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[Day 55] IASBABA का इंटीग्रेटेड रिवीज़न प्लान (IRP) 2020 - [12th AUGUST, 2020]

For Previous IRP (Hindi & English ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE   हाल ही में UPSC द्वारा COVID-19 को देखते हुए प्रारंभिक परीक्षा-2020 के लिए नई तिथि 4 अक्टूबर, 2020 की घोषणा की गयी है। ऐसे में इन 100 दिनों का सदुपयोग सही दिशा में करना अति महत्त्वपूर्ण हो गया है। इसको देखते हुए IASBABA टीम द्वारा इष्टतम लाभ प्राप्त करने के लिए 10 जून 2020 से इंटीग्रेटेड रिवीज़न प्लान-2020 लांच किया गया है, जिससे एक बार पुनः परीक्षा से संबंधित संपूर्ण पाठ्यक्रम का समुचित रिवीज़न किया जा सके।   इंटीग्रेटेड रिवीज़न प्लान (IRP) 2020 के महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य: IRP 2020 एक निःशुल्क पहल है, जिसे आपको अगले 100 दिनों के लिए केंद्रित रखने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है! कार्यक्रम 10 जून 2020 से आरंभ होगा। यह सप्ताह में 6 दिन चलेगा। रविवार को अवकाश होगा - आप इस समय का उपयोग रिवीज़न और वैकल्पिक विषय के लिए कर सकते हैं। इसमें आपकी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा और मुख्य परीक्षा दोनों की तैयारी शामिल हैं। प्रतिदिन आधार पर - प्रारंभिक परीक्षा - 5 करंट अफेयर्स संबंधी बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न, 10 स्टेटिक भाग जैसे इतिहास, भूगोल, राजव्यवस्था, अर्थशास्त्र एवं पर्यावरण आदि संबंधी बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न होंगे। प्रतिदिन आधार पर - मुख्य परीक्षा - TLP - 3 प्रश्न मुख्य परीक्षा संबंधी GS1, GS2, GS3 को कवर करते हुए पोस्ट किया जाएगा। इन 3 प्रश्नों में से 2 स्टेटिक भाग से और 1 करंट अफेयर्स से होंगे। GS 4 (नीतिशास्त्र) और निबंध पर विशेष जोर - प्रत्येक सप्ताह (शुक्रवार को) 3 प्रश्न पोस्ट किए जाएंगे। इसमें 2 नैतिकता सिद्धांत एवं 1 प्रश्न केस स्टडी पर आधारित होंगे। प्रत्येक शनिवार को 4 निबंध दिए जाएंगे (इसमें 2 सामान्य थीम आधारित और 2 दार्शनिक विषय पर आधारित होंगे) हिंदी माध्यम में प्रश्न शाम 5 बजे (5 PM) अपलोड किए जाएंगे। पहल के बारे में अधिक जानने के लिए -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and  EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” IASbaba's Daily Static Quiz - GEOGRAPHY Q.1) लैटेराइट मिट्टी के संबंध में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें ये मिट्टी उच्च तापमान और उच्च वर्षा वाले क्षेत्रों में विकसित होती है। ह्यूमस (Humus) की मात्रा कम होती है क्योंकि अधिकांश सूक्ष्मजीव, विशेष रूप से अपघटक (decomposers) उच्च तापमान के कारण नष्ट हो जाते हैं। उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं?  केवल 1 केवल 2 1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.2) पीटमय मृदा (Peaty Soils) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें- ये आम तौर पर भारी वर्षा और उच्च आर्द्रता वाले क्षेत्रों में पायी जाती हैं पीटमय मृदा में वनस्पति का विकास अत्यधिक होता है इस मृदा की प्रकृति क्षारीय होती है उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं?  केवल 1 और 2  केवल 1 और 3  केवल 1, 2 और 3  केवल 2 और 3  Q.3) मोंट्रेक्स रिकॉर्ड (Montreux Record) के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें- यह रामसर सूची (Ramsar List) के एक भाग के रूप में होती है। वर्तमान में, भारत की दो आद्रभूमियां (wetlands) मोंट्रेक्स रिकॉर्ड (Montreux Record) के अंतर्गत हैं - केवलादेव राष्ट्रीय उद्यान (राजस्थान) और लोकटक झील (मणिपुर) चिलिका झील (ओडिशा) को रिकॉर्ड में रखा गया था लेकिन बाद में इसे रिकॉर्ड से हटा दिया गया उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं?  केवल 1 और 2  केवल 1 और 3  केवल 1, 2 और 3  केवल 2 और 3  Q.4) हाल के वर्षों में भारत में, दक्षिणी और पश्चिमी राज्यों विशेषकर महाराष्ट्र में चीनी मिलों के स्थानांतरित होने और संकेंद्रित होने की प्रवृत्ति के क्या कारण हैं? प्रायद्वीपीय भारत में उष्णकटिबंधीय जलवायु है जो गन्ने की फसल के लिए उपयुक्त है, इसलिए दक्षिण में उपज (yield) अधिक होती है। दक्षिणी राज्यों में गन्ने में सुक्रोज की मात्रा भी अधिक होती है। क्रशिंग सीज़न (Crushing Season) भी उत्तर में 3 या 4 महीने की तुलना में बहुत लंबा यानी 7 या 8 महीने तक का है  उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं?  केवल 1 और 2  केवल 1 और 3  केवल 1, 2 और 3  केवल 2 और 3  Q.5) कोयले के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें एन्थ्रेसाइट कोयला (Anthracite Coal) में लगभग 90% कार्बन की मात्रा तथा बहुत अल्प धुआं और राख सामग्री होती है। लिग्नाइट (Lignite) को भूरे कोयले के रूप में भी जाना जाता है। बिटुमिन (Bituminous) भारत में सबसे सामान्य रूप से पाया जाता है तथा इसका इस्तेमाल कोक (coke) बनाने में भी किया जाता है। उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही है / हैं?  केवल 1 और 2  केवल 1 और 3  केवल 1, 2 और 3  केवल 2 और 3  Q.6) प्राकृतिक वनस्पति (natural vegetation) की विशेषताओं पर विचार करें: इस प्रकार के वन 100 से 200 सेमी प्रति वर्ष की मध्यम वर्षा वाले क्षेत्रों में पाए जाते हैं लगभग 27 डिग्री सेल्सियस का औसत वार्षिक तापमान औसत सापेक्ष आर्द्रता 60 से 70% इस प्रकार के जंगल ओडिशा और पश्चिम बंगाल के कुछ हिस्सों में पाए जाते हैं नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से वनस्पति के प्रकार की पहचान करें: भूमध्यसागरीय झाड़ीदार भूमि (Mediterranean Shrublands) उष्णकटिबंधीय आर्द्र सदाबहार वन (Tropical wet evergreen Forests) उष्णकटिबंधीय शुष्क सदाबहार वन (Tropical dry evergreen forests) उष्णकटिबंधीय नम पर्णपाती वन (Tropical Moist deciduous Forests) Q.7) ब्रिटिश प्रकार की जलवायु () के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें। इस प्रकार की जलवायु में प्राकृतिक वनस्पति पर्णपाती वन होते हैं जो ठंड के मौसम में अपने पत्तों को गिरा देते हैं, ताकि सर्दियों में बर्फ और पाले (snow & frost) से स्वयं को संरक्षित कर सके। उत्तरी अमेरिका में ब्रिटिश प्रकार की जलवायु मुख्य रूप से ब्रिटिश कोलंबिया के तटीय क्षेत्रों तक ही सीमित है। उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही नहीं है / हैं?  केवल 1 केवल 2 1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.8) सूची I के साथ सूची II का मिलान कीजिए तथा नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें:          सूची I सूची II         (पादप) (प्राकृतिक वनस्पति प्रकार) अखरोट 1. अल्पाइन बर्च (Birch) 2. हिमालयी आद्र शीशम 3. आद्र पर्णपाती एबोनी (Ebony) 4. उष्णकटिबंधीय सदाबहार Code: A – B – C – D 2 – 3 – 4 – 1 2 – 1 – 3 – 4 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 1 – 3 – 2 – 4 Q.9) उष्णकटिबंधीय वर्षावन (tropical rainforest) में प्राकृतिक वनस्पति कम होती हैं, क्योंकि- मौसमी परिवर्तन जो पोषक तत्वों के अवशोषण की सुविधा प्रदान करता है। पूरे वर्ष गर्म और आर्द्र जलवायु की उपस्थिति। उपजाऊ मृदा तीव्र पोषक चक्र (Rapid nutrient cycling) नीचे दिए गए कूट का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनें: केवल 1 और 3 केवल 2 और 4  केवल 2, 3 और 4  1, 2, 3 और 4 Q.10) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: भारत में कोयला निक्षेप दो मुख्य भू-वैज्ञानिक युगों - गोंडवाना और टर्शियरी युग में निर्मित पर्वत श्रृंखला में पाया जाता है। गोंडवाना कोयले के प्रमुख संसाधन दामोदर घाटी में स्थित हैं। टर्शियरी युग में निर्मित कोयले में कार्बन की मात्रा बहुत कम होती है। उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही  है / हैं?  केवल 1 केवल 2 और 3 केवल 1 और 2  1,2 और 3 IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs Quiz Q.1) गोदावरी नदी के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें तथा गलत कथन की पहचान करें: इस नदी को दक्षिण गंगा के नाम से जाना जाता है। शिमशा, हेमवती, अर्कवती, भवानी इस नदी की सहायक नदियाँ हैं। इस नदी पर राष्ट्रीय जलमार्ग 4 का निर्माण किया गया है। जल निकासी बेसिन ओडिशा तक विस्तारित है। Q.2) दिव्यांगजन अधिकार अधिनियम (Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act) के संदर्भ में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें: यह अधिनियम दिव्यांग व्यक्तियों (UNCRPD) के अधिकारों पर संयुक्त राष्ट्रीय सम्मेलन के दायित्वों को पूरा करता है। इस अधिनियम ने उच्च दिव्यांगता आरक्षण का कोटा बढ़ाकर शिक्षण संस्थानों में 3% से 5% और सरकारी नौकरियों में 3% से 4% कर दिया है। उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन सा सही नहीं है / हैं?  केवल 1 केवल 2 1 और 2 दोनों न तो 1 और न ही 2 Q.3) सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की स्थितियों की जांच करने और उनकी उन्नति के लिए उपाय सुझाने के लिए, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा आयोग नियुक्त किया गया था? ली आयोग मंडल आयोग एस के धर आयोग फजल अली आयोग Q.4) ओस्लो शांति समझौते से संबंधित है - WIPO द्वारा प्रशासित अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कॉपीराइट संधियाँ। 1990 के दशक में इजरायल और फिलिस्तीनियों के बीच समझौतों की श्रृंखला पर हस्ताक्षर। वाह्य अंतरिक्ष की खोज और शांतिपूर्ण उपयोग में राज्यों की गतिविधियों को नियंत्रित करने वाले सिद्धांत। स्वालबार्ड के आर्कटिक द्वीपसमूह पर नॉर्वे की संप्रभुता को मान्यता देना। Q.5) स्वराज द्वीप, लॉन्ग आइलैंड और शहीद द्वीप कहाँ स्थित हैं - अंडमान और निकोबार द्वीप समूह  कच्छ का रण  लक्षद्वीप द्वीपसमूह लक्कादीव सागर (Laccadive Sea)   उत्तर डाउनलोड करने के लिए नीचे क्लिक करें  - Click Here

