Apr 8, 2020 RSTV Video

Women Rights in Ancestral Property – Aapka Kanoon – RSTV IAS UPSC

Women Rights in Ancestral Property Archives TOPIC: General Studies 2 Judiciary; Laws in the country For years, women in India have been discriminated against and denied the right to ancestral property due to various reasons. One, there is no uniformity in inheritance laws, with various religious communities governed by their own personal laws and different state tribals by their customary laws. Most of these laws discouraged passing on property, agricultural or otherwise, to women for fear of fragmentation of land holding or losing it once the woman got married. There is low awareness and literacy among women about their own rights and, understandably, they have shown little inclination to contest in courts.  Strong patriarchal traditions have translated into fear of violence and threat of violation by their male relatives, preventing women from fighting for their inheritance rights. In fact, in several northern and western states, women give up their claim over ancestral property due to the custom of ‘haq tyag’ or voluntary renunciation of rights. This is justified on the grounds that as the father pays dowry and finances the daughter’s wedding, only sons should get the family property. Till as late as the formulation of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, the law was blatantly biased against women. It was only after the amendment in the Hindu Succession Act in 2005, whereby equal rights were awarded to daughters in their fathers’ ancestral property, that it became more balanced. The Constraints Ironically, however, the inheritance laws that are supposed to empower women have also had a contrarian impact, according to a 2018 study conducted by King’s College London, New York University and the University of Essex. The report states that awarding inheritance rights to women between 1970 and 1990 led to increased female foeticide and higher female infant mortality rates, a finding supported by the Economic Survey 2017-18. This is because some people consider girls to be a liability since he works on the land and creates wealth, while looking after the parents in their old age. Inheritance Rights of a Woman Under Hindu Law Hindu law permits women to inherit property and gives them equal rights in inheriting property. Before 2005, Hindu women did not have the right to inherit property. In 2005, the Parliament passed the Hindu Succession Amendment Act, which gave women equal rights to inherit property. Hindu women can inherit all types of property: Movable property – Like, jewellery, cash, household items (like furniture, appliances, kitchen items), etc. Immovable property – Like, land, apartments, etc. There are two ways in which a Hindu woman can inherit property: If someone leaves you property through a Will – called inheritance through Will If there is no Will, then according to the rules of the Hindu Succession Act  – called inheritance through succession. Through Will A Will is a document by which one can decide how to pass on all their property (both movable and immovable) after their death. They can choose who they want to give the property to and how they want to divide their property (if they want to give it to multiple people). A person making a Will can choose to leave their property to whomever they wish - it need not necessarily be to a family member or a legal heir. If someone has left property to you in their will, after that person’s death, you will automatically inherit that property. Usually, there will be an administrator/executor for the will. The administrator/executor will take care of passing on the property according to what is given in the will. Inheritance Through Succession When there is no will, the property will pass on through succession according to the inheritance rules of the Hindu Succession Act. Succession rules are different for the property of males and property of females. Succession to the Property of a Deceased Hindu Male: If a Hindu male dies without leaving a will, his property will get equally divided between his Class I heirs. Class I heirs of a Hindu male are: Mother Widow Daughter(s) Son(s) Points to be noted: Daughters have the same rights to inherit their father’s property as the son. They will inherit equally, and not lesser than the son. A daughter’s right to inherit from her father will not change whether she is married, unmarried, divorced, or widowed. The marital status does not matter. A mother’s right to inherit from her son will also not change based on whether she is widowed, divorced, or remarried. Daughters have the same rights to inherit their mother’s property as the son. They will inherit equally, and not lesser than the son. The rights of a widow to acquire property are the same as the rights of a married woman to acquire property. If you are separated from your husband (but not divorced), your rights to acquire property are the same as the rights of a married woman to acquire property If you are divorced from your husband, you will not be a Class I heir of your husband. However, you can still claim your due share in your husband’s property through alimony. Your rights to inherit property as a daughter and mother will remain the same. Connecting the Dots: Gender neutral inheritance laws are the need of the hour. Comment.

Apr 8, 2020 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 8th April 2020

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 8th April 2020 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) India lifts ban on export of hydroxychloroquine Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Health  In News: Indian government has ended its earlier ban on exporting of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Key takeaways: India would licence paracetamol and HCQ in appropriate quantities to all the neighbouring countries which are dependent on India's capabilities.  These essential drugs shall also be supplied to nations which are badly affected by the pandemic.  Previously HCQ was placed on a restricted items list, and its export was completely banned in the first week of April. U.S. President Donald Trump had warned India of retaliation from U.S. if it withheld supplies of HCQ.  Important value additions: Hydroxychloroquine It is an anti-malarial drug. It is now being used by many countries as a possible line of treatment for COVID-19. It works by diminishing immune system's response to viral infections.  These dosages are also linked to instances of cardiac arrhythmia (Improper beating of the heart) and liver damage.  A study in France showed that hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with Azithromycin appeared to reduce virus levels quicker.  Why Hydroxychloroquine was completely banned? India imports Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) from China for the manufacture of drugs at cheaper costs. The supply of APIs got affected due to COVID-19 outbreak in China. To ensure that India’s doesn’t fall short of supply for its own citizens, the drug was banned from exporting. For further information, refer to this link: Drug Secutity nCoVSENSEs: Rapid Test device by Pune based Startup  Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Health  In News: Module innovations, a Pune based healthcare start up, is developing a testing kit device to detect COVID-19. The project is funded by Department of Science and Technology.  Key takeaways: The kit is named nCoVSENSEs  It is a rapid test device, it can detect COVID-19 in 10-15mins It detects the antibodies that have been formed against COVID-19 in the human body  Antibodies (IgG and IgM) are formed against any infection in the human body. The device is more efficient and less costly.  The test is also targeted against the Spike proteins making it specific for COVID 19. Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 8th April 2020 Magnified image of coronavirus Image source: Click here  Telecom Disputes Settlement and  Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) : Tenure of chairperson extended  Part of: GS Prelims and GS - II & GS – III – Governance and Economy and related issues In News: The Supreme Court has extended the tenure of chairperson of Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) by three months  The tenure was supposed to end by this month. Important value additions: Mandate: To adjudicate disputes and dispose of appeals with a view to protect the interests of service providers and consumers of the telecom sector. Created under: The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997. The headquarter is in New Delhi. It was established in 2000.  The TDSAT consists of a Chairperson and two Members.  Third mass bleaching of Great Barrier Reef recorded  Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III – Conservation; Environment  In News: Australia's Great Barrier Reef has suffered its most widespread coral bleaching on record. Record sea temperatures caused the third mass bleaching of the 2,300-kilometre reef system in just five years. Key takeaways: For the first time, severe bleaching has struck all three regions of the Great Barrier Reef -- the northern, central and now large parts of the southern sectors. The damage came as February brought the highest monthly sea temperatures on the Great Barrier Reef since Australia began keeping records in 1900.  Important value additions: Bleaching  Bleaching occurs when healthy corals become stressed by changes in ocean temperatures, causing them to expel algae living in their tissues which drains them of their vibrant colours. Bleaching was first seen on the reef in 1998 -- at the time, the hottest year on record -- but as temperature records continue to tumble its frequency has increased, giving coral less time to recover.  Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 8th April 2020 Image source: Click here  Miscellaneous  World Health Day The World health day 2020 was celebrated recently with the theme of supporting nurses and midwives. The World Health Day is a global health awareness day celebrated every year on 7 April, under the sponsorship of the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO chose the year 2020 as the "Year of the Nurse and Midwife" because of the contribution made by nurses and midwives in making the world a healthier place.  (MAINS FOCUS) ECONOMY Topic: General Studies 2: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.  COVID-19: Government should unveil larger stimulus package Indian Union government had announced the financial package of 1.7 lakh crores. However, there were criticism that the relief measures were repackaging of existing schemes and largely insufficient. Also, the present investment regime in India is ineffective in dealing with economic consequences of the COVID-19 crisis Do You Know? The US announced a $2.2 trillion stimulus on a $20 trillion GDP base Malaysia has mobilised close to 18% of its GDP Japan has announced nearly $1 trillion stimulus package What is the present investment regime in Indian economy?  Due to previous policies the entire structure has been made pro-foreign investor Rather than to incentivise new capital building by resident entrepreneurs it makes it difficult to proceed  Three examples which reflect this are: The 2020 finance bill amendment (DDT related change) has resulted in the following scenario of effective tax rates to entrepreneurs –  48.52% (for less than Rs. 15 lakh income) to 59.41% (for more than Rs 5 crore income)  But for foreigners this rate is capped at 40% and, in fact, comes down to 25.17%  for a rich wealth fund Infrastructure: The exceptions in section 80M results in an effective tax rate between 67.9% -71.2% - terrible for special purpose vehicles and subsidiaries created for infrastructure assets  Real Estate Sector: Section 43CA states that sales of less than 10% of the circle rate price will be dealt with punitive consequences. This will constrain developers from selling their flats at a discount  Consequences of such lopsided investment regime Brain Drain: Indian entrepreneurs will start looking for greener pastures outside India due to lopsided taxation structure  Slows down the creation of infrastructure assets that are critical for nation building. Construction sector which was facing the issue of unsold inventory will be further burdened. Economic Recovery post the crisis will be difficult Some of the suggestions to fight COVID-19 pandemic are:  Government needs to handhold economy by creating a stimulus of 10% of our GDP Interest rates need to be reduced at least 200 basis points from current levels, with additional measures to ensure that banks lend.  Government should ensure that all workers are paid Rs 5,000-6,000 per month by their employers during the lockdown period Support to Enterprises: Those employers who support their employees need to be supported and compensated through measures like tax rebates. State governments should receive their fund allocations so that they do not create a credit crunch.  Stimulate spending at an individual level,  Personal income tax rates for the  Rs 20 lakh slab & above need to be reduced All GST rates need to be reduced by 50%.  All cesses and surcharges need to be eliminated for individual and corporate taxes.  An interest-free EMI plan needs to be created for purchase of auto, domestic holidays, domestically assembled consumer goods and real estate New deal for Indian entrepreneurs  Ease of starting up and accessing financial resources Making the structure pro-domestic investor: The effective tax rate in the hands of residents be brought down- 48.52% tax needs to be reduced to 25% and 59.41% tax to 35%.  Measures in financial bill that disincentivises Construction sector should be addressed Source of the article: Economic Times Connecting the dots: Impact of COVID-19 crisis on foreign investment (FDI & FPI) Helicopter Money SOCIETY/ GOVERNANCE Topic: General Studies 1 & 2: Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues  Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and State COVID-19 and Domestic Violence The lockdown imposed by authorities in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic has imposed stricter control on one’s mobility and put women in abusive relationships at extremely high risk of damage from physical, sexual and emotional abuse. Do You Know? 67% of the world’s healthcare workers are women and thus are naturally more prone to infection.  Women are burdened with three times more unpaid care work than men, which increases during lockdown Global scenario of Women Violence  Globally, violence against women affects one in three women.  Of all female murders, an overwhelming 82 per cent happen in their marital homes, and are committed by an intimate partner or a family member. Women violence in India – findings by the National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-16) 30% women in India in the age group of 15-49 have experienced physical violence since the age of 15 About 31 per cent of married women have experienced physical, sexual or emotional violence by their spouses. 6 per cent women in the age group 15-49 years have experienced sexual violence at least once in their lifetime Consequences of lockdown (in the wake of COVID-19) on Women Violence Increases the vulnerability to sexual violence Data from west African countries in the wake of the 2014 Ebola outbreak showed that there was a steady increase in rape, sexual assault and violence against women and girls.  Sexual violence increased in these regions by 40per cent over a period of one year Increases domestic violence on women: In the province of Hubei in Wuhan, China, which is the heart of the first outbreak of the Coronavirus, domestic violence reports to police tripled during the February lockdown period In Brazil state-run shelters are estimating 40-50 per cent rise in demands from endangered women. European countries have reported 20-30 per cent increases in calls to domestic violence helplines Impact of lockdown on domestic violence in India National Commission of Women has recorded 291 complaints of domestic violence in March  Closure of Counselling Centres: Under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (PWDVA), it is these centres and not the police who are first responder for women who experience domestic violence. Non-functional NGOs: The hotlines run by NGOs (whom women report such cases) are silent – attributed probably to continuous presence of the abuser at home  Given the above situation there is now a lack of alternative alert system for women abuse Way Forward The state governments need to declare helplines as “essential services” that should remain open during lockdowns Disseminate information about gender-based violence and publicise resources and services available. Increase resourcing for NGOs that respond to domestic violence and aid — including shelter, counselling, and legal aid — to survivors. Encourage the equitable sharing of domestic tasks at home. Provide for the continued provision of healthcare services based on medical research and tests — unrelated to the virus — for women and girls Ensure women’s timely access to necessary and comprehensive sexual & reproductive health services during the crisis, such as maternal health services, safe abortion etc. Examples from other Countries worth emulating French government will pay for up to 20,000 hotel nights for survivors and finance pop-up counselling centres at grocery stores for easy access to abuse survivors.  In Spain, women are being given codewords such as “Mask-19” in pharmacy stores, which can act as an alarm-response mediator. Connecting the dots: Gender wage gap post the crisis Intersectional Feminism (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note:  Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers.  Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1 Consider the following statements regarding Hydroxychloroquine: It is an anti-malarial drug.  It may cause liver damage.  Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2 Consider the following statements: nCoVSENSEs is a rapid test device approved by Department of Science & Technology.  The device is costlier than RT-PCR Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.3 Consider the following Statements regarding Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal: It adjudicates disputes and disposes off appeals related to telecom sector. Its headquarter is in Mumbai.  Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.4 The Great Barrier Reef is located in which of the following countries?  Japan  Australia  United States  India ANSWERS FOR 7th April 2020 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 B 2 C 3 C 4 A 5 A Must Read An article by Amartya Sen on overcoming pandemic: The Indian Express About impact of COVID-19 and US sanctions on Iran : The Hindu About Rajasthan’s model of fighting COVID-19:  The Hindu

