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May 7, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS हिन्दी | UPSC प्रारंभिक एवं मुख्य परीक्षा – 3rd May 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) विझिनजाम अंतर्राष्ट्रीय बंदरगाह (VIZHINJAM INTERNATIONAL SEAPORT) श्रेणी: भूगोल संदर्भ: प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी ने केरल में विझिनजाम अंतर्राष्ट्रीय बंदरगाह का उद्घाटन किया। संदर्भ का दृष्टिकोण: यह भारत में पहली ग्रीनफील्ड बंदरगाह परियोजना है, जिसे किसी राज्य सरकार द्वारा 18,000 करोड़ रुपये से अधिक के निवेश के साथ शुरू किया गया है। Learning Corner: विझिनजाम अंतर्राष्ट्रीय बंदरगाह – मुख्य तथ्य स्थान: विझिंजम, तिरुवनंतपुरम के पास, केरल विकास मॉडल: डिजाइन, निर्माण, वित्त, संचालन और हस्तांतरण (डीबीएफओटी) के आधार पर सार्वजनिक-निजी भागीदारी (पीपीपी)। केरल सरकार की इसमें 61.5% हिस्सेदारी है, अडानी पोर्ट्स एंड एसईजेड लिमिटेड (एपीएसईजेड) 28.9% हिस्सेदारी के साथ इसका संचालन करता है तथा केंद्र सरकार की इसमें 9.6% हिस्सेदारी है। सामरिक और परिचालन महत्व भारत का पहला गहरे पानी का ट्रांसशिपमेंट बंदरगाह: 24,000 टीईयू से अधिक के अल्ट्रा-बड़े कंटेनर जहाजों (यूएलसीएस) को संभालने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया। शिपिंग लेन से निकटता: यूरोप, फारस की खाड़ी और पूर्वी एशिया को जोड़ने वाले पूर्व-पश्चिम अंतर्राष्ट्रीय शिपिंग मार्ग से सिर्फ 10 समुद्री मील की दूरी पर स्थित है। देश में गहरे पानी के ट्रांसशिपमेंट बंदरगाह के बिना, भारत का 75 प्रतिशत ट्रांसशिपमेंट कार्गो श्रीलंका में कोलंबो, सिंगापुर और संयुक्त अरब अमीरात में जेबेल अली जैसे विदेशी बंदरगाहों के माध्यम से आता है। इसके परिणामस्वरूप घरेलू व्यापारियों के लिए पारगमन समय और देरी बढ़ जाती है, जिससे उन्हें प्रति कंटेनर 80 से 100 डॉलर का अतिरिक्त खर्च उठाना पड़ता है। प्राकृतिक गहराई: 24 मीटर की प्राकृतिक गहराई, जिससे ड्रेजिंग की आवश्यकता न्यूनतम हो जाती है। स्रोत : हिंदुस्तान टाइम्स This is box title श्रेणी: पर्यावरण संदर्भ: कर्नाटक सरकार ने हाल ही में ग्रेटर हेसरघट्टा ग्रासलैंड कंजर्वेशन रिजर्व की अंतिम अधिसूचना जारी की। संदर्भ का दृष्टिकोण: बेंगलुरु के निकट हेसरघट्टा का घास का मैदान क्षेत्र एक अद्वितीय पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र बनाता है तथा वनस्पतियों और जीवों की अनेक प्रजातियों का पोषण करता है, जिनमें से अनेक लुप्तप्राय हैं। Learning Corner: भारत के संरक्षण रिजर्वों का नेटवर्क इसकी संरक्षित क्षेत्र प्रणाली में एक रणनीतिक वृद्धि का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है, जो मौजूदा वन्यजीव आवासों को जोड़ने वाली भूमि को कानूनी संरक्षण प्रदान करता है, राष्ट्रीय उद्यानों और अभयारण्यों को सुरक्षित रखता है, या अद्वितीय पारिस्थितिकी प्रणालियों को संरक्षित करता है। वन्यजीव (संरक्षण) संशोधन अधिनियम, 2002 द्वारा प्रस्तुत धारा 36ए राज्य सरकारों को स्थानीय समुदायों से परामर्श के बाद सरकारी स्वामित्व वाली भूमि को संरक्षण रिजर्व घोषित करने का अधिकार देती है। प्रबंधन: संरक्षण रिजर्व प्रबंधन समिति द्वारा देखरेख, जिसमें वन अधिकारी, स्थानीय पंचायत सदस्य, गैर सरकारी संगठन और कृषि/पशुपालन प्रतिनिधि शामिल होते हैं। सामुदायिक भूमिका: पारंपरिक गतिविधियों की अनुमति देना (जैसे, चराई, जलाऊ लकड़ी इकट्ठा करना); महत्व पर्यावास संपर्क: पर्यावास विखंडन को कम करने के लिए वन्यजीव गलियारे के रूप में कार्य करना। बफर जोन: मानवजनित दबाव से सुरक्षित क्षेत्र। सामुदायिक भागीदारी: घोषणा और प्रबंधन दोनों में स्थानीय भागीदारी को अनिवार्य बनाता है, तथा हितधारक स्वामित्व को बढ़ावा देता है। पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र संरक्षण: राष्ट्रीय उद्यानों या अभयारण्यों द्वारा कवर नहीं किए