Daily Prelims CA Quiz

UPSC Quiz - 2020 : IASbaba's Daily Current Affairs Quiz [Day 55]

For Previous Daily Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative. This is a part of our recently launched, NEW INITIATIVE IASbaba’s INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020 – Road Map for the next 100 Days! FREE INITIATIVE! We will make sure, in the next 4 months not a single day is wasted. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and  EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Important Note: Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :)  After completing the 5 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken and solutions. To take the Test - click Here

Topper's From IASbaba

Rank 36 SARANYA RAMCHANDRAN UPSC CSE 2019 TOPPER- IASbaba’s TLP Connect Student’s TESTIMONIAL!

Heartiest Congratulations to SARANYA RAMCHANDRAN Rank 36, UPSC CSE 2019 TOPPER Her hard work and judicious use of IASbaba's initiatives like THINK LEARN PERFORM (TLP) -Connect, Integrated Learning Programme (ILP) - Babapedia, Test Series sailed her through the exam with a splendid rank. As a token of gratitude, she has sent us this testimonial. We at IASbaba, wish her all the success and become a role model for everyone to follow.. and keep us inspiring!   You can check Final Results of UPSC CSE 2019 - CLICK HERE 100+ Ranks UPSC CSE 2019 Topper’s from IASbaba – 5 in Top 20 Ranks makes it even more Special! -> CLICK HERE

Topper's From IASbaba

[VIDEO]TOPPER’S STRATEGY- RANK 285 ANIKET SACHAN UPSC CSE 2019 TOPPER – Cracks UPSC Exam in First Attempt – IASbaba’s ILP, TLP and IMP Student!