Apr 8, 2020 Important Articles

Quick Update: Mohan Sir Live on YouTube today @ 7.30 pm

Quick Update: Mohan Sir Live on YouTube today @ 7.30 pm   YouTube Link  – JOIN NOW !! -> https://youtu.be/51CViDR15NA   How to make the best use of this Session? -> CLICK HERE  

Apr 8, 2020 60 DAYS PROGRAMME-PRELIMS 2020

IASbaba’s 60 Day Plan [Day - 33]- IAS Prelims Test Series 2020 Economics & CURRENT AFFAIRS

ARCHIVES OF 60 DAY PLAN YouTube Link  – JOIN NOW !! -> https://youtu.be/51CViDR15NA Dear Students, The 60 Days Training has finally begun:) DAY 33 is here! It is time to Introspect, Ideate and Improve!! We have come-up with articles to instil confidence, motivate you in the present situation. Do read these articles. Mark the words/lines in your dairy. These very lines can be the driving force’ in the time of uncertainty. [STRATEGY] MUST READ: 21 Days of Lockdown-What to do? Introspect, Ideate and Improve !! MUST READ: PRELIMS in Testing Times – Don’t Forget the ‘WHY’; IASbaba’s dedicated HOTLINE for Aspirants and Prelims Postponing Rumours Coronavirus[VIDEO]: Awareness, Myths, Solidarity and Message to All UPSC Aspirants by Mohan Sir Founder IASbaba   To ensure that your preparation goes smoothly and keeping up with our promise, we have come up with a Dedicated HOTLINE (Communication channel) - Connect with BABA for all UPSC/IAS Aspirants. From today, you will be able to speak with the Founders and Core Team of IASbaba on telephone regarding ‘any queries’ related to UPSC preparation in general or Subject-specific doubts. This Hotline, will be in addition to the 'ASK YOUR BABA' (#ASKBABA) thread opened on a daily basis for our 60 Day plan. We will try to make sure that with so much going around these days, you have at least one less thing to worry about.   How to make use of HOTLINE and ASK YOUR BABA (#ASKBABA)? There are 2 initiatives which will be running parallely. 1. HOTLINE - Connect with BABA (5pm - 7pm) The communication channel will be open ONLY for 2 hours Daily (except on Sundays - holiday) from 5pm to 7 pm. Please do not make calls before or after the specified time. As we will be occupied with other daily initiatives running on the website and mentorship. Hope you understand our time constraints. Please note that, call facilities are mainly for queries related to preparation per se like strategies, difficulties in reading a subject, what to read, what not to read, how to manage time, revision, motivation etc. You can call on the numbers given below. For any queries related to - UPSC Preparation (Prelims, Mains, Interview) Strategy & Current Affairs – contact 9986190082 Environment & Science and Technology – contact 9986193016 Polity & Economics – contact 9899291288 Geography & History – contact 9591106864 We have separated General Strategy (Preparation per se – Pre, Mains, Interview) and Current Affairs from other subjects. You can make use of the HOTLINE, as per your needs.   2. ASK YOUR BABA (#ASKBABA) - clear your doubts on the 60 Day Platform (Online from 11 am - 10 pm) Use the disqus comment section of that particular day (60 Day post - For Ex: Today is Day 25) to clear all your subject specific doubts of the day. You can post your queries/doubts with #ASKBABA !! Here, doubts related to the 60 day questions or conceptual clarity in a particular subject can be asked. Your doubts will be cleared on real-time basis (or max within hour it will be answered from the subject experts) If you are genuinely finding difficulty interms of preparing with that particular subject, then you can use 5pm-7pm window to make calls. If you are not able to speak to IASbaba's Team, then you can still post your doubts/queries in the same post of the 60 day initiative. As mentioned above, your doubts will be cleared on real-time basis (or max within hour it will be answered from the subject experts). Make the best use of the communication channel (Ask Your Baba/comment section on daily 60 Day post and calls) provided. We will make sure that, all your queries will be answered to. So we have  tried our bit, to ensure your preparation goes smoothly, you can do your bit by keeping in touch with us via phone/ website to keep yourself going, keep yourself engaged and staying positive during the rough times.   How to make the maximum use of this HOTLINE and #ASKBABA (Disqus comment of 60 Day Plan) on Daily basis? Now, that I have solved 30 mcq’s, what to do next?  How to Analyse my Performance? For Answers to the above Questions  ->CONNECT WITH BABA: IASbaba’s Dedicated HOTLINE for UPSC/IAS Aspirants !!   Note- Download the OMR Sheet and attempt the questions exactly like UPSC Prelims. After you are done, please post your OMR in the comment section. Once the solution key is released (5 PM), cross-check the answers and again, comment the marks (you got) in the same comment thread. This will keep you responsible and sincere in days to come. Also, we need more sets of scores for releasing the cut offs in the night so, requesting all of you to sincerely put your scores in comment section.    You can also take part in discussion with peers.   Q.1) Financial Stability and Development Council is chaired by Finance Minister RBI governor Finance Secretary Prime Minister Q.1) वित्तीय स्थिरता और विकास परिषद की अध्यक्षता कौन करता है वित्त मंत्री आरबीआई गवर्नर वित्त सचिव प्रधान मंत्री Q.2) Consider the following statements regarding India’s tax collection The share of Personal Income tax has steadily increased for the last five years. The share of Corporate Tax is higher than the share of Goods and Services Tax for the year 2019-20. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) भारत के कर संग्रह के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें व्यक्तिगत आयकर का हिस्सा पिछले पांच वर्षों से लगातार बढ़ा है। निगम कर का हिस्सा वर्ष 2019-20 के लिए वस्तु एवं सेवा कर की हिस्सेदारी से अधिक है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.3) Money raised through the small saving schemes, provident fund schemes are held in Consolidated Fund of India Public Accounts of India Contingency fund of India Consolidated Fund or respective states Q.3) छोटी बचत योजनाओं, भविष्य निधि योजनाओं के माध्यम से संचित धन कहाँ रखा जाता है भारतीय समेकित कोष भारतीय सार्वजानिक खाते  भारतीय आकस्मिकता निधि संबंधित राज्य के समेकित निधि  Q.4) Which of the following are considered as Non-Tax Revenue receipts of the Government Receipts due to disposal of permanent assets Profit from the circulation of currency and coins. Dividends from the shares held by governments in private enterprises. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only All of the above Q.4) निम्नलिखित में से किसे सरकार के गैर-कर राजस्व प्राप्तियों (Non-Tax Revenue receipts) के रूप में माना जाता है स्थायी संपत्ति के निपटान के कारण प्राप्तियां मुद्रा और सिक्कों के प्रचलन से लाभ। निजी उद्यमों में सरकारों द्वारा रखे गए शेयरों से लाभांश। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1 और 3 केवल 2 और 3  उपरोक्त सभी Q.5) Expenditures that create permanent assets and yield periodical income are called Revenue Expenditure Asset Expenditure Capital Expenditure Primary Expenditure Q.5) स्थायी संपत्ति बनाने तथा समय-समय पर आय अर्जित करने वाले व्यय को कहा जाता है राजस्व व्यय परिसंपत्ति व्यय पूंजीगत व्यय प्राथमिक व्यय Q.6) The term Fiscal deficit refers to Difference between the government's total receipts, excluding borrowing, and total expenditure. Difference between the revenue receipts and the revenue expenditure. Difference between the government’s total income and expenditure after excluding interest earnings and payments. None of the above Q.6) राजकोषीय घाटे (Fiscal deficit) को संदर्भित करता है उधार को छोड़कर, सरकार की कुल प्राप्तियों और कुल व्यय के बीच अंतर। राजस्व प्राप्तियों और राजस्व व्यय के बीच अंतर। ब्याज आय और भुगतान को छोड़कर सरकार की कुल आय और व्यय के बीच अंतर। इनमें से कोई भी नहीं Q.7) Consider the following statements Tax Buoyancy refers to the responsiveness of tax revenue growth to changes in GDP. Tax elasticity refers to changes in tax revenue in response to changes in the tax rate. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.7) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें कर प्लवनशीलता (Tax Buoyancy) जीडीपी में परिवर्तन के लिए कर राजस्व वृद्धि की जवाबदेही को संदर्भित करता है। कर लोचशीलता (Tax elasticity) में कर दर में परिवर्तन के प्रतिउत्तर में कर राजस्व में परिवर्तन को संदर्भित करता है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.8) Goods and Services Tax (GST) is applicable on which of the following? Services by an employee to the employer in relation to his employment. Services by a builder in the construction of a new building. Flavoured milk available in milk booths and grocery shops. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only All of the above Q.8) वस्तु एवं सेवा कर (GST) निम्नलिखित में से किस पर लागू होता है? एक कर्मचारी द्वारा नियोक्ता को उसके रोजगार के संबंध में सेवाएं। एक नए भवन के निर्माण में एक बिल्डर द्वारा सेवाएं। दूध बूथों और किराने की दुकानों में उपलब्ध स्वादिष्ट दूध (flavoured milk)। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1 और 3 केवल 2 और 3  उपरोक्त सभी Q.9) Consider the following statements regarding Disinvestment Proceeds are maintained separately in the National Investment Fund. Transfer of the ownership and control to the private sector is known as Strategic Disinvestment. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.9) विनिवेश (Disinvestment) के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें कार्यवाही राष्ट्रीय निवेश कोष में अलग से की जाती है। निजी क्षेत्र को स्वामित्व और नियंत्रण का हस्तांतरण रणनीतिक विनिवेश के रूप में जाना जाता है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.10) Which of the following statements are recommendations of the FRBM Act review committee? Formation of Fiscal Council to advise the government. Public debt to GDP ratio to be considered as a medium-term anchor for fiscal policy. Debt management and fiscal responsibility Act to replace the FRBM act. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only All of the above Q.10) निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन, एफआरबीएम अधिनियम समीक्षा समिति की सिफारिशें हैं? सरकार को सलाह देने के लिए राजकोषीय परिषद का गठन। राजकोषीय नीति के लिए सार्वजनिक ऋण से जीडीपी अनुपात (Public debt to GDP ratio) को एक मध्यम अवधि के उद्घोषक के रूप में माना जाता है। एफआरबीएम अधिनियम को ऋण प्रबंधन और राजकोषीय उत्तरदायित्व अधिनियम से प्रतिस्थापित किया जाए। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1 और 3 केवल 2 और 3  उपरोक्त सभी Q.11) Consider the following statements regarding Advance pricing Agreement It is a Prospective agreement between a taxpayer and a tax authority. It is used for determining the transfer pricing methodology and liabilities in case of taxpayers’ international transactions to avoid future disputes. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.11) अग्रिम मूल्य समझौता (Advance pricing Agreement) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें यह एक करदाता और कर प्राधिकरण के बीच एक संभावित समझौता है। इसका उपयोग भविष्य के विवादों से बचने के लिए करदाताओं के अंतरराष्ट्रीय लेनदेन के मामले में हस्तांतरण मूल्य निर्धारण पद्धति और देनदारियों के निर्धारण के लिए किया जाता है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.12) Which of the following are the terms of reference of the Fifteenth Finance Commission  Adoption of Direct Benefit Transfer by state governments. Elimination of losses in the power sector. Effort made for expanding GST. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only All of the above Q.12) निम्नलिखित में से कौन 15 वें वित्त आयोग के संदर्भ की शर्तें ( terms of reference ) हैं राज्य सरकारों द्वारा प्रत्यक्ष लाभ अंतरण को अपनाना। बिजली क्षेत्र में हानि का उन्मूलन। जीएसटी के विस्तार के लिए किए गए प्रयास। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1 और 3 केवल 2 और 3  उपरोक्त सभी Q.13) Consider the following statements regarding the Financial Inclusion Index It rates states on their performance on last-mile banking service availability. It is released by the Reserve bank of India. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.13) वित्तीय समावेशन सूचकांक (Financial Inclusion Index) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें यह राज्यों को अंतिम-छोर तक बैंकिंग सेवा उपलब्धता पर उनके प्रदर्शन पर आधारित होता है। यह भारतीय रिजर्व बैंक द्वारा जारी किया गया है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.14) Consider the following statements regarding Base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS)  Project The project is an outcome of OECD to tackle BEPS. India has ratified the multilateral convention to implement OECD's project on checking tax evasion. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.14) आधार क्षरण और लाभ हस्तांतरण (BEPS) परियोजना के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें यह परियोजना बीईपीएस से निपटने के लिए ओईसीडी का एक परिणाम है। भारत ने कर चोरी की जाँच पर ओईसीडी की परियोजना को लागू करने के लिए बहुपक्षीय कन्वेंशन की पुष्टि की है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.15) Which of the following is considered as a Pigovian tax Wealth Tax on the rich Clean energy cess on coal Goods and Services Tax on Luxury items None of the above Q.15) निम्न में से किसे पिगोवियन कर (Pigovian tax) माना जाता है अमीरों पर संपत्ति कर कोयले पर स्वच्छ ऊर्जा उपकर विलासिता की वस्तुओं पर वस्तु एवं सेवा कर इनमें से कोई भी नहीं Q.16) Consider the following statements regarding the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) It is a committee under the International Monitory Fund (IMF). Basel III measures, developed by BCBS, aims to strengthen the regulation, supervision and risk management of banks. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.16) बैंकिंग पर्यवेक्षण पर बेसल समिति (BCBS) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। यह अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मुद्रा कोष (आईएमएफ) के तहत एक समिति है। बीसीबीएस द्वारा विकसित बेसल III उपायों का उद्देश्य बैंकों के विनियमन, पर्यवेक्षण और जोखिम प्रबंधन को सुदृढ़ करना है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1  केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.17) Consider the following statements  Vote on account is passed in Lok Sabha without any discussion Full Budget deals with both expenditure and revenue side but Vote-on-account deals only with the expenditure side of the government’s budget It is not mandatory for the government to present a vote on account in an election year Which of the above statements are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only All of the above Q.17) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें लोकसभा में बिना किसी चर्चा के लेखानुदान (Vote on account) पारित किया जाता है पूर्ण बजट, व्यय और राजस्व पक्ष दोनों से संबंधित होता है, लेकिन लेखानुदान केवल सरकार के बजट के व्यय पक्ष से संबंधित होता है चुनावी वर्ष में सरकार को लेखानुदान प्रस्तुत करना अनिवार्य नहीं होता है उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 2 और 3 केवल 1 और 3 उपरोक्त सभी Q.18) Inter-Ministerial Committee on Virtual Currencies was headed by Uday Kotak Committee Nandan Nilekani Committee Nachiket Mor Committee Subhash Chandra Garg Q.18) आभासी मुद्राओं (Virtual Currencies) पर अंतर-मंत्रालयी समिति की अध्यक्षता किसके द्वारा की गई थी  उदय कोटक समिति नंदन नीलेकणी समिति नचिकेत मोर समिति सुभाष चंद्र गर्ग  Q.19) Government of India has recently issued draft rules to set up New Delhi International Arbitration Centre (NDIAC). Consider the following statements regarding NDIAC The NDIAC will facilitate conducting of arbitration and conciliation in a professional and timely manner. The NDIAC Act declares the NDIAC as an institution of national importance. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.19) भारत सरकार ने हाल ही में नई दिल्ली अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मध्यस्थता केंद्र (NDIAC) की स्थापना के लिए मसौदा नियम जारी किए हैं। NDIAC के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें NDIAC एक पेशेवर रूप से मध्यस्थता और सुलह के संचालन की सुविधा प्रदान करेगा। NDIAC अधिनियम NDIAC को राष्ट्रीय महत्व की संस्था घोषित करता है। नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.20) Consider the following statements about Standard Deduction It allows salaried individuals to claim a flat deduction from income towards expenses that would be incurred with relation to his or her employment There is no proof required in order to claim this deduction It was introduced for the first time in budget 2019 Which of the above statements are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only All of the above Q.20) मानक कटौती (Standard Deduction) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें यह वेतनभोगी व्यक्तियों को उन खर्चों के लिए आय से एक फ्लैट कटौती का दावा करने की अनुमति देता है, जो उसके या उसके रोजगार के संबंध में खर्च होंगे इस कटौती का दावा करने के लिए किसी प्रमाण की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है इसे पहली बार बजट 2019 में प्रस्तुत किया गया था उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 2 और 3 केवल 1 और 3 उपरोक्त सभी Q.21) Consider the following statements about International Union for Protection of New Plant Varieties (UPOV): It is established by the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. It is an intergovernmental organization with its headquarters in Geneva. It grants an intellectual property right to breeders of new plant varieties. Which of the statements given above is/are INCORRECT?  1 and 2 only 2 only 1 and 3 only 3 only Q.21) नए पादप किस्मों के संरक्षण के लिए अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संघ (UPOV) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: यह खाद्य और कृषि के लिए पादप आनुवंशिक संसाधनों पर अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संधि द्वारा स्थापित है। यह एक अंतर सरकारी संगठन है, जिसका मुख्यालय जिनेवा में है। यह नए पौधों की किस्मों के प्रजनकों के लिए एक बौद्धिक संपदा अधिकार देता है। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा ग़लत है / हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 2  केवल 1 और 3 केवल 3 Q.22) In which of the following state the Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is located? Arunachal Pradesh Nagaland Manipur Mizoram  Q.22) फकीम वन्यजीव अभयारण्य, निम्नलिखित में से किस राज्य में स्थित है? अरुणाचल प्रदेश नगालैंड मणिपुर मिजोरम Q.23) The Biwako Millennium Framework for Action is related with  Persons with Disabilities Reducing Gender inequality Environmental Refugees Human Trafficking  Q.23) कार्रवाई के लिए बिवाको मिलेनियम फ्रेमवर्क (Biwako Millennium Framework for Action) किसके साथ संबंधित है दिव्यांगजन लैंगिक असमानता को कम करना पर्यावरणीय शरणार्थियों मानव तस्करी Q.24) National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) is the appellate tribunal for hearing appeals against the orders passed by which of the following? National Company Law Tribunal Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India Competition Commission of India Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.24) राष्ट्रीय कंपनी कानून अपीलीय न्यायाधिकरण (NCLAT), निम्नलिखित में से किसके आदेश के खिलाफ अपील की सुनवाई के लिए अपीलीय न्यायाधिकरण है? नेशनल कंपनी लॉ ट्रिब्यूनल इन्सॉल्वेंसी एंड बैंकरप्सी बोर्ड ऑफ इंडिया भारतीय प्रतिस्पर्धा आयोग नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें: केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1 और 3 केवल 2 और 3  1, 2 और 3 Q.25) Consider the following statements: The Hotspots of threatening locust activity are identified by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Southwest Asia is one of the three Hotspots of threatening locust activity. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.25) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: टिड्डी गतिविधि के जोखिमों के हॉटस्पॉट की पहचान प्रकृति संरक्षण के लिए अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संघ (IUCN) द्वारा की जाती है। दक्षिण पश्चिम एशिया, टिड्डी गतिविधि के जोखिमों के तीन हॉटस्पॉटों में से एक है। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.26) KP Krishnan Committee was in news recently. It is associated with Cross-Border Insolvency Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Governance Equal Remuneration Q.26) के.पी. कृष्णन समिति हाल ही में समाचारों में थी। यह किससे संबंधित है क्रॉस-बॉर्डर इंसॉल्वेंसी कॉर्पोरेट सामाजिक उत्तरदायित्व कॉर्पोरेट गवर्नेंस समान पारिश्रमिक Q.27) Which of the following statements with respect to ‘Air India’ is/are correct? Air India was nationalised in 1991. It was founded by J. R. D. Tata as Tata Airlines in 1932. Both (a) and (b) Neither (a) nor (b) Q.27) ’एयर इंडिया’ के संबंध में निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सही है / हैं? 1991 में एयर इंडिया का राष्ट्रीयकरण किया गया। इसकी स्थापना जे. आर. डी. टाटा ने 1932 में टाटा एयरलाइंस के रूप में की थी। (a) और (b) दोनों न तो (a) और न ही (b)  Q.28) As a common rule of thumb, ‘Recession’ is defined as Recession is two quarters of negative GDP growth. When the stock market falls over 40% in two weeks. When the employment rate in the country is over 10% When the global GDP falls by 10%. Q.28) अंगूठे के एक सामान्य नियम के रूप में, 'मंदी' (Recession) को परिभाषित किया गया है मंदी दो तिमाही तक जीडीपी की नकारात्मक वृद्धि है। जब दो सप्ताह में शेयर बाजार 40% से अधिक गिर जाता है। जब देश में बेरोजगारी दर 10% से अधिक होती है जब वैश्विक जीडीपी में 10% की गिरावट आती है। Q.29) The Human Development Index (HDI) measures average achievement in which of the following dimensions? Life expectancy Education Per capita income Select the correct code: 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 and 3 All of the above Q.29) मानव विकास सूचकांक (HDI) निम्न में से किस आयाम में औसत उपलब्धि को मापता है? जीवन प्रत्याशा शिक्षा प्रति व्यक्ति आय सही कूट का चयन करें: 1 और 2 2 और 3 1 और 3 उपरोक्त सभी Q.30) Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Velocity of Money’. It is taken as the number of times that a unit of currency is used to purchase goods and services in a defined period. The velocity of money formula divides the gross domestic product (GDP) of an economy by the money supply. Select the correct statements 1 Only 2 Only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q.30) 'मुद्रा वेग' (Velocity of Money) के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। यह उस समय की संख्या के रूप में लिया जाता है जब मुद्रा की एक इकाई का उपयोग परिभाषित अवधि में वस्तुओं और सेवाओं की खरीद के लिए किया जाता है। मुद्रा वेग फॉर्मूला, मुद्रा की आपूर्ति द्वारा अर्थव्यवस्था के सकल घरेलू उत्पाद (जीडीपी) को विभाजित करता है। सही कथनों का चयन करें केवल 1  केवल 2  1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 DOWNLOAD THE SOLUTION ENGLISH HINDI NOTE- Follow this for Comments Mention- Time Taken after solving the Test After the release of Solution Edit your Comment to Mention-  Correct/Incorrect and Score 2 Marks for Correct/0.66 minus for Incorrect. DOWNLOAD THE 60 DAYS PLAN 2020  PRELIMS EXCLUSIVE CURRENT AFFAIRS CLASSES (12 SESSIONS-By Tauseef Sir): STARTING 15 APRIL- JOIN NOW! All the Best! IASbaba

