear fiberglass into the tank as a partition, creating two separate areas. She put the shark in one and put the bait in the other. Again, the shark quickly attacked. This time, however, it only slammed into the partition. Undeterred, it kept trying every few minutes but to no avail. Eventually, about an hour into the experiment, the shark gave up. This experiment was repeated dozens of times over the next few weeks. Progressively the shark got less aggressive and made fewer attempts to attack, and eventually got tired and simply stopped attacking. The biologist then removed the divider, but the shark didn’t attack. It had become conditioned to believe a barrier existed between it and the bait fishes, so the bait fishes swam wherever they wished, free from harm. Many of us, after experiencing setbacks and failures, emotionally give up and stop trying. Like the shark, we believe that because we were unsuccessful in the past we will always be so. In other words, we continue to see a barrier in our heads, even when no real barrier exists between where we are and where we want to go. Life is a race that is all about winning. But winning is not the only end-point. In life, we should understand no one has ever made great achievements on the very first day. In life, we should wait with patience, and just keep giving our best. Hard work pays, so we shouldn’t be disheartened by failures. Life is a long journey and you’re the one who is riding the bike on it. If we’re passing a rutted road it doesn’t mean we’ll never face a smooth path. Setbacks are but stepping stones to success. How many of us have succeeded in what we try in the first attempt? Not many. This proves success cannot be attained in one day. There are exceptions where success can be achieved easily. But when it comes to a competitive task or a tough task it takes a lot of patience and it needs many attempts to bring success to our side. Failure, Persistence, Success - The J.K.Rowling Story! The success story of J.K.Rowling, author of the Famous Harry Potter Series, is inspiring. Do you know that her first book in the series - "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" - was rejected 12 times by publishers over a period of seven years before it was published and became an international success? During this time she struggled to make a living and faced several hardships but never gave up hope. We hear such stories of people who became famous after repeated failure. In life what matters is our attitude. If we give up easily, we cannot taste the flavour of success. It takes a year for a tree to give tasty fruits. Similarly, it will take time for success. If we want to win in life we should not stop till we finally get what we are looking for.  Positive persistence is the key when it comes to overcoming setbacks and odds in life’s journey What will help us mark achievements is self-confidence. If we believe we can make wonders, we will. So we should believe in ourselves before expecting others to believe or support us. When life gives a thousand reasons to quit, just give yourself one more reason to fight back and to build your way to glory. The problem is that we give up after encountering failures. And we form an imaginary barrier of constant failure in front of us, which doesn’t let us step into the shoes that leads us to success. You’ll have to strive hard for it and make yourself believe you can do it — and the imagined mirror of problems will vanish. “At the end of the day, UPSC is not the end of the tunnel; it is just one of the tunnels that will lead you to the end. If not that, you have many more tunnels to take!” "Success is not final, failure is not fatal; it is the courage to continue that counts." As always, we are there with you in your journey as and when you need us. Don’t hesitate to write to us for any guidance or support. Also, keep following the initiatives on our platform and get enriched in terms of knowledge, depth, and experience to achieve great success. All the Best IASbaba Team

Mar 24, 2021 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 24th March 2021