गए अद्वितीय आवासों (जैसे, घास के मैदान, आर्द्रभूमि) के संरक्षण को सक्षम बनाता है। स्रोत : द हिंदू This is box title श्रेणी: कला और संस्कृति प्रसंग: हाल ही में उत्तराखंड में जीवंत एवं गहन आध्यात्मिक लोक त्योहार रम्माण मनाया गया। संदर्भ का दृष्टिकोण: रंगमंच, संगीत, ऐतिहासिक पुनर्निर्माण और पारंपरिक मौखिक और लिखित कहानियों का संयोजन, रम्माण एक बहुआयामी सांस्कृतिक कार्यक्रम है जो समुदाय की पर्यावरणीय, आध्यात्मिक और सांस्कृतिक अवधारणा को दर्शाता है, इसके संस्थापक मिथकों को याद करता है और आत्म-सम्मान की भावना को मजबूत करता है। Learning Corner: रम्माण एक धार्मिक त्यौहार और अनुष्ठानिक रंगमंच है जो गढ़वाल हिमालय में उत्तराखंड के चमोली जिले के सलूर-डुंगरा नामक जुड़वां गांवों में प्रतिवर्ष मनाया जाता है। 2009 में यूनेस्को की मानवता की अमूर्त सांस्कृतिक विरासत की प्रतिनिधि सूची में अंकित। यह इन गांवों के लिए अद्वितीय है तथा हिमालयी क्षेत्र में अन्यत्र ऐसा नहीं है। प्रमुख विशेषताऐं समय: अप्रैल के अंत में आयोजित किया जाता है, आमतौर पर बैसाखी (संक्रांति) के 9वें या 11वें दिन, जो हिंदू सौर नव वर्ष और फसल के मौसम का प्रतीक है; अनुष्ठान: इसमें रामायण का पाठ, मुखौटा नृत्य और जागर (स्थानीय किंवदंतियां) का गायन शामिल है। देवता: यह गांव के देवता भूमियाल देवता (भूमिक्षेत्रपाल) को समर्पित है, जिसके मंदिर के प्रांगण में प्रदर्शन किया जाता है; देवता को जुलूस के साथ ले जाया जाता है और वे वर्ष भर गांव के चयनित घर में निवास करते हैं। सांस्कृतिक महत्व सामुदायिक एकता: सभी जातियां भाग लेती हैं, जिससे सामाजिक सामंजस्य बढ़ता है; भूमिकाएं जाति-विशिष्ट होती हैं (उदाहरण के लिए, ब्राह्मण प्रार्थना का नेतृत्व करते हैं, भंडारी पवित्र नरसिंह मुखौटा पहनते हैं)। विरासत संरक्षण: 500 वर्ष से अधिक पुराने रम्माण में मौखिक, दृश्य और गतिज परंपराओं का मिश्रण है, जो माल नृत्य (ऐतिहासिक लड़ाई) और कूर्जोगी (सांप्रदायिक खरपतवार हटाने) जैसे प्रदर्शनों के माध्यम से गढ़वाली जीवन, आस्था और इतिहास को दर्शाता है। स्रोत : द स्टेट्समैन ऑपरेशन कगार (OPERATION KAGAR) श्रेणी: राष्ट्रीय संदर्भ: ऑपरेशन कगार के नतीजों पर चिंता व्यक्त करते हुए, सीपीआई (एम) पोलित ब्यूरो ने एक बयान में कहा कि सरकार को यह सुनिश्चित करना चाहिए कि किसी निर्दोष की जान न जाए। संदर्भ का दृष्टिकोण: माओवादियों के सफाए के लिए केंद्र सरकार द्वारा ऑपरेशन कगार शुरू किया गया है। Learning Corner: भारत का ऑपरेशन कगार एक बड़े पैमाने पर, बहु-एजेंसी आतंकवाद विरोधी पहल है जिसे 2024 में केंद्रीय गृह मंत्रालय द्वारा “लाल गलियारे” में माओवादी (नक्सली) प्रभाव को खत्म करने के लिए शुरू किया गया है, जो मुख्य रूप से छत्तीसगढ़, तेलंगाना, ओडिशा और झारखंड में है। “कगार” का अर्थ चरमपंथी नेटवर्क को ध्वस्त करने का “अंतिम मिशन” है। इसमें 100,000 से अधिक सुरक्षा कर्मियों को तैनात किया जाता है – जिसमें सीआरपीएफ, कोबरा इकाइयां, जिला रिजर्व गार्ड और राज्य पुलिस शामिल हैं – जिन्हें ड्रोन, एआई-सक्षम निगरानी और उपग्रह इमेजरी द्वारा सहायता प्रदान की जाती है। चार सूत्रीय रणनीति विद्रोहियों के गढ़ों के भीतर अग्रिम परिचालन अड्डे स्थापित करना। पुनः प्राप्त क्षेत्रों को सुरक्षित करने के लिए किलेबंद पुलिस स्टेशन बनाना। उच्च तकनीक निगरानी (ड्रोन, एआई एनालिटिक्स, उपग्रह इमेजरी) तैनात करना। उदार आत्मसमर्पण नीति दलबदलुओं को प्रोत्साहित करती है। स्रोत : द हिंदू निजी सदस्य विधेयक (PRIVATE MEMBER’S BILLS -PMBS) श्रेणी: राजनीति संदर्भ: भारत के उपराष्ट्रपति जगदीप धनखड़ ने इस बात पर जोर दिया है कि पीएमबी भारत के विधायी परिदृश्य के लिए “सोने की खान” के रूप में काम करते हैं, जो समकालीन मुद्दों के लिए दूरदर्शी समाधान प्रस्तुत करते हैं। संदर्भ का दृष्टिकोण: स्वतंत्रता के बाद से अब तक केवल 14 पीएमबी पारित हुए हैं और उन्हें राष्ट्रपति की स्वीकृति प्राप्त हुई है, तथा 1970 के बाद से कोई भी दोनों सदनों से पारित नहीं हो सका है। 