Apr 7, 2020 Catharsis -Unlock Your Talent and Creativity

Catharsis -Unlock Your Talent & Creativity: PAINTING by NAMRATA SRIVASTAVA!

Catharsis -Unlock Your Talent & Creativity: PAINTING by NAMRATA SRIVASTAVA!   Hello Friends, You must be aware of the term ‘catharsis’. It is the process of releasing and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions. Recently we have launched a new initiative by the name Catharsis -Unlock Your Talent & Creativity! And to our surprise, our inbox was flooded with mails. Thank you all for such a wonderful response. But we will be sharing ONLY One Creative Per Day or Alternative days. So that every piece of Art and the Creator gets their due !! Kudos to all of you once again. Today's work is by NAMRATA SRIVASTAVA. Her hobby is PAINTING. And here we present to you some of the beautiful paintings by Namrata. Well done Namrata, Keep it up !!   Be creative and find your catharsis in whichever form of creativity you are comfortable with.  It could be anything- a song, a painting, a poem, a story, a dance performance, rangolis, jokes/humor, culinary skills, mimicry and whatnot. There is no limit to creativity. Just unleash and share it with everyone! Why don’t you share your moments of catharsis with us? UPSC is not only about academics but personality as well. And your personality is shaped by the creativity that you possess.   To know more about Catharsis -Unlock Your Talent & Creativity' Initiative and the Previous Creative work  -> CLICK HERE   We encourage you to keep the comment section alive by sharing your talents and also by commenting and encouraging the talent of your peers. We are also going to be a regular visitor here and will keep on posting the creative works by our talented team members and staff. NOTE- You can also nominate by tagging anyone (if you know about the talent of your friend or anyone) 🙂 You can share your talent/creativity with us on support@iasbaba.com and ilp@iasbaba.com  P.S: Kindly share it in a format that can be published on the website. We believe each one of you have some hidden talent. It’s time that you explore more about yourselves and remain positive throughout this journey. Make the best use of this opportunity! Thank You IASbaba  