Hello Everyone, Coming from a very humble background, a small town Bhusawal in Maharashtra Cracks UPSC exam in his 1st Attempt. ANIKET SACHAN Rank 285 UPSC CSE Topper 2019 (Political Science & International Relationship Optional) is part of IASbaba's 3 flagship program ILP, TLP and IMP. He shares his preparation strategy with Mohan Sir (IASbaba Founder). He has graduated in the year 2019 from IIT BHU Varnasi and cracks UPSC Exam in his 1st Attempt! He was part of all the 3 flagship program’s of IASbaba -ILP, TLP and IMP. Among Free Initiatives, his favourite programs are IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs, 60 Day Plan and TLP -Mains Answer Writing. And here is a story that can inspire thousands and millions of students. Kudos and Salute to his consistent efforts, determination and hard work which has helped him clear UPSC Exam in the very 1st Attempt.  Here in this conversation, apart from Preparation Strategy, Aniket discusses about the Golden Rule (1-2-3-4 Strategy) one should follow when attempting Prelims Exam, How to Crack UPSC Exam in 1st Attempt, Importance of Time Management & Planning, How to balance College and UPSC Preparation, How to Overcome the 3 Fears – Language (English), Timely Completion of Syllabus, Attempting Tests/Answer Writing and many more… Standing true to its Tagline – One Stop Destination for UPSC/IAS Preparation!! IASbaba has proved time and again how it has played a crucial role in helping one reach the destination. You can check Final Results of UPSC CSE 2019 - CLICK HERE 100+ Ranks UPSC CSE 2019 Topper’s from IASbaba – 5 in Top 20 Ranks makes it even more Special! -> CLICK HERE Hear the Success Story of ANIKET SACHAN Rank 285  UPSC CSE 2019 – 0:29 -  Introduction – Cracks Exam in 1st Attempt, Part of all the 3 Flagship Programs of IASbaba- ILP, TLP, IMP 1:29- What it takes to crack this exam in the 1st Attempt? 1:59 - Proper Planning– Way to Success ! 02:26 - When did you start your UPSC Preparation? How did you manage the college syllabus (final year) and UPSC Preparation? 02:52 - Motivation to take up the UPSC Exam? When Did you start your UPSC Preparation? 04:01 - Common-thing with all Toppers – Time Management, Planning, Hardwork 04:22 - Preparation Strategy – Prelims, Mains, Interview 04:31 - PRELIMS Strategy 04:55 - 1.Notes Making – Static & Current Affairs 05:45 - 2. Solving Prelims Tests & Learnings from the Analysis of the Test 06:19 - 3. Daily, Weekly, Monthly Targets– Importance of IASbaba’s ILP 06:44 - 4. Golden No. of Questions to attempt in the Test – 1-2-3-4 Strategy 08:20 - MAINS Strategy 09:35 - Importance of Answer Writing - IASbaba’s TLP Program (Free Initiative) for Mains 10:27 - INTERVIEW Strategy- How I worked on myself? 11:16 - Role of IAsbaba’s Interview Mentorship Program (IMP) & One-One Mentorship 11:28 - Role of IASbaba in Your Success? - 3 Flagship Programs -ILP, TLP, IMP 12:40 - Emphasis of Answer Writing 15:43 - Ethics & Essay Strategy 20:01 - Current Affairs Strategy – How did you manage Multiple Sources? 21:20 - Importance of IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs 22:13 - Do you think the ONLINE Mode is changing the ways of UPSC preparation? 22:27 - Did not join any classroom Program, but joined IASbaba’s ILP and followed TLP Program 22:38 - Online mode is a boon! 23:07 - IASbaba stands true to its Vision – Enabling an aspirant located at the remotest corner of the country, in not only fulfilling his/her dreams of clearing the toughest UPSC/Civil Services Exam, but securing Rank 1 23:35 - IASbaba’s Success in a limited time by Aniket 24:28 - How to Choose an Optional ? Why did you choose Political Science Optional? 26:00 - Final Words/Advice to fellow aspirants who are preparing for the UPSC Exam 26:08- How to Overcome the 3 Fears – Language (English), Timely Completion of Syllabus, Attempting Tests/Answer Writing   To Know More about- FOUNDATION COURSE (GS): IASbaba’s e-CLASSROOM LEARNING PROGRAM (e-CLP) 2021 – ADMISSIONS OPEN!!  -> CLICK HERE Integrated Learning Program (ILP) 2021 ->CLICK HERE  SOCIOLOGY OPTIONAL (e-Classroom Learning Program(e-CLP)) 2021 and MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 By Dr.Vamshi Krishna NC  -> CLICK HERE Email : support@iasbaba.com   Thank You IASbaba

TLP [OPTIONAL]: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Paper 1- UPSC Mains Answer Writing [12th August, 2020] – Day 6

For Previous PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Topics Administrative Behavior: Process and techniques of decision-making Communication; Morale; Motivation Theories – content, process and contemporary; Theories of Leadership: Traditional and Modern.   To know more about this initiative - Click Here SCHEDULE   -> CLICK HERE 1. While the content theories of motivation are structural models, process theories of motivation are behavioural ones. Discuss              15 marks (250 words) 2. “Management maintains and controls while leadership influences and creates opportunity for people to change and perform” J.C. Maxwell. Comment 15 marks (250 words) 

Daily Static Quiz

UPSC Static Quiz - 2020: IASbaba's Daily Static Quiz - GEOGRAPHY [Day 55]

For Previous Static Quiz (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE DAILY STATIC QUIZ will cover all the topics of Static/Core subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology. This is a part of our recently launched, NEW INITIATIVE IASbaba’s INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020 – Road Map for the next 100 Days! FREE INITIATIVE! We will make sure, in the next 4 months not a single day is wasted. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and  EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE Important Note After completing the 10 questions, click on 'View Questions' to check your score, time taken and solutions. Don't forget to post your marks in the comment section. Also, let us know if you enjoyed today's test :)  To take the Test - Click Here

TLP Mains 2020

IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2 - ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing - General Studies Paper 1 Questions[12th August,2020] - Day 55