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Jaapi, Xorai and Gamosa Part of: GS Prelims and GS – I - Culture In news Decorative jaapis (field hats), hand-woven gamosas and bell-metal xorais are making frequent appearances in Assam due to upcoming Assembly elections. Important value additions Jaapi: It is a conical hat made of bamboo and covered with dried tokou (a palm tree found in rainforests of Upper Assam) leaves. Today, the bulk of Assam’s jaapis are made by artisans based in a cluster of villages in Nalbari district. Gamosa: It has wide-ranging uses. It can be used at home as a towel (uka gamosa) or in public functions (phulam/floral gamosa) to felicitate dignitaries or celebrities. Xorai: It is made of bell-metal. It essentially is a tray with a stand at the bottom, with or without a cover. It can be found in every Assamese household. Sanctions imposed on China for Uighur abuse Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - International Relations In news The European Union, USA, Britain, and Canada imposed sanctions on Chinese officials and entities, for human rights abuses against Uighurs and other Muslim minorities in Xinjiang province. The sanctions from EU, UK and Canada include travel bans and freezing of assets. Key takeaways It is significant that the Western powers moved together. This is the first time the EU has imposed sanctions on China since an arms embargo after the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown. That embargo is still in place. EU sanctions show a hardening of stance against its largest trading partner. Also China has consistently denied all reports of atrocities against Uighurs, maintaining it is only “deradicalizing” elements of its population in the interests of security. Do you know? Xinjiang has a large number of Uighurs, Muslims of Turkic descent. Over the past few decades, more and more Han Chinese have settled in Xinjinag, which saw violent clashes between them and the Uighurs. China is now accused of putting over a million people in internment camps to “de-Muslimise” them and make them integrate better in the Communist country. Survivors and human rights organisations have alleged physical, psychological and sexual torture. People can be sent to the camps for showing any signs of “extremism” — sporting beards, fasting during Ramzan, dressing differently from the majority, sending Eid greetings, praying “too often” etc. Initiatives of National Health Mission (NHM) Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – Health ; Policies and interventions In news The Union Cabinet was apprised on the progress under National Health Mission (NHM) during FY 2019-20. Key takeaways NHM has envisaged new Initiatives in 2019-20: Social Awareness and Actions to Neutralize Pneumonia Successfully (SAANS): To accelerate action to reduce deaths due to childhood pneumonia. Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN): To provide assured, dignified, respectful and quality healthcare at no cost and zero tolerance for denial of services and all existing Schemes for maternal and neonatal health have been brought under one umbrella. Midwifery Services: To create a cadre of Nurse Practitioners in Midwifery who are skilled in accordance to competencies prescribed by the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) and are knowledgeable and capable of providing compassionate women-centered, reproductive, maternal and new-born health care services. School Health and Wellness Ambassadors: has been launched under the AB-HWCs Programme in partnership with Ministry of Education to promote health and well-being through an active lifestyle amongst school children. World Summit on Information Society Forum 2021 Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – International Relations In news Union Telecom Minister represented India at the World Summit on Information Society Forum 2021. Key takeaways Under the flagship program BharatNet, nearly 6,00,000 villages are being connected through laying of more than 4,00,000 Km length of optical fiber cable and use of satellite communication services. Through submarine cable networks small and remote islands of Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep and other inaccessible areas are being connected with funding from Government. Establishment of ITU Area office and Innovation Centre in India with involvement of SMEs, Academia and Startups in the region will go a long way in development of technologies, standards and solutions best suited for rural and remote areas of developing nations. Important value additions World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) Forum 2021 It represents one of the world's largest annual gathering of the ‘ICT for development’ community. Co-organized by: International Telecommunications Union (ITU), UNESCO, UNDP and UNCTAD. Ken Betwa Link Project Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II - Policies and interventions  In news Memorandum of Agreement between the Union Minister of Jal Shakti and the Chief Ministers of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh to implement the Ken Betwa Link Project took place recently It is the first project of the National Perspective Plan for interlinking of rivers Key takeaways This project involves transfer of water from the Ken to the Betwa River through the construction of Daudhan Dam and a canal linking the two rivers, the Lower Orr Project, Kotha Barrage and Bina Complex Multipurpose Project. It will provide annual irrigation of 10.62 lakh ha, drinking water supply to about 62 lakh people and also generate 103 MW of hydropower. The Project will benefit water starved region of Bundelkhand. RCE of Comprehensive Scheme for Strengthening of Transmission & Distribution in Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim  Part of: GS Prelims and  GS – II –  Policies and interventions In news The Union Cabinet has approved the Revised Cost Estimate (RCE) of Comprehensive Scheme for Strengthening of Transmission & Distribution in Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim at an estimated cost of Rs. 9129 crore. Key takeaways The scheme is being implemented through POWERGRID, a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under Ministry of Power in association with Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. The scheme was