18वीं लोकसभा में अब तक केवल 20 सांसदों ने पीएमबी पेश किए हैं। 2024 के उद्घाटन और बजट सत्र के दौरान, लोकसभा में 64 पीएमबी पेश किए गए, लेकिन एक पर भी चर्चा नहीं हुई। Learning Corner: निजी बिल प्राइवेट मेंबर बिल एक विधायी प्रस्ताव है जिसे संसद सदस्य (एमपी) द्वारा पेश किया जाता है जो मंत्री नहीं होता है। ये बिल व्यक्तिगत एमपी के विचारों को दर्शाते हैं, न कि सरकार के विचारों को। प्रमुख विशेषताऐं किसी ऐसे सांसद द्वारा प्रस्तुत किया जा सकता है जो मंत्री नहीं है (अर्थात निजी सदस्य)। इसका उद्देश्य उन क्षेत्रों में विधायी हस्तक्षेप करना है जिन पर सांसद को ध्यान देने की आवश्यकता महसूस होती है। सांसद द्वारा या कानूनी विशेषज्ञों की सहायता से तैयार किया गया। स्वीकार्यता का निर्णय पीठासीन अधिकारी (लोकसभा में अध्यक्ष, राज्य सभा में सभापति) द्वारा किया जाएगा। आवंटित समय: दोनों सदनों में शुक्रवार का दिन पीएमबी पर चर्चा के लिए आरक्षित है। वर्ष विधेयक /बिल निम्न द्वारा प्रस्तुत नतीजा 1956 हिंदू विवाह (संशोधन) विधेयक आनंद नारायण मुल्ला पारित – पहली बार पीएमबी कानून बना 1969 विधानमंडल की कार्यवाही (प्रकाशन संरक्षण) विधेयक पीलू मोदी पारित 2015 ट्रांसजेंडर व्यक्तियों के अधिकार विधेयक तिरुचि शिवा (राज्यसभा) राज्यसभा में पारित (लोकसभा में नहीं) – बाद में सरकारी विधेयक बना 2019 विवाह में महिलाओं के अधिकार संरक्षण विधेयक के.जे. अल्फोंस पारित नहीं हुआ – वैवाहिक बलात्कार पर बहस छिड़ गई प्रक्रिया नोटिस अवधि: किसी निजी सदस्य को कम से कम एक महीने का नोटिस देना होगा। इसके बाद विधेयक को प्रस्तुतीकरण के लिए सूचीबद्ध किया जाता है, जिसके बाद सरकारी विधेयकों की तरह चर्चा और मतदान होता है। शायद ही कभी पारित किया जाता है – ज्यादातर मुद्दों को उजागर करने, सरकार पर दबाव डालने या बहस शुरू करने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है। संवैधानिक एवं संसदीय प्रावधान अनुच्छेद 107: संसद में विधेयक प्रस्तुत करने की प्रक्रिया को परिभाषित करता है। प्रक्रिया एवं कार्य संचालन नियम (लोकसभा नियम 66-69; राज्य सभा नियम 62-67) पीएमबी से संबंधित हैं। स्रोत : द हिंदू Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs दैनिक अभ्यास प्रश्न: Q1. स्वतंत्र भारत में कानून बनने वाला पहला निजी सदस्य विधेयक किससे संबंधित था ? हिंदू विवाह अधिनियम संशोधन दलबदल विरोधी कानून लोकपाल विधेयक शिक्षा का अधिकार Q2.हाल ही में समाचारों में देखे गए “ऑपरेशन कगार” के संदर्भ में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए : यह एक बहु-एजेंसी आतंकवाद विरोधी अभियान है जिसका उद्देश्य कई राज्यों में माओवादी नेटवर्क को ध्वस्त करना है। यह कार्य केवल छत्तीसगढ़ और झारखंड राज्यों तक ही सीमित है। इसमें ड्रोन और उपग्रह इमेजरी जैसी उन्नत निगरानी प्रौद्योगिकियों का उपयोग शामिल है। ऑपरेशन कगार में माओवादी कार्यकर्ताओं को आत्मसमर्पण और पुनर्वास के विकल्प प्रदान करने वाला एक घटक शामिल है। उपर्युक्त में से कौन से कथन सत्य हैं? केवल 1 और 2 केवल 1, 3 और 4 केवल 2 और 3 1, 2, 3 और 4 Q3.रम्माण महोत्सव के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं? इसे यूनेस्को द्वारा मानवता की अमूर्त सांस्कृतिक विरासत के भाग के रूप में मान्यता दी गई है। यह पूर्वी हिमालय के कई गांवों में मनाया जाता है। इस उत्सव में अनुष्ठानिक रंगमंच, मुखौटा नृत्य और रामायण जैसे महाकाव्यों का पाठ शामिल होता है। इस त्यौहार के दौरान पूजे जाने वाले मुख्य देवता भूमियाल देवता हैं। नीचे दिए गए कोड का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें: केवल 1, 2 और 3 केवल 1, 3 और 4 केवल 2 और 4 1, 2, 3 और 4 Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR 2nd May – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – c Q.2) – c Q.3) – c