For Previous TLP (ARCHIVES) - CLICK HERE Hello Friends, Welcome to IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2- ENGLISH & हिंदी): UPSC Mains Answer Writing - General Studies  1 Questions[12th August, 2020] - Day 55 This is a part of our recently launched, NEW INITIATIVE IASbaba’s INTEGRATED REVISION PLAN (IRP) 2020 – Road Map for the next 100 Days! FREE INITIATIVE! We will make sure, in the next 4 months not a single day is wasted. All your energies are channelized in the right direction. Trust us! This will make a huge difference in your results this time, provided that you follow this plan sincerely every day without fail. Gear up and Make the Best Use of this initiative. We are giving 3 Mains Questions on Daily basis (unlike our regular TLP which has 5 questions) so that every student can actively participate and keep your preparation focused. Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and  EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!” To Know More about the Initiative -> CLICK HERE SCHEDULE/DETAILED PLAN – > CLICK HERE   Note: Click on Each Question (Link), it will open in a new tab and then Answer respective questions! 1. With the help of suitable examples, examine the pattern of losses of ice bodies in different parts of the world. उपयुक्त उदाहरणों की मदद से, दुनिया के विभिन्न हिस्सों में बर्फ निकायों के नुकसान के पैटर्न की जांच करें। 2. What is Mascarene High? How does it impact the weather pattern in the Indian subcontinent? Explain.   मैस्करन हाई क्या है? यह भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप में मौसम के पैटर्न को कैसे प्रभावित करता है? समझाएं। 3. Examine the impacts of global sea level rise on the costal flora and fauna.  तटीय वनस्पतियों और जीवों पर वैश्विक समुद्री स्तर के प्रभाव का परीक्षण करें। P.S: The review from IASbaba will happen from the time the question is posted till 10 pm everyday. We would also encourage peer reviews. So friends get actively involved and start reviewing each others answers. This will keep the entire community motivated. All the Best :)

Topper's From IASbaba

[VIDEO]TOPPER’S STRATEGY- RANK 455 MAYANK GURJAR UPSC CSE 2019 TOPPER – An Inspiring Story- Cracks UPSC Exam in First Attempt – IASbaba’s ILP, TLP Connect and IMP Student!

Hello Everyone, An inspiring story and learn how to crack this exam in 1st attempt from UPSC Topper 2019, MAYANK GURJAR Rank 455 UPSC CSE 2019. He shares his preparation strategy with Mohan Sir (IASbaba Founder). He was part of all the 3 flagship program’s of IASbaba -ILP, TLP Connect and IMP. He comes from a humble background and his upbringing makes him emotionally and mentally strong. And here is a story that can inspire thousands and millions of students. Among Free Initiatives, his favourite programs are IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs, 60 Day Plan and TLP -Mains Answer Writing. Kudos and Salute to his consistent efforts, determination and hard work which has helped him clear UPSC Exam in the very 1st Attempt.  In the conversation, apart from his Preparation Strategy, many important topics have been touched upon like - How he improved his scores in Ethics and Essay how one should not get emotional when choosing an Optional, Importance of Reading Newspaper, How important is devising one's own strategy, and many more.. Standing true to its Tagline – One Stop Destination for UPSC/IAS Preparation!! IASbaba has proved time and again how it has played a crucial role in helping one reach the destination. You can check Final Results of UPSC CSE 2019 - CLICK HERE 100+ Ranks UPSC CSE 2019 Topper’s from IASbaba – 5 in Top 20 Ranks makes it even more Special! -> CLICK HERE Hear the Success Story of MAYANK GURJAR Rank 455 UPSC CSE 2019 – IMPORTANT TIMELINES: 0:00 - Introduction – Cracks Exam in 1st Attempt, Part of all the 3 Flagship Programs of IASbaba- ILP, TLP, IMP 00:48 - Hardwork – Way to Success !! 01:39 - His Upbringing makes him Emotionally Strong Personality 02:12 – Motivation to take up the UPSC Exam? Story which can inspire thousands and millions of students 6:50 – When did you start your UPSC Preparation? How did you manage the college syllabus (final year) and UPSC Preparation? 9:12 – Do you Believe in XYZ' Optionals have an edge over other Optionals? How to Choose an Optional ? What should be the criteria? 12:12 - Don’t become Emotional when choosing an Optional 12:30 - How to Choose an Optional? Interest vs Scoring Trends 13:00 - Preparation Strategy – Prelims, Mains, Interview 13:22 - PRELIMS Strategy 13:54 - Importance of Reading Hindu Newspaper 14:25 - Importance of IASbaba’s ILP – Choose it for 2 Reasons 1. Quality 2. Economical (Affordability) 15:45 - Stick to minimum resource 16.24 - Importance of Prelims Test Series (IASbaba) 17:25 -  MAINS Strategy 18:29 -  Joined IASbaba’s TLP Connect Program for Mains – Importance of Answer Writing 19:30 - Improved my Ethics score from 71 to 114 in Mains Tests 21:52 - Improved my Essay Score & the D-Day of the Exam -ROLE OF A MENTOR 23:28 - Importance of IASbaba’s Value Added Notes (VAN) in Mains Exam 24:47 - My Story - On the Day of MAINS Exam! 25:55 - INTERVIEW Strategy- How I worked on my weakness? 27:05 - Role of IAsbaba’s Interview Mentorship Program (IMP) & One-One Mentorship 28:58 - Emphasis on the Major Role of IASbaba in Mayank’s Journey 29:10 - 1. Economical – Affordability 29:52 - 2. IASbaba’s Prelims Test Series is different from other Test Series – Good Hit Ratio! 30:28 - 3. Personal Mentorship & Trust 31:50 - 3 Pillars to clear this Exam – Consistency, Revision, Trust! 32:33 - Current Affairs Strategy – Multiple Sources? 34:51 - Notes Making 35:40 - There is no single Path to Success! You are Unique – Be Yourself.. Devise your Own Strategy! 36:48 - Importance of Revision 37:45 - How did you Improve your Score in Ethics and Essay? 41:44 – Final Words/Advice to fellow aspirants who are preparing for the UPSC Exam   To Know More about- FOUNDATION COURSE (GS): IASbaba’s e-CLASSROOM LEARNING PROGRAM (e-CLP) 2021 – ADMISSIONS OPEN!!  -> CLICK HERE Integrated Learning Program (ILP) 2021 ->CLICK HERE  SOCIOLOGY OPTIONAL (e-Classroom Learning Program(e-CLP)) 2021 and MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 By Dr.Vamshi Krishna NC  -> CLICK HERE Email : support@iasbaba.com   Thank You IASbaba

DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS IAS | UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam – 11th AUGUST 2020