initially approved in December, 2014 as a Central Sector Plan Scheme. The entire cost of the scheme will be borne by the Central Government It is targeted to be commissioned in phased manner by December 2021. After commissioning, the created transmission and distribution system will be owned and maintained by the respective State Utilities. It is a major step towards economic development of Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim through strengthening of Intra - State Transmission and Distribution systems. (Mains Focus) ENVIRONMENT/ ECONOMY/ DEVELOPMENT Topic: GS-3: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation GS-3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development Ken-Betwa Interlinking Project Context: A memorandum of agreement was signed between Union Minister of Jal Shakti and the chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh to implement the Ken-Betwa Link Project (KBLP). Source: Indian Express What is the Ken Betwa Link Project? Interlinking of rivers: The Ken-Betwa Link Project is the first project under the National Perspective Plan for interlinking of rivers. Under this project, water from the Ken river will be transferred to the Betwa river. Both these rivers are tributaries of river Yamuna First Phase: The Ken-Betwa Link Project has two phases. Under Phase-I, one of the components — Daudhan dam complex and its appurtenances like Low Level Tunnel, High Level Tunnel, Ken-Betwa link canal and Power houses — will be completed. Second Phase: While in the Phase-II, three components — Lower Orr dam, Bina complex project and Kotha barrage — will be constructed. Estimated Cost: According to the Comprehensive Detailed Project Report, the cost of Ken-Betwa Link Project is estimated at Rs 35,111.24 crore at 2017-18 prices. Region Benefitted: The Ken-Betwa Link Project lies in Bundelkhand, a drought-prone region, which spreads across 13 districts of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. This project is going to immensely benefit this backward region and help bridge the regional imbalance. Panna Tiger Reserve Affected: Out of the 6,017 ha of forest area coming under submergence of Daudhan dam of Ken Betwa Link Project, 4,206 ha of area lies within the core tiger habitat of Panna Tiger Reserve Environmental Concerns: A report of the forest advisory committee said that an estimated 4.6 million trees will be cut down for the project which will adversely affect the rain in the already dry Bundelkhand region. Clearance Requirement: Generally, 4-5 types of clearances are required for the interlinking of river projects. These are: Techno-economic (given by the Central Water Commission) Forest Clearance and Environmental clearance (Ministry of Environment & Forests) Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) Plan of Tribal Population (Ministry of Tribal Affairs) Wildlife clearance (Central Empowered Committee) Benefits of Ken-Betwa Project The project is expected to provide Annual irrigation of 10.62 lakh hectares, Drinking water supply to about 62 lakh people Generate 103 mw of hydropower. It will pave the way for more interlinking of river projects to ensure that scarcity of water does not become an inhibitor for development in the country. Are there previous examples of river-linking in India? In the past, several river linking projects have been taken up. For instance, under the Periyar Project, transfer of water from Periyar basin to Vaigai basin was envisaged. It was commissioned in 1895. Similarly, other projects such as Parambikulam Aliyar, Kurnool Cudappah Canal, Telugu Ganga Project, and Ravi-Beas-Sutlej were undertaken Recent developments on interlinking of rivers in India In the 1970s, the idea of transferring surplus water from a river to water-deficit area was mooted by the then Union Irrigation Minister (earlier the Jal Shakti Ministry was known as Ministry of Irrigation) Dr K L Rao. Rao, who himself was an engineer, suggested construction of a National Water Grid for transferring water from water-rich areas to water-deficit areas. Similarly, Captain Dinshaw J Dastur proposed the Garland Canal to redistribute water from one area to another. However, the government did not pursue these two ideas further. It was in August, 1980 that the Ministry of Irrigation prepared a National Perspective Plan (NNP) for water resources development envisaging inter basin water transfer in the country. The NPP comprised two components: (i) Himalayan Rivers Development; and (ii) Peninsular Rivers Development. Based on the NPP, the National Water Development Agency (NWDA) identified 30 river links—16 under Peninsular component and 14 under Himalayan Component. Later, the river linking idea was revived under the then Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government. Ken Betwa Link Project is one of the 16 river linking projects under the Peninsular component. Connecting the dots Do you think river interlinking is the most suitable way forward for water management in India? Critically examine. (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note: Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers. Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1 Consider the following statements: Xorai is a conical hat made of bamboo and covered with dried tokou Jaapi is made of bell-metal. It essentially is a tray with a stand at the bottom, with or without a cover. Which of the above is or are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2 Uighurs, often seen in news, belong to which of the following Country?  Hong Kong Japan Turkey China Q.3 Consider the following statements regarding initiatives under National Health Mission: Social Awareness and Actions to Neutralize Pneumonia Successfully (SAANS) was launched to accelerate action to reduce deaths due to childhood pneumonia. Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) was launched to provide assured, dignified, respectful and quality healthcare at no cost and zero tolerance for denial of services. Which of the above is or are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 ANSWERS FOR 23rd March 2021 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 C 2 C 3 D Must Read On Supreme Court and Judicial Patriarchy: The Hindu On the surge of geopolitics in South Asia’s power trade: The Hindu On LAC disengagement:  The Hindu