May 7, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 3rd May 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) VIZHINJAM INTERNATIONAL SEAPORT Category: GEOGRAPHY Context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Vizhinjam International Seaport in Kerala. Decoding the context: This is the first Greenfield port project in India, initiated by a state Government with an investment exceeding ₹18,000 crores. Learning Corner: Vizhinjam International Seaport – Key Facts Location: Vizhinjam, near Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala Development Model: Public-Private Partnership (PPP) on a Design, Build, Finance, Operate, and Transfer (DBFOT) basis. Kerala government holds 61.5% stake, Adani Ports and SEZ Ltd (APSEZ) operates it, with a 28.9% stake, and the Union government holds 9.6%. Strategic and Operational Significance India’s First Deepwater Transshipment Port: Designed to handle ultra-large container ships (ULCS) exceeding 24,000 TEUs. Proximity to Shipping Lanes: Located just 10 nautical miles from the east-west international shipping route connecting Europe, the Persian Gulf, and East Asia. Without a deepwater transhipment port in the country, 75 per cent of India’s transhipment cargo comes through foreign ports like Colombo in Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Jebel Ali in the UAE. This results in longer transit times and delays for domestic traders, costing them an additional $80 to $100 per container. Natural Depth: Boasts a natural depth of 24 meters, minimizing dredging requirements. Source : Hindustan Times CONSERVATION RESERVE Category: ENVIRONMENT Context: The Government of Karnataka issued the final notification of the Greater Hesaraghatta Grassland Conservation Reserve recently. Decoding the context: The grassland region in Hesaraghatta forms a unique ecosystem close to Bengaluru and supports numerous species of flora and fauna, many of which are endangered. Learning Corner: India’s network of Conservation Reserves represents a strategic addition to its protected area system, providing legal protection to lands that link existing wildlife habitats, buffer national parks and sanctuaries, or preserve unique ecosystems. Introduced by the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002, Section 36A empowers State Governments to declare government-owned lands as Conservation Reserves after consulting local communities. Management: Overseen by a Conservation Reserve Management Committee, including forest officials, local panchayat members, NGOs, and agriculture/animal husbandry representatives. Community Role: Permits traditional activities (e.g., grazing, firewood collection); Significance Habitat Connectivity: Serve as wildlife corridors to reduce habitat fragmentation. Buffer Zones: Cushion core protected areas from anthropogenic pressure. Community Participation: Mandates local involvement in both declaration and management, fostering stakeholder ownership. Ecosystem Preservation: Enables protection of unique habitats (e.g., grasslands, wetlands) not covered by national parks or sanctuaries. Source : The Hindu RAMMAN FESTIVAL Category: ART & CULTURE Context: The vibrant and deeply spiritual folk festival of Ramman was celebrated in Uttarakhand recently. Decoding the context: Combining theatre, music, historical reconstructions, and traditional oral and written tales, the Ramman is a multiform cultural event that reflects the environmental, spiritual and cultural concept of the community, recounting its founding myths and strengthening its sense of self-worth. Learning Corner: Ramman is a religious festival and ritual theatre celebrated annually in the twin villages of Saloor-Dungra, Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, in the Garhwal Himalayas. Inscribed in 2009 on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It is unique to these villages and not replicated elsewhere in the Himalayan region. Key Features Timing: Held in late April, typically 9th or 11th day after Baisakhi (Sankranti), marking the Hindu Solar New Year and harvest season; Rituals: Involves recitation of the Ramayana, masked dances, and singing of Jagar (local legends). Deity: Dedicated to Bhumiyal Devta (Bhumichetrapal), the village deity, with performances in the courtyard of his temple; the deity is taken in a procession and resides in a selected village household for the year. Cultural Significance Community Unity: All castes participate, fostering social cohesion; roles are caste-specific (e.g., Brahmins lead prayers, Bhandaris wear the sacred Narasimha mask). Heritage Preservation: Over 500 years old, Ramman blends oral, visual, and kinetic traditions, reflecting Garhwali life, faith, and history through performances like Maal Nritya (historical battles) and Koorjogi (communal weed