Archives (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) Submarine cable connectivity to Andaman & Nicobar Islands Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II and III – Govt policies and initiatives; Infrastructure;   Context:  PM launched submarine Optical Fibre Cable (OFC) which connects Andaman & Nicobar Islands to the mainland.  The project will lay 2300 Kms submarine cable, connects major chunk of the islands from Chennai to Port Blair, Port Blair to Little Andaman and Port Blair to Swaraj Island.  Benefits:  The connectivity would now enable endless opportunities in the islands  Provide modern facilities to every citizen and every sector   Ease of living to improve  Speedy development of national security  Cheaper & better connectivity  Enjoy all benefits of Digital India -  improving online education, tele-medicine, banking system, online trading and in boosting tourism  Would boost Act-East policy and India’s Economic-Strategic Cooperation  Map activity -  Locate important places - Car Nicobar; Campbell - Bay; Port Blair; Swaraj Island; Swaraj Dweep, Shaheed Dweep and Long Island etc.  Other measures:  Apart from providing for better internet & mobile connectivity, efforts are being made to improve physical connectivity through road, air and water.  Enhancing capacity of Port Blair Airport  Water Aerodrome Infrastructure   4 Ships being built at Kochi Shipyard to improve the Water connectivity  Port Led Development  Speedy construction of the deep draft inner harbor and the proposal to construct TransShipment Port in Great Nicobar   Development of modern infrastructure to accelerate blue economy like Fisheries, Aquaculture and SeaWeed farming  Issue with disability Quota  Part of: GS Prelims and Mains II - Social/Welfare issue; Vulnerable section  Context:  Delhi High Court issued notice to UPSC on a plea challenging this year’s preliminary examination notice for direct recruitment to civil services.  The petition filed by Sambhavana (a registered society of the disabled for the disabled) claimed that the UPSC’s notice reserves only 24 vacancies for persons with disabilities out of a total 796 expected approximate vacancies. (it neglects the minimum reservation to be provided to disabled persons)  The number of vacancies were below the 4 % mandatory reservation under section 34 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016.  4% mandatory reservation under Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016:  Section 34(1) of RPwD mandates a minimum 4% reservation for the benchmark disabled of the total number of vacancies in the cadre strength in each group of posts meant to be filled with such disabled.  It mandates equal distribution of one (20% each) among the disabled classes of the blind, deaf, locomotor plus the combined class of autism, etc. with those having multiple disabilities.  Indigenisation of Defence Part of: GS Mains II and III – Govt schemes and policies; Defence; Indigenisation of technology  Context:  Ministry of Defence (MoD) has decided to impose a ban on 101 import items to boost indigenisation of defence production.  Do you know?  MoD had bifurcated the capital procurement budget for 2020-21 between domestic and foreign capital procurement routes.  Government has targeted to reach a turnover of USD 25 billion by 2025 through indigenously manufactured defence products and also expects to export products worth $5 billion.  Benefits of indigenisation of defence  Boosts indigenisation of defence production   Reduces fiscal deficit (India is second-largest arms importer in the world)  Indigenisation in defence is important to national security   India can generate FOREX by exporting defence equipment  This could lead to innovation and R&D in the defence sector  Steps towards achieving self­-reliance goal  Steps taken:  3 facilities were inaugurated - Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) and BEML’s (Bharat Earth Movers Limited) Industrial Design Centre at its Bangalore Complex  The three facilities include -  manufacturing facility for sighting devices for T­90 Tanks at the Opto Electronics Factory, Dehradun,   automated assembly line for the production of Pinaka Rockets at the Ordnance Factory, Chandrapur and   assembly and testing facility of Stabilised Remote Controlled Gun (SRCG) at the Ordnance Factory, Tiruchirappalli  Oslo Peace Accord Part of: GS Prelims and GS Mains III - International Affairs  Context: The Oslo peace accords of the 1990s gave the Palestinians self-­rule in parts of the West Bank.  About:   Oslo Accords are a series of agreements between Israel and the Palestinians signed in the 1990s.  Oslo I (1993)  formally known as the Declaration of Principles (DOP) established a timetable for the Middle East peace process. It planned for an interim Palestinian government in Gaza and Jericho in the West Bank.  Oslo II  officially called the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and Gaza (1995), expanded on Oslo I.   Oslo II included -  Provisions for the complete withdrawal of Israeli troops from six West Bank cities and about 450 towns.  Timetable for elections for the Palestinian Legislative Council.  The interim pact was only supposed to last five years while a permanent agreement was finalised but it has tacitly been rolled over for more than two decades.  The question of Jerusalem was left undecided under the Oslo Accords  RBI’s Loan Recast Scheme Part of: GS Prelims and Mains III – Economy and related issues; Banking  In news:  RBI cleared a loan restructuring scheme for borrowers who are under stress because of the pandemic.  Key sectors, such as micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), hospitality, aviation, retail, real estate and auto, which are facing a liquidity crunch, will benefit from this scheme.  Do you know?  One­time loan restructuring will help soften the COVID­19 pandemic’s impact on banks’ asset quality  RBI’s relaxations under the Prudential Framework on Resolution of Stressed Assets will benefit borrowers in most categories  Miscellaneous: Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown Lockdown hit treatment under PMJAY scheme  Claim volume fell by 50% under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY)  Significant declines in admissions for child delivery and oncology   PMJAY beneficiaries delayed or postponed treatment due to the fear of infection at hospitals   78% of rural India stopped work  Almost 80% of rural Indians saw their work coming to a standstill during the COVID­19 lockdown  Only 20% got work under the Centre’s employment guarantee scheme  More than 68% of respondents faced “high” to “very high” monetary difficulties, with 23% forced to borrow money during the lockdown  71% of ration card holders got grains from the government  Over 60% of skilled workers and manual labourers faced a complete shutdown. (Employment was hit)  Human ATM  Context:  Postal department’s new service of delivering money home - where postman acted as a human ATM - has turned out to be biggest hit countrywide.  More than one lakh transactions being recorded across India on a daily basis.  How does it work?  The free service allows people to withdraw — through the postman — up to ₹10,000 at a time from any of their Aadhaar-linked bank accounts.   The postman carries a portable biometric device to match fingerprints.  All a person needs to do is to use the Postinfo app or simply call the local post office or spot the postman.   Benefits:  Helped stranded people during COVID-­19 ­forced lockdown  Helps elderly and people living in rural areas  Deliver monthly pensions  (MAINS FOCUS) INTERNATIONAL Topic: General Studies 2 India and its neighborhood- relations. Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests Isolating China, as proposition and the reality Context: The latest round of talks, on 2nd August 2020, between the Military Commanders of India and China, did not produce any breakthrough.  For the background on the recent Indo-China border clashes :Click here and here   Why breakthrough in Diplomacy was not achieved?  China reiterated that their troops “were on its side of the traditional customary boundary line” (that India opposes)  China also criticised what is essentially India’s internal matter, viz., the changes effected to the status of Jammu and Kashmir in August 2019.  India’s MEA has promulgated that “the state of the border and the future of India’s ties with China cannot be separated”.  What does this stalemate mean?  The situation along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in the Ladakh sector thus remains essentially unchanged.  A return to the status quo ante prior to May 2020, is nowhere in sight.  The tensions along the border is going to continue for a longer period of time may be not at the intense level seen during the months of April-May 2020.  Do you know?  In the 1970s, China grabbed control over the Paracel Islands from Vietnam.   