Mar 24, 2021 TLP Mains Answer Writing

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1 – ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies Paper 2 Questions [24th March,2021] – Day 63

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome to IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 1- ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing – General Studies 2 Questions [24th March 2020] – Day 63 We will make sure, in the next 100 days not a single day is wasted and your mains preparation is solidified. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. We are giving 5 Mains Questions on a daily basis so that every student can actively participate and keep your preparation focused. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions!   1. Discuss the government’s key welfare schemes for the tribal population. What are the challenges in their implementation? Examine. जनजातीय आबादी के लिए सरकार की प्रमुख कल्याणकारी योजनाओं पर चर्चा करें। उनके कार्यान्वयन में क्या चुनौतियाँ हैं? जांच करें। 2. Do you think reservation in jobs and higher education has resulted in the socio-economic upliftment of backward classes? Critically examine. क्या आपको लगता है कि नौकरियों और उच्च शिक्षा में आरक्षण के परिणामस्वरूप पिछड़े वर्गों का सामाजिक-आर्थिक उत्थान हुआ है? समालोचनात्मक जांच करें। 3.What are the factors responsible for the prevalence of a lower sex ratio in some of India’s states? What recent measures have been taken to reverse this trend? Discuss. भारत के कुछ राज्यों में निम्न लिंगानुपात की व्यापकता के लिए कौन से कारक जिम्मेदार हैं? इस प्रवृत्ति को उलटने के लिए हाल ही में क्या उपाय किए गए हैं? चर्चा करें। 4. What are the issues with the trade and regulation of bitcoins in India? Do you agree with the proposal of criminalising bitcoin trade? भारत में बिटकॉइन के व्यापार और विनियमन के मुद्दे क्या हैं? क्या आप बिटकॉइन व्यापार के अपराधीकरण के प्रस्ताव से सहमत हैं? 5. How is unemployment measured in India? Discuss. What is the recent trend of unemployment in India’s informal sector? Examine. भारत में बेरोजगारी कैसे मापी जाती है? चर्चा करें। भारत के अनौपचारिक क्षेत्र में बेरोजगारी की हालिया प्रवृत्ति क्या रही है? जांच करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm everyday. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each others answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Mar 24, 2021 IASbaba Prelims 60 Day Plan

IASbaba’s 60 Day Plan - IAS Prelims Test Series 2021 - HISTORY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT [Day 3]