Apr 7, 2020 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 7th April 2020

IAS UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 7th April 2020 Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Non-operation of MPLADS fund approved Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Polity; Health  In News: The Central government has approved Non-operation of MPLADS for two years (2020-21 and 2021-22) for managing COVID 19.  Key takeaways: These funds will be used to strengthen Government’s efforts in managing the challenges and adverse impact of COVID19 in the country.  Important value additions: MPLADS fund It is a scheme formulated by the Government of India that enables the members of parliaments (MP) to recommend developmental work in their constituencies.  The emphasis is on creating durable community assets based on locally felt needs. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI) looks into its working. The funds released under the scheme are non-lapsable. The annual MPLADS fund entitlement per MP constituency is Rs. 5 crore. Legislators' salary cut by 30% Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Polity In News: Union Cabinet has approved an Ordinance amending the Salary, Allowances and Pension of Members of Parliament Act, 1954 for reducing salary by 30% for one year.  It will come into effect from 1st April, 2020.  Key takeaways: President, Vice President, Governors of States have also voluntarily decided to take a pay cut of 30% as a social responsibility for one year.  The money will go to Consolidated Fund of India.  Important value additions: Consolidated Fund of India It includes revenues, which are received by the government through taxes and expenses incurred in the form of borrowings and loans.  All government expenditures are met by consolidated funds except a few.  It was created under Article 266 of the Constitution.   Similar to the Centre, every state has its own Consolidated Fund as well. Lifeline UDAN flights transport medical cargo Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Welfare schemes; Health; GS-III - Disaster management  In News: Hundreds of Lifeline UDAN flights are operating these days to transport tons of medical cargo to various parts of the country.  The remote and hilly areas are also getting covered.  Important value additions: Lifeline UDAN It was launched by the Ministry of Civil Aviation to help India fight against COVID-19. Under this initiative, flights are being  operated in transporting essential equipment and medicines all over the country.  In order to help public in tracking Lifeline Udan flights, the status of the flights were uploaded in a portal.  The portal was developed by National Informatics Centre.  ‘Exercise NCC Yogdan’ initiated  Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III - Disaster management; Defence  In News: Ministry of Defence (MoD) has allowed temporary employment of NCC cadets under ‘Exercise NCC Yogdan’.  These cadets will give a helping hand to state and municipal authorities to augment relief efforts against COVID-19.  Important value additions:  National Cadet Corps  It is the youth wing of Armed Forces with its Headquarters at New Delhi.  It t is open to school and college students on voluntary basis.  It engaged in grooming the youth of the country into disciplined and patriotic citizens.  Human to animal transmission of coronavirus reported Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II - Health; GS-III - Conservation  In News: A Malayan tiger at New York’s Bronx Zoo has been infected with the COVID 19.  Key takeaways: Four-year-old Nadia is believed to have caught the virus from a zoo employee, who had not shown symptoms. Till now, humans have been infecting humans. It is theoretically possible for the virus to mutate again to survive in certain species after being transmitted by humans.  Important value additions:  Malayan tiger The Malayan tiger is a Panthera tigris tigris population in Peninsular Malaysia.  This population inhabits the southern and central parts of the Malay Peninsula.  It has been classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List in 2015.  [caption id="attachment_59002" align="aligncenter" width="393"] Daily Current Affairs IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 7th April 2020[/caption] Image source : https://www.tigers-world.com/malayan-tiger/  (MAINS FOCUS) SOCIETY/ ECONOMY Topic: General Studies 1 & 2: Effects of globalization on Indian society.  Development processes and the development industry —the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations  Infodemic: the new challenge of COVID-19 pandemic Covid-19, the respiratory disease caused by the new coronavirus, has spread to every continent except Antarctica. The crisis has also created the menace of infodemic. Infodemic is a situation where there is an “overabundance” of information that makes it difficult for people to identify truthful and trustworthy sources from false or misleading one How has COVID-19 impacted the use of Social Media? Enhanced Usage: Suspension of work during quarantine has left people to increasingly use Social media platforms both for entertainment and information.  Nearly 400 million turn to a single messaging app- WhatsApp- for sharing news and stories More than 240 million are on Facebook and, often, using it as the predominant source of news, Lack of gate-kepers in Social Media: Traditional news had quality assurance, and editorial controls before publication and most of the content was created by professionals – which is lacking in social media Breeding ground for rumours: The above factors have become the perfecting setting for spread of misinformation some of which are-  Bioweapons origins of the coronavirus (false); Bill Gates was behind it (false); UNICEF’s recommendations for warding off infection (unauthorised) What are the consequences of spread of misinformation? Communalisation of Pandemics: The Tablighi-Jamaat in New Delhi which has emerged as hot spot for the pandemic has made anti-social elements to give the disease communal colour (Corona Jihad) Polarised public sphere: Increasing distrust among the communities Privileging of faith over science: Any news which speaks about a cure is believed. Nativist concerns are prioritised over global anxiety- which has strengthened conservative tendencies Contempt for scientific temper – where wrong behaviours can further propel the pandemic Spurs Panic behaviour in people – causing people to rush to markets for stockpiling their essential supplies Enhances anxiety among public:  For instance, a 23-year-old man, suspected to be a patient of novel coronavirus infection, committed suicide by jumping from the seventh floor of Safdarjung Hospital in Delhi Law and order issues: People have attacked the health inspectors in certain places due to misplaced fears spread through social media Actions taken by various agencies to fight infodemic Fact checking websites like Boom Live and Alt News, are continuously checking stories and verifying its truth.  WHO has started their own myth busting page – “Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Myth busters”, debunking the myths doing rounds in social media and educating the public with authentic and verified information.  Proactive role by Social Media Platforms Google has created an SOS Alert on COVID-19 for the six official UN languages to make sure the first information the public receives is from the WHO website Facebook has promised to ban ads that promise “cures” for the Covid-19 virus. The Press Information Bureau has set up a portal for fact-checking issues related with the pandemic. It will also receive messages by email and send its response. Way Forward Information Hygiene: Where people need to verify the information before sharing it to others.  Information hygiene can be done by verifying it is from an authentic source, double checking with fact checking website, asking a doctor or an expert etc. Inform relevant authorities of the rumours being spread on social media platforms Investing in training people to understand the concept of information hygiene. Connecting the dots: Do governments need to regulate the Social Media platforms to prevent the spread of misinformation? Justice B.N. Srikrishna Committee recommendation on data protection framework in India ECONOMY Topic: General Studies 3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.  Impact of COVID-19: Cash less Indians -the new normal, and survival At the end of 21-day lockdown imposed in India in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic, it is likely that the bottom 47 percentile of India’s population (nearly 500 million) will run out of cash. Also, the population between the 47th percentile and up to 87th percentile will have only half the cash they had before the lockdown began. Do You know? World Bank’s poverty line is $3.2/day for a lower middle-income country like India Up to the 77th percentile population, Indians just consume what they earn. The top 1% in India held 62%, whereas the top 0.1% held 33%, of the total currency of ₹17-lakh crore in circulation at the time of demonetisation (Nov 2016). Inequality of cash in India Various indexes indicate high measures of inequality of cash holding in India:  Gini coefficient of cash holding in India is 0.71 Atkinson Index [A(1)=0.624]  Generalised Entropy Index [GE(1)=3.108] Regional Inequality of Cash holding:  The top 10% districts held 764 times more currency than the bottom 10% districts.  The bottom 60 districts, mostly comprising hill and tribal districts, held only 0.2% of all the cash. Intra-district inequality: 359 out of 607 districts in India, has a Gini ≥ 0.7, which means that even within districts, cash is concentrated very unequally What are the possible impacts of pandemic vis-à-vis Cash economy? Further entrenchment of the cash inequality due to depletion of cash reserves of poor people. Loss of Freedom: No money to payback to lenders meaning high chances of poor people falling into trap of slavery or forced labour Loss of agency: People engaged in the informal economy (dependent on cash) will also lose their agency to negotiate for fair wages, decent working conditions etc. Forces migration back to Urban areas:  Poor migrants who returned to hometowns in the wake of lockdown will be left with no cash by the end of it, forcing them to migrate back to cash-rich centres again Weakened demand: Nearly one billion Indians will be starting with zero or near zero cash post the end of crisis that is going to impact the corporate sector Way Forward The ₹1.7-lakh crore stimulus package announced by government is insufficient Remonetise India: A targeted ₹2.5-lakh crore cash transfer that will put money directly in the pockets and purses of the population up to the 87th percentile Government should make cash available through banks, automated teller machines and treasuries. Connecting the dots: Impact of the crisis on the cashless payments – is remonetising impacting the governments vision of creating a less-cash economy? (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note:  Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers.  Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q 1. Consider the following statements: The Central government has approved Non-operation of MPLADS for one year Funds will be used to strengthen Government’s efforts in managing COVID19 in the country.  Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only 2 onlyBoth 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q 2. Consider the following statements: Union Cabinet has approved an Ordinance for reducing salary by 30% for one year.  Consolidated Fund of India was created under Article 266 of the Constitution. Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q 3. Consider the following statements: Lifeline UDAN was launched by the Ministry of Civil Aviation.  The portal to track their flights is developed by National Informatics Centre.  Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q 4. Consider the following statements: Temporary employment of NCC cadets is being allowed under ‘Exercise NCC Yogdan’.  National Cadet Corps is the youth wing of Indian Navy.  Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only  2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Q 5. Consider the following statements: Malayan tiger inhabits the southern and central parts of the Malay Peninsula.  It has been classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.  Which of the above is/are correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 ANSWERS FOR 6th April 2020 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1 C 2 A 3 B 4 C Must Read An article by Vice-President on COVID-19: The Indian Express About the importance of safety of Health Worker in fight against COVID-19: The Hindu About impact of pandemic on Democratic culture: The Hindu

Apr 7, 2020 60 DAYS PROGRAMME-PRELIMS 2020

IASbaba’s 60 Day Plan [Day - 32]- IAS Prelims Test Series 2020 Geography & CURRENT AFFAIRS