removal). Source : The statesman OPERATION KAGAR Category: NATIONAL Context: Expressing concern over the fallout of Operation Kagar,, the CPI(M) Polit Bureau in a statement said that the government must ensure that no innocent lives are lost. Decoding the context: Operation Kagar launched by the central government to eliminate Maoists. Learning Corner: India’s Operation Kagar is a large-scale, multi-agency counter-insurgency initiative launched by the Union Home Ministry in 2024 to eradicate Maoist (Naxalite) influence across the “Red Corridor,” primarily in Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Odisha, and Jharkhand. “Kagar” signifies a “final mission” to dismantle the extremist network. It mobilizes over 100,000 security personnel—including the CRPF, CoBRA units, District Reserve Guards and state police—supported by drones, AI-enabled surveillance, and satellite imagery. Four pronged strategy Establish Forward Operating Bases deep within insurgent strongholds. Build Fortified Police Stations to secure reclaimed areas. Deploy High-Tech Surveillance (drones, AI analytics, satellite imagery). Generous Surrender Policy encouraging defectors. Source : The Hindu PRIVATE MEMBER’S BILLS (PMBS) Category: POLITY Context: The Vice President of India, Jagdeep Dhankhar, has emphasized that PMBs serve as a “gold mine” for India’s legislative landscape, offering forward-looking solutions to contemporary issues. Decoding the context: Since Independence, only 14 PMBs have been passed and received presidential assent and none has cleared both Houses since 1970. In the 18th Lok Sabha, only 20 MPs have introduced PMBs so far. During the inaugural and Budget Sessions of 2024, 64 PMBs were introduced in the Lok Sabha, but not a single one was discussed. Learning Corner: FA Private Member’s Bill is a legislative proposal introduced by a Member of Parliament (MP) who is not a minister. These bills reflect the individual MP’s views, not that of the government. Key Features Introduced by any MP who is not a Minister (i.e., private member). Aimed at legislative intervention in areas the MP feels require attention. Drafted by the MP or with help from legal experts. Admissibility decided by the Presiding Officer (Speaker in Lok Sabha; Chairman in Rajya Sabha). Allocated time: Fridays are reserved in both Houses for discussion of PMBs. Year Bill Introduced By Outcome 1956 Hindu Marriage (Amendment) Bill Anand Narain Mulla Passed – first ever PMB to become law 1969 Proceedings of Legislature (Protection of Publication) Bill Piloo Mody Passed 2015 Rights of Transgender Persons Bill Tiruchi Siva (Rajya Sabha) Passed in RS (not LS) – led to govt bill later 2019 Protection of Rights of Women in Marriage Bill K.J. Alphons Not passed – generated debate on marital rape Procedure Notice period: A private member must give at least one month’s notice. The bill is then listed for introduction, followed by discussion and voting, similar to government bills. Rarely passed – mostly used to highlight issues, pressure the government, or start debate. Constitutional & Parliamentary Provisions Article 107: Defines the procedure of introducing bills in Parliament. Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business (Lok Sabha Rules 66–69; Rajya Sabha Rules 62–67) deal with PMBs. Source : The Hindu Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.The first Private Member’s Bill to become a law in independent India was related to: A. Hindu Marriage Act Amendment B. Anti-defection Law C. Lokpal Bill D. Right to Education Q2. With reference to “Operation Kagar”, recently seen in news, consider the following statements: It is a multi-agency counter-insurgency operation aimed at dismantling Maoist networks across multiple states. The operation is limited to the states of Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand only. It involves the use of advanced surveillance technologies like drones and satellite imagery. Operation Kagar includes a component offering surrender and rehabilitation options to Maoist cadres. Which of the statements given above are correct? A. 1 and 2 only B. 1, 3 and 4 only C. 2 and 3 only D. 1, 2, 3 and 4 Q3.Which of the following statements about the Ramman Festival is/are correct? It is recognized by UNESCO as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It is celebrated in multiple villages across the Eastern Himalayas. The festival includes ritual theatre, masked dances, and the recitation of epics like the Ramayana. The main deity worshipped during the festival is Bhumiyal Devta. Select the correct answer using the code below: A. 1, 2 and 3 only B. 1, 3 and 4 only C. 2 and 4 only D. 1, 2, 3 and 4 Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR 2nd May – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – c Q.2) – c Q.3) – c