Hello Friends,   [embed]https:// [/embed] ARCHIVES OF 60 DAYS The 60 Days Training has finally begun:) The questions will be posted around 10 AM. The solution will be released around 7 PM Daily.  Before any competition, there is a preparatory phase. That phase involves a lot of sessions on strengths and weaknesses. Throughout the preparatory phase, the athletes train in a gradual manner. In the last phase, just before the actual competition, the training is done so as to sharpen their skills. This training requires complete focus and dedication. In this phase, the athletes do not try anything new or train in a new fashion rather focus on the sharpening of skills, focusing on strength and precision. Similarly, the upcoming 60 days, is like the last phase (training session), just before the actual competition. Here, the focus should be on sharpening the concepts, consolidating the knowledge base and solidifying the learning with loads and loads of revision. You will come across many distractions in between in the name of sources and resources (exclusive and inclusive), beware of them. Be alert and objective in selecting your companions in this preparation. Trust your effort and revise more than falling prey to multiple resources and doing nothing in the end. Everything that seems attractive is not productive. You should always go for productivity.  Let us pledge to make it a big game-changer (better than last year) in the next 60 days! Note- Download the OMR Sheet and attempt the questions exactly like UPSC Prelims. After you are done, please post your OMR in the comment section. Once the solution key is released (around 7 PM), cross-check the answers and, comment the marks (you scored) in the same comment thread. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come.  You can also take part in the discussion with peers.   HISTORY [DAY 3]-Click Here NOTE- Follow this for Comments Mention- Time Taken after solving the Test After the release of Solution, Edit your Comment to Mention-  Correct/Incorrect and Score 2 Marks for Correct/0.66 minus for Incorrect. What IMPACT can the ‘60 Day’ have on the final results? We will explain by taking a small example. Imagine you are sitting in the examination hall, appearing in Prelims Paper I. You have attempted 70 questions already but still unsure about a few. Then you stumble upon a question that was asked in 60 Day (and believe us, it has happened to hundreds of students countless times). You choose the right answer and submit your paper hoping for the best! Eventually, you go on to clear Mains as well as Personality Test and secure a good rank as well. When the cut off gets announced by UPSC, you realize that you have scored just one mark more than the cut off! Yes, that one mark can change your life (and it has done so to many of our students in the past). Now, imagine the kind of impact 60 to 80 marks can have! Isn’t that so fascinating to imagine?   One’s level of preparedness is always different for different subjects. Even within a subject, one’s comfort level may vary with topics. For example, one might be more comfortable in solving questions of Polity than Economics and within Polity also, one might be at ease with questions on fundamental rights than Parliament. The level of comfort and ease that one has with a subject/ topic gets manifested in the examination. However, there is no conscious effort by aspirants to micro analyze these aspects. Now, coming to the second aspect i.e. the mistakes that one commits in answering MCQs, it can be said that there are mainly four reasons behind incorrect responses in the OMR sheet. They are: Lack of information Lack of analytical ability Silly mistakes Excessive risk-taking Let’s analyze them one by one: Lack of information: You simply don’t know the information. You are clueless and that’s why you don’t attempt the question. For example, you may have never come across a regime called the ‘Wassenaar Agreement’ during your preparation and you can’t do much about it. The lack of information is pardonable and rectifiable. You can read more and gather more information. That is within your reach. Lack of analytical ability: You know the concept but the question is a twisted one and you are not able to apply the concept. For example, in a question asking you to identify the climate type of a region based on certain given parameters like precipitation, temperature, and air density, you might find it difficult to mark the correct option even if you are aware of all the options given in the question! That is clearly a lack of application and you can overcome it by developing a habit of framing questions in your mind while you study any topic. Silly mistakes: This habit is unpardonable. You know the concept, you become happy, you misread the question, you mark the incorrect answer and you are out of the race! Such mistakes reveal your hurriedness while answering the