ARCHIVES OF 60 DAY PLAN Dear Students, The 60 Days Training has finally begun:) DAY 32 is here! It is time to Introspect, Ideate and Improve!! We have come-up with articles to instil confidence, motivate you in the present situation. Do read these articles. Mark the words/lines in your dairy. These very lines can be the driving force’ in the time of uncertainty. [STRATEGY] MUST READ: 21 Days of Lockdown-What to do? Introspect, Ideate and Improve !! MUST READ: PRELIMS in Testing Times – Don’t Forget the ‘WHY’; IASbaba’s dedicated HOTLINE for Aspirants and Prelims Postponing Rumours Coronavirus[VIDEO]: Awareness, Myths, Solidarity and Message to All UPSC Aspirants by Mohan Sir Founder IASbaba   To ensure that your preparation goes smoothly and keeping up with our promise, we have come up with a Dedicated HOTLINE (Communication channel) - Connect with BABA for all UPSC/IAS Aspirants. From today, you will be able to speak with the Founders and Core Team of IASbaba on telephone regarding ‘any queries’ related to UPSC preparation in general or Subject-specific doubts. This Hotline, will be in addition to the 'ASK YOUR BABA' (#ASKBABA) thread opened on a daily basis for our 60 Day plan. We will try to make sure that with so much going around these days, you have at least one less thing to worry about.   How to make use of HOTLINE and ASK YOUR BABA (#ASKBABA)? There are 2 initiatives which will be running parallely. 1. HOTLINE - Connect with BABA (5pm - 7pm) The communication channel will be open ONLY for 2 hours Daily (except on Sundays - holiday) from 5pm to 7 pm. Please do not make calls before or after the specified time. As we will be occupied with other daily initiatives running on the website and mentorship. Hope you understand our time constraints. Please note that, call facilities are mainly for queries related to preparation per se like strategies, difficulties in reading a subject, what to read, what not to read, how to manage time, revision, motivation etc. You can call on the numbers given below. For any queries related to - UPSC Preparation (Prelims, Mains, Interview) Strategy & Current Affairs – contact 9986190082 Environment & Science and Technology – contact 9986193016 Polity & Economics – contact 9899291288 Geography & History – contact 9591106864 We have separated General Strategy (Preparation per se – Pre, Mains, Interview) and Current Affairs from other subjects. You can make use of the HOTLINE, as per your needs.   2. ASK YOUR BABA (#ASKBABA) - clear your doubts on the 60 Day Platform (Online from 11 am - 10 pm) Use the disqus comment section of that particular day (60 Day post - For Ex: Today is Day 25) to clear all your subject specific doubts of the day. You can post your queries/doubts with #ASKBABA !! Here, doubts related to the 60 day questions or conceptual clarity in a particular subject can be asked. Your doubts will be cleared on real-time basis (or max within hour it will be answered from the subject experts) If you are genuinely finding difficulty interms of preparing with that particular subject, then you can use 5pm-7pm window to make calls. If you are not able to speak to IASbaba's Team, then you can still post your doubts/queries in the same post of the 60 day initiative. As mentioned above, your doubts will be cleared on real-time basis (or max within hour it will be answered from the subject experts). Make the best use of the communication channel (Ask Your Baba/comment section on daily 60 Day post and calls) provided. We will make sure that, all your queries will be answered to. So we have  tried our bit, to ensure your preparation goes smoothly, you can do your bit by keeping in touch with us via phone/ website to keep yourself going, keep yourself engaged and staying positive during the rough times.   How to make the maximum use of this HOTLINE and #ASKBABA (Disqus comment of 60 Day Plan) on Daily basis? Now, that I have solved 30 mcq’s, what to do next?  How to Analyse my Performance? For Answers to the above Questions  ->CONNECT WITH BABA: IASbaba’s Dedicated HOTLINE for UPSC/IAS Aspirants !!   Note- Download the OMR Sheet and attempt the questions exactly like UPSC Prelims. After you are done, please post your OMR in the comment section. Once the solution key is released (5 PM), cross-check the answers and again, comment the marks (you got) in the same comment thread. This will keep you responsible and sincere in days to come. Also, we need more sets of scores for releasing the cut offs in the night so, requesting all of you to sincerely put your scores in comment section.    You can also take part in discussion with peers.   Q.1) Which among the following are considered active factors in soil formation?  Parent material Topography Climate Biological activity Time Choose the correct option.  1, 2 and 3 1, 2 and 5  3 and 4  1 and 5 Q.1) निम्नलिखित में से कौन मृदा निर्माण में सक्रिय कारक माने जाते हैं? मूल सामग्री स्थलाकृति (Topography) जलवायु जैविक गतिविधि समय सही विकल्प चुनें। 1, 2 और 3 1, 2 और 5 3 और 4 1 और 5 Q.2) With respect to the metamorphic rocks consider the following pairs: Parent rock  :: Metamorphic rock Limestone  :: Marble Sandstone :: Quartzite Granite :: Schist Shale :: Clay Which of the above pairs are correctly matched? 1 and 2 2, 3 and 4 1, 3 and 4  1, 2 and 3 Q.2) रूपांतरित चट्टानों (metamorphic rocks) के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित युग्मों पर विचार करें:           मूल चट्टानें              रूपांतरित चट्टानें चूना पत्थर                 संगमरमर बलुआ पत्थर              क्वार्टजाइट ग्रेनाइट                        शिस्ट शैल (Shale)                 क्ले उपरोक्त में से कौन सी जोड़ी सही ढंग से सुमेलित है? 1 और 2 2, 3 और 4 1, 3 और 4 1, 2 और 3 Q.3) Consider the following conditions of climate.  Average rainfall of 100 cms mostly from the North-East Monsoons in October-December.  Mean Annual temperature about 28 degree centigrade.  Mean Humidity about 75 percent.  Which of the following forests types grow well in the above mentioned conditions?  Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests.  Swamp Forests.  Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests.  Tropical Dry Evergreen Forests.  Q.3) जलवायु की निम्नलिखित स्थितियों पर विचार करें। अक्टूबर-दिसंबर में अधिकतर उत्तर-पूर्व मानसून से 100 सेंटीमीटर की औसत वर्षा। औसत वार्षिक तापमान लगभग 28 डिग्री सेंटीग्रेड। औसत आर्द्रता लगभग 75 प्रतिशत। उपरोक्त वनों में निम्नलिखित में से कौन से वन प्रकार अच्छी तरह से विकसित होते हैं? उष्णकटिबंधीय आद्र पर्णपाती वन। दलदली वन  उष्णकटिबंधीय आर्द्र सदाबहार वन उष्णकटिबंधीय शुष्क सदाबहार वन Q.4) Oak, Chestnut and Pine are the trees of which type of forests in India?   Evergreen Forests Montane forests Tropical thorn forests Tropical deciduous forests Q.4) ओक, चेस्टनट और पाइन भारत में किस प्रकार के वन हैं? सदाबहार वन पर्वतीय वन (Montane forests) उष्णकटिबंधीय कंटीले वन  उष्णकटिबंधीय पर्णपाती वन Q.5) Consider the following statements.  Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests occupy the highest percentage of the total forest cover in India.  Shola forests are found only in Western Ghats of Karnataka and Kerala.  Which of the following statements is/are correct?  1 only  2 only  1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.5) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। भारत में उष्णकटिबंधीय आद्र पर्णपाती वन, कुल वन आवरण के उच्चतम प्रतिशत पाए जाते हैं। शोला वन केवल कर्नाटक और केरल के पश्चिमी घाटों में पाए जाते हैं। निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा कथन सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2 1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.6) Which of the following regions in India have the combination of Mangrove Forests, Evergreen forests and Deciduous forests?  Saurashtra West Bengal.  Coastal Odisha Andaman and Nicobar Islands.  Q.6) भारत में निम्नलिखित में से किस क्षेत्र में मैंग्रोव वन, सदाबहार वन और पर्णपाती वन का संयोजन होता है? सौराष्ट्र पश्चिम बंगाल तटीय ओडिशा अंडमान व नोकोबार द्वीप समूह Q.7) Arrange the following states in descending order in terms of their percentage of forest to the total geographical area of the state.  Arunachal Pradesh Mizoram Meghalaya Manipur Choose the correct option:  2-1-4-3 2-1-3-4 1-2-4-3 1-2-3-4 Q.7) राज्य के कुल भौगोलिक क्षेत्र में वन के उनके प्रतिशत के संदर्भ में, निम्नलिखित राज्यों को घटते क्रम में व्यवस्थित करें। अरुणाचल प्रदेश मिजोरम मेघालय मणिपुर सही विकल्प चुनें: 2-1-4-3 2-1-3-4 1-2-4-3 1-2-3-4 Q.8) Consider the following statements with respect to the minor forest produce.  Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer of tendu leaves in India.  Sabai is the most important raw material for the paper industry.  Which of the above statements is/are correct?  1 only  2 only  1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.8) लघु वनोपज (minor forest produce) के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। मध्य प्रदेश भारत में तेंदू के पत्तों का सबसे बड़ा उत्पादक है। सबई (Sabai) कागज उद्योग के लिए सबसे महत्वपूर्ण कच्चा माल है। उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.9) Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?             Institute Name                                         : Place Institute of Arid Zone Forestry Research : Jodhpur Institute of Rain and Moist Deciduous Forests  : Jorhat Forest Research Institute                                         : Dehradun Tropical Forestry Research Institute                      : Bengaluru Choose the correct option:  1 and 2  2 and 3  1, 2, and 3  All of the above.  Q.9) निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा युग्म सही रूप से सुमेलित है?                        संस्थान का नाम                             स्थान शुष्क क्षेत्र वानिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान               जोधपुर वर्षा एवं आद्र पर्णपाती वन संस्थान                  जोरहाट वन अनुसंधान संस्थान                                  देहरादून उष्णकटिबंधीय वानिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान        बेंगलुरु सही विकल्प चुनें: 1 और 2 2 और 3 1, 2, और 3 उपरोक्त सभी। Q.10) With respect to the sacred groves in India, which of the following pairs are correctly matched?  Sacred Grove Local Name    : State Devarakadu                     : Karnataka Kavu                                  : Kerala Umang lai                         : Meghalaya Mandar                              : Chhattisgarh Choose the correct option:  1 and 2 only  1 and 3 only  1, 2 and 3 only  1, 2 and 4 only  Q.10) भारत में पवित्र उपवनों (sacred groves) के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा युग्म सही रूप से सुमेलित है?     पवित्र उपवन का स्थानीय नाम                            राज्य देवराकाडू (Devarakadu)                          कर्नाटक कावु (Kavu)                                                केरल उमंग लाई (Umang lai)                               मेघालय मंदर (Mandar)                                         छत्तीसगढ़ सही विकल्प चुनें: केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1 और 3 केवल 1, 2 और 3 केवल 1, 2 और 4 Q.11) Consider the following statements with respect to the protected area network in India.  Only the Central government can notify the national parks in India.  Wildlife sanctuaries boundaries are not fixed by legislation in India National Parks are primarily focused on a particular species in India.  Which of the above statements is/are correct?  2 only  1 and 2 only  1 and 3 only  1, 2 and 3  Q.11) भारत में संरक्षित क्षेत्र नेटवर्क के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। केवल केंद्र सरकार ही भारत में राष्ट्रीय उद्यानों को अधिसूचित कर सकती है। भारत में कानून द्वारा वन्यजीव अभयारण्य की सीमाएँ निर्धारित नहीं हैं भारत में राष्ट्रीय उद्यान मुख्य रूप से एक विशेष प्रजाति पर केंद्रित होते हैं। उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 2  केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1 और 3 1, 2 और 3 Q.12) Which of the following countries is the largest producer of wood pulp in the world? USA Brazil Canada Argentina Q.12) निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा देश विश्व में लकड़ी की लुगदी (wood pulp) का सबसे बड़ा उत्पादक है? अमेरीका ब्राज़ील कनाडा अर्जेंटीना Q.13) Arrange the following soil groups in the order of their land area coverage starting from the highest to the lowest in India.  Laterite soil Black Soil Alluvial Soil.  Red soil.  Choose the correct option:  3-2-4-1 3-4-2-1 3-2-1-4 3-1-2-4 Q.13) भारत में उच्चतम से लेकर निम्नतम भूमि क्षेत्र कवरेज के क्रम में, निम्नलिखित मृदा समूहों को व्यवस्थित करें। लेटराइट मिट्टी काली मिट्टी जलोढ़ मिट्टी लाल मिट्टी सही विकल्प चुनें: 3-2-4-1 3-4-2-1 3-2-1-4 3-1-2-4 Q.14) ‘Usar’, ‘Kallar’, ‘thur’ and ‘rakar’ are  local names given to which of the following soil groups?  Saline and Alkaline soil Peaty and marshy Soil.  Laterite soil Desert soil Q.14) ‘ऊसर’,  ‘कल्लर’, ‘थुर’ और ‘राकर’, निम्नलिखित में से किस मृदा समूह को दिए गए स्थानीय नाम हैं? लवणीय और क्षारीय मिट्टी पीटमय और दलदली मिट्टी लेटराइट मिट्टी मरुस्थलीय मिट्टी Q.15) The old and new alluvial deposits of the northern plains are called by which names respectively? Khadar and Bhangar Bhangar and Khadar Bhabar and Tarai Tarai and Khadar Q.15) उत्तरी मैदानों के पुराने और नए जलोढ़ निक्षेपों को क्रमशः किन नामों से पुकारा जाता है? खादर और भांगर भांगर और खादर भाबर और तराई तराई और खादर Q.16) Consider the following statements with respect to the composition of soils in India.  Red soils are rich in potash but poor in lime and nitrogen.  The porosity of alluvial soil helps in good agriculture production.  Black soil is highly argillaceous with large clay content.  Which among the above statements is/are correct?  1 only  1 and 2 only  2 and 3 only  1, 2 and 3  Q.16) भारत में मृदा संरचना के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। लाल मिट्टी पोटाश से समृद्ध होती है लेकिन चूने और नाइट्रोजन में खराब होती है। जलोढ़ मिट्टी की सरंध्रता अच्छे कृषि उत्पादन में सहायता करती है। काली मिट्टी, अधिक क्ले सामग्री के साथ अत्यधिक मृतिकामय (argillaceous) होती है। उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 1 और 2 केवल  2 और 3 1, 2 और 3 Q.17) Consider the following pairs with respect to coal fields in India.             Coal field                       State Korba                             Jharkhand.  Raniganj                       Chhattisgarh Bokaro                          Jharkhand Talcher                          Orissa.  Which of the above is/are correctly matched? 1 only 1 and 2  3 and 4 1, 3 and 4  Q.17) भारत में कोयला क्षेत्रों के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित युग्मों पर विचार करें।          कोयला क्षेत्र                         राज्य कोरबा                            झारखंड रानीगंज                        छत्तीसगढ़ बोकारो                          झारखंड तालचर                          उड़ीसा उपरोक्त में से कौन सा सही ढंग से सुमेलित है / है? केवल 1 1 और 2 3 और 4 1, 3 और 4 Q.18) Consider the following statements with respect to non-conventional sources of energy.  In India, shale gas reserves are found in Krishna-Godavari basin and Cambay basin only.  In India, Natural Gas hydrates are found in Krishna-Godavari basin only.  Which of the above statements is/are correct?  1 only  2 only  1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.18) ऊर्जा के गैर-पारंपरिक स्रोतों के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। भारत में, शेल गैस के भंडार केवल कृष्णा-गोदावरी बेसिन और कैम्बे बेसिन में पाए जाते हैं। भारत में, प्राकृतिक गैस हाइड्रेट्स केवल कृष्ण-गोदावरी बेसिन में पाए जाते हैं। उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.19) Which of the following Nuclear Power Plants are correctly matched with their location?  Nuclear Power Plants :: State Kakrapar :: Gujarat Kovvada :: Kerala Jaitapur :: Maharashtra Mithi Virdi :: Maharashtra Choose the correct option:  1 and 3 only  1 and 4 only  1 and 2 only  All of the above.  Q.19) निम्नलिखित में से कौन से परमाणु ऊर्जा संयंत्र, अपने स्थान के साथ सही ढंग से सुमेलित हैं?        परमाणु ऊर्जा संयंत्र                  राज्य काकरापार                       गुजरात कोवाडा (Kovvada)          केरल जैतापुर                            महाराष्ट्र मीठी विरदी                     महाराष्ट्र सही विकल्प चुनें: केवल 1 और 3 केवल 1 और 4 केवल 1 और 2 उपरोक्त सभी। Q.20) With respect to the mangrove forests in India consider the following statements.  Mangrove forests are absent eastern coasts of India.  After Sunderbans, Andaman and Nicobar Islands have the highest percentage of mangrove forests in India. Which of the above statements is/are correct?  1 only  2 only  1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.20) भारत में मैंग्रोव वनों के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। मैंग्रोव वन भारत के पूर्वी तट पर अनुपस्थित होते हैं। सुंदरबन के बाद, अंडमान और निकोबार द्वीप समूह में भारत में मैंग्रोव वनों का सबसे अधिक प्रतिशत है। उपरोक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 केवल 2  1 और 2 न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.21) With reference to Remission of Duties or Taxes on Export Product (RoDTEP) scheme, consider the following statements: It is designed to reimburse all taxes and duties paid on inputs consumed in exports in sync with the WTO norms. Under the scheme, affordable testing and certification will be made available to exporters within the country. It will replace the existing Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS). Which of the statements given above is/are correct?  1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.21) निर्यात उत्पाद पर शुल्क या कर की छूट (RoDTEP) योजना के संदर्भ में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: यह डब्ल्यूटीओ के मानदंडों के साथ निर्यात में खपत किए गए इनपुट पर भुगतान किए गए सभी करों और शुल्कों की प्रतिपूर्ति करने के लिए बनाया गया है। योजना के तहत, देश के भीतर निर्यातकों को सस्ता परीक्षण और प्रमाणन उपलब्ध कराया जाएगा। यह मौजूदा मर्चेंडाइज एक्सपोर्ट्स को इंडिया स्कीम (MEIS) को प्रतिस्थापित करेगा। ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 2 और 3  केवल 1 और 3 1, 2 और 3 Q.22) Which of the following National Park are located in the state of Andhra Pradesh? Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park Papikonda National Park Mrugavani National Park Sri Venkateswara National Park Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 and 2 only 2 and 4 only 3 and 4 only 1, 2 and 4 only Q.22) निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा राष्ट्रीय उद्यान आंध्र प्रदेश राज्य में स्थित हैं? कासु ब्रह्मानंद रेड्डी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान पापीकोंडा राष्ट्रीय उद्यान मृगवनी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान श्री वेंकटेश्वर राष्ट्रीय उद्यान नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें: केवल 1 और 2 केवल 2 और 4 केवल 3 और 4 केवल 1, 2 और 4 Q.23) Recently, which of the following has launched ‘Gandhi Citizenship Education Prize’ to promote the Gandhi’s ideals? Portugal Ireland Congo Kenya Q.23) हाल ही में, महात्मा गांधी के आदर्शों को बढ़ावा देने के लिए निम्नलिखित में से किसने ‘गांधी नागरिकता शिक्षा पुरस्कार’ आरंभ किया है? पुर्तगाल आयरलैंड कांगो केन्या Q.24) Which of the following is/are benefits of the Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) technology? Shorter call connection time Superior call quality  No extra charges apply for user Select the correct answer using the code given below: 1 and 2 only 2 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Q.24) वाई-फाई पर वॉयस (VoWiFi) तकनीक के निम्नलिखित में से कौन से लाभ हैं / हैं? कम कॉल कनेक्शन समय कॉल की उच्च गुणवत्ता  उपयोगकर्ता के लिए कोई अतिरिक्त शुल्क आरोपित नहीं होता है नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें: केवल 1 और 2 केवल 2  केवल 2 और 3 1, 2 और 3 Q.25) Recently seen in news, the ‘Operation Clean Art’ is related with Cleaning the important monument sites of India Illegal wildlife trade Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief Tax compliance norms  Q.25) हाल ही में समाचारों में देखा गया, 'ऑपरेशन क्लीन आर्ट' (Operation Clean Art) किससे संबंधित है? भारत के महत्वपूर्ण स्मारक स्थलों की सफाई अवैध वन्यजीव व्यापार मानवीय सहायता और आपदा राहत कर अनुपालन मानदंड Q.26) ‘Tarun Ramadorai committee’ was in news recently. It is associated with Fiscal Slippage Household finance Monetary Policy Transmission Bad Banks Q.26) ‘तरुण रामादोराई समिति' हाल ही में समाचारों में थी। यह किससे संबंधित है राजकोषीय फिसलन (Fiscal Slippage) घरेलू वित्त (Household finance) मौद्रिक नीति संचरण खराब बैंक (Bad Banks) Q.27) India has ratifies which of the following ILO Conventions? Night Work (Women) Convention, 1919 Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919 Abolition of Forced Labour Convention Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention Select the correct code: 1, 2 and 3 2, 3 and 4 1, 3 and 4 All of the above Q.27) भारत ने निम्नलिखित ILO कन्वेंशनों में से किसकी पुष्टि की है? रात्रि कार्य (महिला) कन्वेंशन, 1919 युवा व्यक्तियों का रात्रि कार्य (उद्योग) कन्वेंशन, 1919 जबरन श्रम का उन्मूलन कन्वेंशन  संगठित होने और सामूहिक सौदेबाजी का अधिकार कन्वेंशन   सही कूट का चयन करें: 1, 2 और 3 2, 3 और 4 1, 3 और 4 उपरोक्त सभी Q.28) ‘Jarnail Singh vs Lachhmi Narain Gupta Case’ is associated with Reservation in Promotion Right to Property Right to Speech Judicial Activism Q.28) ‘जरनैल सिंह बनाम लक्ष्मी नारायण गुप्ता वाद’ किससे संबद्ध है पदोन्नति में आरक्षण संपत्ति का अधिकार भाषण का अधिकार न्यायिक सक्रियता Q.29) The Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID) is brough out by International Organization for Migration Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre World Economic Forum International Labour Organization Q.29) आंतरिक विस्थापन पर वैश्विक रिपोर्ट (GRID)  किसके द्वारा जारी किया जाता है प्रवास के लिए अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संगठन आंतरिक विस्थापन निगरानी केंद्र विश्व आर्थिक मंच अंतर्राष्ट्रीय श्रमिक संगठन Q.30) Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? Chloroquine – Tuberculosis  Isoniazid – Malaria Ivermectin – Strongyloidiasis Select the correct code: 1 and 2 2 and 3 3 Only 1, 2 and 3 Q.30) निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा युग्म सही रूप से सुमेलित है? क्लोरोक्वीन (Chloroquine) - तपेदिक (TB) आइसोनियाज़िड (Isoniazid) - मलेरिया इवेरमेक्टिन (Ivermectin) - स्ट्रांगिलोइडियासिस (Strongyloidiasis) सही कूट का चयन करें: 1 और 2 2 और 3 केवल 3  1, 2 और 3 DOWNLOAD THE SOLUTION ENGLISH HINDI NOTE- Follow this for Comments Mention- Time Taken after solving the Test After the release of Solution Edit your Comment to Mention-  Correct/Incorrect and Score 2 Marks for Correct/0.66 minus for Incorrect. DOWNLOAD THE 60 DAYS PLAN 2020  PRELIMS EXCLUSIVE CURRENT AFFAIRS CLASSES (12 SESSIONS-By Tauseef Sir): STARTING 15 APRIL- JOIN NOW! All the Best! IASbaba