May 7, 2025 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2025 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 6th May 2025

The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don’t forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 After completing the 5 questions, click on ‘View Questions’ to check your score, time taken, and solutions. .To take the Test Click Here

May 7, 2025 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2025 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 7th May 2025

The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don’t forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 After completing the 5 questions, click on ‘View Questions’ to check your score, time taken, and solutions. .To take the Test Click Here

May 7, 2025 Important Articles

[MOCK TEST] IASbaba’s All India Mock Test for UPSC Prelims 2025 on 10th May (Saturday) and 17th May (Saturday). Available in Offline & Online Mode.

Hello Aspirants, We understand how this season might affect you… Some of you must be pouring cup after cup of ☕☕ chai/coffee and sitting under the study lamp to cram in every passing minute to make sure you do not miss out on anything… The restlessness and the desire to perform the best are real! But here’s one thing that you can do (some of you are already aware of this Magic Pill)💊💊💊 This Magic Pill in layman’s language is called :- PRACTICE So, what ‘Magic’ does this Magic 💊 bring in your life? Magic 1: Relieves you off the pressure of performing on that 1 day. Because your body and mind get used to the number of questions you are supposed to be attempting, the way your brain starts working while thinking of solutions, the way your heart beats when you come across something out of the unknown and then slowly starts normalizing… Basically, you are training your mind and body both to calm down… Magic 2: You learn things which you might have missed out on. Rather than learning from the same source, you get to fill in the gaps. So, who wouldn’t in their right mind want something like that….? We all want to stay one notch ahead, isn’t it? This is the right moment to turn on your engines and put all your energy in that FINAL revision and practice. To ensure that you get to experience the UPSC’s interface closely and become attuned to it, we have decided to conduct… We Thank You For The Overwhelming Response For Previous Mock Tests. All India Mock Tests on 10th May & 17th May (Saturday) Note: We have introduced Rs.10/- as registration fee for OFFLINE & ONLINE mode. The registration fee of Rs.10/- is just a token amount for providing access/hall tickets only. This amount will not be considered an exam fee. We are collecting the fees to avoid unwanted/spam registrations. Register For 10th May Mocks Register For 17th May Mocks This is the right time to gain momentum that by the time you are in the examination hall, you are at peak of your performance. If you can achieve that, no one will be able to stop you from qualifying the exam. The questions of these mocks will be made by experts from the IASbaba team which have been analysing the language and trend of UPSC. Hence you can be sure that these mocks will be closest to the language and difficulty level of UPSC. All India Mock Tests - UPSC 2025 10th & 17th May 2025 Paper 1 (General Studies) 9:30 AM to 11:30 AM Paper 2 (CSAT) 12:30 PM to 2:30 PM Centres for UPSC 2025 - All India Mock Test Delhi: IASbaba, 56/3 First Floor, Bazar Marg, Old Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi – 60 (Opposite Grover Mithaiwala) Bengaluru: IASbaba Headquarters (HQ), 2nd floor, Ganapathi Circle, 80 Feet Rd, Chandra Layout, Bengaluru – 72 * Centres are tentative, we will notify you via email if there are any changes. Register For 10th May Mocks Register For 17th May Mocks P.S. Since the seats are limited at any given centre, you must register soon through the following link The students who are enrolled in Gurukul Advanced, PT20 Prelims Test Series, TLP Connect or Prelims Exclusive Program (PEP) need not appear for the test. Are you ready? All the very best!

May 6, 2025 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series

[DAY 44] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 GEOGRAPHY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

May 6, 2025 Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz – 2025 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 5th May 2025

The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” Important Note: Don’t forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 After completing the 5 questions, click on ‘View Questions’ to check your score, time taken, and solutions. .To take the Test Click Here