In the 1990s, it occupied Mischief Reef in the Spratly Islands, an area of the South China Sea that the Philippines had always considered its territory.  What has been global perception about recent Chinese actions?  Chinese Intentions exposed: Beijing’s virtual takeover of Hong Kong, land grab in South China Sea and adventurism along India border exposed China’s ‘imperialist ambitions’ and President Xi Jinping’s authoritarian world view.   Growing Voice about Chinese Unilateralism: China’s approach has been unilateralism rather than compromise, when dealing with its smaller neighbours. Taiwan, Japan, Vietnam, Indonesia and South Korea have all complained about China’s menacing postures in their vicinity  Realignment in Global Geopolitics: After years of cooperating with one another, the U.S. and China are currently at the stage of confrontation, with both flexing its military muscle and seeking allies to join their camps (reminiscence of Cold war era)  Alliance Vs Non-Alignment: A Cold war type politics places several countries, especially in Asia, in a difficult position as most of them do not wish to take sides — especially with a belligerent China as neighbour  Despite its predatory tactics why is China far from being isolated in world affairs?  Realisation of being the Prisoner of Geography:   China was always known to be over-protective of the South China Sea considering it a natural shield against possible hostile intervention by outside forces inimical to it.   Thus, China is compelled to be aggressive about protecting its frontier.  This realpolitik of China is being understood by Asian neighbours and therefore not openly aligning with USA at this juncture.  Leveraging the Economic Advantage:   China seems confident that its stranglehold on the global economy ensures that it does not face any real challenge  A majority of ASEAN countries have grave concerns about China’s predatory tactics but ASEAN having become one of China’s biggest trading partners, it adopts a default position. viz., “not to take sides”  Conclusion  Geo-balancing is not happening to China’s disadvantage. This lesson must be well understood, when countries like India plan their future strategy.  Connecting the dots: String of Pearls Strategy  Belt and Road Initiative  SOCIETY/ MODERN INDIAN HISTORY/ GOVERNANCE Topic: General Studies 1 and 2 Significant events in Modern Indian history & Social empowerment Mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections Three decades of Mandal Moment Context: Thirty years ago, on 7th August 1990, the VP Singh government decided to implement the recommendations of the Mandal Commission, and providing 27% reservations for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in government jobs  Mandal Commission  In exercise of the powers conferred by Article 340 of the Constitution, the President appointed a backward class commission in December 1978 under the chairmanship of B. P. Mandal.  The commission was formed to determine the criteria for defining India’s “socially and educationally backward classes” and to recommend steps to be taken for the advancement of those classes.  The Mandal Commission submitted its report in 1980 and generated an all-India other backward classes (OBC) list of 3,743 castes and a more underprivileged “depressed backward classes” list of 2,108 castes.  The Commission concluded that India’s population consisted of approximately 52% OBCs, therefore 27% government jobs should be reserved for them.  What were the factors which led to the historic moment in Modern Indian Politics?  The decision was in the wake of the gradual political rise of the backward communities, which was due to a set of complex factors.  Political Outcome of Past Policies: The impact of the Green Revolution led to economic empowerment of OBCs and increased their desire for upward professional mobility through reservation in government jobs  Electoral Compulsion: The demographic weight of the backward communities amplified their aspirations. In a Democratic society like India, the demands of such large sections of society could not be neglected both electorally & democratically.  Political Compulsions: To counter the Mandir politics of late 1980s which sought to prioritise religion over caste, the government of the day promoted Mandal Politics  Was OBC reservation opposed and if so on what lines?  The Mandal moment saw ferocious backlash by sections of upper castes, particularly in northern & western regions of India  This opposition was articulated on two axes   That reservations compromised merit  If at all reservations should open up beyond what was offered to SC & STs, it should be on economic lines (and not on caste basis)  What has been the Supreme Court’s verdict on OBC reservation?  The Supreme Court dealt with Constitutional Validity of OBC reservation in ‘Indira Sawhney’ Case or Mandal Case.   The SC upheld the 27% reservation for OBCs but also stated that only caste was not an indicator of social and educational backwardness.   SC also said that the ‘creamy layer’ among the OBCs should not be the beneficiaries of the reservations.  Supreme Court in the same case also upheld the principle that the combined reservation beneficiaries should not exceed 50% of India’s population.  What has been the major Criticism of OBC reservation?  Backlash by left out sections: The resentment of those communities which did not have a share in the reservation pie increased. Mandal Politics launched an era of open hostility between upper castes & backward communities, particularly in the Hindi heartland  Appeasement Politics: Political parties, in order to appease their constituents, continued to expand reservation. This has undermined the entire purpose of reservation, envisaged as a tool to address historic injustice  Demand for Subcategorization of OBCs: Within OBCs, some communities benefited more than others, which led to a political divide and demands for sub-categorisation, a process currently underway.  According to the Rohini Commission, out of almost 6,000 castes and communities in the OBCs, only 40 such communities had gotten 50% of reservation benefits for admission in central educational institutions and recruitment to the civil services.  Way Ahead  Making Agriculture Economically Viable: As the small landholders, tenants, agricultural labour, impoverished village artisans, unskilled workers, forms the bulk of the OBCs community, it becomes imperative to make agriculture (the backbone of the rural economy) economically viable.  Strengthening Private Sector: A revived private sector that offers jobs to unemployed youth reduces the demand for jobs in the public sector and reservation.  Review of Reservation Policy: The entire architecture of reservations needs a review, with the aim of creating a just, inclusive and equal society, without pandering to populist movements  Connecting the dots: Rohini Commission  Constitutional (103rd Amendment) Act of 2019 -- Reservations for Economically Weaker Sections in Unreserved Category  (TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE) Model questions: (You can now post your answers in comment section) Note:  Correct answers of today’s questions will be provided in next day’s DNA section. Kindly refer to it and update your answers.  Comments Up-voted by IASbaba are also the “correct answers”. Q.1) Consider the following statements:  Article 340 in the Constitution of India deals with Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes  The President of India has appointed a Commission to examine the sub-categorisation of Other Backward Classes  Which of the following statements is/are correct?  1 only  2 only  Both 1 and 2  Neither 1 nor 2  Q.2) India is a member of  ASEAN  East Asia Summit  Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)  None of the above  Q.3) Oslo Peace Accord deals with - international copyright treaties administered by WIPO.  series of agreements between Israel and the Palestinians signed in the 1990s.   recognising the sovereignty of Norway over the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard.  principles governing the activities of States in the exploration and peaceful use of Outer Space.  Q.4) Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act was passed in India in 2016. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Act? It fulfills the obligations to the United National Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), to which India is a signatory.  The Act recognises 21 kinds of disabilities compared to the previous seven.  The Act also increased the quota for disability reservation in higher educational institutions from 3% to 5% and in government jobs from 3% to 4%.  Select the code from below:  1 and 2  2 and 3  1 and 3  All of the above  ANSWERS FOR 10th AUG 2020 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (TYK) 1  A  2  B  3  D  4  A  Must Read About Civil Service Entrants: The Hindu About controlling Corona virus:  The Hindu About Secularism: The Indian Express