Apr 7, 2020 Important Articles

YouTube Link Updated : Join Mohan Sir LIVE on YouTube on 8th April (Wednesday) @ 7.30 pm

YouTube Link Updated : Join Mohan Sir LIVE on YouTube on 8th April (Wednesday) @ 7.30 pm   YouTube Link  - JOIN NOW !! -> https://youtu.be/51CViDR15NA How to make the best use of this LIVE Session? Post your queries with the #ASKBABA. In the first 20 minutes, the questions with the most number of upvotes on the disqus comment will be picked up and answered. In the next 10 minutes, Live questions posted on the YouTube chat will be answered. The time duration of this session can get extended based on the questions posted/asked. Students can post ‘any query’ related to UPSC Preparation Strategy like planning, how to read, revision or any other difficulties you come across when you are preparing for the exam. Please note that, subject- specific doubts will be answered ONLY on the 60 day post with the #ASKBABA. To know more  -> Click Here  

Apr 6, 2020 PIB

Press Information Bureau (PIB) IAS UPSC – 29th March to 5th April – 2020

Press Information Bureau (PIB) IAS UPSC – 29th to 5th April, 2020 ARCHIVES COVID-19 A. Cargo Air Flights will be used exclusively for transporting medical equipment and emergency goods to North Eastern State B. Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Package: Insurance Scheme for Health Workers Fighting COVID-19 It will provide an insurance cover of Rs. 50 lakh for ninety (90) days to a total of around 22.12 lakh public healthcare providers, including community health workers, who may have to be in direct contact and care of COVID-19 patients and who may be at risk of being impacted by this. It will also include accidental loss of life on account of contracting COVID-19; On account of the unprecedented situation, private hospital staff/ retired/volunteer/ local urban bodies/contract/daily wage/ ad-hoc/outsourced staff requisitioned by States/ Central hospitals/autonomous hospitals of Central/States/UTs, AIIMS & INIs/ hospitals of Central Ministries can also be drafted for COVID-19 related responsibilities. These cases will also be covered subject to numbers indicated by Ministry of Health & Family Welfare; The insurance provided under this scheme would be over and above any other insurance cover being availed of by the beneficiary. C. Launch of ‘Corona Studies Series’  Realising the extraordinary psychological, social, economic and cultural significance of Corona Pandemic for the human society in times to come, National Book Trust, India, the national body for book publishing and book promotion under the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, is launching a publishing series titled ‘Corona Studies Series’ to document and to provide relevant reading materials for all age-groups for the post-Corona readership needs. The ‘Corona Studies Series’seeks to be a long-term contribution to prepare and engage readers with the various aspects of the Corona times by bringing out affordable books in various Indian languages in the identified subject areas. It will also provide suitable platform to authors and researchers willing to contribute in this genre D. Center directs States to ensure no movement of People across cities There has been movement of migrant workers in some parts of the country. Directions were issued that district and state borders should be effectively sealed.  States have been directed to- Ensure there is no movement of people across cities or on highways. Only movement of goods should be allowed.  DMs and SPs should be made personally responsible for implementation of these directions which have been issued under the DM Act. Adequate arrangements for food and shelter of poor and needy people including migrant laborers be made at the place of their work. Centre issued orders for use of SDRF funds for this purpose. Sufficient funds are available with States in this head. Ensure timely payment of wages to labourers at their place of work during the period of lockdown without any cut. House Rent should not be demanded from the labourers for this period. Action should be taken against those who are asking labourers or students to vacate the premises. Those who have violated the lockdown and traveled during the period of lockdown will be subject to minimum 14 days of quarantine in government quarantine facilities. Detailed instructions on monitoring of such persons during quarantine have been issued to States. E. Union Labour Ministry notifies amendment in EPF Scheme: The notification permits withdrawal of up to the amount of basic wages and dearness allowance for three months or up to 75% of the amount standing to member's credit in the EPF account, whichever is less, in the event of outbreak of epidemic or pandemic. F. Indian Railways to run Special Parcel Trains for carriage of essential items in small parcel sizes during the complete lockdown in fight against COVID-19 Ministry of Home Affairs has already removed the restrictions on movement of  goods and commodities in the country during the lock down period.  Provision of Parcel trains and  rapid transportation of goods will further bolster the efficiency of supply chains. The decision to run Special Parcel Trains will help in movement of small quantities as well of essential items viz. Dairy Products, Medical Equipments and Medicines, Groceries, Edible oil and other necessary items etc. G. Govt. gives benefits to farmers on crop loan repayments: Due to restrictions imposed on movement of people, many farmers are not able to travel to bank branches for payment of their short term crop loan dues. Moreover, due to restrictions on movement of people and difficulty in timely sale and receipt of payment of their produce, farmers may be facing difficulties in repayment of their short term crop loans falling due during this period. Extends benefit of 2% Interest Subvention (IS) to Banks and 3% Prompt Repayment Incentive (PRI) to all farmers upto 31st May, 2020 for all crop loans upto Rs.3 lakh given by banks due between 1st March and 31st May Government is providing concessional crop loans to farmers through banks with 2% p.a. interest subvention to banks and 3% additional benefit on timely repayment to farmers thus providing loans upto Rs.3 lakh at 4% p.a. interest on timely repayment. H. Technology by Pune based Startup incubatee of Scitech Park to disinfect Maharashtra hospitals in Covid 19 fight The negative ion generator titled Scitech Airon helps to control the virus, bacteria, and fungal infections in a closed environment It can clean up the air and disinfect areas exposed to the infection through Covid 19 positive cases and suspects It could ensure wellbeing of the staff, doctors, and nurses working in the quarantine facilities by enhancing their disease resistance power and ability to fight the virus DST has released Rs 1 crore to manufacture and scale up the product; 1,000 of them will soon be ready for installation in various hospitals in Maharashtra I. Ayurveda’s immunity boosting measures for self-care during COVID 19 crisis Ayurveda, being the science of life, propagates the gifts of nature in maintaining healthy and happy living. Ayurveda’s extensive knowledge base on preventive care derives from the concepts of “Dinacharya” - daily regimes and “Ritucharya” - seasonal regimes to maintain healthy life. It is a plant-based science. The simplicity of awareness about oneself and the harmony each individual can achieve by uplifting and maintaining his or her immunity is emphasized across Ayurveda’s classical scriptures. Ministry of AYUSH recommends the following self-care guidelines for preventive health measures and boosting immunity with special reference to respiratory health. These are supported by Ayurvedic literature and scientific publications.  General Measures Drink warm water throughout the day. Daily practice of Yogasana, Pranayama and meditation for at least 30 minutes as advised by Ministry of AYUSH (#YOGAatHome #StayHome #StaySafe) Spices like Haldi (Turmeric), Jeera (Cumin), Dhaniya (Coriander) and Lahsun (Garlic) are recommended in cooking.  Ayurvedic Immunity Promoting Measures Take Chyavanprash 10gm (1tsf) in the morning. Diabetics should take sugar free Chyavanprash. Drink herbal tea / decoction (Kadha) made from Tulsi (Basil), Dalchini (Cinnamon), Kalimirch (Black pepper), Shunthi (Dry Ginger) and Munakka (Raisin) - once or twice a day. Add jaggery (natural sugar) and / or fresh lemon juice to your taste, if needed. Golden Milk- Half tea spoon Haldi (turmeric) powder in 150 ml hot milk - once or twice a day.  Simple Ayurvedic Procedures Nasal application - Apply sesame oil / coconut oil or Ghee in both the nostrils (PratimarshNasya) in morning and evening. Oil pulling therapy- Take 1 table spoon sesame or coconut oil in mouth. Do not drink, Swish in the mouth for 2 to 3 minutes and spit it off followed by warm water rinse. This can be done once or twice a day.   During dry cough / sore throat Steam inhalation with fresh Pudina (Mint) leaves or Ajwain (Caraway seeds) can be practiced once in a day. Lavang (Clove) powder mixed with natural sugar / honey can be taken 2-3 times a day in case of cough or throat irritation. These measures generally treat normal dry cough and sore throat. However, it is best to consult doctors if these symptoms persist. J. The Invest India Business Immunity Platform Hosted on the website of Invest India, India’s National Investment Promotion & Facilitation Agency, under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry is working 24X7 as a comprehensive resource to help businesses and investors get real-time updates on India’s active response to COVID-19 (Coronavirus). The Business Immunity Platform (BIP) is the active platform for business issue redressal, with a team of dedicated sector experts who respond to queries at the earliest. Invest India has also announced a partnership with SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank of India) for responding and resolving queries for MSMEs. This dynamic and constantly updating platform keeps a regular track on developments with respect to the virus, provides latest information on various central and state government initiatives, gives access to special provisions, and answers and resolves queries through emails and on WhatsApp. So far, it has received 845 business support queries, out of which 614 have already been resolved. The queries were mostly on Logistics, notifications, Customs issues, plant shutdowns and clarifications. K. Foreign Trade Policy 2015-2020 extended for one year: The present Policy which came into force on 1st April, 2015, is for 5 years and has validity upto 31st March, 2020. In view of the unprecedented current situation arising out of the pandemic Novel COVID-19, the Govt. has decided to continue relief under various export promotion schemes by granting extension of the existing Foreign Trade Policy by another one year i.e. up to 31st March, 2021. L. Government committed to identify, isolate and quarantine COVID-19 positive Tabligh Jamaat (TJ) workers in India post their congregation in Nizamuddin, Delhi COVID-19 positive cases among these workers have surfaced in Telangana. The swift action was taken with a view to identify, isolate and quarantine TJ workers who might be COVID-19 positive. Instructions were also issued by MHA to Chief Secretaries and DGsP of all States as well as CP, Delhi. The advisories were reiterated by the DIB to all State DGsP on March 28 and 29. Meanwhile, TJ workers staying in the Markaz in Nizamuddin, Delhi, were also persuaded for medical screening by State authorities and Police. By March 29, nearly 162 TJ workers were medically screened and shifted to quarantine facilities Background Tabligh Jamaat Headquarter (Markaz) is located in Nizamuddin, Delhi. Devout Muslims from across the country and also from foreign countries visit the Markaz for religious purpose. Some also move out in groups to different parts of the country for Tabligh activities. This is a continuous process throughout the year. On March 21 , approximately 824 foreign Tabligh Jamaat workers were in different parts of the country for missionary work. Besides, around 216 foreign national were staying in the Markaz. In addition, over 1500 Indian TJ workers were also staying in the Markaz while around 2100 Indian TJ workers were touring different parts of the country for missionary work. Since March 23, lockdown has been strictly imposed by State authorities/PoIice across Delhi including in and around Nizamuddin and Tabligh work came to a halt. M. Govt hikes MG-NREGS wages in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic, average increase of Rs.20: The average national increase is Rs 20. Focus of Mahatma Gandhi NREGS may be on individual beneficiary-oriented works which directly benefit SC, ST and women headed households as well as small & marginal farmers and other poor households. However, close consultation and guidance of the State as well as district authorities would be necessary to ensure that lock down conditions are not violated and norms of social distancing are scrupulously followed. N. Ministry of Tourism launches ‘Stranded in India’ portal to help foreign tourists stuck in various parts of India Comprehensive information around COVID-19 helpline numbers or call-centres that the foreign tourists can reach out to for help. A variety of information around Ministry of External Affairs control centers along with their contact information. Information around state-based/regional tourism support infrastructure. Help Support section to extend help to the ones in need of further information and connect foreign tourists to concerned authorities. O. J&K sets up Price Monitoring & Resource Unit (PMRU) by National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) PMRUs have already been set up by NPPA in 11 States, including, Kerala, Odisha, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Nagaland, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Mizoram. The PMRU, a registered society, shall function under the direct control and supervision of State Drug Controller of Jammu & Kashmir.  The unit shall be funded by NPPA for its recurring and non-recurring expenses. The PMRU shall help NPPA and State Drug Controller in ensuring availability and accessibility of medicines at affordable prices. It is also expected to organise seminars, training programs and other information, education and communication (IEC) activities in the areas of availability and affordability of medicines for all.   PMRU will also collect samples of medicines, collect and analyse data and make reports with respect to availability and over-pricing of medicines for taking action under the provisions of Drug Price Control Order (DPCO). This assumes added significance as PMRU, J&K will assist NPPA and Governments in checking overpricing and identifying causes & addressing local issues of shortages/hoarding in the current situation when country is fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. P. CBSE directs its affiliated schools to promote all students of classes I-VIII to the next class/grade: Board students studying in classes IX & XI will be promoted to next class/grade based on the school-based assessments including projects, periodic tests, term exams, etc. conducted so far. Q. Coating developed by Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) may prevent transmission of infection Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), an autonomous institution under the Department of Science and Technology, has developed a one-step curable anti-microbial coating which, when coated on different surfaces such as textile, plastic and so on could kill a range of virus types including COVID 19. This covalent coating, the research paper about which has been accepted in the journal Applied Material and Interfaces, has been found to completely kill influenza virus as well as resistant pathogenic bacteria and fungi, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and fluconazole-resistant C. albicans spp. The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has created an unprecedented stir in the global public health. Corona virus, like influenza, is also an enveloped virus. Therefore it is anticipated that the coating may inactivate SARS-CoV-2 upon contact and can help prevent contamination if coated on various surfaces. Considering the current corona virus outbreak, if shown to be active, the molecule can be synthesized in large scale through a CRO (Contract Research Organization) and can be coated on various personal protective tools such as masks, gloves, gowns, etc. in collaboration with the private organizations. The molecules can also be coated on other medical devices and tools to avoid hospital-acquired or nosocomial infections. R. RBI Allowed Banks to Declare Moratorium on Term Loans Reserve Bank of India has allowed Banks to declare a three-month moratorium on all term loans outstanding as on March 1, 2020, as well as on working capital facilities. Objective: To mitigate the burden of debt servicing brought about by disruptions on account of COVID-19 pandemic and to ensure the continuity of viable businesses. It was felt that there may be a temporary disruption in the cash flows, and in some cases loss of income, for the businesses/ individuals and the present measures work to bring relief to those businesses / individuals. Rescheduling of principal can be done for a period of three months falling due between March 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020. For example, where the last installment of a term loan falls due for payment of on say 1st March 2020, it will become payable on 1st June 2020. For EMI based term loans, it will be three EMIs falling due between 1st March 2020 and May 31st, 2020 and the tenor will be extended by three months and have to be repaid during the extended period, as per the example under (2) above. For other term loans, it will be all the installments and Interest falling due during the same period, irrespective of the tenor of payment i.e. monthly, quarterly, half yearly, annually, bullet payment etc. For term loans, where the repayment has not commenced, the interest portion for three months alone needs to be reckoned. The recovery of Interest applied to cash credit/overdraft on 31st March, 30th April and 31st May 2020 is being ‘deferred’. However, the entire interest must be recovered along with the interest being applied on 30th June 2020 and in cases, where monthly interest is not being applied, along with the next interest date. The calculation: You may take the benefits under this package if there is a disruption in your cash flows or there is loss of income. However, you must take into account that the interest on the loans, though not mandatorily payable immediately and gets postponed by 3 months, continues to accrue on your account and results in higher cost. To give you a perspective, suppose your loan outstanding is Rs 100,000 and you are charged 12 percent rate of interest on your loans, then every month you are liable to pay Rs. 1,000 as interest. In case you opt not to service the interest every month, you are liable to pay interest at 12 percent p.a. and accordingly you will pay Rs. 3,030.10 at the end of 3rd month. Similarly, in case the interest rate is 10 percent, you are required to pay Rs. 833 p.m. or Rs. 2,521 after three months. Credit card payments: The relief is available for credit card payments also. S. Launch of “Negotiable Warehouse Receipt (e-NWRs) module in National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) software Warehouse (Registered with WDRA) trading module with payment feature is launched today to enable small & marginal famers to directly trade their stored produce from selected WDRA registered warehouses which are declared deemed market by the State. Farmers will be able to place their produce in WDRA accredited warehouses. Already States of Telangana (14 warehouses) & Andhra Pradesh (23 warehouses) declared designated warehouses in the State as deemed market. Benefits of eNWRs integration with e-NAM Depositor can save the Logistics expenses and will have better income. Farmers can sell the produce across the Nation  to get better Price and at the same time  can save himself from hassle of mandi Farmers will be able to place their produce in WDRA accredited warehouses avail the benefit of pledge loan if required.  