May 6, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 24 April 2025

Archives (PRELIMS & MAINS Focus) MATI CARBON AND ENHANCED ROCK WEATHERING (ERW) TECHNOLOGY Category: ENVIRONMENT Context: Mati Carbon, an Indian-led climate initiative has secured the $50 million grand prize in the XPRIZE Carbon Removal competition, outshining over 1,300 teams from 112 countries. Decoding the context: Mati Carbon uses an Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) model, which captures carbon dioxide (CO2) while boosting crop yields for smallholder farmers. This offers a rare synergy of environmental and social impact. Learning Corner: Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) Model is a geoengineering technique that accelerates the natural weathering of silicate rocks (e.g., basalt) to capture atmospheric CO₂, converting it into stable bicarbonates or carbonates stored in soil, groundwater, or oceans for 10,000+ years. Process: Finely crushed basalt is spread on agricultural lands. CO₂ in rainwater reacts with the rock, forming bicarbonates that lock carbon away while releasing nutrients (calcium, magnesium) to enhance soil fertility. Benefits: Carbon Sequestration: Can remove 2-4 tonnes CO₂ per hectare annually; potential to scale to gigaton levels. Agricultural Gains: Increases crop yields by 20-25% by improving soil health; reduces fertilizer use. Climate Resilience: Benefits smallholder farmers in the Global South (e.g., India, Zambia) by addressing soil degradation. Additional Information – The XPRIZE Carbon Removal is a $100 million global competition funded by the Musk Foundation, aimed at incentivizing innovative solutions for carbon dioxide removal. Source : Indian Express INLAND WATERWAYS Category: GEOGRAPHY Context: India achieved a record 145.5 million tonnes cargo movement on inland waterways in FY 2024–25, up from 18.1 MMT in FY 2013–14, registering a CAGR of 20.86%. Decoding the context: The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, has expanded the number of National Waterways (NWs) from 5 to 111 under the National Waterways Act, 2016. Learning Corner: Overview of Inland Waterways India has 14,500 km of navigable waterways (rivers, canals, backwaters, creeks); 5,685 km are navigable by mechanized vessels. Managed by the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), formed in 1986 under the Inland Waterways Authority of India Act, 1985. Infrastructure Development Operational Length: Expanded from 2,716 km in 2014–15 to 4,894 km in 2023–24. Key Initiatives: Construction of Multi-Modal Terminals (MMTs) and Inter-Modal Terminals (IMTs). Development of community jetties and floating terminals. Implementation of navigational locks and fairway maintenance. Jalvahak Scheme (2024): ₹95.42 crore budget; offers 35% reimbursement on operating costs to shift cargo to IWT; targets 800 million tonne-km diversion. Tonnage Tax (2025): Extended to inland vessels, reducing tax burden and encouraging adoption. Private Investment: National Waterways (Construction of Jetties/Terminals) Regulations, 2025, notified to attract private funds. Digital Solutions: CAR-D, PANI portals for ease of business; Naudarshika for navigation safety. Key National Waterways in India National Waterway 1 (NW-1): Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly River System Route: Haldia (West Bengal) to Prayagraj (Uttar Pradesh) Length: 1,620 km States Covered: West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh Significance: Longest national waterway; facilitates cargo movement between eastern and northern India. National Waterway 2 (NW-2): Brahmaputra River Route: Dhubri to Sadiya (Assam) State Covered: Assam Significance: Vital for connectivity in the Northeast; supports trade and transportation in Assam. National Waterway 3 (NW-3): West Coast Canal Route: Kottapuram to Kollam, including Champakara and Udyogmandal Canals (Kerala) State Covered: Kerala Significance: First waterway with all-weather navigability; crucial for cargo and passenger movement in Kerala. National Waterway 4 (NW-4): Godavari & Krishna Rivers and Canals Route: Kakinada (Andhra Pradesh) to Puducherry, NW-4 runs along the Coromandal Coast through Kakinada, Eluru, Commanur, Buckingham Canals and also through part of Krishna and Godavari rivers. States Covered: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry Significance: Enhances connectivity in the southern states; supports agricultural and industrial transport. Source : PIB VATICAN CITY Category: GEOGRAPHY Context: The death of Pope Francis has triggered a period of mourning across the globe, and tens of thousands of people flocked to the Vatican to pay their respects. Decoding the context: Francis, the first Latin American pope in history, died at the age of 88. Learning Corner: Vatican City, an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy, is the smallest sovereign state in the world by area (44 hectares) and population (~800, 2025). Established by the Lateran Treaty (1929) between the Holy See and Italy, granting sovereignty to the Pope, who is both the spiritual leader of the Catholic Church and head of state. Political Structure Government: Absolute monarchy; the Pope holds legislative, executive, and judicial powers. The Holy See (Sancta Sedes) is the central governing body of the Catholic Church and a distinct international legal entity; key bodies include the Secretariat of State and the Roman Curia. Legal System: Based on canon law, with the Pope as the supreme judge. Vatican City issues its own passports, coins (Euro), stamps, and license plates, but relies on Italy for defense. Cultural and Religious Significance Religious Role: Spiritual center for Catholics; the Pope influences global moral and ethical issues. UNESCO Sites: Vatican City is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (1984) for its art, architecture (e.g., Michelangelo’s Pietà), and historical archives (Vatican Library, 75 km of shelving). Diplomacy: Maintains diplomatic relations with 183 countries (2025). India-Vatican Relations: Diplomatic relations between India and The Holy See were established soon after India’s independence in 1948. In 2023, India and the Holy See celebrated the 75th anniversary of the establishment of bilateral diplomatic relations. India’s Ambassador to Austria, resident in Vienna, is concurrently accredited to the Holy See which maintains a Nunciature (Embassy) in New Delhi, presently headed by a Nuncio (Ambassador). Source : CNN 4TH GLOBAL CORAL BLEACHING EVENT Category: ENVIRONMENT Context: The most intense global coral bleaching event on record is still