question. A simple mistake of reading ‘chose the incorrect option’ as ‘chose the correct option’ can destroy your chances. It means that you need to have patience and focus while attempting the paper. Excessive risk-taking: You are confused between the options and just in order to increase your attempts, you make wild guesses and try your luck only to repent eventually. Risk-taking is an art and one must be very careful while doing the guesswork in confusing questions. If you are not lucky enough, it can spoil your chances. You will realize that these problems will have different meanings for different people. For example, one might find a lack of information as the main culprit in answering wrong the questions on Culture while in Polity, lack of analytical ability is usually the culprit. The point here is that you must analyse your preparation on these yardsticks by applying them on different subjects/ topics. If one is having a headache, he/ she can’t have the same medicine for fever. Isn’t it. This is where our revamped '60 Day’ comes into the picture. It will give you an opportunity to micro analyze your preparation and perform better in the examination. Now, we present you the following scales (with weightage of each scale given in the bracket) to micro analyze your preparation on a daily basis and that too subject/ topic wise: Micro Analysis Matrix Number of questions not attempted or attempted wrongly Due to lack of information Due to the inability to apply the concept Due to silly mistake Due to excessive risk-taking Total Number (N) Weightage of scale (s) 1 2 3 4 NA N x S Scale 1: Information meter (1) Scale 2: Analysis meter (2) Scale 3: Anxiety meter (3) Scale 4: Risk meter (4) Suppose on Day 1, questions have been framed from Polity on the topic of Constitutional History. There are 15 questions and you are able to answer 12 out of which 7 are correct and 5 are incorrect. It means you have scored roughly 11.33 out of 30. Now you have to fill on a daily basis, the following matrix to micro analyze your preparation: Example: Suppose, the filled up matrix gets reflected in the following fashion: Micro Analysis Matrix- Day 1/ Polity/ Constitutional History Number of questions not attempted or attempted wrongly Due to lack of information Due to the inability to apply the concept Due to silly mistake Due to excessive risk-taking Total Number (N) 3 1 2 2 8 Weightage of scale (s) 1 2 3 4 NA N x S 3 2 6 8 19 Based on the total value in this matrix, you have to aim for the following measures on the scale: Information meter < 4 Course Correction: If you are scoring above 4, it means that there are serious gaps in your information base in the particular subject/ topic. Please refer to a standard textbook before it’s too late. Analysis meter < 4 Course Correction: If you are scoring above 4, you need to explore all possible questions in your mind while reading the topic. You should frame questions for your friends and try to trick them by twisting the questions. Anxiety meter < 3 Course Correction: A score above 3 indicates that you are either too excited or too callous to even read the question. You need to calm down and read the question twice, particularly those questions in which you feel too confident. Risk meter < 8 Course Correction: You need to curb your risk-taking instincts. Make an only intelligent guess and don’t leave your chance on fate. Don’t let the previous year’s cut off impact your mind. Total N x S score < 20 Moreover, IASbaba will give a cut-off figure along with the solutions each day. If your total marks exceed that cut off along with your total N x S score lying below 20, you are on the right track and just need to keep the momentum going. This exercise will hardly take 5 minutes of your daily time but it might do wonders for you as you will be able to gauge your strengths and limitations better. Finally, it is up to you to take advantage of this framework. We are sure of only one thing- if you follow this program, assess yourself on the basis of the given framework and keep improving your weaker areas, success will be yours. We are providing you with the right platform, the right guidance, and the right competition. Do you have the right motivation to make full use of this initiative? We think you have. Come, be a part of this initiative and take the first step towards SUCCESS! Importance of self - tracking: We could have provided all of you with login id and passwords to monitor your daily performance in the 60-day program. Instead, a simple and most beautiful way which Disqus provides is profile based commenting! Yes, we have seen the most successful candidates who have taken the maximum benefit from this program monitoring themselves by commenting on their answers in the box given (Disqus comment). And reviewing their performance themselves once in 10 days on the progress meter. DOWNLOAD THE 60 DAYS PLAN 2021  All the Best!IASbaba 