Price stabilization by matching supply and demand through time and place utility. Launch of Logistic Module: Presently, e-NAM provides a database of individual transporters to the traders. However, as a quantum response to logistic need by traders, provision has been made for linking large logistic aggregator platforms, which will provide choices to users. Traders would be able to use the link to navigate to the logistics provider’s website and select appropriate services. With these additions, more than 3,75,000/- number of trucks from large logistic providers would be added for logistic purpose. This will help in seamless transportation of agri produce. This will promote inter-State trade under e-NAM by providing online transport facilities for distant buyers. T. DRDO develops bio suit with seam sealing glue to keep health professionals fighting COVID-19 safe The suit has been prepared with the help of the industry and subjected to rigorous testing for textile parameters as well as protection against synthetic blood. The protection against synthetic blood exceeds the criteria defined for body suits by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW). The industry is geared up for production of the suit in large quantities. The DRDO has prepared a special sealant as an alternative to seam sealing tape based on the sealant used in submarine applications. Presently, bio suits prepared using this glue for seam sealing by an industry partner has cleared test at Southern India Textile Research Association (SITRA) Coimbatore. This can be a game changer for the textile industry. The DRDO can mass produce this glue through industry to support the seam sealing activity by suit manufacturers. U. COVID-19 Fact Check Unit Comes into Operation: It has been decided to constitute a COVID-19 Fact Check Unit (FCU) in the Press Information Bureau (PIB) under the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. The unit has become operational from today. It will receive messages by email at pibfactcheck@gmail.com to send response in a defined time-frame. The official version of any news on COVID-19 can be obtained from the Unit. V. Steps being taken by the Department of Agriculture Cooperation and Farmers’ Welfare for smooth harvesting of Rabi Crop and sowing of summer crop Video conference was conducted with all States and Insurance companies to review the payment of claims, status of Conduct of CCEs for Rabi 2019-20 crops, crop loss survey and implementation of Smart Sampling Technique. For facilitating farm insurance, letters issued to all States to issue passes to representatives of concerned Insurance companies for co-witnessing Crop Cutting Experiments and to relax the norms for conducting field level survey for intimation received for Post-Harvest crop losses due to unseasonal rainfall and hailstorm. Phytosanitary certification for export consignments and Import releases of plant and plant products are continuing. From the date of lockdown i. e. 24.03.2020 to 02.04.2020, a total of 3776 PSCs have been issued for export consignments and 1074 import consignments have been released. For providing support to horticulture crops necessary coordination is being done with growers, aggregators, wholesalers, mandi associations, State Horticulture Missions, for smooth transport of the commodities and to sort out all difficulties. In lockdown period, Kisan Call Centres at all 21 locations are being operated by diverting calls to individual mobile numbers of Farm Tele Advisors, who are now operating from homes. All 454 KCC seats are being operated daily between 6 AM to 10 PM. Call flow is about 15,000 to 20,000 per day. Shops of Agricultural machinery, its spare parts (including its supply chain) & repairs and shops for truck repairs on highways, preferably at fuel pumps, can remain open in order to facilitate transportation of farm produce.  Besides, tea industry, including plantations can function with maximum of 50% workers. W. DRDO develops equipment for effective sanitisation of public spaces Portable Backpack Area Sanitisation Equipment The CFEES, Delhi with the help of its industry partner has developed portable sanitisation equipment for spraying decontamination solution consisting of one per cent Hypochlorite (HYPO) solution for sanitisation of suspected area. The portable system can be mounted as a backpack and can be carried by the operations personnel. This system incorporates low pressure twin fluid (air & disinfectant liquid) technology to generate very fine mist. The system is capable of disinfecting upto 300 square metre area. The application areas can include hospital reception, doctor chambers, office spaces dealing with general public, corridors, pathways, metro and railway stations, bus stations, etc. Trolley Mounted Large Area Sanitisation Equipment The Centre with the help of its industry partner has also developed a higher capacity which is carried on a trolley. The system incorporates low pressure single fluid (disinfectant liquid) technology generating very fine mist. It is capable of disinfecting upto 3,000 square metre area. It has a tank capacity of 50 litres and has a lancing (throw) distance of 12-15 metres. This is useful for disinfecting hospitals, malls, airports, metro stations, isolation areas, quarantine centres and high risk residential areas.  Two of these systems are being provided to Delhi Police for immediate use. These can be made available to other agencies with the help of industry partners. X. Southern Naval Command Designs Training Capsule for Non-Medical Personnel The COVID core working group of Southern Naval Command has prepared a Training Capsule for Battle Field Nursing Assistant (BFNA) to train non-medical personnel who will work as force multipliers in times of emergencies. Basic concepts of Hand Hygiene, donning and doffing of PPE, concept of Biomedical waste management and carriage of casualty have been covered simply for the non-medical personnel. Y. AarogyaSetu: A multi-dimensional bridge The Government of India today launched a mobile app developed in public-private partnership to bring the people of India together in a resolute fight against COVID-19. The App, called ‘AarogyaSetu’ joins Digital India for the health and well-being of every Indian.  It will enable people to assess themselves the risk for their catching the Corona Virus infection.  It will calculate this based on their interaction with others, using cutting edge Bluetooth technology, algorithms and artificial intelligence. Once installed in a smart phone through an easy and user-friendly process, the app detects other devices with AarogyaSetu installed that come in the proximity of that phone. The app can then calculate the risk of infection based on sophisticated parameters if any of these contacts is testedpositive. The App will help the Government take necessary timely steps for assessing risk of spread of COVID-19 infection, and ensuring isolation where required. The App’s design ensures privacy-first. The personal data collected by the App is encrypted using state-of-the-art technology and stays secure on the phone till it is needed for facilitating medical intervention. Available in 11 languages, the App is ready for pan-India use from day-1 and has highly scalable architecture. Z. Manual on Homemade Protective Cover for Face and Mouth: Read here What do we know and what do we need to know about Novel Coronavirus? Infection: The virus infects the epithelial cells in the throat and lungs. SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptors on human cells, which are often found mostly in throats and lungs. Virus on your skin, lacking ACE2 expression, will be harmless. The virus enters through the by nasal passage, eyes and mouth. Our hands are the main instruments that take the virus to reach our mouth, nose and eyes. Washing hands with soap water for 20 seconds as often as possible helps prevent the infection. Infectious dosage: A dose of 700000 PFU was needed to infect a Macaque.  PFU (Plaque forming unit) is a unit of measurement of sample infectivity. Although the animal did not show any clinical symptoms, the droplets from the nose and the saliva had a viral load. Humans will need a higher dosage than 700000 PFU to get infected. An animal study on the genetically modified mice with ACE2 receptors showed that it could be infected with SARS with just 240 PFU. In comparison, it required 70,000 PFU of novel coronavirus to get infected. Infectious period: Length of time an individual can transmit the infection to others is not known precisely, but possibly up to 10-14 days. Artificially reducing the contagious period is a crucial method of reducing overall transmission. Hospitalisation, isolation, lockdown and quarantine are all effective methods. Who can infect: Anyone infected with the virus can infect even before the symptoms appear. Most carriers do not even show signs. Covering our mouth and nose when we cough or sneeze will help reduce the infection. The virus is present in the saliva, sputum and faeces of the infected person for the whole infectious period. How we infect: Transmission is mostly via droplets. This requires relatively close contact, less than 6 feet. This is why it is recommended that we stay 1.5 metres away from each other in public places such as the vegetable market or supermarket. A study done in Hong Kong shows that social distancing can reduce the spread by 44%.  Inanimate vector of disease, in particular phones, doorknobs, surfaces are a potential source for transmission, but not much is known about it. It is safe sanitise out hands after touching doorknobs, lift call buttons and counters in public places. How many we infect:  The average number of new infections caused by a typical infectious person, that is human transmissibility range (R0) is between 2.2 to 3.1. In simple word, one infected individual on the average infects about 2.2 to 3.1 persons.  By physical distancing, we can artificially reduce the actual transmissibility, thus slow the rate of infection. Where did the virus come from: It is not from eating bat soup. Once you boil, the virus is decimated. Initially, it was speculated that the SARS-CoV-2 virus jumped from bat to humans. But recent genomes study show first it must have leapt from bat to an intermediary species before it latched on to humans. Another study indicates that a lineage of SARS-CoV-2 virus was circulating in humans before the disease outbreak. How it evolved: SARS-CoV-2 has emerged either by natural selection of virulent strain in a non-human animal host before zoonotic transfer to humans or natural selection of virulent strain in humans following a zoonotic transmission. Only more studies will show which of the two is right. We still are not clear what are the mutations in SARS-CoV-2 that allowed human infection and transmission. When did  SARS-CoV2 emerge:  While here have been no documented cases of SARS-CoV2 before December 2019. However, preliminary genomic analyses suggest that the first human cases of SARS-CoV-2 appeared between mid-October and mid-December 2019. This means there was a period of unrecognised transmission in humans between the primary zoonotic event and the outbreak. Can it infect animals: The molecular modelling suggests that SARS-CoV-2 can affect besides human, bat, civet, monkey and swine cells. Does not infect domestic animals or livestock. Consuming eggs or poultry will not result in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Can one be infected twice: Once we get measles, most of us acquire life long immunity. We hardly get measles again. Experimentally infected macaques were not capable of being reinfected. Likewise, there is no evidence of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 after recovery in humans. However, how long the immunity will last is unknown. How severe is the illness: COVID-19 is not a death sentence. The majority of COVID-19 cases are mild (81%), About 15% need hospitalisation and 5% require critical care. That is the vast majority of the infected will not even need hospitalisation. Who are the most vulnerable: Healthcare workers are most susceptible. About 20% of healthcare workers in Lombardy, Italy becoming infected while providing medical care to patients. Among the general public, aged, in particular above 60 years of age and people with prior cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and respiratory conditions have a higher risk. What is the cause of the death: Most of the deaths is caused by respiratory failure or respiratory failure combined with heart damage. Leakage of fluid into the lungs, which inhibits respiration and leads to morbidity, is the primary clinical condition. At present, the treatment for COVID-19 is primarily supportive care, including ventilation if necessary. Several therapeutic trials are ongoing, and the results are awaited. Are the virus transmitted by milk sachets, or newspapers: SARS-CoV-2 can persist on plastic and stainless steel surfaces for up to 3 days. When the viral load was 10000 PFU, it lasted on newspaper and cotton cloth only for 5 minutes. Washing the milk sachets is adequate to remove the virus. Will it spread through the air: In the air, the virus can survive only up to 2.7 hours. Therefore being in open spaces such as a balcony, the terrace is no harm. Is there a less virulent strain: While many strains are being identified, studies so far have not indicated any mutations that are linked to any changes in transmission or disease severity Will, the onset of summer or rainy season, gives respite: No strong evidence exists showing a reduction in transmission with the seasonal increase in temperature and humidity.   Mahavir Jayanti The festival is considered to be the most important one for Jains and marks the birth anniversary of Lord Mahavir. Lord Mahavir was one of the most charismatic and influential spiritual leaders to have walked the earth. His messages of nonviolence, truth, honesty, selflessness and sacrifice are timeless and full of universal compassion. He preached the gospel of universal love and emphasized that all living beings, including plants and animals, are equal and deserved to be treated with love and respect. We must draw inspiration from Lord Mahavir’s life, his practice of austerity, his stress on the need to adopt a positive attitude towards life and his messages of love, tolerance and peace, especially now, when humanity is facing a formidable health crisis of the spread of COVID-19. Lord Mahavira was born at Kundagrama, Vaishali in present day Bihar. Siddartha and Trishala are parents of Mahavira Mahavira was associated with Makari Gosala Putta for 6 years, but later departed due to serious philosophical differences.  Then Mahavira joined Nigrantha sect, while Makari Gosala Putta started Ajivika religion. After Mahavira, Jainism came under the control of 11 disciples of Mahavira, namely Ganadharas Associated symbol: Lion The three principles of Jainism, also known as Triratnas (threegems), are: Right faith Right knowledge Right conduct The Four Noble Truths of Buddha are: The world is full of suffering. The cause of suffering is desire. If desires are get rid off, suffering can be removed. This can be done by following the Eightfold Path – right view right resolve right speech right conduct right livelihood right effort right mindfulness right concentration Note: According to Mahavira, a person is born in a high or in a lower varna in consequence of the sins or the virtues acquired by him in the previous birth. The Hathigumpha Inscription proves that Jainism entered Orissa and probably became the state religion within 100 years of death of Mahavira. The teachings of the Parshvanatha are collectively known as Chaturyama. It is the the "four-fold teaching" of the Parshvanath. Additionally –  What is Tirtha? A Tirtha is a religious pilgrim place.  Most tirths in India of any religion are based upon the banks of Rivers. The idea of a Tirtha is to cross the river of human miseries. A Tirthankara is a founder of a Tirtha. He achieves the enlightenment and then shows the path to others.  A Tirthankara achieves Moksha or liberation at the end of his human life. Qn: Mahamastakabhisheka, a great religious event, is associated with and done for whom of the following? Mahavira Buddha Nataraja Bahubali The Mahamastakabhisheka, refers to the abhiṣheka of the Jain images when held on a large scale. The most famous of such consecrations is the anointment of the Bahubali Gommateshwara Statue located at Shravanabelagola in Karnataka, India. It is an important Jain festival held once in every 12 years. Qn: Consider the following statements: Jainism predates Buddhism, while Buddha was older than Mahavira. Right faith, Right knowledge and Right Conduct are the ‘Triratnas’ (three gems) of Jainism. To remove all sufferings Mahavira gave an eight fold path to be followed. Which of the above statements are correct? a) 2 only b) 1 and 2 c) 2 and 3 d) All of the above Ans: b – Mahavir is considered to be 24th and the last Tirthankar. Qn: Consider the following statements with regarding to the spread of Jainism:  Mahavira spread his teaching through Sagha that consisted of women and Men.  First Jain Council was convened at Patliputra presided by Bhadrabahu who was the leader of Digambar  Second Jain Council was held at Valabhi under the chairmainship of Devardhi.  Which of the above given statements are correct?  a) 1 and 2 Only  b) 2 and 3 Only  c) 1 and 3 Only  d) All of the above  Solution (c) – Spread of Jainism Through Sangha, Mahavira spread his teaching that consists of women & Men in the organized sangha.  Under the patronage of Chandragupta Maurya, Kharaveli of Kalinga and the royal dynasties of south India such as the Gangas, the Kadambas, the Chalukyas and the Rashtrkutas. There are two sect of Jainism- Svetambar (White Clad) and Digambar (Sky clad or Naked). First Jain Council was convened at Patliputra presided by Sthaulabhadra who was the leader of Shwetambar during 3rd century BC. It resulted in the compilation of 12 Angas replacing the lost 14 Purvas. Second Council - Second Jain Council was held at Vallabhi under the chairmainship of Devardhi in 521 A.D. Connecting the dots:  Critically analyze the contributions of Mahavira to the religion and philosophy of India.  Buddha and Mahavira were dissenters first and philosophers next. Babu Jagjivan Ram Babu Jagjivan Ram, who was affectionately known as Babuji, was born on the 5th of April, 1908. He was much more than a politician where he dedicated his life fighting for the freedom of the country and bringing the voices of the oppressed communities of the country.  Crusader of Social Justice Being a Dalit leader himself, his contributions as a social reformer were immense apart from his other influences.  He was a member of the First Cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru’s interim Government where he was the youngest Minister and a member of the Constituent Assembly of India.  Babu Jagivan Ram was among the few who gave a very strong emphasis on the importance of the principles of social justice that was cherished in the Indian Constitution.  Babu Jagjivan Ram as a crusader of social justice was instrumental in the establishment of the All Indian Depressed Classes League in the year 1935. This organization primarily sought to provide welfare and equality for the untouchables in the caste ridden societies.  He is also well known for the mass organization of movements that were dedicated for the welfare of the rural labour after he became a member of the Legislative Assembly of Bihar in the year 1937.  Babu Jagjivan Ram went on to be a prominent member of the Indian National Congress where he worked whole heartedly for the party for over forty years in a wide range of port folios after which he also became the Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1977 to 1979. He was the Defence Minister of India during the Indo-Pak war of 1971, which resulted in the creation of Bangladesh.  His contribution to the Green Revolution in India and modernising Indian agriculture, during his two tenures as Union Agriculture Minister are still remembered, especially during 1974 drought when he was asked to hold the additional portfolio to tide over the food crisis.