TLP Mains 2020

SYNOPSIS [10th August,2020] Day 53: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)

  SYNOPSIS [10th August,2020] Day 53: IASbaba’s TLP (Phase 2): UPSC Mains Answer Writing (General Studies)   1. What are the locational factors for the pharmaceutical industry? Discuss with the help of suitable examples. फार्मास्युटिकल उद्योग के लिए स्थानीय कारक क्या हैं? उपयुक्त उदाहरणों की सहायता से चर्चा करें। Demand of the question: It expects students to mention the locational factors for the pharmaceutical industry with relevant examples for the specific location. Introduction: The pharmaceutical industry discovers, develops, produces, and markets pharmaceutical drugs for use as medications  to patients. Pharmaceutical industry being a major global economic force relies on production of pharmaceutical drugs in a  safe, clean and efficient environment, hence location of  pharmaceutical industries are selected accordingly.  Body: The pharmaceutical industry’s operating environment is complex because of economic, political, technical, and social influences within a growing global environment for product development and delivery. Though pharmaceutical industry is a footloose industry (i.e. it does not require specific local resources) following  locational factors  needs to be considered for the pharmaceutical industry: Availability of Raw material: An ideal location is one where the main raw material required to manufacture the product is adequately available. This will ensure regular supply of the material and will reduce the transportation costs. e.g. Indian pharmaceutical industry is located near the western coast of India. The ports on western coast help to import raw materials required for the manufacturing of drugs. Nearness to the potential market: Marketing of finished goods efficiently is an important function of an enterprise. If the plant is located near the market, then the management can keep close touch with their changes in market environment and formulate its production policies accordingly. Moreover, the transportation and other overhead expenses are reduced. e.g. Indian pharmaceutical industry is located near the western coast of India. Proximity to ports (Kandla, Bhavnagar etc.)  facilitates easy export to Africa, Europe etc. Location should be near to source of operating power: For  some specific operations in industries, cheap, continuous and adequate power supply is needed. Location of the plant near to the hydel-power situation will provide cheap electricity. Supply of labour: Labour is one of the most important inputs in any industrial enterprise. There should be regular and cheap supply of labour, specifically the skilled labour. Also, If there is adequate supply of local labour/unskilled labour near the plant, then naturally it will be available at cheaper rates. Transport and communication facilities: Transport is very important for bringing raw materials, fuel from different places, marketing of finished products etc. The region well connected with rail, road, water and air transport system is considered to be more appropriate for the location of the plants. Suitability of land and climate: Sub-soil of the location should be able to support the load likely to be placed on it. Similarly, climatic conditions viz humidity, temperature and other atmospheric conditions should be favourable for the plant. For  example, humid atmosphere is not suitable for the formation of pharmaceuticals. Local building and state policy regulations: Proposed location should not be infringe local regulations and bye-laws. Laws for the construction of buildings, local taxes etc. should be taken into consideration for the selection of site. Favourable state government policies also influence the location of industries, e.g. stable policies of Gujarat, Maharashtra. Safety requirements: Industries likely to cause pollution or processes explosives in nature should be located in remote areas. Considering these locational factors, Indian pharmaceutical industry is located near the western coast where raw material is available, also it is well connected to the market through rail, water, road and air. Also highly skilled as well as unskilled workforce is available. Conclusion: The pharmaceutical industry has grown in the last several decades and has become quite complex, promising to deliver valuable products that enhance the quality of life to an expanding global population that demands greater access and more affordable choices. Being the pharmacy of the world, India has shown its potential to be the leading producer in the pharmaceutical industry, with more enhancement in it India can prove to be a global leader in the pharmaceutical industry. 2. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we have witnessed significant shifts in the pattern of investments across the world. Please discuss a few examples along with their causative factors. COVID-19 महामारी के दौरान, हमने दुनिया भर में निवेश के पैटर्न में महत्वपूर्ण बदलाव देखा है। कृपया उनके प्रेरक कारकों के साथ कुछ उदाहरणों पर चर्चा करें। Demand of the question: It expects students to observe and mention the shift in pattern of investment across the world with relevant examples. It also expects to discuss the reasons for the shift. Introduction: As per World economic situation and prospectus 2020 of  United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), it is observed that the economic uncertainty sparked by the Covid-19 will likely cost the global economy $1 trillion in 2020.  Body:  Almost all the sectors of the economy are devastated by the COVID-19 impact, in these uncertain times investors chose a durable and safe way to ensure return on investment. Hence, investment patterns changed across the world as follows: Investors across the world chose to invest in the most dependable options to invest such as investment in the high value metals is increased in such a way that the prices of gold and silver are skyrocketed. For instance, gold touched around 56000 rs. for 10gm and silver cost touched  nearly 75000 rs mark for 1kg. Industrialists in Europe  are re-locating their businesses to South Asian countries like India, Vietnam, etc. As health becoming the most important issue in this pandemic, people are investing more in buying medical/health insurances. For instance, Health insurance sector saw a 7% rise in investment relatively with pre-covid19 times. People are investing more in the essential commodities markets related stocks. Also investment in the E-commerce sector has increased, as people are preferring to stay at home and avoid going out.  For the first time in the history of the Indian capital markets, Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) have sold securities worth over ₹1 lakh crore in a single month (March 2020). Investors also chose to invest in the medical health related product manufacturing and services. e.g. Boom of sanitizer and mask manufacturers is seen across the globe as it was the need of the hour. Following are the major causative factors for change in investment pattern across the world: As COVID-19 infection spreads fast has potential to spread millions of people within less span of time, no medication or vaccine for it has halted all the economic activities as health of people is of prime most importance. Hence, change in investment pattern is observed due to uncertainty of market recovery. According to market participants, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic that has affected stocks worldwide is the primary reason for such record outflows as foreign investors move away from riskier assets and emerging markets. The global economic slowdown due to the supply chain disruption and market forces at halt has caused the loss of trust of investors in the earlier traded securities. Interest rates: Investment is financed either out of current savings or by borrowing. Therefore investment is strongly influenced by interest rates. High interest rates make it more expensive to borrow. High interest rates also give a better rate of return from keeping money in the bank. As in these uncertain times where people are utilising their hard earned savings for survival, the investment choices of people have changed radically. Economic growth: Firms invest to meet future demand. If demand is falling, then firms will cut back on investment. If economic prospects improve, then firms will increase investment as they expect future demand to rise. As COVID-19 has impacted the world economy investors are not willing to take risk, as global economic recovery is far in sight. Productivity of capital : Even though if an investor chose to invest in the production process, the profit margin from the investment is not sure and hence, less or no investment is taking place.  