Mar 24, 2021 Important Articles

UPSC/IAS Prelims 2021: Last Date for Application (24th April)

Dear Students Today (24th March 2021) is the last date to apply for UPSC Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2021, and Indian Forest Service (Preliminary) Examination, 2021. Please apply if you haven't applied yet. Remind your friends regarding the same. To Apply for Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2021 - CLICK HERE To Apply for Indian Forest Service (Preliminary) Examination, 2021 through CS(P) Examination 2021 - CLICK HERE  

Mar 23, 2021 Important Articles

RESULT: UPSC/IAS Civil Services Examination, MAINS 2020 Result Declared!

The result of UPSC Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2020 has been announced. Kindly check it here Download the MAINS RESULT PDF - CLICK HERE We are all part of a cycle, isn’t it? Some escape it in time, few are stuck for a while and the remaining are forced to leave as time goes by. How does it matter though in life? You know we are talking about the UPSC cycle, the all prestigious and coveted Civil Services Examination. As you know the 2nd stage of the UPSC cycle i.e. the Mains Examination got over a few months back and today the results have been announced, it gives us some food for thought, a moment to contemplate on the many journeys that we have taken and are going to take in the future. Let us start by congratulating those who made it. You are already amongst the top 2-3% of the population. Many congratulations to you! Your hard work has paid off. But a critical, perhaps the most important step remains. You have to cross the hurdle of the personality test. In terms of numbers, the competition is less but it is intense. The brightest have made it this far and you are one of them. Expect the fight to be tough. Isn’t that strange? Each time you work your heart out and expect a breather, something more formidable and challenging come in your way. But then, this is what life is. Accept it, embrace it and get ready to march on. You have got a golden opportunity to exit the arduous and tiresome cycle of UPSC with flying colours. Please make the most of it. Keep watching this space for updates regarding our Interview Mentorship Programme (IMP). Let us assure you that you will get the best training and mentorship from IASbaba to crack the code of Personality Test. Now let us talk to those who couldn’t make it this time. You worked hard, you expected your name in the list of successful candidates but then you were shocked to realise that you couldn’t make it. It is unfair, isn’t it? After all, you dedicated your time and effort, sacrificed your family life and company of dear friends, and preferred the painful solitude that UPSC demands. What else yo could have done? Is this your fault really? Let us put that in perspective for you. First, please understand that no making it to the next level doesn’t mean that you don’t have what it takes to crack this exam. The very nature of the selection process that has a success rate of less than 0.5% means that many deserving candidates have to miss out eventually. Although it is hard to believe but the UPSC selection process does have an element of luck associated with it. If it is your day and you have all the bases covered, there are chances that you will come out good. However, if there is the slightest divergence between what you have prepared and what UPSC expects, it becomes difficult to cross the line. Therefore, many a time, success in the UPSC cycle also boils down to the virtue of patience. We can’t help it. But let us also understand the second perspective. Please don’t ignore the possibility that your preparation was off the mark or inadequate. There are chances that you were preparing alone or at best with a group of 3-4 friends. Sometimes it is natural to grow a false sense of satisfaction about the way you are approaching the examination. In this process, glaring mistakes and inadequacies are often ignored by aspirants. We say with a conviction that is backed by years of experience gathered while guiding thousands of aspirants for the Civil Services. Therefore, we urge you to introspect and if possible get honest feedback from your peers, seniors, and teachers to understand your areas of weakness. Then work hard on them to have a well-rounded preparation. We have full faith in your potential. As always, we are there with you in your journey as and when you need us. Don’t hesitate to write to us for any guidance or support. Also, keep following the initiatives on our platform and get enriched in terms of knowledge, depth, and experience to achieve great success. If we could use a metaphor, then existing the cycle of UPSC is akin to attaining Moksha. The very realisation that UPSC is not the only way to succeed in life will help you in the process. While you have to be sincere in your efforts, don’t make it a matter of pride or honour. At the end of the day, it is after all an ‘exam’ that selects people for a ‘job’. The interview is a vital part of the final process, to make sure that you succeed – IASbaba has come out with an exclusive Interview Mentorship Programme. We will be holding Workshops and Mock Interviews at Bengaluru and Delhi to imbibe or impart you with all the necessary skills and approaches necessary for managing the PT in Theatre like scenario. We will dissect your DAF to multiple corollaries and stitch together again to give you a better understanding of YOURSELF. Further, we will be holding Mock Interviews in UPSC Simulation mode. Our Panelists hail from diverse fields and it can bring sweet surprises to many of you. Those of you who are selected to appear for the Interview/PT, please register here for the Interview Mentorship Programmme (IMP) - CLICK HERE All the Best IASbaba Team