Apr 6, 2020 RSTV Video

Central Sanskrit University Bill – Vishesh – RSTV IAS UPSC

Central Sanskrit University Bill Archives TOPIC: General Studies 2 Government schemes and policies in Education and Preservation of Language In News: Parliament passed the Central Sanskrit Universities Bill, which seeks to upgrade three deemed to be Sanskrit universities into central universities.  The Bill, which was passed by Lok Sabha in December last year, was again take up for passage as it was amended by the upper house and passed with voice vote. This bill will convert the following into into Central Sanskrit Universities: (i) Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, New Delhi (ii) Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth, New Delhi (iii) Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth, Tirupati  The Universities will:  (i) Disseminate and advance knowledge for the promotion of Sanskrit (ii) Make special provisions for integrated courses in humanities, social sciences, and science (iii) Train manpower for the overall development and preservation of Sanskrit and allied subjects Key powers and functions of the University include:  (i) Prescribing courses of study and conducting training programmes (ii) Granting degrees, diplomas, and certificates (iii) Providing facilities through a distance education system (iv) Conferring autonomous status on a college or an institution (v) Provide instructions for education in Sanskrit and allied subject Importance and uniqueness of Sanskrit and its literature Sanskrit is a scientific language and a language of wisdom. The world is looking towards Sanskrit language therefore it is being taught not only in Indian colleges and universities but also in top universities of the world. Sanskrit is a gift of India for entire humanity and it will enhance the pride of India at global level. Devnagari script is otherwise of Sanskrit only and informed that a lot of words in many Indian languages are derived from Sanskrit. Sanskrit language is not only a language but an identity of the great cultural diversity of this country and hence it is known as an unique language. Due to these factors, it has become imperative to promote the study and research in Sanskrit language. Conclusion  This is one of the landmark Bills passed by the Parliament which has fulfilled the aspirations and long standing wish of many sanskrit lovers, scholars and Sanskrit speaking people in the country. The Central University status awarded to these 3 Universities will enhance the status of these Universities and will give boost to Post Graduate, Doctoral and Post-doctoral education and Research in the field of Sanskrit and Shastraic education. This will pave way for many people from abroad to learn Sanskrit and Shastraic lore from these prestigious Central Sanskrit Universities in our country.   Must Read: Mother Language Challenges of Non-Scheduled Indian Languages Connecting the Dots: Sanskrit was a ‘laboratory’ in ancient India but unfortunately it has become a ‘temple’ now. Comment.  Why is it important to study the Sanskrit language? Discuss.