Government policies: Government policy of making containment zones and not allowing interstate , intra-state movement and transport has halted the production capabilities. Although, it will be unreal to expect the investment trajectory to move upwards very easily post-covid19 crisis, following measures can be implemented  to normalise the investment pattern: Need of the moment is to expedite the development of vaccine for COVID-19, and swift and wide scale availability of the economy across the globe. So, that people can start their all their works in normal situation. A large scale fiscal stimulus for the economies to go back to the earlier market transactions is the need of hour. Also customization of approach are also needed as different sectors of economy have impacted differently.  Issues with the banking sectors are also needed to be tackled. Such as NPA's issues may aggravate the crisis in economy.  Also providing lucrative investment opportunities for business persons and institutions so that their trust can be rebuild in the economy and further economic progress can be achieved. Conclusion: Impact of COVID-19 is unprecedented and the downside is that it has affected almost all the sectors of the economy in a single shot. However, the upside is expedited  vaccine development  for COVID-19 shows some promising results. Hence, necessary steps needed to be taken as early as possible which will supplement the recovery of economy. 3. How are sustainable technologies shaping the economies of different countries? Discuss. What is the level of maturity of this industry in India? Examine. विभिन्न देशों की अर्थव्यवस्थाओं को सतत प्रौद्योगिकियां कैसे प्रभावित कर रही हैं? चर्चा करें। भारत में इस उद्योग की परिपक्वता का स्तर क्या है? जांच करें। Demand of the question: It expects students to write about the sustainable technologies role in shaping economies of different countries. It also expects to probe deeper in to facts of the level of maturity of this industry in India. Introduction: People and their well-being are often the central focus of many scientific and technological endeavours. Sustainable Technology is a technology which improves our social and environmental footprint at every stage of the product life, from raw material extraction to end of life. Body:  Attesting to this, Sustainable technologies are generating breakthroughs in the field of medicine, electricity, solar power, space exploration, governance, education, construction etc. Sustainable technologies are shaping the economies of different countries in following ways: It ensures efficient natural resource consumption. The shift from fossil fuel toward perpetual energy takes place, hence, its relative negative impacts such as pollution like problems are minimized. Climate change risk mitigation: Being sustainably conscious, Patagonia has implemented a number of innovations in company management, such as recycled construction materials with laminated coated windows that prevent overheating, LED lighting, new systems of heating, ventilation and air conditioning controlled by a smart grid. Supply chain improvement: Walmart, one of the biggest retail corporations in USA represents multiple deployments of digital transformations that work to eliminate wastage and energy usage and to provide supply chain control. Patagonia is a sustainable clothing company with $800 million revenue that can boast with using organic materials, selling worn and re-crafted outfits and organic provision. Also, the company provides worldwide fundraising through online banking and keeps an online blog The Cleanest Line where articles are dedicated to environmental crises and solutions. Digital innovations with help of renewable energy: The implementation of ambiguous digital transformations, like IoT and AL software, can help to control environmental conditions within the city. For example, saving water, especially in limited desert surroundings, becomes accessible due to smart sensors for water management and rainwater collection. Offshore wind turbines equipped with sensors that seamlessly generate valuable data used  to build “an entirely green connection” with a 100 % carbon-free energy supplement by 2025. e.g. As done in Denmark by Microsoft and Orsted. In these versatile ways sustainable technologies are shaping the economies of the world. These technologies are not just shaping the economies but they are transforming these economies into a different era of technological evolution. Level of maturity of Sustainable technology industry in India: From the point of view of government initiatives, Centre for Sustainable Technologies (CST) established as Centre for ASTRA (Application of Science and Technology for Rural Areas) in 1974, is IISc inter-disciplinary research and technology development centre for providing sustainable solutions to host of global concerns. CST's diverse interventions are, Energy Efficient Wood Burning Devices, Biomethanation, Biomass Gasification, Alternative Building Technologies, Green Buildings and BiPV, Water Purification and Defluoridation, Sanitation, Sustainable Biomass for Energy, Forestry, Bioenergy & Climate Change, and Environmental Quality Assurance-Impact Studies. The spread and impact of technologies emanating from CST over the past three decades have been noteworthy; 1.5 million rural households are using the ASTRA wood burning devices for their cooking needs, adoption of biomass gasifiers for village electrification and industries is resulting in a daily savings of about 30 tons of fossil fuel. Thirty-five biomethanation plants are converting bio-waste into useful biogas and about 12,000 buildings (including 5000 in earthquake affected regions of Gujarat) have been built using alternate building materials developed. In agriculture sector, we identify some of the more promising technologies are developed that have the potential to transform agriculture, especially on small holding farms in India, to a low carbon and climate resilient path while maintaining or increasing yields. In grid connectivity, The major objective of 'Smart grid mission for India' is to empower the Indian power sector in deploying smart grid sustainable technologies in an efficient, cost effective, innovative and scalable manner by bringing together all enabling technologies and all key stakeholders together under one roof.  The Government of India has set a target of installing 175 GW of renewable energy capacity by the year 2022, which includes 100 GW from solar, 60 GW from wind, 10 GW from bio-power and 5 GW from small hydro-power.  Also International Solar Alliance as proposed by India is in place on global forum. India’s renewable power installed capacity has reached over 70 GW. Here the sustainable technologies have  achieved a considerable target but still miles to go to achieve the set target. The challenges of sustainable technological development is different in different settings, considering Indian scenario India has initiated and achieved noteworthy heights in sustainable technological development. However, following approaches needs to be adopted to attain heights of excellence. Investing more in research and development in the sustainable technological development sector. Giving impetus to new ideas and imbibing a culture of scientific approach in students through missions such as Atal innovation mission. Supporting the start-ups in the sustainable technological sector by providing them tax concessions, less interest loans and providing platform for the market exposure such as green technological expo. Conclusion: Sustainable technology is a newly emerging field in the world economy. As the fossil fuels are limited in nature, emerging sustainable technologies are going be the game changer in the market. Hence, more emphasis on developing these technologies can ensure India to achieve great heights in sustainable technological development just like ISRO's golden achievements in past years. TLP HOT Synopsis DAY_53 PDF