ongoing, according to scientists. One year on from the official declaration of the fourth global coral bleaching event by the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI), bleaching alerts continue to develop across the world. Decoding the context: The main cause of large-scale coral bleaching events is higher ocean temperatures. Last year was the hottest on record and the first to reach over 1.5°C warmer than pre-industrial times, due to human-induced climate change. This contributed to record-breaking ocean temperatures. Learning Corner: Coral Bleaching Corals have a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae (algae) that live in their tissues. These algae provide 90% of the coral’s energy through photosynthesis and give corals their color. When stressed, mainly due to elevated sea surface temperatures, corals expel the algae, turning white — this is coral bleaching. Bleached corals are not dead but are weakened and may die if stress continues. Causes: Primarily driven by marine heatwaves (ocean warming), ocean acidification, pollution, and overfishing; 2024 saw record ocean temperatures (1.5°C above pre-industrial levels). Four Global Bleaching Events 1st Event (1998): Affected 21% of reefs; linked to El Niño; Great Barrier Reef (GBR) saw 50% bleaching. 2nd Event (2010): Impacted 37% of reefs; Indian Ocean reefs (e.g., Seychelles) lost 90% coral cover. 3rd Event (2014-2017): Hit 68% of reefs; GBR faced back-to-back bleaching (2016-17), losing 50% shallow-water corals. 4th Event (2023–Ongoing): Most intense; 84% reefs affected (82 countries) by March 2025; GBR saw 95% mortality in Acropora corals; Florida reefs hit 101°F (2023), causing near-total die-offs. Source : ICRI CABINET COMMITTEE ON SECURITY (CCS) Category: POLITY Context: Noting “the cross-border linkages of the terrorist attack” in Pahalgam on Tuesday (April 22) that led to the deaths of 26 people, the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) on Wednesday announced a series of extraordinary retaliatory measures against Pakistan. Decoding the context: CCS meetings have been called during major events in India’s history, including the wars with Pakistan, the Kargil conflict and the Kandahar hijack. Learning Corner: What are Cabinet committees, in general? Following elections, once a Union Cabinet is sworn in and portfolios are allocated, the next step is the formation of the high-profile Cabinet committees. The Prime Minister sets up these committees with selected members of the Cabinet and assigns specific functions to these committees; both may later be modified. The membership of each committee varies from three to eight. Usually, only Cabinet ministers are members of these committees. If the Prime Minister himself is a member of any such committee, he acts as the head of that committee. There are eight Cabinet committees at present, including on issues such as Economic Affairs, Political Affairs, and Parliamentary Affairs. All committees except the Cabinet Committee on Accommodation and the Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs are headed by the PM. Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) The Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) is the apex decision-making body in the Government of India on matters related to the country’s security, defence policy, and nuclear strategy. Members: Prime Minister (Chairperson), Minister of Defence, Minister of Home Affairs, Minister of Finance, Minister of External Affairs. Others like the NSA (National Security Advisor), Cabinet Secretary, or Chiefs of Armed Forces may be invited but are not permanent members. Source : Indian Express Practice MCQs Daily Practice MCQs Q1.With reference to the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS), consider the following statements: It is a statutory body under the Ministry of Defence. The National Security Advisor is a permanent member of the CCS. The CCS is chaired by the Prime Minister of India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? A. 3 only B. 1 and 2 only C. 2 and 3 only D. 1, 2, and 3 Q2.Consider the following statements about coral bleaching: Coral bleaching is a sign of coral death. The fourth global coral bleaching event has been linked to ocean warming caused by human-induced climate change. Coral reefs in India are protected only under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? A. 2 only B. 2 and 3 only C. 1 and 2 only D. 1, 2, and 3 Q3.Consider the following statements: Vatican City is an absolute theocratic monarchy. The Holy See and Vatican City are the same and can be used interchangeably. Vatican City is a full member of the United Nations. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? A. 1 only B. 1 and 3 only C. 2 and 3 only D. 1, 2, and 3 Comment the answers to the above questions in the comment section below!! ANSWERS FOR ’ Today’s – Daily Practice MCQs’ will be updated along with tomorrow’s Daily Current Affairs ANSWERS FOR 23 April – Daily Practice MCQs Answers- Daily Practice MCQs Q.1) – b Q.2) – b Q.3) – c

May 6, 2025 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs

[DAY 43] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 GEOGRAPHY, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

May 5, 2025 IASbaba Prelims 60 Day Plan

[DAY 42] 60 DAY RAPID REVISION (RaRe) SERIES for UPSC Prelims 2025 ENVIRONMENT, CURRENT AFFAIRS & CSAT TEST SERIES!

Hello Friends The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year. It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday) Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule. It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday) Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Friday) CSAT has been an Achilles heel for many aspirants. Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published. Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 10 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (35 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis. To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE Important Note Comment your Scores in the Comment Section. This will keep you accountable, responsible and sincere in days to come. It will help us come out with the Cut-Off on a Daily Basis. Let us know if you enjoyed today’s test 🙂 You can post your comments in the given format (1) Your Score (2) Matrix Meter (3) New Learning from the Test The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2025 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025. Click Here To Take The Test -> Click Here

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